EP1233648A2 - Transducteur électroacoustique - Google Patents

Transducteur électroacoustique Download PDF

Info

Publication number: EP1233648A2
Authority: EP; European Patent Office
Prior art keywords: electrode; membrane; microphone; capsule; electrostatic
Prior art date: 2001-02-14
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Granted

Application number

EP01890336A

Other languages

German (de)

English (en)

Other versions

EP1233648A3 (fr

EP1233648B1 (fr

Inventor

Gino Dipl.-Ing. Pavlovic

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

AKG Acoustics GmbH

Original Assignee

AKG Acoustics GmbH

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

2001-02-14

Filing date

2001-12-12

Publication date

2002-08-21

2001-12-12 Application filed by AKG Acoustics GmbH filed Critical AKG Acoustics GmbH

2001-12-12 Priority to AT01890336T priority Critical patent/ATE413786T1/de

2002-08-21 Publication of EP1233648A2 publication Critical patent/EP1233648A2/fr

2006-09-20 Publication of EP1233648A3 publication Critical patent/EP1233648A3/fr

2008-11-05 Application granted granted Critical

2008-11-05 Publication of EP1233648B1 publication Critical patent/EP1233648B1/fr

2021-12-12 Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Status Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Images

Classifications

- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R19/00—Electrostatic transducers
- H04R19/04—Microphones

Definitions

the invention relates to electroacoustic transducers that operate as sound pickups Find application in microphone capsule and work on an electrostatic basis. Such Regardless of their physical mode of operation, transducers have a membrane, which is exposed to the sound field and directly excited to vibrate by it becomes.
the object of the invention is thus an electrostatic microphone.
the electrodes of the electrostatic transducers are an elastic, tensioned membrane and one rigid electrode, which is usually only called the electrode. They both form a capacitor whose capacity changes due to pressure fluctuations in the sound field. Between an electrical field is built up in the electrodes of the electrostatic converter, it is possible the capacity changes of the converter with the help of a downstream amplifier convert into electrical voltage changes.
both have listed Types of electrostatic sound recorders have one major disadvantage: they are against humidity sensitive. There, electrically seen, the capacitor described above high impedance, it is absolutely necessary for a successful electroacoustic conversion, that the first stage of the downstream amplifier is also designed with high impedance is. It is obvious that increased humidity in high-resistance electrical devices poses a great risk to their reliability. a 100% protection of the amplifier against negative influences of the air humidity is through to achieve consistent application of the known stripping measures. there is successfully prevented by sealing with different types of varnish that the air humidity can adversely affect the electrical properties of the amplifier. at the capsule is much more complicated to protect against moisture.
the only direct one The insulating distance between the electrodes of the capacitor is the spacer ring.
An increased Air humidity causes precipitation that is negative in the area of the spacer ring affects the quality of the isolation path and affects the operation of the microphone makes unpleasant pattering noise noticeable.
the aim of the invention is to provide better protection than hitherto against the risk of a short circuit between the electrodes of a microphone of the type mentioned at high Secure moisture in the environment without reducing the size of the microphone capsule or the manufacturing costs for them increase significantly.
these goals are achieved in that on the rigid electrode, preferably on the side facing away from the membrane, at least one electrical resistance arranged, preferably glued, with the during operation of the microphone is connected to a voltage source.
the rigid electrode and thus its edge area and so the sensitive area of the membrane holder by a few fractions of a degree above the ambient temperature warms up, which is enough to reliably prevent condensation. Since a cavity is always provided at the back of the electrode, which consists of The dimensions of the. Are absolutely necessary for acoustic adjustment Capsule not changed.
the power supply is not a problem and can be done through its own lines, yes hardly any power has to be transmitted and which can therefore be made thin, respectively.
microphones that work on an electrostatic basis require a voltage source for the power supply of the amplifier downstream of the capsule, which in turn either from its own battery supply device or from a so-called phantom power (mixer) is provided. This phantom power too can be used to operate the resistor.
Fig. 1 shows a conventional electrostatic converter in section.
a membrane 1 is inserted into the capsule carrier 3 with the aid of a membrane ring 2.
the spacer ring 4 holds the membrane 1 and the electrode 5 at a small distance of about 40 microns or less from each other and is made of an electrically good insulating material, preferably a film, made.
the invention can be seen from FIG. 2. Part of the electrode 5 is greatly enlarged shown. An electrical resistor 7 is attached to the electrode and is connected to a voltage source connected. Its function is to heat the electrode 5. To the To achieve or prevent precipitation of water vapor in a targeted manner Water vapor "contaminated" environment necessary and sufficient, a small Temperature difference of just a few tenths of a degree Celsius between two areas or components to accomplish.
the microphone capsule Since the microphone capsule is built into a microphone housing, and it with a mesh basket Protected from mechanical damage, it is easy to find such a temperature difference between the inside of the capsule and the microphone housing or the mesh cap to reach. This prevents condensation in the capsule and the Capsule is reliably protected against the moisture in the air.
a preferred variant of the invention provides an electrical control circuit, which allows a predefined temperature difference even when the outside temperatures are very different between the inside of the capsule and the microphone housing upright receive or create.
a control loop is in the knowledge of the invention for the Expert easy to design.
an electrical resistance with known temperature sensitivity can be arranged outside the capsule.
the size this resistance and the size of the heating resistor on the electrode are in Operation periodically or continuously compared.
the current through the heating resistor is changed until the desired temperature difference is reached. So on the one hand the capsule from overheating protected, on the other hand minimizes power consumption and also protects against moisture guaranteed over a wide range of ambient temperature.
any ohmic resistance can be used as the heating resistor 7, preferably are especially with the last-mentioned variant of the invention with resistors known temperature coefficient used.
As an adhesive all come in the Electrical engineering usual adhesives in question, knowing the composition of the used electrode 5 and the resistor 7, the expert can easily choose to meet.

Landscapes

Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
Signal Processing (AREA)
Electrostatic, Electromagnetic, Magneto- Strictive, And Variable-Resistance Transducers (AREA)
Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)
Piezo-Electric Transducers For Audible Bands (AREA)
Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
Glass Compositions (AREA)
Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)

EP01890336A 2001-02-14 2001-12-12 Transducteur électroacoustique Expired - Lifetime EP1233648B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
AT01890336T ATE413786T1 (de)	2001-02-14	2001-12-12	Elektroakustischer wandler

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
AT0022701A AT413922B (de)	2001-02-14	2001-02-14	Elektroakustischer wandler
AT2272001		2001-02-14

Publications (3)

Publication Number	Publication Date
EP1233648A2 true EP1233648A2 (fr)	2002-08-21
EP1233648A3 EP1233648A3 (fr)	2006-09-20
EP1233648B1 EP1233648B1 (fr)	2008-11-05

Family

ID=3669899

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
EP01890336A Expired - Lifetime EP1233648B1 (fr)	2001-02-14	2001-12-12	Transducteur électroacoustique

Country Status (6)

Country	Link
US (1)	US6792123B2 (fr)
EP (1)	EP1233648B1 (fr)
JP (1)	JP4038051B2 (fr)
CN (1)	CN1248543C (fr)
AT (2)	AT413922B (fr)
DE (1)	DE50114468D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
AT410498B (de) *	2001-02-20	2003-05-26	Akg Acoustics Gmbh	Elektroakustische kapsel
JP2005244427A (ja) *	2004-02-25	2005-09-08	Audio Technica Corp	単一指向性コンデンサマイクロホンユニット
JP4802985B2 (ja) *	2006-11-07	2011-10-26	ヤマハ株式会社	スピーカ
US9716934B2 (en) *	2015-04-24	2017-07-25	Apple Inc.	Liquid ingress-redirecting acoustic device reservoir
CN113132854B (zh) *	2019-12-30	2025-01-28	楼氏电子(苏州)有限公司	微机电系统换能器和麦克风组件
US11638079B1 (en)	2020-07-31	2023-04-25	Waymo Llc	External microphone heater

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US2115129A (en) *	1935-06-08	1938-04-26	Telefunken Gmbh	Loudspeaker
NL7313455A (nl) *	1973-10-01	1975-04-03	Philips Nv	Mikrofoon met elektrostatische capsule.
US4450929A (en) *	1980-05-09	1984-05-29	Marrs Ralph E	Acoustic energy systems
JP3371045B2 (ja) *	1994-12-26	2003-01-27	株式会社オーディオテクニカ	コンデンサマイクロホン

2001
- 2001-02-14 AT AT0022701A patent/AT413922B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-12-12 DE DE50114468T patent/DE50114468D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-12-12 EP EP01890336A patent/EP1233648B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-12-12 AT AT01890336T patent/ATE413786T1/de active
2002
- 2002-01-29 CN CNB021032157A patent/CN1248543C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-02-01 JP JP2002025473A patent/JP4038051B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-02-08 US US10/071,038 patent/US6792123B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
JP2002271899A (ja)	2002-09-20
CN1248543C (zh)	2006-03-29
EP1233648A3 (fr)	2006-09-20
JP4038051B2 (ja)	2008-01-23
ATA2272001A (de)	2005-10-15
US20020110254A1 (en)	2002-08-15
ATE413786T1 (de)	2008-11-15
EP1233648B1 (fr)	2008-11-05
DE50114468D1 (de)	2008-12-18
AT413922B (de)	2006-07-15
US6792123B2 (en)	2004-09-14
CN1371234A (zh)	2002-09-25

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2007-05-23	AKX	Designation fees paid	Designated state(s): AT DE FR GB IT
2007-05-30	17Q	First examination report despatched	Effective date: 20070425
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Publication	Publication Date	Title
DE2913772C3 (de)	1982-03-25	Halbleiter-Druckwandler
DE69215599T2 (de)	1997-06-19	Biegsame piezoelektrische Vorrichtung
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