EP1247901A2 - Selle de glissement pour aiguillages ferroviaires - Google Patents

Selle de glissement pour aiguillages ferroviaires Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1247901A2
EP1247901A2 EP02003512A EP02003512A EP1247901A2 EP 1247901 A2 EP1247901 A2 EP 1247901A2 EP 02003512 A EP02003512 A EP 02003512A EP 02003512 A EP02003512 A EP 02003512A EP 1247901 A2 EP1247901 A2 EP 1247901A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sliding plate
plate according
sliding
plastic material
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02003512A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1247901A3 (fr
EP1247901B1 (fr
Inventor
Wilfried Ensinger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ensinger Kunststofftechnologie GbR
Original Assignee
Ensinger Eva Maria
Ensinger Klaus
Ensinger Martha
Ensinger Thomas
Holzberger Edith
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ensinger Eva Maria, Ensinger Klaus, Ensinger Martha, Ensinger Thomas, Holzberger Edith filed Critical Ensinger Eva Maria
Publication of EP1247901A2 publication Critical patent/EP1247901A2/fr
Publication of EP1247901A3 publication Critical patent/EP1247901A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1247901B1 publication Critical patent/EP1247901B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B7/00—Switches; Crossings
    • E01B7/02—Tongues; Associated constructions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plastic sliding plate for rail switches, which a switch chair which is interchangeably mounted and a gliding plane defined for a switch tongue.
  • Such sliding plates are known for example from DE 26 31 594.
  • the sliding plates that were previously only used in part and are still in use today made of metal require regular maintenance, mainly an in certain time intervals to be repeated to lubricate the for the shift the necessary forces resting on the slide plate to keep it as small as possible.
  • the lubrication also serves as protection against corrosion the metallic switch slide plates, which are mostly made of steel.
  • the applied lubricating film encrusts over time due to environmental influences and thus reduces the operational safety of the switch.
  • the crusty greasy film must therefore be removed from time to time with special cleaning devices.
  • This regular maintenance and cleaning work requires a considerable amount Personnel and cost expenditure and also pose a significant risk for the maintenance personnel, since they are constantly in the maintenance and cleaning area Trains run on the rails.
  • the known plastic sliding plates bring in compared to the metal sliding plates Significant improvement in freedom from maintenance.
  • the turnout drives designed for pivoting the switch tongues with only a small reserve so that worn sliding plates or switch tongues sunken into the sliding plates question reliable switch operation. This then means a unacceptable security risk, which can only be avoided by premature Replacing the sliding plates can counteract.
  • an extension of the Maintenance and replacement intervals are expected, especially for new build and High-speed routes where the necessary infrastructure (train stations) is far away, extremely long distances for maintenance and repair and the risk for maintenance personnel is particularly high.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore that described at the outset To further develop plastic sliding plates so that they meet today's requirements and safe switch operation possible regardless of the season is.
  • the sliding plate has a mechanically strong support layer and a Wear layer arranged on the carrier layer, which comprises the sliding plane for the switch tongue and which from a first forms the sliding friction reducing plastic material is made.
  • the two- or multi-layer structure of the sliding plate allows the wear layer optimal in their function, namely sliding friction and wear to decrease when moving the switch tongue in the sliding plane. Considerations such as strength or dimensional stability can largely be excluded here Be considered as this function of the mechanically strong carrier layer is taken over.
  • the backing layer can thus be made of a much cheaper material are manufactured, and the use of very expensive high-performance plastics is restricted on the wear layer.
  • the two- or multi-layer structure of the sliding plates according to the invention allows additional functions of the sliding plates or their layers as well Adjustments to the respective place of use, which add up to another Improve the function of the slide plate.
  • the base layer can also serve as a shock-absorbing layer Layer are formed.
  • the required mechanical strength the sliding plate then results from the combination of wear and tear Support layer.
  • the mechanically strong carrier layer is preferably formed by a metal plate, for example of the first plastic material that reduces sliding friction can be encased or positively connected to it can.
  • the carrier layer can only be on its upper side, i. H. on the in assembled state facing the switch tongue, with the first, the sliding friction reducing plastic material.
  • the carrier layer is also formed accordingly solid second plastic materials such as polyamide (PA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyoxymethylene (POM), polyphenylene sulfides (PPS), polypropylene (PP) and blends.
  • Prefers are such plastics that are injection molded in two or more components or coextrusion process a good material connection with the two layers.
  • Another improvement in mechanical strength in the second plastic material is achieved through the use of reinforcements, especially fiber reinforcements, achieved.
  • the carrier layer itself can again be subdivided into a base layer, which for example consists of a third Plastic material can be formed, being incorporated into the base layer sectoral reinforcement elements ultimately for the mechanical strength of the Carrier layer, especially its dimensional stability, responsible.
  • a base layer which for example consists of a third Plastic material can be formed, being incorporated into the base layer sectoral reinforcement elements ultimately for the mechanical strength of the Carrier layer, especially its dimensional stability, responsible.
  • a shock absorbing layer can be provided, which one Damping the pulsed or oscillating forces on the slide plate serve.
  • the shock-absorbing layer is preferably below the carrier layer be arranged or coat the underside so that acting Forces do not act selectively on the damping layer, but over a larger one Surface transferred through the mechanically stable and dimensionally stable carrier layer become.
  • Suitable materials for producing the shock-absorbing layer especially polyurethanes or elastomers in general.
  • the wear layer is on their surface forming the sliding plane a plurality of arranged in parallel Include grooves. These grooves preferably face the longitudinal direction of the displacement direction the switch tongue at an acute angle.
  • the first Plastic material a polymer forming a matrix and one in the matrix dispersed fluorocarbon polymer, the fluorocarbon polymer is chemically coupled to the matrix polymer.
  • the matrix polymer can be selected from a wide range of polymers, and the preferred matrix polymers are selected from polyamides, polyesters, in particular polyethylene terephthalates and polybutylene terephthalates, Polyphenylene sulfones, polyacetals, thermoplastic polyurethanes and / or Polyether ether ketones.
  • polyamide is used as the matrix polymer and polytetrafluoroethylene is obtained in the coupling of radiation via electron radiation
  • Carboxylic acid groups on polytetrafluoroethylene polymers when electron irradiation in the presence of oxygen.
  • these carboxylic acid groups have such a reactivity, that by umamidation PTFE-polyamide block copolymers are formed, which in Comparison to material combinations in which unirradiated PTFE and polyamide exist side by side, achieve a much higher level of strength.
  • Preferred sliding plates indicate the proportion in the first plastic material Fluorocarbon polymers further increase sliding friction and wear reducing additives.
  • MoS 2 graphite, boron nitride, polyimides, polyphenylene sulfides, waxes, oils and fats are preferred among such additives.
  • preferred Reinforcing fabrics are selected from short and / or long fibers Glass, carbon, keflar, metal, hemp and flax.
  • the first plastic material of the sliding plate according to the invention can also contain filler, in order to optimize the material price.
  • Suitable fillers for the first plastic material of the sliding plate are e.g. B. kaolin, talc, calcium carbonate, silicon carbide, wollastonite, mica or TiO 2 .
  • the first plastic material of the invention Sliding plate includes a so-called impact modifier, wherein this is mainly used when extremely low ambient temperatures are expected in operation.
  • a rail 12 in a conventional manner on sleepers 14 made of wood, concrete or some other material is essential part of the switch 10 .
  • a switch tongue 16 which (not.) shown) in a conventional manner, for example with the aid of a drive motor, can be moved back and forth between an open and a closed position is. The closed position is shown in FIG.
  • the switch tongue 16 slides on switch chairs 18, each with a plate-shaped attached to the sleepers 14 Pad 20 are connected.
  • switch chair 18 and pad 20 made of steel.
  • the surface of the switch chair 18, which is the sliding plane for the Defined switch tongue 16 is formed by a plastic covering 22, hereinafter called plastic sliding plate according to the invention.
  • the plastic sliding plates 22 are attached to the switch chair 18, as described in detail in DE 26 31 594 B1.
  • Figure 2 shows a sectional view of the switch 10 with the rail 12 and Switch tongue 16, mounted on a threshold 24. At the point of the rail switch 10 in the area of the threshold 24, the switch tongue 16 is not on the head the rail 12, but keeps a distance from it. While the sectional view 1 shows the arrangement of the switch tongue 16 compared to the Rail 12 shows in a region of the free end of the switch tongue 16 is the Sectional view of Figure 2 at a point along the length of the switch tongue 16 shown, in which this (also in the closed position of the switch 10) one Keeps distance from the rail 12.
  • FIG. 2 also shows how the switch tongue 16 changes due to the Shear forces A can twist, so that no longer the entire lower surface with which the switch tongue 16 rests on the plastic sliding plate 22, but this acts with a lower edge 28 concentrated on the plastic sliding plate 22.
  • Figure 3 shows a sectional view through a switch chair 18a, which on the Sectional view along line III-III in Figure 1 corresponds.
  • both sliding plates 22a have a trapezoidal shape and grip with edge areas in dovetail guides of the switch chair 18a and are fixed in the switch chair 18a. After inserting the slide plates 22a becomes a stop plate on the rear side (right side in FIG. 1) 27 mounted, the inadvertent sliding out of the sliding plates 22a prevented during a displacement movement of the switch tongue 16.
  • Figure 4 shows an alternative design of the slide plate to Figure 3, where a Turnout chair 18b is designed to receive a single slide plate 22b, which in turn, as shown in the example of the sliding plates of FIG. 3, also has a trapezoidal cross section.
  • This slide plate 22b can be in the inserted position via a stop plate 27 (see FIG. 1) to back up.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 are only schematic in nature and show not yet the structure of the sliding plates 22, 22a and 22b according to the invention. This will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings of Figures 5 to 7.
  • Figure 5 shows a plan view of a slide plate 18 according to the invention, the edges 30, 31 and 32 are bevelled so that, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, can engage in a dovetail guide.
  • the sliding plate 22 defines a sliding plane with its surface 36 into which it is parallel running grooves 34 are embedded.
  • the grooves 34 preferably run, as shown in FIG. 5, at an acute angle to Longitudinal direction of the slide plate 22 and thus allow for a sliding movement the switch tongue 16, which is substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the slide plate 22 takes place, the stripping of dirt particles that are on the surface 36 of the slide plate 22 accumulate into the grooves 34. With that they are Dirt particles are removed from the surface 36 and hinder the movement by increasing the sliding resistance when the tongue 16 moves the surface 36 no longer.
  • FIG. 6A A first embodiment of the slide plate according to the invention is shown in FIG. 6A shown, which is composed of two layers or layers, namely a sliding or wear layer 38 and a carrier layer 39.
  • the sliding layer 38 is optimized in its composition so that the lowest possible Sliding resistance between the surface 36 and the switch tongue 16 when switching the switch exists while more or less independent of it the material of the carrier layer 39 can be selected which is suitable for the mechanical Strength and in particular dimensional stability of the sliding plate 22 provides.
  • the backing layer can also serve as a shock-absorbing layer at lower loads Layer are formed, with the necessary mechanical strength the sliding plate results from the combination of wear and carrier layer.
  • FIG. 6B A variant of this is shown in FIG. 6B, in which in turn the entire surface 36 is formed by a wear or sliding layer 40 during the construction of the Backing layer a base layer 42 and reinforcing elements incorporated therein 41 includes.
  • the reinforcement elements the material is selected so that the reinforcing elements for the necessary mechanical strength and form stability of the sliding plate.
  • the material of the base layer 42 can be selected from other points of view, since this is only the reinforcement elements has to keep stationary.
  • the base layer 42 in addition to their holding function for the reinforcing elements 41 perform shock-absorbing function.
  • FIG. 6C Another embodiment of the slide plate according to the invention is shown in FIG. 6C shown, in which in turn the surface 36 of a sliding or wear layer 44 is formed. This sliding and wear layer is on a carrier layer 45 applied, which is responsible for the mechanical strength of the sliding plate 22 as well as their dimensional stability.
  • the third layer is a shock-absorbing layer 46 present, which together with the sliding layer 44, the carrier layer 45 sandwich embeds.
  • FIG. 6D shows a variant of the sliding plate of FIG. 6B, where in the base layer 42 a metallic perforated plate 41 'as a reinforcing element is embedded.
  • Figure 7 shows a longitudinal section through the slide plate 22 of Figure 5, here another variant compared to the embodiments of FIGS. 6A to 6D will be added.
  • the surface 36 is again formed by a sliding or wear layer 48, into which, as shown in FIG. 5, grooves 34 are incorporated.
  • the sliding or wear layer is held on a carrier layer 49 which ensures the mechanical strength of the sliding plate and which also guarantees the dimensional stability of the sliding plate.
  • the carrier layer 49 has one flat recess in which a shock-absorbing layer 50 is added is.
  • This sector which is arranged adjacent to the edge region 32, sweeps approximately the area on which the switch tongue 16 with its foot in closed state of the switch resting on the slide plate 22. This means, that in the embodiment according to FIG. 7 shock-absorbing material the underside of the carrier layer 49 is arranged only where oscillating Forces are applied to the surface 36 of the slide plate 22.
  • Plastic material used which has a matrix polymer, in which a Fluorocarbon polymer is incorporated dispersed, preferably the fluorocarbon polymer is chemically coupled to the matrix polymer is.
  • this is in the figures shown wear or sliding layer of the sliding plate made of a polyamide 6.6 as Matrix polymer in which a polytetrafluoroethylene is incorporated dispersed.
  • the PTFE material chemically attached to the matrix polymer polyamide 6.6 coupled, whereby the in Figure 8 depending on the PTFE mass fraction shown advantage with respect to the increase in the relative yield stress (improved mechanical property) results.
  • the upper curve shows the chemically coupled material, the lower curve shows the case where the Polyamide 6.6 and PTFE are present side by side without coupling.
  • FIG. 9 shows the development of the elastic modulus in the case with and without chemical coupling of polyamide 6.6 and PTFE in one Range of PTFE mass fractions from 0 to 50% shows.
  • FIG. 10 makes it clear that, in particular, the prolonged use of the Sliding plates only have a slightly increasing increase in the coefficient of sliding friction results in chemically coupled PA 6.6-PTFE materials, while in chemically uncoupled materials initially a similar coefficient of sliding friction is obtained, however, over the period of use of the Sliding plate rises drastically and thus the changeover forces of the switch tongue considerably elevated.
  • a sliding plate with polyamide is used as a matrix polymer in one place, where extremely low ambient temperatures are expected, preference is given to an EPDM material finely dispersed in the matrix of the first plastic material used as an impact modifier.
  • the proportions of the EPDM impact modifier can be up to 10% by weight.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Slide Switches (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Railway Tracks (AREA)
  • Bearings For Parts Moving Linearly (AREA)
EP02003512A 2001-04-05 2002-02-15 Selle de glissement pour aiguillages ferroviaires Expired - Lifetime EP1247901B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10116991 2001-04-05
DE10116991A DE10116991A1 (de) 2001-04-05 2001-04-05 Gleitplatte für Schienenweichen

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1247901A2 true EP1247901A2 (fr) 2002-10-09
EP1247901A3 EP1247901A3 (fr) 2003-09-17
EP1247901B1 EP1247901B1 (fr) 2007-04-11

Family

ID=7680501

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02003512A Expired - Lifetime EP1247901B1 (fr) 2001-04-05 2002-02-15 Selle de glissement pour aiguillages ferroviaires

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1247901B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE359400T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10116991A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK1247901T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2283477T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT1247901E (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8696205B2 (en) 2007-07-17 2014-04-15 Cvi Engineering S.R.L. Sliding bearing for structural engineering and materials therefor
CN105297554A (zh) * 2015-11-06 2016-02-03 中国铁建重工集团有限公司 刚性扣压式滑床板组件及刚性扣压式滑床板

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2631594B1 (de) 1976-07-14 1977-12-29 Wilfried Ensinger Kunststoffgleitbelag fuer Schienenweichen
DE3406726A1 (de) 1984-02-24 1985-08-29 Wilfried 7031 Nufringen Ensinger Kunststoffgleitplatte fuer eine schienenweiche

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
LU75283A1 (fr) * 1976-07-01 1978-02-08
DE2850088A1 (de) * 1978-11-18 1980-05-22 Wilfried Ensinger Kunststoffgleitbelag fuer schienenweichen
DE3916971A1 (de) * 1989-05-24 1990-11-29 Butzbacher Weichenbau Gmbh Gleitstuhl
DE4400434A1 (de) * 1994-01-10 1995-07-13 Continental Ag Kraftübertragungsriemen aus elastomerem Werkstoff mit günstige Gleiteigenschaften aufweisenden Riemenoberflächen

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2631594B1 (de) 1976-07-14 1977-12-29 Wilfried Ensinger Kunststoffgleitbelag fuer Schienenweichen
DE3406726A1 (de) 1984-02-24 1985-08-29 Wilfried 7031 Nufringen Ensinger Kunststoffgleitplatte fuer eine schienenweiche

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8696205B2 (en) 2007-07-17 2014-04-15 Cvi Engineering S.R.L. Sliding bearing for structural engineering and materials therefor
EP2179189B2 (fr) † 2007-07-17 2018-08-15 CVI Engineering S.R.L. Palier lisse pour construction civile et matériaux pour celui-ci
CN105297554A (zh) * 2015-11-06 2016-02-03 中国铁建重工集团有限公司 刚性扣压式滑床板组件及刚性扣压式滑床板

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE359400T1 (de) 2007-05-15
EP1247901A3 (fr) 2003-09-17
DE50209889D1 (de) 2007-05-24
DE10116991A1 (de) 2002-11-07
PT1247901E (pt) 2007-06-18
DK1247901T3 (da) 2007-08-20
ES2283477T3 (es) 2007-11-01
EP1247901B1 (fr) 2007-04-11

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