Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
  • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
  • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
  • F02M21/0245—High pressure fuel supply systems; Rails; Pumps; Arrangement of valves
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
  • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
  • F02B19/02—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers the chamber being periodically isolated from its cylinder
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
  • F02B43/00—Engines characterised by operating on gaseous fuels; Plants including such engines
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
  • F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
  • F02D13/0276—Actuation of an additional valve for a special application, e.g. for decompression, exhaust gas recirculation or cylinder scavenging
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
  • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
  • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
  • F02M21/0221—Fuel storage reservoirs, e.g. cryogenic tanks
  • F02M21/0224—Secondary gaseous fuel storages
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
  • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
  • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
  • F02M21/0248—Injectors
  • F02M21/0275—Injectors for in-cylinder direct injection, e.g. injector combined with spark plug
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
  • F02D19/02—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with gaseous fuels
  • F02D19/026—Measuring or estimating parameters related to the fuel supply system
  • F02D19/027—Determining the fuel pressure, temperature or volume flow, the fuel tank fill level or a valve position
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
  • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
  • F02M21/0203—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels characterised by the type of gaseous fuel
  • F02M21/0215—Mixtures of gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Biogas; Mine gas; Landfill gas
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
  • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
  • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a natural gas injection device.
• the invention relates more particularly to a device for injecting natural gas into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, of the type comprising an intermediate natural gas storage chamber which is equipped with a gas injector which is supplied with natural gas by an upstream supply line, and of the type in which the intermediate chamber communicates with the combustion chamber of the engine via an injection valve which controls the injection of natural gas in the combustion chamber.
• Natural gas thanks to its properties which make it a clean fuel, is increasingly used as an alternative fuel for the automobile.
• the most commonly used technology for fueling the engine is the injection of natural gas into the intake ducts.
• This technique generates a loss of filling, therefore of performance, because natural gas takes on a volume much greater than that of petrol.
• Document US-A-5 170 766 proposes a direct injection device which is initially intended for operation with petrol but which can also be used with natural gas for low loads.
• This direct injection device has a chamber mixing system which is equipped with an injector for fuel and an inlet (or an injector) for air intake
• the mixing chamber communicates with the combustion chamber of the engine via a valve
• This direct injection device poses a dimensioning problem during operation at high load Indeed, the volume of natural gas to be injected is important and the injection must be carried out in a fairly short time
• the invention aims to remedy these drawbacks
• the invention provides a device for injecting natural gas of the type described above, characterized in that it comprises an additional chamber containing natural gas which is connected to the intermediate chamber by a connecting channel provided with a valve whose opening makes it possible to increase the quantity of natural gas stored in the intermediate chamber before its injection into the combustion chamber
• the valve of the connecting channel is closed during the opening of the injection valve and if the engine is in a high load operating phase the valve is open for the opening of the injection valve,
• the filling of the complementary chamber is carried out by a downstream supply pipe which connects the upstream supply pipe to the complementary chamber and which comprises a valve,
• valve of the downstream supply line and the valve of the connecting channel are closed, and if the engine is in a high load operating phase
• the valve of the downstream supply line is open and the valve of the connecting channel is closed
• the valve of the line downstream supply is closed and the valve of the connecting channel is open
• the upstream supply line is an injection manifold which is equipped with pressure and temperature sensors in order to determine the quantity of natural gas likely to be introduced into the complementary chamber via the downstream supply line
• the gas injector natural gas is controlled by an electronic control unit, so as to introduce into the intermediate chamber an additional quantity of natural gas determined as a function for example of the engine speed; - the natural gas injector is of the “CNG” type.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic view in axial section which illustrates a cylinder of internal combustion engine equipped with a direct natural gas injection device produced in accordance with the teachings of the invention.
• FIG. 2 is a view similar to the previous one which shows an alternative embodiment of the invention.
• the cylinder 10 is supplied with air by an intake circuit 18 which opens into the combustion chamber 12 through an intake valve 20 which may or may not block the communication between the intake circuit 18 and the combustion chamber. combustion 12.
• An exhaust circuit 22 is provided for evacuating the burnt gases out of the combustion chamber 12 through an exhaust valve 24 which may or may not block the communication between the combustion chamber 12 and the exhaust 22.
• the cylinder 10 comprises an intermediate chamber 26 for storing natural gas which opens into the combustion chamber 12 through an injection valve 28 which may or may not block the communication between the intermediate chamber 26 and the combustion chamber 12.
• the intermediate chamber 26 is equipped with an injector 30 of volatile natural gas (CNG).
• CNG volatile natural gas
• the CNG injection system 30 can be any system developed for indirect CNG injection, whether it is derived from gasoline injection technologies or whether it has been developed specifically for natural gas.
• the injector 30 is supplied with natural gas by an upstream supply line 32, here an injection manifold, which is connected to a main tank (not shown) for storing natural gas.
• the injector 30 is controlled by an electronic control unit 34.
• the electronic control unit 34 receives for example signals representative of engine operating parameters such as engine speed, atmospheric pressure, pressure in the cylinder 10, the flow of intake and / or exhaust gases. , the instantaneous torque supplied, etc.
• the electronic control unit 34 comprises in particular means for storing (not shown) one or more maps of engine operation.
• the displacement of the intake 20, exhaust 24 and injection 28 valves can be controlled by any known means, for example by the cams of camshafts or by electromagnetic actuators controlled by the electronic unit. 34.
• the movement of the injection valve 28 is controlled by an electromagnetic actuator 36 and controlled by the electronic control unit 34.
• an additional chamber 38 is connected to the intermediate chamber 26 by a connecting channel 40 provided with a valve 42
• the valve 42 is controlled by the electronic control unit 34
• valve 42 In the operating phase of the engine at low load, the valve 42 is kept closed during the four cycle times, so that natural gas can be stored, before its injection into the combustion chamber 12, only in the intermediate chamber 26
• the electronic control unit 34 maintains the injection valve 28 in the closed position
• a quantity of precisely dosed natural gas is then introduced into the intermediate chamber by the injector 30
• the injection valve 28 then closes and the electronic control unit 34 triggers the ignition of the fuel mixture, composed of air and natural gas, for example by means of a spark plug (not shown).
• the exhaust valve 24 opens to allow the evacuation of the burnt gases to the exhaust circuit 22
• valve 42 is kept open during the four stages of the cycle, so that the natural gas is stored, before its injection into the combustion chamber 12, both in the intermediate chamber 26 and in the complementary chamber 38
• the opening of the valve 42 therefore makes it possible to increase the storage volume of natural gas before injection.
• the injection valve 28 being closed, the intermediate chamber 26 and the complementary chamber 38 are supplied precisely with natural gas by 1 injector 30
• the injection valve 28 is opened and the natural gas, which is stored in the intermediate chamber 26 and in the complementary chamber 38, is introduced into the combustion chamber 12
• the complementary chamber 38 and the connecting channel 40 are dimensioned so as to allow, with the intermediate chamber 26, the injection into the combustion chamber 12 of the quantity of natural gas necessary for the proper functioning of the engine in a operating range from partial loads to heavy loads, in a sufficiently short time
• This embodiment allows a greater autonomy of the vehicle than that which will be obtained with a direct high pressure injection.
• This direct natural gas injection device does not need an additional compressor, as would be the case for a high pressure device in order to increase the range of the vehicle.
• This injection device requires a greater flow rate from the injector 30 because the maximum injection time corresponds to two crankshaft turns minus the opening time of the injection valve 28
• the critical pressure that is to say the pressure downstream of the injector 30 beyond which the flow rate is subso ⁇ ic, being reached quickly in the intermediate 26 and complementary 38 chambers, the average flow rate is lower and longer injection time Consequently, the use of injectors 30 of the “CNG” type currently available requires limiting the amount of natural gas to be injected.
• the complementary chamber 38 is filled not by means of the injector 30 which equips the chamber intermediate 26 but by means of a downstream supply line 44 which directly connects the injection manifold 32 to the complementary chamber 38.
• the downstream supply line 44 includes a valve 46.
• the injection manifold 32 is here equipped with pressure 48 and temperature 50 sensors, in order to determine the quantity of natural gas which fills the additional chamber 38 when the valve 42 is closed and the valve 46 is open.
• the direct injection device operates in a similar manner to that of FIG. 1, the valve 42 being closed.
• the electronic unit 34 controls the closing of the valve 42 and the opening of the valve 46.
• the complementary chamber 38 is then placed in communication with the injection manifold 32 by the downstream supply line 44.
• the complementary chamber 38 is filled with a quantity of natural gas which is known thanks to the pressure 48 and temperature 50 sensors. During the filling of the complementary chamber 38, the injector 30 precisely introduces into the intermediate chamber 26 the additional natural gas necessary for the proper functioning of the engine. Then, the valve 46 is closed and the valve 42 is opened which puts the complementary chamber 38 in communication with the intermediate chamber 26
• the injection valve 28 opens and the natural gas stores in the intermediate chamber 26 and in the complementary chamber 38 enters the combustion chamber 12
• valve 42 and the valve 46 be able to open and close very quickly, for example in a few milliseconds

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
• Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
• Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

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ID=8846363

Family Applications (1)

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• 2000
  • 2000-01-27 FR FR0001030A patent/FR2804475B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2001
  • 2001-01-26 EP EP01903973A patent/EP1250522A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2001-01-26 WO PCT/FR2001/000252 patent/WO2001055568A2/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2001-01-29 AR ARP010100388A patent/AR027314A1/es active IP Right Grant

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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