Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
  • E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
  • E21B19/008—Winding units, specially adapted for drilling operations
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
  • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
  • B66D1/02—Driving gear
  • B66D1/14—Power transmissions between power sources and drums or barrels
  • B66D1/22—Planetary or differential gearings, i.e. with planet gears having movable axes of rotation
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
  • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
  • B66D1/54—Safety gear
  • B66D1/58—Safety gear responsive to excess of load
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
  • B66D5/00—Braking or detent devices characterised by application to lifting or hoisting gear, e.g. for controlling the lowering of loads
  • B66D5/02—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes
  • B66D5/12—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes with axial effect
  • B66D5/14—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes with axial effect embodying discs

Definitions

• the invention relates to a hoist of the type corresponding to the preamble of claim 1
• Lifting devices of this type serve to lower and catch up a load, in particular a drilling device, for example from a platform into a borehole or onto the seabed. They have a flexible traction device on one end of which is attached to the drilling device. The other end of the traction device is on a rotatably mounted winding drum attached, with which the traction device can be wound up and unwound
• At least one rotary drive device is provided for the rotary drive of the drum.
• the latter regularly includes a direct current motor.
• the direct current electric motor is followed by a manual transmission, the input shaft of which is connected to the direct current electric motor and the output shaft is coupled to the drum
• the applied torque is transmitted to the drum by means of a link chain.
• chain hoists have relatively compact external dimensions, it is disadvantageous that the chain sag that is always present in the undercut of the chain drive in the so-called "four-quadrant case"", in which both the lifting and lowering of the load can be accelerated as well as braked, switch to the upper flap and this results in jerky operation with considerable force peaks acting on the traction device. there is a considerable risk, since the tensile strength of the traction means can be exceeded by these force peaks, which would lead to the pulling means being torn off with the devastating consequences associated therewith
• the invention is therefore based on the object of creating a lifting mechanism with which four-quadrant operation is possible, which is operated with direct current and whose overall length is reduced
• the construction length of the elevator is considerably reduced.
• the length of the elevator is long thus essentially determined by the drum and the units connected upstream or downstream in the direction of the drum axis
• Output shafts of the manual transmission are arranged lying on a common straight line. A deflection of the drive torques, which would mean increased effort and also and drive losses, is thereby avoided
• the drum is preferably connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a rotatably mounted drum shaft
• the drum shaft is then preferably connected to the output side of a drive unit, the input side of which is coupled to the output shaft of the gearbox
• the gear unit is preferably a gear transmission which has an idler gear for bridging the distance between the output shaft of the manual transmission and the drum shaft
• drum shaft is coupled at one end to a mechanically acting braking device and at the other end to an electrically acting braking device, a high braking torque can be exerted on the drum if necessary by simultaneous actuation of the two braking devices without there being only one-sided torsional forces on the drum shaft, as is the case would be if only one end of the drum shaft were coupled to braking devices
• the mechanically acting braking device is preferably a disc brake, the electromagnetically acting braking device is an eddy current brake
• the lifting mechanism according to the invention preferably has a second rotary drive device with a rotary auxiliary motor and a manual transmission
• the drive shaft of the rotary anti-friction motor and the input and output shaft of the gearbox of the second rotary drive device are arranged on a common straight line, which - particularly preferably - coincides with the axis of rotation of the output shaft of the gearbox of the first rotary drive arrangement
• the output shafts are preferably both directly coupled to the input side of the gear unit, which can be implemented constructively by being operatively connected to the same gear input wheel
• the overall length of this elevator which is equipped with two rotary drive devices, does not increase, or only insignificantly
• the manual transmissions are preferably equipped with a safety device which, when a maximum permissible torque on the input shaft is exceeded, automatically switches the transmission into the gear ratio of the greatest ratio of the speed of the input shaft to the speed of the output shaft
• FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of an elevator according to the invention in a side view (view A in FIG. 2)
• Fig. 2 shows the same elevator as in Fig 1 in a view from above (view B in Fig 1) and
• Fig. 3 shows the same elevator in a perspective view
• the elevator designated as a whole with 100 comprises a frame 1 of a rectangular plan, which consists of welded double-T steel girders 2.
• the components of the elevator described below are fastened by screwing onto the upper horizontal surfaces 3 of the girders
• the elevator 100 comprises a flexible traction means 4, which is designed as a steel cable and can be wound up and unwound by means of a drum 5
• the drum 5 is non-rotatably mounted on a drum shaft 6, the axis S of which runs parallel to the longitudinal sides 7 of the frame 1. It is mounted in bearing blocks 8, 9 which are arranged beyond the two end faces 10, 11 of the drum 5.
• the illustrated end of the drum shaft 6 is rotatably fastened to the disk 12 of a disk brake arrangement 13 which comprises two brake calipers 14, 15 offset in the direction of rotation of the axis S by means of the disk brake arrangement 13.
• the rotational speed of the drum 5 can be braked during the unwinding process of the flexible traction device 4 or also be completely blocked Beyond the other end 11, the drum shaft 6 is connected to the output side 16 of a gear unit 17, which will be described in more detail below, and to an eddy current brake 18 connected in the direction of the axis S, the latter also serving to brake the unwinding speed of the drum 5
• a gear unit 17 which will be described in more detail below
• an eddy current brake 18 connected in the direction of the axis S
• drum 5, eddy current brake 18 and between the drum 5 and the eddy current brake 18 on the output side 16 of the gear unit 17, two rotating auxiliary devices 19, 20 are attached to the frame 1.
• Drive mechanisms 19, 20 comprise a direct current electric motor 21, 22, the output shaft of which is connected to the input shaft 23, 24 of a gearbox 25, 26 in a rotationally fixed manner
• the manual transmissions 25, 26 are of a type known for use in lifting plants, which will not be discussed in greater detail in the context of this description.
• the rotary drive devices 19, 20 are arranged spatially in such a way that the output shafts 27, 28 of the manual transmissions 25, 26 are facing each other and the axes of rotation T, T of the output shafts 27, 28 lie on a common straight line.
• Both output shafts 27, 28 are connected to the input side 29 of the gear unit 17 and act on a gearwheel which is not recognizable in the drawing and which has an intermediate gearwheel 30 is connected to the drum shaft 6 on a gear wheel (not shown) provided on the output side 16 of the gear unit 17.
• the gear arrangement 17 is therefore used to transmit torques between the output shafts 27, 28 of the gearbox 25, 26 and the drum shaft 6 in the case of winding the flexible traction means 4 on the drum 5 drive the swivel ebsein- directionunge ⁇ 19, 20 on the drum shaft 6, the braking of the drum 5 required in the case of unwinding flexible traction means 4 from the drum 5 can also be carried out by the DC motors 21, 22, which then act as generators. As a result, the kinetic energy the rotating drum is converted into electrical energy, energy can be saved in this way by jerk feeding if desired
• An important advantage of the coupling of the output shafts 27, 28 of the manual transmission 25, 26 to the drum shaft 6 via the gear unit 17 equipped with the gearwheel is that the lifting mechanism according to the invention can be operated in what is known as four-quadrant operation.
• Four-quadrant operation means that both when lifting and when lowering the load on the flexible traction means 4, the drum 5 with the rotary mechanisms 19, 20 can both be accelerated and braked
• the manual transmissions 25, 26 are equipped with a safety clutch, which cannot be seen in the drawing, and which automatically select the smallest transmission ratio between the input shafts 23, 24 and the output shafts 27, 28 in the event of overloading of the driving DC motor 21, 22 in order to prevent the electric motors 21 , 22 to minimize torque to be applied in this operating state.
• the safety clutch is designed in such a way that in this "first" gear a spring force-induced application prevents the clutch from loosening regardless of the existing hydraulic pressure, by means of which the clutch is actuated, and thus torque transmission from the Input shafts 23, 24 are ensured on the output shafts 27, 28.
• a retraction device is preferably integrated in the lifting mechanism according to the invention, which is suitable for lowering and lifting the drilling device even during the drilling operation and which de press the pressing force s Drilling device on the bottom of the borehole to a desired value.
• the estate device can be operated in the following three different ways
• the release device detects the force with which the drilling device is applied to the bottom of the borehole and regulates it to a predetermined value
• the elevator according to the invention is further equipped with a double filter system, not recognizable in the drawing, with which the necessary for the operation of the hydraulically driven components of the elevator, for example the disc brake arrangement 13 and the manual transmission 25, 26 Hydraulic oil is filtered effectively.
• the two filters of this double filter system are installed in flow branches that can be switched on and off independently of one another in the hydraulic circuit. This has the effect that - as soon as the filter capacity of one of the two filters is exhausted - it is possible to switch over to the other filter without interrupting operation.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Geology (AREA)
• Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• Cage And Drive Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
• Gear Transmission (AREA)
• Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
• Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
• Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
• Massaging Devices (AREA)
• Blinds (AREA)
• Window Of Vehicle (AREA)
• Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
• Magnetic Heads (AREA)
• Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
• Noodles (AREA)
• Advancing Webs (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

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• 2000
  • 2000-02-28 DE DE20003513U patent/DE20003513U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 2001
  • 2001-02-14 PT PT01916995T patent/PT1259455E/pt unknown
  • 2001-02-14 US US10/220,367 patent/US6793203B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2001-02-14 AT AT01916995T patent/ATE290994T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2001-02-14 CN CNB018057128A patent/CN1222465C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2001-02-14 RU RU2002125883/11A patent/RU2254287C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2001-02-14 DE DE50105617T patent/DE50105617D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2001-02-14 EP EP01916995A patent/EP1259455B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2001-02-14 WO PCT/EP2001/001613 patent/WO2001064573A2/fr not_active Ceased
• 2002
  • 2002-08-27 NO NO20024083A patent/NO321816B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation

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