Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
  • H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
  • H01T1/14—Means structurally associated with spark gap for protecting it against overload or for disconnecting it in case of failure

Definitions

• the invention is in the field of surge protection for communication networks and is concerned with the design of the power supply elements to the electrodes of a gas-filled surge arrester.
• gas-filled surge arresters are used in communication networks and the associated devices, which have one or two or three discharge paths and for this purpose consist of two end electrodes and possibly a further electrode in the form of a central electrode and one or two hollow cylindrical ceramic insulators.
• the ceramic insulator is usually soldered to the end electrodes on the face (US 4,266,260 A), in the case of three-electrode surge arresters, the ceramic insulators are either on the circumference or on the face both with the center electrode and with one each End electrode soldered (US 3,885,203 A, US
• the electrodes are contacted on their outer circumference either within a housing with the aid of resilient clamps or with the aid of connecting wires which are soldered or welded to one electrode tangentially, radially or axially at one end and which are welded at their other end are provided with a plug-in contact element or are designed for soldering (US 4,212,047, US 4,984,125 A).
• a plug-in contact element or are designed for soldering US 4,212,047, US 4,984,125 A.
• Riveting or ultrasonic welding can also be considered as an inseparable tension lock.
• the band-like clamps can also be designed so wide that they enclose not only the electrically conductive foot region of the respective end electrode but also the subsequent ceramic insulator in each case over a part of its axial length. This can have a positive influence on the electrical behavior of the surge arrester (DE 196 41 385 AI / US 5,768,082 A).
• each clamp associated with an end electrode is designed to be resilient in the circumferential direction. This can be achieved, for example, by providing the clamp with a two-leg, bracket-like bulge.
• the clamp can also be given the shape of a cap which has a hollow cylindrical edge region and a planar cover region provided with a central opening, the edge region being provided on the periphery with a plurality of bead-like impressions which bear against the foot part of the respective end electrode.
• the electrical connection of the respective end electrode can be prefabricated as part of an automatic production process and can also be pushed onto the respective end electrode.
• the spring tension of the clamp is sufficient to ensure reliable contacting of the respective end electrode under normal and medium current loads.
• a clamp designed according to the invention can also perform other functions if it is used with three-electrode
• the clamp can be placed on the surge arrester in such a way that it axially projects beyond the base of the respective end electrode by a certain length.
• This protruding area of the clamp can be assigned parts of a short-circuit device electrically connected to the center electrode, and optionally also parts of an auxiliary discharge path electrically connected in parallel with the gas discharge path.
• the clamp can be assigned parts of a short-circuit device electrically connected to the center electrode, and optionally also parts of an auxiliary discharge path electrically connected in parallel with the gas discharge path.
• the clamp can still be provided with a disk-shaped auxiliary electrode. arrange, the diameter of which is at least equal to the outer diameter of the clamp and which is held at a distance from the edge of the clamp by means of the melting disk and the spacer and is pressed against the spacer by means of a spring.
• This spring can be a known spring clip (US 4,984,125, Fig. 1). But you can also use a spiral spring or a spring washer, which is fixed by means of a U-shaped bracket attached to the center electrode.
• the spacer holding the disk-shaped auxiliary electrode at a distance from the edge of the clamp can be an insulating body or - preferably - a varistor in a known manner (see US Pat. No. 5,388,023, FIG. 1).
• a cap-like auxiliary electrode (similar to US Pat. No. 5,633,777, FIG. 3, part 37 and US Pat. No. 5,388,023, FIG. 1, part 15) can also be provided, which is under the action of a spring clip electrically connected to the central electrode and those with their edge in the area formed by the protruding area of the clamp
• the short-circuiting device is formed by the flat top surface of the cap and by the free end of a spring clip which engages in the central opening of the cap, the short-circuiting device being formed by the flat top surface of the cap and by the free in the center opening of the
• Cap engaging end of a spring clip connected to the center electrode is formed, the free end of the spring clip by means of a melting disc and the auxiliary discharge. tion path, which are arranged within the cap
• the auxiliary discharge path consists of a varistor, which is arranged in isolation by means of the insulating centering piece.
• a perforated mica foil can also serve as an auxiliary discharge path, on which the melting disk lies against the cap in an insulated manner.
• FIGS. 1 to 8 Several exemplary embodiments of surge arresters designed according to the invention are shown in FIGS. 1 to 8. It shows
• FIG. 1 shows a three-electrode arrester with the clamps associated with the end electrodes of a first embodiment
• FIG. 2 shows a two-electrode arrester with the clamps associated with the two electrodes of a first embodiment
• FIG. 3 shows a partial view of a three-electrode arrester with clamps according to FIG 1 and with the short-circuit device associated with an end electrode, which is combined with an auxiliary discharge path
• FIG. 4 shows a variant of FIG. 3 with an auxiliary electrode designed as a cap
• FIG. 5 shows a variant of FIG. 3 with a rigid retaining bracket for the short-circuit device and a spring washer assigned to the auxiliary electrode.
• FIG. 6 shows a two-electrode arrester with a clamp to be assigned in a second embodiment
• Figure 7 shows a three-electrode arrester with clamps associated with the end electrodes in the form of a cap and 8 shows a partial view of a three-electrode arrester with clamps according to FIG. 7 and with the short-circuit device associated with an end electrode, which is combined with an auxiliary discharge path.
• Figure 1 shows a basic representation of a three-electrode arrester 1, which has the two ceramic insulators 11 and 12 on both sides of a central electrode 13 and on whose one end electrode, not shown, an electrical connection in the form of a tight-fitting clamp 2 is placed.
• a similar clamp 2 is shown next to the end electrode 14.
• This clamp which consists of an annular metal band 21, the ends of which are soldered or welded to a connection 22, is provided on the circumference, approximately opposite to the connection 22, with a two-legged, clamp-like bulge 23, so that the clamp 2 in catch direction is resilient.
• the clamp can be pushed onto the flange-like foot part 15 of the end electrode 14, the dimensions of the foot part 15 of the end electrode 14 and the clamp 2 being chosen so that there is sufficient contact pressure.
• the diameter of the foot part 15 should be slightly larger than the diameter of the ceramic insulator 11 or 12.
• FIG. 2 shows a two-electrode arrester which has a ceramic insulator 31, a first end electrode 33 and a second end electrode (not shown in more detail), a spring-elastic clamp 2 being placed on each end electrode.
• FIG. 3 shows a section of a three-electrode arrester according to FIG. 1, which is supplemented by a short-circuit device and combined with auxiliary discharge paths.
• Part of the surface of the ceramic insulator 12 includes, but also protrudes axially beyond the end electrode 14. This forms a cylindrical space in which a disc 4 made of a fusible material and a spacer 5 in the form of a varistor are arranged, the spacer 5 being arranged centered within the clamp 24 by means of a rubber-like ring 6.
• the assembly consisting of melting disk 4 and vario-sturgeon 5 is also assigned a disk-shaped, centrally perforated auxiliary electrode 7, which rests on the spacer / varistor 5 and is held by means of the free end of a spring clip 8 fixed to the center electrode 13. - In the event of an overload, the melting disk 4 melts, whereupon the auxiliary electrode 7 contacts the edge of the clamp 24.
• FIG. 4 shows a variant of FIG. 3, the essential difference being that instead of a disk-shaped auxiliary electrode, a cap-shaped auxiliary electrode 84 is provided, in which a melting disk 41 and a spacer / varistor 5 are arranged and the edge 85 of which is within the outstanding one Area of the clamp 24 faces the foot part 15 of the end electrode.
• the auxiliary electrode 84 is centered by means of an insulating ring 10 and is kept isolated from the clamp 24 at a distance.
• FIG. 5 shows another variant of FIG. 3, the essential difference being that the contact to the center electrode 13 is made via a non-resilient, U-shaped bracket 82 which presses a spring washer 83 against the auxiliary electrode 71.
• the spring washer - shown in the relaxed state to the right of the Abieiter - lies on the ben-shaped auxiliary electrode 71, which is provided on both sides with centering surfaces 72 and 73 for the central assignment of the spring washer 83 and for the central assignment of the 7 spacer / varistor 5 within the projecting area of the clamp 24.
• FIG. 6 shows a two-electrode arrester 3 with ceramic insulator 31 and end electrodes 33 and 34, with each end electrode being assigned a clamp 25 in the form of a cap with a hollow cylindrical edge region 26 and a flat cover region 27 provided with a central opening 28 .
• the cap 25 is also designed with a power connection 29.
• the cap is provided on the circumference of the edge region 26 with a plurality of point-like or bead-like indentations 30 which, when the cap 25 is pushed onto an end electrode, cause the cap to resiliently rest against the foot region of the respective end electrode and make contact with it.
• FIG. 7 shows a three-electrode arrester 1, on the end electrodes of which a cap 25 is placed. - According to
• FIG. 8 can also be part of a short-circuit device connected to the center electrode 13 and, if appropriate, additionally of an auxiliary discharge path which is electrically connected in parallel with the gas discharge path of the conductor.
• a cap 25 is used with a sufficient height h in order to be able to arrange a melting disk 4 and a spacer 5 within the cap, the spacer being arranged in the form of a varistor using an insulating centering piece 9 in order to prevent a short circuit between the two in the normal operating state prevent free end 84 of the spring clip 8 and the cap 25.

Landscapes

• Fuses (AREA)
• Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
• Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
• Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=7911981

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Families Citing this family (9)

Family Cites Families (17)

• 1999
  • 1999-06-16 DE DE19928322A patent/DE19928322A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2000
  • 2000-06-07 US US10/018,442 patent/US6724605B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2000-06-07 DE DE50014594T patent/DE50014594D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-06-07 JP JP2001504051A patent/JP2003502811A/ja not_active Withdrawn
  • 2000-06-07 EP EP00945608A patent/EP1234361B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-06-07 WO PCT/DE2000/001862 patent/WO2000077900A2/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2000-06-07 CA CA002376905A patent/CA2376905A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 2000-06-07 AT AT00945608T patent/ATE371284T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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