EP1249889A1 - Mikrowellenfilter mit einem dielektrischen Resonator - Google Patents

Mikrowellenfilter mit einem dielektrischen Resonator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1249889A1
EP1249889A1 EP02290221A EP02290221A EP1249889A1 EP 1249889 A1 EP1249889 A1 EP 1249889A1 EP 02290221 A EP02290221 A EP 02290221A EP 02290221 A EP02290221 A EP 02290221A EP 1249889 A1 EP1249889 A1 EP 1249889A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
microstrip
filter
lateral
antenna
dielectric
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02290221A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1249889B1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Harel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcatel Lucent SAS
Original Assignee
Alcatel SA
Nokia Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcatel SA, Nokia Inc filed Critical Alcatel SA
Publication of EP1249889A1 publication Critical patent/EP1249889A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1249889B1 publication Critical patent/EP1249889B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a filter and an antenna comprising a such a filter, this antenna being usable in particular in a network for mobile phones.
  • Telecommunications antenna transmits and receives waves radio frequencies according to frequencies specific to a telecommunications operated by this antenna.
  • an antenna intended for GSM system (“Global System for Mobile Communications") uses waves whose frequencies lie in the band 870-960 MHz.
  • FIG. 1 represents an installation which comprises a GSM base station, 10, and a GSM antenna, 14.
  • a base station is usually placed on the ground, to facilitate its maintenance, while an antenna is generally placed in a high place - pylon, water tower, etc ... - so as to maximize its transmission and reception coverage. This is why the station 10 is connected to the antenna 14 by means of cables 16 transmitting the radio waves between these two bodies.
  • a filter 12 is therefore placed between the base station 10 and the antenna 14. This filter 12 processes the waves transmitted by the cables 16 so as to attenuate the waves whose frequency is outside the band operated by the antenna 14.
  • the filter 12 is, by example, of the so-called "air" type, that is to say formed of a hollow enclosure with walls metallic whose dimensions are such as frequency waves determined attenuate by resonance during their propagation in the enclosure.
  • the location of the filters outside the antennas presents many disadvantages.
  • the cables used in these installations have a cost Student. However, their use is increased by the location of filters outside the antennas.
  • the manual operations of connecting cables to filters entail additional costs and risk of deterioration of the these cables and filters.
  • Use of cables between filters and antennas deteriorates the waves transmitted by these cables, following transmission losses and external disturbances due in particular to signals radiated by other antennas. These alterations are undesirable, especially for waves sent to the antenna, because these are no longer filtered by the after.
  • the document US 6,201,801 describes a single-band antenna in which a filtering device, for transmission or reception, is disposed inside the chassis or case comprising the radiating elements of the antenna.
  • multiband antennas comprising radiant elements used respectively for different systems of telecommunications.
  • a multiband antenna includes GSM radiating elements operating in the 870-960 MHz band, and radiant elements for the DCS ("Digital Cellular System") system, operating in the 1710-1880 MHz band, a GSM filter and a filter must be provided DCS connected respectively to GSM radiating elements and to elements radiant DCS.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a microwave filter which can be easily incorporated into a multiband antenna.
  • a first object of the invention is a microwave filter comprising: at least one dielectric resonator, a transmission microstrip, at least one lateral microstrip connected to the transmission microstrip, this lateral microstrip being coupled with the dielectric resonator so as to be able to resonate with this dielectric resonator; characterized in that it comprises at least two dielectric resonators, and in that at least one lateral microstrip is coupled with at least two dielectric resonators, so as to be able to resonate with these two dielectric resonators.
  • the filter thus characterized makes it possible to incorporate filters into the chassis or to the antenna housing because the collaboration of at least two resonators with the same microstrip makes it possible to obtain a more compact, with equal performance, compared to a combination of filters independent each with a dielectric resonator collaborating with a single lateral microstrip.
  • lateral microstrips form a series of U, two successive U having a common branch.
  • the center of a resonator dielectric is equidistant from two branches of a U.
  • the dielectric resonators used have a high relative permittivity, preferably at least equal to 10.
  • the filter may include adjustment elements can be arbitrarily moved relative to the resonators dielectric so as to modify the respective resonant frequencies of these dielectric resonators.
  • the branches of a lateral microstrip have a length equal to 3 ⁇ m / 4, where ⁇ m is a wavelength to be attenuated.
  • a second object of the invention is a microwave antenna comprising radiating elements and at least one filter located in the same chassis or housing, characterized in that it comprises a filter according to one of claims 1 to 7.
  • the antenna comprises a radio protection for the filter.
  • FIG. 2 A known filter, with a microstrip and with a single dielectric resonator, is shown in FIG. 2.
  • This filter comprises a so-called transmission microstrip 20 constituting a transmission line for radio waves.
  • a lateral microstrip 22 forms an orthogonal leg having a free end and an end connected to the microstrip 20 at a branch point 23.
  • the side strip 22 has a length of 3 ⁇ 22/4, where ⁇ 22 shows a wavelength propagation of certain waves transmitted by the microstrip 20.
  • the lateral microstrip 22 is arranged so as to be coupled with a dielectric resonator 24.
  • these microstrips 20 and 22 are made of a conductive material, such as a metal, deposited on an insulating material.
  • the lateral microstrip 22 attenuates waves of wavelength ⁇ 22 transmitted by the transmission microstrip 20 by dissipating their energy by a resonance phenomenon at a frequency corresponding to this wavelength ⁇ 22 .
  • the center of the dielectric resonator 24 is placed at a distance ⁇ 22/4 from the point of connection 23 of strip 20 and the strip 22.
  • This resonator 24 reduces the wavelength of waves transmitted by ⁇ 22/24 the transmission microstrip 20, by resonating with the lateral microstrip 22 at a frequency corresponding to a wavelength ⁇ 22/24 .
  • This wavelength ⁇ 22/24 is close to ⁇ 22 .
  • ⁇ 22 - ⁇ 22/24 differences of the order of a few hundredths of a millimeter.
  • Such a filter therefore attenuates a narrow range of wavelengths between the wavelengths ⁇ 22 and ⁇ 22/24 .
  • a plurality of such filters should be used. The size of this plurality of filters would then be too large compared to the space available inside the chassis or housing of an antenna.
  • a microstrip filter comprising a transmission microstrip, at least one lateral microstrip constituting a branch, and at least two dielectric resonators coupled to the same lateral microstrip.
  • FIG. 3 represents a partial view of the interior of a multiband GSM / DCS antenna, 30, which comprises two filters 32, 34 according to the invention.
  • This antenna 30 comprises radiating elements 40 GSM transmitting and receiving radio waves in the GSM band, and radiating elements 44 DCS performing these same functions in the frequency band DCS.
  • a single radiating element 40 GSM and a single radiating element 44 DCS are shown.
  • the radiating elements 44 DCS and 40 GSM are connected to base stations (not shown) external to the antenna 30.
  • the GSM base station is connected to inputs 48 and 50 of the antenna 30, while the station DCS base is connected to inputs 46 and 52.
  • each radiating element 40 or 44 is equivalent to two dipoles placed at 90 degrees from each other, each of these dipoles being independent of the other. Thanks to such a 90 ° offset, these dipoles provide transmission suitable signals regardless of the position of a transmitting antenna or receiving with respect to these radiating elements.
  • the input 48 is connected to a filter according to the invention, 32; while the input 50 is connected to a filter according to the invention, 34.
  • These filters 32 and 34 are inside the chassis or case 70 of the antenna 30.
  • This filter 32 has an input 51 connected to the GSM input, 48, of the antenna.
  • This entry 51 is constituted by a first end 54 of a transmission microstrip 56.
  • the other end, 55, of this transmission microstrip 56 is connected, by means not shown to one of the GSM radiating elements, 40.
  • the transmission microstrip 56 is made of a material conductor, for example a metal, placed on an insulating material. She is connected to three lateral microstrips 58, 60 and 62 constituting branches arranged transversely with respect to this microstrip 56, and having the same width and nature as the latter. More specifically, a first end of the lateral microstrip 58 is connected to the end 51 transmission microstrip 56; a first end of the lateral microstrip 60 is connected to a central part 61 of the transmission microstrip 56; and a first end of the microstrip side 62 is connected to the other end 55 of the microstrip 56. In this exemplary embodiment, the second ends of the microstrips 58, 60, 62 are not connected to anything.
  • the resonators 64 and 66 are produced in a conventional manner. These are ceramic cylinders made up of alloys containing magnesium, calcium, titanium, barium, zinc, zirconium, or tin. These ceramics have high dielectric constants ⁇ r , that is to say at least equal to 10.
  • the microstrips 58, 60, 62, and the dielectric resonators 64 and 66 have characteristics and are arranged in such a way that certain frequencies are attenuated by energy dissipation due to resonances lateral microstrips 58, 60, 62 and coupled resonators 64 and 66 with these lateral microstrips 58, 60, 62.
  • the microstrip lateral 60 is coupled both with the resonator 64 and with the resonator 68.
  • the microstrips 58, 60 and 62 have a length substantially equal to 3 ⁇ m / 4, where ⁇ m represents a wavelength to be attenuated.
  • the microstrip 58 attenuates waves of wavelength ⁇ m by resonating at the frequency corresponding to this wavelength ⁇ m .
  • the resonator 64 is equidistant from the microstrips 58 and 60, and its center is distant from ⁇ m / 4 from the end 51 of the microstrip 56, that is to say from the junction between the transmission microstrip 56 and the microstrip lateral 58. This resonator 64 then resonates at a wavelength ⁇ m / 64 with the microstrip 58. This resonance dissipates the energy of waves of wavelength ⁇ m / 64 , thus attenuating the latter.
  • the lateral microstrip 60 also attenuates waves by resonance. However, it has been observed experimentally that this resonance takes place at a wavelength ⁇ 60 offset from the wavelength ⁇ m .
  • the resonator 64 is also coupled with the lateral microstrip 60. The resonator 64 then dissipates an energy associated with a wavelength ⁇ 60/64 by resonance, thus attenuating the waves transmitted with this wavelength ⁇ 60 / 64 .
  • the resonator 66 is equidistant from the lateral microstrips 60 and 62. Its center is distant from ⁇ m / 4 from branch 61, that is to say from the junction between the transmission microstrip 56 and the lateral microstrip 60. Its characteristics are chosen such that this resonator 66 resonates with the microstrip 60 at a frequency corresponding to a wavelength ⁇ 60/66 . The resonator 66 then dissipates an energy associated with a wavelength ⁇ 60/66 by resonance, thus attenuating the waves transmitted with this wavelength ⁇ 60/66 .
  • the waves transmitted by the transmission microstrip 56 are then filtered by the lateral microstrip 62.
  • this microstrip 62 attenuates waves transmitted with a wavelength ⁇ 62 by dissipating energy by resonance at this wavelength .
  • the center of the resonator 66 is distant by ⁇ m / 4 from the connection point 55 of the lateral microstrip 62.
  • the resonator 66 resonates with the microstrip 62 at a frequency corresponding to another wavelength ⁇ 62/64 .
  • the resonator 66 then dissipates an energy associated with a wavelength ⁇ 62/64 by resonance, thus attenuating the waves transmitted with this wavelength ⁇ 62/64 .
  • the waves transmitted by the transmission microstrip 56 are attenuated according to a series of wavelengths covering a band extended.
  • This filter therefore performs a function equivalent to several filters with known type, i.e. associating a resonator with a single microstrip of connection. But, thanks to a reduced number of dielectric resonators, and of branches, for equal performance, the size of the filter is compatible with the limited space available inside the chassis or boxes antennas.
  • the lateral microstrips 58, 60 and 62 have a length of 3 ⁇ m / 4 and their second ends are connected to ground.
  • the centers of the resonators 64 and 66 are arranged so as to be distant by ⁇ m / 2 from the respective connection points between the transmission microstrip 56 and the lateral microstrips 58, 60, 62, in order to be able to resonate with these microstrips side 58, 60, 62.
  • the filter 32 includes two adjustment elements 68 located respectively near resonators 64 and 66, and modifying a wavelength attenuated by resonance. More specifically, these elements 68 are conductors connected to ground, and which influence the capacitive effect of resonator. Indeed, the latter can be modeled as a circuit comprising a resistor, an inductor, and a capacitor in parallel on this inductance. Approach a conductive element 68 of a resonator causes an increase in its capacitive effect and, consequently, a modification of the resonance frequency.
  • the filter 32 is protected from waves radioelectric, and in particular waves emitted by radiating elements 40 GSM and 44 DCS of the antenna, by a protective cover 31, metallic and covering all the constituent elements of filter 32.
  • the filter 32 being close to the radiating elements 40 GSM and 44 DCS, the degradation and losses of the waves transmitted by the links connecting these radiating elements to the filter are less than when the filter is located at outside the chassis or antenna cover.
  • resonators made of materials having high dielectric constants results in improved rejection, rejection can be better than -20 dB, significantly increased compared to that of microstrip filters without dielectric resonator, providing a rejection on the order of -5 dB.
  • a coupled microstrip filter with dielectric resonators reaches values of 500 or 1000, while filters without dielectric resonators provide values from 50 to 200.
  • the present invention is susceptible of numerous variants. So, in a variant not shown, the filters 32 and 34 are placed on the back of the antenna, i.e. behind a metal plane supporting the elements radiant on its front face.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Transmitters (AREA)
EP02290221A 2001-03-29 2002-01-31 Mikrowellenfilter mit einem dielektrischen Resonator Expired - Lifetime EP1249889B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0104255A FR2823019B1 (fr) 2001-03-29 2001-03-29 Antenne de telecommunications et dispositif de filtrage
FR0104255 2001-03-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1249889A1 true EP1249889A1 (de) 2002-10-16
EP1249889B1 EP1249889B1 (de) 2008-03-26

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EP02290221A Expired - Lifetime EP1249889B1 (de) 2001-03-29 2002-01-31 Mikrowellenfilter mit einem dielektrischen Resonator

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US (1) US6737937B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1249889B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE390728T1 (de)
DE (1) DE60225749T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2823019B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090322285A1 (en) * 2008-06-25 2009-12-31 Nokia Corporation Method and Apparatus for Wireless Charging Using a Multi-Band Antenna

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01200814A (ja) * 1988-02-05 1989-08-14 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> 可変周波数アクティブフィルタ
JPH0435505A (ja) * 1990-05-31 1992-02-06 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd 帯域阻止フィルタ
US6201801B1 (en) * 1994-03-24 2001-03-13 Ericsson Inc. Polarization diversity phased array cellular base station and associated methods

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4583064A (en) * 1983-09-02 1986-04-15 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Strip-line resonator
FR2576724B1 (fr) * 1985-01-29 1991-06-07 Alcatel Thomson Faisceaux Discriminateur hyperfrequences et dispositifs d'utilisation
US5432489A (en) * 1992-03-09 1995-07-11 Lk-Products Oy Filter with strip lines
EP0851526B1 (de) * 1996-12-27 2003-07-30 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Filtervorrichtung
US6255917B1 (en) * 1999-01-12 2001-07-03 Teledyne Technologies Incorporated Filter with stepped impedance resonators and method of making the filter

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01200814A (ja) * 1988-02-05 1989-08-14 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> 可変周波数アクティブフィルタ
JPH0435505A (ja) * 1990-05-31 1992-02-06 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd 帯域阻止フィルタ
US6201801B1 (en) * 1994-03-24 2001-03-13 Ericsson Inc. Polarization diversity phased array cellular base station and associated methods

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
CROS D ET AL: "WHISPERING GALLERY DIELECTRIC RESONATOR FILTERS", 1996 IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM DIGEST. SAN FRANCISCO, JUNE 17 - 21, 1996, IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM DIGEST, NEW YORK, IEEE, US, vol. 2, 17 June 1996 (1996-06-17), pages 603 - 606, XP000731941, ISBN: 0-7803-3247-4 *
KAJFEZ D., GUILLON P.: "Dielectric resonators", 1986, ARTECH HOUSE, INC., US, DEDHAM, XP002204057, 144130 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 013, no. 503 (E - 844) 13 November 1989 (1989-11-13) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 016, no. 215 (E - 1204) 20 May 1992 (1992-05-20) *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE60225749T2 (de) 2009-04-09
US20020140521A1 (en) 2002-10-03
FR2823019A1 (fr) 2002-10-04
US6737937B2 (en) 2004-05-18
ATE390728T1 (de) 2008-04-15
EP1249889B1 (de) 2008-03-26
FR2823019B1 (fr) 2005-05-20
DE60225749D1 (de) 2008-05-08

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