EP1255274A2 - Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Vorratskathode für eine Kathodenstrahlröhre - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Vorratskathode für eine Kathodenstrahlröhre Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1255274A2 EP1255274A2 EP02100425A EP02100425A EP1255274A2 EP 1255274 A2 EP1255274 A2 EP 1255274A2 EP 02100425 A EP02100425 A EP 02100425A EP 02100425 A EP02100425 A EP 02100425A EP 1255274 A2 EP1255274 A2 EP 1255274A2
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- cathode
- matrix
- ray tube
- oxide
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- FQNGWRSKYZLJDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ca].[Ba] Chemical compound [Ca].[Ba] FQNGWRSKYZLJDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910013703 M(OH)x Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- IATRAKWUXMZMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Sr+2] IATRAKWUXMZMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018957 MClx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- -1 alkaline earth metals Nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium carbonate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]C([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dysprosium atom Chemical compound [Dy] KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N europium atom Chemical compound [Eu] OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium atom Chemical compound [Gd] UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N holmium atom Chemical compound [Ho] KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010849 ion bombardment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N lutetium atom Chemical compound [Lu] OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbium atom Chemical compound [Tb] GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000600 Ba alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000009125 cardiac resynchronization therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- IDNUEBSJWINEMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl nitrate Chemical compound CCO[N+]([O-])=O IDNUEBSJWINEMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-NJFSPNSNSA-N hydroxyformaldehyde Chemical compound O[14CH]=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910009112 xH2O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J9/02—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems
- H01J9/04—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems of thermionic cathodes
- H01J9/042—Manufacture, activation of the emissive part
- H01J9/047—Cathodes having impregnated bodies
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a supply cathode for a Cathode ray tube, which has a cathode support with a cathode base and a porous metal matrix body that infiltrates with an electron-emitting material is included.
- the functional groups of a cathode ray tube include an electron-emitting one Cathode that generates the electron current in the cathode ray tube.
- An electron emitting cathode for a cathode ray tube is usually one heatable supply cathode with an electron-emitting, oxide-containing cathode body. If a supply cathode is heated, electrons are emitted from the electron Coating evaporated into the surrounding vacuum.
- the amount of electrons that can be emitted from the cathode coating depends on the work function of the electron emitting material.
- Nickel which is usually used as the cathode base, itself has a relatively high level Work function. Therefore, the cathode base for a supply cathode is still with one Metal matrix body, which is infiltrated with an electron-emitting material. Its main task is to control the electron-emitting properties of the cathode base to improve.
- Characteristic of the electron emitting materials from The storage cathode is that it is an alkaline earth metal in the form of the alkaline earth metal oxide contain.
- a correspondingly shaped metal matrix body is used for example with the carbonates of the alkaline earth metals in a binder preparation coated.
- the carbonates are converted into the alkaline earth metal oxides at temperatures of around 1000 ° C umgswasht.
- this cathode After this cathode has burned off, it already delivers a noticeable emission current, which, however, is not yet stable.
- the Impurities essentially consist of elemental alkaline earth metal, e.g. B. calcium, Strontium or barium.
- the electron emission of such supply cathodes is based on the impurity mechanism.
- the activation process has the purpose of being sufficient Create amount of excess, elemental alkaline earth metal through which the oxides in the electron-emitting coating at a prescribed heating output can deliver maximum emission current.
- An essential contribution to the activation process accomplishes the reduction of barium oxide to elemental barium Alloy components ("activators") made of metal matrix body.
- the elemental alkaline earth metal is always replenished first.
- subsequent delivery comes to a standstill if there is between the metal matrix body and a thin but high-resistance separating layer over time with the emitting oxide (interface) from alkaline earth silicate or alkaline earth aluminate.
- No. 5,118,317 discloses a method for producing an impregnated supply cathode, which is a porous metal matrix body made of a refractory metal that acts as an activator, comprising, wherein the porous metal matrix body by compressing non-interlocking, individual powder particles made of transition metal, which with a thin layer of a ductile metal are coated, and then sintering a temperature below 600 ° C is formed.
- Such a cathode whose metal matrix body is pressed from a metal powder and sintered has an improved emissivity and a longer life because the porous structure of the metal matrix body the surface reaction between the Activator metal and the actual emission material supported.
- the object is achieved by a method for producing a Supply cathode for a cathode ray tube, which has a cathode support with a cathode base made of a cathode metal and a metal matrix body made of a matrix of Metal particles of a metal selected from the group of refractory metals and into the Matrix-infiltrated oxide particles of an alkaline earth oxide, selected from the group of Oxides of calcium, strontium and barium, comprising the matrix of metal particles of a metal selected from the group of refractory metals by reduction a porous, stabilized oxide gel of the metal, selected from the group of Refractory metals is produced.
- Such a storage cathode has a uniform shape over a long period of time Beam current, because an open through the matrix by the inventive method Microstructure gets. Due to the improved surface properties, on the one hand the initial emission is already high and on the other hand the resistance to poisoning against oxygen is low. The open microstructure also increases Ba retention.
- the cathode is not susceptible to ion bombardment and has an even emission and can be produced reproducibly. Thanks to the continuous barium tracking becomes a depletion of electron emission like that of conventional cathodes knows, avoided. It can be without endangering cathode life much higher beam current density can be realized. That can also be exploited to draw the necessary electron beam currents from smaller cathode areas.
- the spot size of the cathode spot is crucial for the quality of the beam focusing on the screen.
- the image sharpness over the entire screen is increased. Because the cathodes also not age, the image brightness and sharpness can be increased to a high level entire life of the tube can be kept stable.
- This wet chemical and / or aerosol-based process is more variable, more flexible and cheaper as conventionally used powder metallurgical processes. This is mainly due at lower process temperatures below 1000 ° C compared to the sintering and Impregnation process above 1600 ° C with the conventional method.
- the porous, stabilized Oxide gel of a refractory metal by reaction of a starting compound of the Refractory metal is produced with a microstructure control additive.
- a block copolymer R'R "R '(OH) 2 , an emulsions, a reaction-modifying reagent and a polymer are preferably used as the microstructure control additive.
- the metal matrix body with 20 to 80 vol% metal and 20 to 80 vol% oxide is produced Adaptations to different cathode applications in CRTs, radio frequency and Microwave tubes, X-ray tubes, thermionic converters, low and High pressure gas discharge lamps or similar possible
- the supply cathode is characterized by robust behavior with fast switching out.
- the invention has particularly advantageous effects over the prior art, if the porous metal matrix body with a top layer that selected a metal contains from the group Ir, Os, Re, Ru and W, by precipitation of the oxides or hydroxides of metals selected from the group Ir, Os, Re, Ru and W on the surface of the porous metal matrix and subsequent reduction to the metal is coated.
- the porous metal matrix body coated with a top layer containing a barium calcium aluminate.
- a cathode ray tube includes an electron gun, which is commonly contains an arrangement with one or more supply cathodes.
- a supply cathode according to the invention comprises a cathode support with a cathode base and a porous metal matrix body.
- the cathode support contains the heater and the base for the cathode body.
- the material of the cathode base is usually a nickel alloy.
- the nickel alloy for the base of the supply cathode according to the invention can be made of nickel, for example with an alloy portion selected from a reducing activator element from the group silicon, magnesium, aluminum, tungsten, molybdenum, manganese and carbon exist.
- the metal matrix body contains infiltrated oxide particles.
- the main component of the Oxide particles are oxide particles of an alkaline earth oxide, preferably barium oxide, together with Calcium oxide and / or strontium oxide.
- the alkaline earth oxides are considered a physical Mixture of alkaline earth oxides or as binary or ternary mixed crystals of the alkaline earth metal oxides used. Preferred is a ternary alkaline earth mixed crystal oxide made from barium oxide, Strontium oxide and calcium oxide or a binary mixture of barium oxide and Calcium oxide.
- the alkaline earth oxide can be doped from an oxide selected from the oxides of the Scandiums, yttriums and the lanthanoids lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, Europium, Gadolinium, Terbium, Dysprosium, Holmium, Erbium, Thulium, Ytterbium and lutetium, e.g. in an amount of 10 to a maximum of 1000 ppm.
- the metal matrix body further contains a matrix of metal particles of a metal selected from the group of refractory metals Mg, Al, Fe, Si, Ti, Hf, Zr, W, Mo, Mn and Cr.
- the components of the porous metal matrix are made into a particle-particle composite arranged with open pores.
- Particularly beneficial effects over the prior art shows a supply cathode according to the invention with a particle-particle composite, where the pore dimensions have a gradient towards the surface exhibit. Ba retention is particularly improved in this storage cathode.
- the microstructure of the metal matrix can also be improved if the metal particles have a transition from one metal to another in a longitudinal direction.
- the porous metal matrix can also be given a coating.
- the porous metal matrix can be coated with a covering layer, which is one which contains metals Ir, Os, Re, Ru or W or a combination thereof.
- This layer can by precipitation of the appropriate oxides or hydrated oxides on the surface of the Metal matrix and subsequent reduction to the metals are formed. You get thereby preferably a cover layer with a thickness of 1 to 30 microns with pores in the Submicron range.
- the porous metal matrix can also be covered with a covering layer, the oxide particles an alkaline earth oxide selected from the group of oxides of calcium, Strontiums and bariums and oxide particles of an oxide, selected from the group of Contains oxides of scandium, yttrium and lanthanoids.
- the oxide particles an alkaline earth oxide selected from the group of oxides of calcium, Strontiums and bariums and oxide particles of an oxide, selected from the group of Contains oxides of scandium, yttrium and lanthanoids.
- the matrix of metal particles of a metal selected from the group of refractory metals is selected from the group of by reducing an oxide gel of the metal Made of refractory metals.
- the refractory metals include the metals refractory metals Mg, Al, Fe, Si, Ti, Hf, Zr, W, Mo, Mn and Cr.
- the starting chemical compounds for the metal oxide phase are used. These can be, for example, halides, carbonyls, alcoholates or metal hydroxides. For example, for the formation of a matrix of tungsten, WCl 6 , W (CO) 6 , W (OC 2 H 5 ) 6 , or H 2 WO 4 , for a matrix of nickel NiCl 4 can be used. These compounds are brought into solution, preferably into an alcoholic solution. In a homogeneous reaction, they are reacted with microstructure control additives. These microstructure control additives can be block copolymers R'R "R '(OH) 2 , emulsions eg oil-water emulsions, reaction-modifying reagents and polymers.
- the reaction produces the corresponding oxides and oxide hydrates as gels with controlled microstructure and morphology.
- the oxide gel is then coated with a Reducing agents, for example, reacted with 5% in nitrogen, hydrogen at 500 to 1000 ° C. in order to obtain a porous metal matrix with controlled microstructure and morphology.
- a production method is particularly preferred in which block polymers R'R "R '(OH) 2 act as" molecular templates "which cause pseudo-sol-gel precipitation and stabilize the oxide gels.
- the pore distribution of the oxide gel with controlled microstructure and porosity is e.g. determined by the drop characteristics in the original emulsion. Oil and others organic components of the emulsion are then subjected to a first temperature treatment removed at 400 to 600 ° C. The porous oxide gel is then reduced with a hydrogen-nitrogen mixture at 500 to 1000 ° C in a porous metal matrix with controlled microstructure and porosity.
- microstructured porous metal matrix which is also a Gradients of the pore dimensions towards the surface or a transition to one other metal
- either conventional infiltration, gel or a wet chemical infiltration technique is used to cover the pores of the metal matrix Replenish barium calcium aluminate or other barium oxide containing material.
- the carbonates are used to produce the raw material for the infiltration of oxide particles of the alkaline earth metals calcium, strontium and barium ground and with each other and optionally with a starting compound for the oxide of scandium, yttrium, Lanthans, Cers, Praseodymes, Neodymes, Samariums, Europiums, Gadoliniums, Terbiums, Dysprosiums, holmiums, erbiums, thuliums, ytterbiums and lutetiums in the desired Mixed weight ratio.
- Preferred starting compounds for the oxides of the scandium, yttrium and the lanthanoids the nitrates or hydroxides of these Elements used.
- the weight ratio of calcium carbonate: strontium carbonate: barium carbonate is typically 1: 1.25: 6 or 1:12:22 or 1: 1.5: 2.5 or 1: 4: 6.
- the carbonates of the alkaline earth metals Nitrates of scandium, yttrium and lanthanoids are coprecipitated.
- the raw mass can still be mixed with a binder preparation.
- the binder preparation can be used as solvent water, ethanol, ethyl nitrate, ethyl acetate, or Contain diethyl acetate.
- the supply cathode is installed in the cathode ray tube.
- the supply cathode is formed while the cathode ray tube is being evacuated.
- the alkaline earth carbonates are converted to the alkaline earth oxides with the release of CO and CO 2 and then form a porous sintered composite.
- Also essential in this conversion process is the crystallographic change due to mixed crystal formation, which is a prerequisite for a good supply cathode.
- the activation takes place, which has the purpose of supplying excess elemental alkaline earth metal embedded in the oxides.
- the excess alkaline earth metal is created by the reduction of alkaline earth metal oxide.
- the alkaline earth oxide is reduced by the released CO or activator metal from the cathode base and from the metal matrix.
- there is a current activation which generates the required free alkaline earth metal through electrolytic processes at high temperatures.
- the manufacturing method according to the invention is an efficient method for composite Cathode body structures with gradients in material and structure, for example in the form of metal grid structures e.g. of Ni, porous metal matrices, e.g. B. from Tungsten or metal components containing activators for barium release. It also includes the spray deposition of complex composite cathode structures with functional gradients in conjunction with molecular self-assembly techniques based on emulsion and foaming methods. Typical examples of Structures that can be produced using the method according to the invention Sprayed storage cathode layer structures with individual Ni particle layers, storage cathodes with double layers in the metal matrix, foamed metal matrix structures, and porous metal matrix structures with controlled porosity. It is also possible, align elongated Ni particle chains via a magnetic field.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Solid Thermionic Cathode (AREA)
- Electrodes For Cathode-Ray Tubes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Um die Oxide der Erdalkalimetalle mit den Oxiden des Scandiums, Yttriums, Lanthans, Cers, Praseodyms, Neodyms, Samariums, Europiums, Gadoliniums, Terbiums, Dysprosiums, Holmiums, Erbiums, Thuliums, Ytterbiums und Lutetiums zu dotieren, können die Carbonate der Erdalkalimetalle mit den Nitraten des Scandiums, Yttriums und der Lanthanoiden kopräzipitiert werden.
Claims (7)
- Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Vorratskathode für eine Kathodenstrahlröhre, die einen Kathodenträger mit einer Kathodenbasis aus einem Kathodenmetall und einen Metallmatrixkörper aus einer Matrix von Metallpartikeln eines Metall ausgewählt aus der Gruppe der Refraktärmetalle und in die Matrix infiltrierte Oxidpartikeln eines Erdalkalioxids, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe der Oxide des Calciums, Strontiums und Bariums, umfasst, wobei die Matrix von Metallpartikel eines Metalls ausgewählt aus der Gruppe der Refraktärmetalle durch Reduktion eines porösen, stabilisierten Oxidgels des Metalls, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe der Refraktärmetalle, hergestellt wird.
- Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Vorratskathode für eine Kathodenstrahlröhre gemäß
Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das poröse, stabilisierte Oxidgel eines Refraktärmetalls .durch eine Reaktion einer Ausgangsverbindung des Refraktärmetalls mit einem Mikrostrukturkontrolladditiv hergestellt wird. - Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Vorratskathode für eine Kathodenstrahlröhre gemäß
Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Mikrostrukturkontrolladditiv ein Blockcopolymeres R'R"R' (OH)2, eine Emulsionen, ein reaktionsmodifizierendes Reagenz und ein Polymeres verwendet wird - Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Vorratskathode für eine Kathodenstrahlröhre gemäß Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Metallmatrixkörper mit 20 bis 80 Vol-% Metall und 20 bis 80 Vol-% Oxid hergestellt wird. - Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Vorratskathode für eine Kathodenstrahlröhre gemäß
Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Refraktärmetall aus der Gruppe der Mg, Al, Fe, Si, Ti, Hf, Zr, W, Mo, Mn und Cr ausgswählt wird. - Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Vorratskathode für eine Kathodenstrahlröhre gemäß
Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der poröse Metallmatrixkörper mit einer Deckschicht, die ein Metall ausgewählt aus der Gruppe Ir, Os, Re, Ru und W enthält, durch Fällung der Oxide oder Hydroxide der Metalle ausgewählt aus der Gruppe Ir, Os, Re, Ru und W auf der Oberfläche der porösen Metallmatrix und anschließende Reduktion zum Metall beschichtet wird. - Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Vorratskathode für eine Kathodenstrahlröhre gemäß
Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der poröse Metallmatrixkörper mit einer Deckschicht, die ein Barium-Calcium-Aluminat enthält, beschichtet wird
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10121445 | 2001-05-02 | ||
| DE10121445A DE10121445A1 (de) | 2001-05-02 | 2001-05-02 | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Vorratskathode für eine Kathodenstrahlröhre |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1255274A2 true EP1255274A2 (de) | 2002-11-06 |
Family
ID=7683450
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02100425A Withdrawn EP1255274A2 (de) | 2001-05-02 | 2002-04-30 | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Vorratskathode für eine Kathodenstrahlröhre |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20020193041A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1255274A2 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2003016931A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE10121445A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100433230C (zh) * | 2006-07-19 | 2008-11-12 | 北京工业大学 | 压制型含钪扩散阴极的制备方法 |
| RU174300U1 (ru) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-10-11 | Демидова Елена Викторовна | Торцевой металлопористый катод |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5112707A (en) * | 1983-09-26 | 1992-05-12 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Mask structure for lithography |
| US4675570A (en) * | 1984-04-02 | 1987-06-23 | Varian Associates, Inc. | Tungsten-iridium impregnated cathode |
| NL8403031A (nl) * | 1984-10-05 | 1986-05-01 | Philips Nv | Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van een scandaatnaleveringskathode en scandaatnaleveringskathode vervaardigd volgens deze werkwijze. |
| US4810926A (en) * | 1987-07-13 | 1989-03-07 | Syracuse University | Impregnated thermionic cathode |
| KR910003698B1 (en) * | 1988-11-11 | 1991-06-08 | Samsung Electronic Devices | Cavity reservoir type dispenser cathode and method of the same |
| US5007874A (en) * | 1990-10-15 | 1991-04-16 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Method of making a cathode from tungsten and iridium powders using a reaction product from reacting a group III A metal with barium peroxide as an impregnant |
| DE4114856A1 (de) * | 1991-05-07 | 1992-11-12 | Licentia Gmbh | Vorratskathode und verfahren zu deren herstellung |
| US5114742A (en) * | 1991-07-17 | 1992-05-19 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Preparing a scandate cathode by impregnating a porous tungsten billet with Ba3 Al2 O6, coating the top surface with a mixture of Sc6 WO12, Sc2 (WO4)3, and W in a 1:3:2 mole ratio, and heating in a vacuum |
| DE69204956T2 (de) * | 1991-09-18 | 1996-05-02 | Nippon Electric Co | Impregnierte Kathode und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung. |
| JP2985467B2 (ja) * | 1992-01-22 | 1999-11-29 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 含浸型カソードの製造方法 |
| GB2279495A (en) * | 1993-06-22 | 1995-01-04 | Thorn Microwave Devices Limite | Thermionic cathode |
| US5407633A (en) * | 1994-03-15 | 1995-04-18 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Method of manufacturing a dispenser cathode |
| JPH11339633A (ja) * | 1997-11-04 | 1999-12-10 | Sony Corp | 含浸型陰極およびその製造方法、並びに電子銃および電子管 |
-
2001
- 2001-05-02 DE DE10121445A patent/DE10121445A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-04-30 US US10/135,338 patent/US20020193041A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-04-30 EP EP02100425A patent/EP1255274A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-05-02 JP JP2002130489A patent/JP2003016931A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20020193041A1 (en) | 2002-12-19 |
| DE10121445A1 (de) | 2002-11-07 |
| JP2003016931A (ja) | 2003-01-17 |
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