EP1248162A2 - Unité de préchauffage pour une module de fixage dans un dispositif de reproduction électrostatique - Google Patents

Unité de préchauffage pour une module de fixage dans un dispositif de reproduction électrostatique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1248162A2
EP1248162A2 EP02006506A EP02006506A EP1248162A2 EP 1248162 A2 EP1248162 A2 EP 1248162A2 EP 02006506 A EP02006506 A EP 02006506A EP 02006506 A EP02006506 A EP 02006506A EP 1248162 A2 EP1248162 A2 EP 1248162A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
preheating unit
receiving element
air
transport
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02006506A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1248162A3 (fr
Inventor
Carl I. Bouwens
Andrew Ciaschi
James Raymond Flick
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eastman Kodak Co
Original Assignee
NexPress Solutions LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NexPress Solutions LLC filed Critical NexPress Solutions LLC
Publication of EP1248162A2 publication Critical patent/EP1248162A2/fr
Publication of EP1248162A3 publication Critical patent/EP1248162A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G15/20—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for fixing, e.g. by using heat
    • G03G15/2003—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for fixing, e.g. by using heat using heat

Definitions

  • the invention generally relates to an electrostatographic fixation assembly Reproduction device and in particular a fixing assembly for a electrostatographic reproduction device comprising a preheater.
  • dielectric carrier element In typical commercial reproduction devices (electrographic Copier / Duplicator, Printer etc.) becomes a latent charge pattern on a uniformly charged, charge-maintaining or photoconductive element formed, the has dielectric properties (hereinafter referred to as dielectric carrier element designated). Pigmented marking particles are from the latent charge pattern attracted to develop this image on the dielectric support member. On Receiving element, such as a sheet of paper or foil or another medium, is in Bring contact with the dielectric support member. By means of an electrical The developed marking particle image is generated by the dielectric carrier element transferred to the receiving element. After the transmission, the receiving element, on which the transmitted image is located, away from the dielectric carrier element transported, and the image is on the receiving element by heat and pressure fixed to form a permanent reproduction.
  • An embodiment of a fixation device for typical electrographic Reproduction devices include at least one heating roller made up of a Aluminum core and an elastomer cover layer is built, and at least one Printing roller that forms a nip with the heating roller.
  • the rollers of the fuser are rotated around a receiving element on which there is a marking particle image is to be transported through the gap formed between the rollers.
  • the pigmented marking particles of the transferred image on the surface of the Receiving elements soften under the influence of heat and become sticky. Under The softened, sticky marking particles adhere to one another under pressure and are partly caused by the interstices of the fibers on the surface of the Reception elements added. When cooling, the marking particle image goes into permanent connection with the receiving element.
  • the gloss of a marking particle image depends at least in part the melting properties of the marking particles in the fixing process.
  • the fixing device serves to soften or at least soften the marking particles partially melt. This allows the marking particles in the fibers of the Penetrating receiving elements, so that the marking particles on the receiving element be fixed, whereby a glossy image reproduction can be achieved.
  • the fixing device can include, for example, a heating roller, the marking particles and the Touched receiving element.
  • the individual, multi-colored marking particle images melted by the heating roller and fixed. If the colored marker particle images have not melted sufficiently, Voids may form in the copy, which may affect the color rendering due to the Affect light scattering.
  • the marking particles on the receiving element have no mirror-like surface, the incident light is diffused by reflected from the surface of the marking particles and cannot into the Marking particle layers penetrate, causing the colors on the receiving element appear dark and cloudy. There are therefore low marking particles Melting point used. This leads to the formation of fewer voids and one hard, flat surface, resulting in shiny and vivid colors in the reproduction arise.
  • Marking particles with a low melting point are subject to an increased image offset to the heating roller. This can lead to undesirable errors in playback or in subsequent plays.
  • Such a mechanical arrangement sees one elongate web of material that is heated to the marking particles melt, and which is then cooled to cool the particles and that To be able to easily separate the receiving element, with the marking particle image on the elongated web remains.
  • the way the arrangement of the Elongated web is also used to maintain the gloss of the pinned To increase marker particle image.
  • Such an arrangement is in particular for Fixation of multicolored images is suitable, but not for fixing black images.
  • the invention relates to a preheating device for the fixing assembly Reproduction device that uses hot air to generate heat to be transferred to an image-wise marking particle pattern on a receiving element.
  • the preheater comprises a housing that forms a heating chamber.
  • the Heating chamber forms an opening that is adjacent to the transport path of the Receiving elements is arranged.
  • a heating element is arranged in the housing. It is there is an air flow system that includes a fan and one Distribution chamber in fluid communication between the fan and the heating element stands.
  • An impact chamber is in fluid communication between the Heating element and the impact element, while a return path in There is a flow connection between the opening and the fan. Air from the fan is passed through the heating element and heated, meets with one in the opening Marking particle image provided receiving element and becomes the fan returned, preventing the air from escaping from the chamber.
  • the present invention uses a preheating unit in an electrostatographic Reproduction device for improving the roll fixing properties with respect to Speed and shine.
  • the preheating unit introduces hot air Receiving element on which a marking particle image is arranged, which is thereupon from the Reproduction device has been developed.
  • the following are special features the preheating unit, which enable the practical use of hot air.
  • the hot air is due to these features in the preheating unit, which is in the Essentially the radiation of heat into the environment of the reproduction device prevented. Enclosing the air in the preheating unit maximizes the thermal Efficiency by recirculating the used air after it gets most of it Has given off heat to the image-receiving element.
  • the used air has a lower temperature than the hot air, but is not as cool as that Ambient air.
  • the present invention provides by using a Preheating unit to control the gloss effect and increase the fixing roller speeds, a gloss difference from 30% order and more can be reduced.
  • Fig. 1 shows in schematic form a fixing assembly 10 of an electrostatographic Reproduction device.
  • the fixing assembly 10 comprises a fixing roller 12, the hollow, heat-conducting core made of aluminum or steel with a rubber outer layer is provided.
  • a lamp 14 arranged in the core of the fixing roller 12 gives the roller has the necessary heat so that its temperature is raised to a degree that is required to create an imagewise marking particle pattern on the At least soften the receiving element to the marking particle image on the Fix reception element.
  • an external heat source for the fixing roller 12 can be used.
  • An oiler mechanism 16 is operatively associated with the fuser roller 12 to a Apply separating oil layer to the roller. This release oil coating prevents this Sticking marking particles on the fixing roller 12.
  • a suitable mechanism (not shown) selectively applies a force by a pressure in the gap N between the pressure roller 18 and the fixing roller 12 generate in order to fix the marking particle image on the receiving element cause while the receiving element passes through the gap N.
  • On Cleaning mechanism 20 engages the fixing roller 12 to close the surface thereof clean. If necessary, a similar cleaning mechanism can be provided to engage in the pressure roller 18 and to clean its surface.
  • the receiving element on which an imagewise marking particle pattern is arranged, is opened by a suitable transport arrangement 22, 24 in the direction indicated a path P through the first nip N between the fixing roller 12 and the pressure roller 18 with the aid of a pre-fixing transport unit 22 and a post-fixing transport unit 24 transported.
  • the receiving element transport arrangement 22, 24 has the task of Transport the receiving element in perfect alignment to the fixing gap N. and to be transported away from the fixing gap N in order to achieve an optimal fixing effect.
  • Different transport arrangements are for use with the present Invention suitable, but preferably the prefixing transport unit 22 is one electrostatic web transport unit, and the post-fixing transport unit 24 is one well-known vacuum transport unit.
  • the electrostatic web transport of the prefixing transport unit 22 comprises one Endless web 26, which is for example partially made of dielectric material, so that the train is able to hold a load.
  • the track is on Kapton®-made belt (a polyimide material used for strap fastening).
  • the Endless web 26 is held by rollers 28a-28d, at least one of which is driven to move around a closed path in operative relation with the Transport route P of the receiving element.
  • a loader 30 is arranged on the opposite side of the path.
  • the charger 30 generates a suitable corona charge at a predetermined time in order to receive a receiving element, the appropriate upstream transport mechanism (not shown) on the Path is fed to fix on the endless web 26 so that it is transported becomes.
  • a release charger 32 is arranged adjacent to the fixing gap N in order to find a suitable one Generate corona charge to disengage the receiving member from the endless web 26 to facilitate, so that it can pass through the fixing gap N properly.
  • Scraper element 34 which is arranged below the fixing gap N in the process direction, ensures that the receiving element emerges from the fixing gap N and from the Post-fixation transport unit 24 to a corresponding one (not shown), subordinate place is transported.
  • Suitable sensors (not shown) of a known type, such as mechanical, electrical or optical sensors, generate control signals for the fixing assembly 10 and the associated receiving element transport mechanisms 22, 24. These sensors are arranged along the receiving element transport path P and detect the position of a Receiving elements in its transport path P, with corresponding position signals produce. These signals are used as input information for a switching and control unit L supplied, which is equipped with a microprocessor, for example. Based on this Signals and a suitable program for the microprocessor generates the switching and Control unit signals for timing the operation.
  • the creation of a Program for a number of commercially available microprocessors that are used for Suitable for use with the invention is known in the art. The details of such a program depend of course on the Architecture of the respective microprocessor.
  • the efficiency of the fixation assembly 10 and its ability to achieve a higher one Correspondence between gloss and paper gloss is provided by providing a Preheating unit 40 improved.
  • the preheat unit 40 as best shown in FIGS. 2-5 recognize, includes a housing 42 opposite the barrel of the prefixing transport unit 22 of the endless track 26 is arranged, with the transport path P of the receiving element coincides.
  • the housing 42 includes an upright front and rear side wall 42a, 42b, which are transverse to the transport direction of the receiving element along the transport path (P) are arranged (i.e. spanning the path) and standing outer side walls 42c, 42d, which is opposite the outer edges of the transport path in the transport direction are arranged.
  • the housing side walls form an inner chamber 44 and an opening 44a next to the receiving element transport route.
  • a heating element 46 is in the Inner chamber 44 of the housing arranged.
  • the heating element 46 comprises at least one Heating resistor cell (in the preferred shown in the drawings In the exemplary embodiment, two cells 46a, 46b are used).
  • heat conducting fins 48 for example Steel fins
  • the preheating unit 40 comprises an air flow system 50 um directing heated air onto receiving elements bearing marking particles image by the endless web 26 of the prefixing transport unit 22 are transported.
  • the Airflow system 50 includes a fan 52, such as a two-stage radial fan, which is driven by a suitable motor M.
  • Channel 54 connects the output the fan 52 with a plenum 56a held by a plenum 56b which is arranged in the chamber 44 of the housing 42 of the heating element 46.
  • a Impact chamber 58 creates an air flow from heating elements 46a, 46b to one Impact element 60, which is arranged in the chamber 44.
  • the impact element 60 comprises a plurality of nozzles 60a each having a plurality of air flow slots 60b form.
  • the air flow slots 60b of the nozzles 60a are transverse to the transport direction of the Receiving elements arranged in the transport path P and align the transport path of the Receiving elements an air flow in the form of jets through each Air flow slots 60b.
  • the air jets hit an image-bearing one Receiving element on that through the endless web 26 of the prefixing transport unit 22nd is transported. Air from fan 52 is therefore passed through heating elements 46a, 46b and warmed by them.
  • the air is then directed in the form of rays that are directed at a Impact receiving element on which a marker particle image is arranged while the receiving element is guided past the opening 44a of the chamber 44.
  • the used air is returned to the fan 52, essentially preventing the air from escaping from the chamber 44.
  • the used air is guided back to the fan 52 through the space between the heating elements 46a, 46b and the housing 52 after it strikes the image-bearing receiving element.
  • an air flow path 72 (on the left side of FIG. 4) is formed on the front and rear sides of the housing 42 (next to the walls 42a and 42b) in the transport direction of the receiving element.
  • the other air flow (right side of FIG.
  • the air return channels 66 are formed by a plurality of air return channels 66, which are arranged parallel to the slots 60b of the nozzles 60a to the outside of the heating element 46 on the outer edges of the transport path of the receiving element.
  • the air return channels 66 are arranged so that they span the transport path of the receiving element.
  • Each of the channels is tapered vertically. The lowest point for the channels is in the middle of the transport route, the highest point on the outer edges of the transport route.
  • a low pressure chamber 68 in which a negative pressure P L prevails, communicates with the air return channels 66 via the openings 70.
  • the return paths 62 (see FIGS.
  • the different pressure of the air streams (as shown in FIG. 5 with the reference symbols P h for high pressure, P 1 for negative pressure, P L for negative pressure and P atm for ambient pressure) moves the used air from the center of the transport path of the receiving element to the edges of the Transport route and return routes 62.
  • the impact member 60 forms vortex generators 78 that are located adjacent the return paths 72 on the front and rear sides of the housing 42.
  • the vortex generators 78 have the task of keeping the warm air inside the housing 42 of the preheating unit 40.
  • the vortex generator 78 Five important factors are necessary for the vortex generator 78 to be able to generate the desired vortex: first, the hot air jet from the nozzle 60a, which is immediately adjacent to the respective vortex generator 78; secondly, the carrier for the receiving elements formed by the endless web 26 of the pre-fixing transport unit 22; third, the radius R formed by the impact member 60 extending from the jet to the edge of the impact member; fourth, the knife edge 80 at the end of the radius R on the outer edge of the impact element and fifth, the low-pressure area between the impact element 60 and the housing 42.
  • the air flow in each of the areas adjacent to the return paths 72 therefore forms a vortex which has a lower pressure than that Area between the impact member 60 and the housing 42 and the atmospheric pressure (or ambient pressure) of the housing environment (see the pressure relationships shown in FIG. 5).
  • This pressure P 1 has the effect that the air flow is prevented from emerging from the housing 42.
  • the knife edges 80 also help direct the airflow into the return paths 72 to return the air to the fan 52.
  • Additional features are optionally provided to block the air within the housing 42 To hold preheating unit 40.
  • the additional features include tunnel 74 (see FIG. 5) on the front and rear side walls 42a, 42b of the preheating unit 40.
  • the tunnels 74 are formed by corresponding ceiling elements 76, which differ from the Preheating unit on the lower edges of the flow and return walls of the Extend housing 42, parallel and spaced from the transport path of the Receiving element.
  • the ceiling elements 76 can be ground or labyrinthine Configuration 76a. This creates entrance and exit tunnels that lead to one contribute to increased air resistance.
  • the preheating unit 40 gives one Improved fixation assembly of an electrostatographic reproduction device Control options with regard to gloss effect and speed.
  • Fig. 6 shows one graphic representation of the temperature response behavior of an (arched) Receiving elements in relation to the air volume flow from a heat radiator. each Curve represents another air temperature parameter.
  • Fig. 7 shows the data for the Gloss effect in relation to fixing speed, i.e. the transport speed of the Receiving element. The curve labeled "without preheating" shows a loss of gloss with increasing transport speed (processing speed) of the Receiving element. In connection with the preheating, the gloss stays with increasing Speed essentially the same.
  • Fig. 8 shows Data from a preheat test.
  • the fuser roll set points remained during this Tried constant, but the initial temperature of the receiving element was from Ambient temperature (32.2 ° C) increased to 72.8 ° C.
  • Each curve represents a certain one Output temperature of the receiving element.
  • Fig. 9 shows the effect of an increase the fuser roll set points (especially the fuser roll surface temperature) of 196.1 to 226.7 ° C, while the initial temperature of the receiving element remained the same.
  • An additional curve compares the processing "with preheating" and "without preheating” at a preheating outlet temperature of 72.8 ° C.
  • the target temperature of the fuser roller surface was 196.1 ° C, corresponding to the temperature at which the 196.1 ° C designated curve was processed. It can be seen from the diagram that the Both curves take very different forms, although the set temperatures for the roller fixation was the same. When the fixing conditions are set in such a way that the same gloss effect is achieved with 0% to 10% and with 100% application there is a reduction in gloss differences in the application area from 30% to 100%.
  • the action of hot air from the preheating unit 40 according to the invention on the image-bearing receiving element gives the highest possible Heat transfer rates between air and surface because of the laminar Layer is broken, which prevents heat transfer.
  • the impinging air may, however, within the usable speeds Positioning of a receiving element in transport motion affect.
  • the regions of high and low pressure can lead to a Raising the receiving element come from the conveyor belt when the element on it is not kept properly. If the situation is insufficient, a Paper carriers also shrink and curl due to the drying effect.
  • the electrostatic endless web 26 of the prefixing transport unit 22 releases in connection with the preheating unit 40 these handling problems of the receiving element.
  • the temperature of the electrostatic endless web is controlled by air fins.
  • the previously described electrostatic Prefixing transport unit 22 with a polyimide endless web 26 advantages over Vacuum transport devices and air cushion transport devices.
  • the Polyimide sheet is smooth and the electrostatic force holds the wearer sufficiently, so that it cannot warp or lift during preheating.
  • the smoothness and the endless shape of the web enables an even heat distribution over the entire arc, which ensures consistent thermophysical properties across the entire arch are guaranteed.
  • Air cushion transport systems carry paper on an air cushion without holding the bow with sufficient force. Without one sufficient sheet holding force, the sheet shrinks and curls during the Preheating process.
  • the reuse of the air for the preheating unit 40 according to the invention is that most efficient way of heating this air. Air heating is due to the low heat capacity very energy consuming. By reusing the air therefore, air is returned to the heating element 46 at an elevated temperature (near the Outlet temperature of the hot air).
  • the air recycling has a great deal Significance was only before the preheating unit according to the invention described here difficult to reach. Reuse of warm air from the one described
  • the arrangement of the preheating unit 40 also serves to radiate heat from the housing 42 essentially to prevent the environment.
  • the preheating process is used to selectively change the To enable receiving element temperatures before the roll fixation.
  • the necessary Energy for efficient and flawless roll fixing is defined by the time which the receiving element spends in the fixing gap, and by the temperature of the Fuser.
  • Fuser rollers are, however, at least partially subject to design Restrictions due to the maximum operating temperatures of the roll material, the heating process, the size and cost.
  • the ability to control the temperature of the receiving element (and the Marking particle image) to change before the roller fixation enables control the marking particle melting process (i.e. a control of the gloss effect). It is it has been found that the gloss effect is directly proportional to the fixing energy and relates to the roughness of the fusing rollers. When the inlet temperature of the receiving element is at room temperature, this leads to a certain gloss effect. The Increase in the inlet temperature of the receiving element above room temperature leads to a higher gloss effect under the same roller fixing conditions. The Reduction of the gloss difference (i.e. the gloss of the receiving element compared to the Gloss of the fixed marking particles) can be increased by increasing the Achieve the time window of the fixing process.
  • the time window for the roll fixing according to the prior art was between 10 ms and 100 ms.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fixing For Electrophotography (AREA)
EP02006506A 2001-04-06 2002-03-18 Unité de préchauffage pour une module de fixage dans un dispositif de reproduction électrostatique Withdrawn EP1248162A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/828,012 US6754457B2 (en) 2001-04-06 2001-04-06 Pre-heater for an electrostatographic reproduction apparatus fusing assembly
US828012 2001-04-06

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1248162A2 true EP1248162A2 (fr) 2002-10-09
EP1248162A3 EP1248162A3 (fr) 2006-03-01

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02006506A Withdrawn EP1248162A3 (fr) 2001-04-06 2002-03-18 Unité de préchauffage pour une module de fixage dans un dispositif de reproduction électrostatique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US6754457B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1248162A3 (fr)
JP (1) JP4040329B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE10211867B4 (fr)

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EP2172814A3 (fr) * 2008-10-03 2010-11-24 Miyakoshi Printing Machinery Co., Ltd. Appareil de fixation de toner et dispositif d'impression électrophotographique

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2172814A3 (fr) * 2008-10-03 2010-11-24 Miyakoshi Printing Machinery Co., Ltd. Appareil de fixation de toner et dispositif d'impression électrophotographique
US8406670B2 (en) 2008-10-03 2013-03-26 Miyakoshi Printing Machinery Co., Ltd. Toner fixing apparatus and electrophotographic printing device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2002333786A (ja) 2002-11-22
US20020145760A1 (en) 2002-10-10
DE10211867B4 (de) 2014-12-18
EP1248162A3 (fr) 2006-03-01
JP4040329B2 (ja) 2008-01-30
US6754457B2 (en) 2004-06-22
DE10211867A1 (de) 2002-10-10

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