EP1221328B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung mit Wassernebel zum Feuerlöschen und/oder zum Einsatz gegen Gifte in Verkehrstunnels - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung mit Wassernebel zum Feuerlöschen und/oder zum Einsatz gegen Gifte in Verkehrstunnels Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1221328B1
EP1221328B1 EP01430001A EP01430001A EP1221328B1 EP 1221328 B1 EP1221328 B1 EP 1221328B1 EP 01430001 A EP01430001 A EP 01430001A EP 01430001 A EP01430001 A EP 01430001A EP 1221328 B1 EP1221328 B1 EP 1221328B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tunnel
mist
fire
nozzles
toxicants
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01430001A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1221328A1 (de
Inventor
Aristide Kaidonis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Desautel SAS
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Desautel SAS
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Desautel SAS filed Critical Desautel SAS
Priority to DE60129290T priority Critical patent/DE60129290T2/de
Priority to ES01430001T priority patent/ES2290104T3/es
Priority to AT01430001T priority patent/ATE366604T1/de
Priority to EP01430001A priority patent/EP1221328B1/de
Publication of EP1221328A1 publication Critical patent/EP1221328A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1221328B1 publication Critical patent/EP1221328B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
    • A62C99/0072—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames using sprayed or atomised water
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/02—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires
    • A62C3/0221—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires for tunnels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/02—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires
    • A62C3/0257—Fire curtains, blankets, walls, fences
    • A62C3/0264—Fire curtains, blankets, walls, fences by creating water curtains
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/02—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires
    • A62C3/0292—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires by spraying extinguishants directly into the fire

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for protection against fumes generated by a fire and / or toxic especially in tunnels.
  • the present invention which is defined by the appended claims advantageously makes it possible to use the effects of thermal convection and balancing flow to block the smoke in the upper part of the tunnel in order to avoid as long as possible that the fumes do not go down and asphyxiate the people.
  • the main feature of the present invention is that by generating a water mist at the bottom of a closed volume or a tunnel, it acts directly on the heat transfers and the balancing flows.
  • the invention is also characterized by the implementation of a device capable of generating a water mist so as to limit its height to about 2 meters in the tunnel volume over its entire length or in a part thereof for the specific purpose of preventing the fallout of smoke and / or a toxic aerosol. (figure 1)
  • the process allows to "block” the fumes in the upper part of the tunnel preventing them from going down, allowing people to move safely, in a "saving” fog out of toxic fumes.
  • This process has the great advantage on the one hand, to secure people by preventing fumes from going down thanks to a "saving" water mist, on the other hand, by protecting them from heat and thermal radiation, and moreover not to disturb the extraction of fumes.
  • the Mont Blanc tunnel disaster highlighted the deadly effects caused by fumes and toxins resulting from a fire. Indeed, it is known that very quickly the fumes are destratifying and expanding in all the volume, this is mainly due to the pressure difference induced by the difference in temperature between the top and the bottom of the tunnel, which, as a result, separates into two volumes, a high volume and a low volume, which generates balancing flows. As a result, users are even very far from the disaster can be endangered not only by fumes but also by toxic gases or powders. To combat these effects, the present invention provides an advantageous, simple and effective method.
  • the method of the invention consists in creating, with the aid of a cloud of droplets of water generated at the bottom and which heavier than the ambient air, flow and form a cloud occupying the lower part of the tunnel, forming a "vault” preventing air movement between the floor and the ceiling of the tunnel.
  • This "vault” creating a significant pressure drop and forming an obstacle to fumes, limits the movement of air and smoke in the upper part of the tunnel above the water mist. We therefore understand the great interest of this process that promotes the evacuation of people and facilitates access to relief.
  • the method of the invention can give rise to various applications including to prevent the spread of fumes, reduce or even prevent the spread of chemical pollutants, especially to the lower part of a tunnel.
  • the process will therefore have the advantage of preventing the smoke from going down, but also to fight against all the effects of the fire, and in particular to prevent its expansion, because as the cloud of droplets encompass the part the fire will weaken, it is obvious that even if the droplets do not succeed in extinguishing it, it will be circumscribed rapidly, thus allowing the emergency services to approach it more easily.
  • the process will allow people in the tunnel, either to flee to the outside, or to join a shelter, Of course, it would be desirable that the shelter is also protected, as proposed by another recent patent, the combination of both would multiply the benefits.
  • the method provides for the implementation of a device for achieving the proposed purpose.
  • the tunnel device according to the invention is equipped with a device, which will therefore generate a cloud of droplets limited to a height allowing on the one hand to block the smoke in the upper part, on the other hand to allow people to move in. security in a cloud of droplets.
  • This device will work either on the total length of the tunnel, or by "Cantons” in this case it will work sequentially and the sequence can be mobile as needed.
  • the sequence corresponds to one or more cantons or sections serviced together or successively, the sequence must always be “calibrated” so that in all cases the cloud of droplets occupies the lower half of the tunnel to the right of the fire zone.
  • the device provides the possibility of implementing a programmed automaton so as to actuate the sections as and when required, by successive opening of the solenoid valves or manual valves.
  • the device of the invention operates in the following manner: detection of the fire by an appropriate means for example detection from the operator by camera, or by infrared which can be preceded or confirmed by a smoke and / or thermal detection.
  • the various detection means installed from one end to the other end of the tunnel give the information to the PLC that controls the opening of the zones to be misted, the PLC is programmed so that it opens systematically a section of fog upstream of people and / or vehicles in motion and closes the section downstream as and when advancement which has the advantage of protecting people and property and facilitate and more secure rescue intervention.
  • the device also provides for the installation of nozzles installed in the upper part of the tunnel, but the nozzles would be used only by the emergency services, when they would find it useful.
  • controller is programmed to implement the means for pressurizing and supplying water to the device.
  • the device provides that the user of the tunnel has the ability to trigger the water fog at the bottom of the tunnel by pressing one of the "punches” that will be arranged along the tunnel at a suitable distance.
  • a tunnel equipped with a device comprising: one or more main pipes which pass through the tunnel from one end to the other (1), secondary lines ( 2) connected in branches (3) of or main lines, solenoid valves (6) of the manual valves (16) of the water mist nozzles (4) installed on bypass tees (5) and located about 2 meters from height in the lower part of the tunnel on the secondary pipes and distributed to allow the water mist to cover only the lower part of the tunnel to prevent fumes from descending.
  • the device can operate manually, but it is possible and even advisable to operate it remotely automatically, or through an operator, in this case the device also comprises: a solenoid valve (6) controlled by a punch (17) and / or by a an automaton (8) and / or by an operator (18) remotely via an electric or optical or radio wire network (7), infrared, thermocouple (9), thermobelocimetric (10) and / or smoke detectors (11).
  • a non-pressurized tank, (14) a thermal and / or low or high pressure electric pumping unit (12) controlled by an automaton, a pressurized tank (13) controlled by an automaton .
  • Another possibility would be the installation of a reservoir at a height sufficient to supply the main network. It is also possible to install nozzles in the upper part of the tunnel which could only be used by the emergency services, and when the danger created by the fumes would be eliminated (15). There is a set of valves and valves enabling the connection to be made. from the device to the fire network when it exists, as well as the manual operation of the device, likewise the appropriate frost protection is provided, either by antifreeze, insulator or heater if necessary. It is of course possible to connect to the device, an additive injection system, either against fire or against pollution by chemical, a neutralizer for example, if necessary.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Verfahren zum Schutz vor den Auswirkungen eines Brandes und/oder von Giftstoffen in einem Tunnel, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es einen Schritt umfasst, welcher darin besteht, begrenzt auf den unteren Teil des Tunnels in einer vom Boden ausgehend auf ungefähr 2 Meter beschränkten Höhe Wassernebel zu erzeugen.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Nebel über die Gesamt länge des Tunnels erzeugt wird.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Nebel sequentiell über die Länge des Tunnels erzeugt wird.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abfolge der Erzeugung des Nebels in Abhängigkeit von dem Brandbereich in dem Tunnel bestimmt wird.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Nebel so erzeugt wird, dass die aus Wassertröpfchen bestehende Wolke entlang des Brandbereichs die untere Hälfte des Tunnels einnimmt.
  6. Tunnel, der mit einer Schutzvorrichtung gegen die Auswirkungen eines Brandes und/oder von Giftstoffen ausgestattet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schutzvorrichtung Mittel (1-17) zum Erzeugen eines auf den unteren Teil des Tunnels begrenzten Wassernebels umfasst, wobei diese Mittel Düsen umfassen, welche in ungefähr 2 Metern Höhe des Tunnels installiert sind.
  7. Tunnel nach Anspruch 6. dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel automatische (8-11) und/oder manuelle (16, 17) Elemente zum Steuern der Düsen (4) umfassen.
  8. Tunnel nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Steuerelemente ein Elektroventil (6), welches durch einen Faustschlag (17) und/oder einen Automaten (8) und/oder durch einen Bediener (18) über ein elektrisches oder optisches Leitungsnetzwerk oder Funknetzwerk (7) gesteuert wird, Infrarotdetektoren, Thermokopplerdetektoren (8), Wärmegeschwindigkeitsmessdetektoren (10) und/oder Rauchdetektoren (11) umfassen.
  9. Tunnel nach Ansprüchen 6 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schutzvorrichtung aus einer Entfernung gesteuert werden kann.
  10. Tunnel nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schutzvorrichtung mindestens eine den Tunnel von einem Ende zum anderen durchquerende Hauptkanalisation (1). Nebenkanalisationen (2), die ableitend (3) an den Hauptkanalisationen angeschlossen sind, und Zufuhrventile (6, 16) der Düsen (4) umfasst.
EP01430001A 2001-01-09 2001-01-09 Verfahren und Vorrichtung mit Wassernebel zum Feuerlöschen und/oder zum Einsatz gegen Gifte in Verkehrstunnels Expired - Lifetime EP1221328B1 (de)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE60129290T DE60129290T2 (de) 2001-01-09 2001-01-09 Verfahren und Vorrichtung mit Wassernebel zum Feuerlöschen und/oder zum Einsatz gegen Gifte in Verkehrstunnels
ES01430001T ES2290104T3 (es) 2001-01-09 2001-01-09 Procedimiento y dispositivo que utiliza una niebla de agua para la lucha anti-incendio y/o contra los productos toxicos en un tunel.
AT01430001T ATE366604T1 (de) 2001-01-09 2001-01-09 Verfahren und vorrichtung mit wassernebel zum feuerlöschen und/oder zum einsatz gegen gifte in verkehrstunnels
EP01430001A EP1221328B1 (de) 2001-01-09 2001-01-09 Verfahren und Vorrichtung mit Wassernebel zum Feuerlöschen und/oder zum Einsatz gegen Gifte in Verkehrstunnels

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP01430001A EP1221328B1 (de) 2001-01-09 2001-01-09 Verfahren und Vorrichtung mit Wassernebel zum Feuerlöschen und/oder zum Einsatz gegen Gifte in Verkehrstunnels

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1221328A1 EP1221328A1 (de) 2002-07-10
EP1221328B1 true EP1221328B1 (de) 2007-07-11

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EP01430001A Expired - Lifetime EP1221328B1 (de) 2001-01-09 2001-01-09 Verfahren und Vorrichtung mit Wassernebel zum Feuerlöschen und/oder zum Einsatz gegen Gifte in Verkehrstunnels

Country Status (4)

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EP (1) EP1221328B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE366604T1 (de)
DE (1) DE60129290T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2290104T3 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106581917A (zh) * 2016-11-05 2017-04-26 合肥辰泰安全设备有限责任公司 一种商场灭火系统

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1072289A2 (de) * 1999-07-26 2001-01-31 Josef Burkard Sicherheitsinnenwand für unterirdische Bauwerke, insbesondere Tunnel
WO2001026739A1 (en) * 1999-10-08 2001-04-19 Marioff Corporation Oy Installation for fighting fire
EP1166822A1 (de) * 2000-06-20 2002-01-02 SILVANI ANTINCENDI SpA Verfahren und System zum Löschen von Bränden in Tunneln

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI932135A0 (fi) * 1993-05-11 1993-05-11 Goeran Sundholm Foerfarande och anlaeggning foer brandbekaempning
DE29911569U1 (de) * 1999-07-02 1999-09-30 Heck, Jürgen, 53359 Rheinbach Automatisches Brandschutzsystem für Verkehrstunnels

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1072289A2 (de) * 1999-07-26 2001-01-31 Josef Burkard Sicherheitsinnenwand für unterirdische Bauwerke, insbesondere Tunnel
WO2001026739A1 (en) * 1999-10-08 2001-04-19 Marioff Corporation Oy Installation for fighting fire
EP1166822A1 (de) * 2000-06-20 2002-01-02 SILVANI ANTINCENDI SpA Verfahren und System zum Löschen von Bränden in Tunneln

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE60129290T2 (de) 2008-02-14
EP1221328A1 (de) 2002-07-10
ES2290104T3 (es) 2008-02-16
DE60129290D1 (de) 2007-08-23
ATE366604T1 (de) 2007-08-15

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