EP1272320A2 - Materiau granuleux en plastique - Google Patents

Materiau granuleux en plastique

Info

Publication number
EP1272320A2
EP1272320A2 EP01966761A EP01966761A EP1272320A2 EP 1272320 A2 EP1272320 A2 EP 1272320A2 EP 01966761 A EP01966761 A EP 01966761A EP 01966761 A EP01966761 A EP 01966761A EP 1272320 A2 EP1272320 A2 EP 1272320A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fibres
granulate
plastic
thermoplastic polymer
bundle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01966761A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Octave Willem Marie Hansen
Joseph Paulus Hubertus Boyens
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SABIC Polypropylenes BV
Original Assignee
DSM NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DSM NV filed Critical DSM NV
Publication of EP1272320A2 publication Critical patent/EP1272320A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B9/00—Making granules
    • B29B9/12—Making granules characterised by structure or composition
    • B29B9/14—Making granules characterised by structure or composition fibre-reinforced
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/58—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/72—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29B7/726—Measuring properties of mixture, e.g. temperature or density
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B9/00—Making granules
    • B29B9/16—Auxiliary treatment of granules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B9/00—Making granules
    • B29B9/02—Making granules by dividing preformed material
    • B29B9/06—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2311/00—Use of natural products or their composites, not provided for in groups B29K2201/00 - B29K2309/00, as reinforcement
    • B29K2311/10—Natural fibres, e.g. wool or cotton

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plastic granulate on the basis of a thermoplastic polymer and natural fibres.
  • the invention also relates to a process for the preparation of such a granulate, as well as to a moulding made thereof.
  • Such a granulate is known from EP-A-865,891 , which describes how the granulate is obtained by mixing chopped natural fibres with a thermoplastic polymer, followed by production of a granulate.
  • the granulate thus obtained is for instance used as a starting material for mouldings, produced with application of techniques such as injection moulding.
  • the material is brought to a high temperature, i.e. the processing temperature of the thermoplastic polymer, which temperature is mostly 40-100 °C above the melting temperature of the polymer.
  • a high temperature i.e. the processing temperature of the thermoplastic polymer, which temperature is mostly 40-100 °C above the melting temperature of the polymer.
  • the natural fibres are also exposed to these high temperatures. At those temperatures the natural fibres are exposed to a high thermal and mechanical burden, which results in degradation and decomposition of the fibres and thus ultimately loss of the properties of the moulding.
  • the aim of the invention is a plastic granulate on the basis of a thermoplastic polymer and natural fibres, obtained with much less thermal and mechanical burdening of the natural fibres, due to which the formation of a moulding from such a granulate gives an object having improved properties.
  • the plastic granulate according to the invention is characterized in that the granulate comprises a bundle of natural fibres, predominantly oriented in the longitudinal direction of the granulate, the bundle being provided with a sheath of the thermoplastic polymer and the fibre bundle being as long or virtually as long as the granulate, and wherein the decomposition temperature of the natural fibres is 20 to 80 °C higher than the melting point of the thermoplastic polymer.
  • the granulate according to the invention thus contains a bundle of natural fibres (in the following also referred to as 'rope') provided with a sheath made of a thermoplastic polymer.
  • the type of rope as such is not really relevant to the invention, much less than the fact that the rope is provided with a sheath, i.e. the outer surface of the rope is sheathed with the thermoplastic polymer.
  • the thermoplastic polymer can at most be partially present between the fibres of the rope, i.e. there is no full impregnation of the rope.
  • the fact is that the characteristic feature of the invention is that during the preparation of the granulate the fibre bundle as a whole, i.e.
  • the rope is only subjected virtually exclusively to a thermal treatment for a relatively short time, while in the case of full impregnation (like in the prior art) this thermal effect affects every fibre of the bundle, resulting in much more fibre degradation.
  • the fibres in the granulate according to the invention thus preserve their original properties to a high extent or even completely.
  • the fibre material used for the rope present in the granulate according to the invention can be any natural material, of vegetable as well as animal origin.
  • the fibre material is preferably selected from the group comprising jute, flax, kenaf, sisal and hemp fibres, but cotton and silk fibres are also quite suitable. Mixtures of two or more of these fibres can also be present, either in one mixed rope, or in the form of separate ropes.
  • the granulate can also comprise a mixture of natural and other fibres.
  • the latter can be for instance plastic fibres (such as polyolefin, aramid or polyester fibres), inorganic fibres (such as glass or metal fibres) or carbon fibres.
  • plastic fibres and/or glass fibres are used.
  • Such other fibres can be present in one mixed rope together with the natural fibres, but also be present separately in the plastic granulate.
  • the fibres can optionally be provided with an oil or with a sizing, in combination with an adhesion improvement agent if required.
  • adhesion improvement agent which are known perse to the person skilled in the art, promote the dispersion in and/or the adhesion of the fibres to the thermoplast of the moulding to be produced ultimately.
  • thermoplastic polymer For a plastic granulate according to the invention it is important that the difference between on the one hand the temperature at which the natural fibres begin to degrade or decompose significantly and on the other hand the melting point of the thermoplastic polymer is sufficiently large.
  • the decomposition temperature of the natural fibres must therefore be 20 to 80 °C, preferably 35-70 °C, higher than the melting point of the thermoplastic polymer.
  • thermoplastic material for the plastic granulate of the invention is in principle any thermoplastic polymer which satisfies the above- mentioned condition concerning the melting point in relation with the decomposition temperature of the natural fibre.
  • Particularly suitable are polyolefins and polyolefin-based polymer systems (such as blends of a polyolefin and a non- cross-linked or cross-linked rubber, as in a thermoplastic elastomer vulcanizate).
  • the polyolefin is preferably chosen from the group of polyethylene and polypropylene, both the homopolymers and the copolymers being suitable. A person skilled in the art is familiar with such materials.
  • Thermosetting materials which are thermoplastic during the preparation of the plastic granulate and are only cured in the final processing stage are also suitable as material for the granulate according to the invention.
  • the length and the diameter of the granulate are not critical as such. Generally, the length of the granulate is ⁇ 50 mm, the diameter ⁇ 15 mm. For practical purposes it is preferred for the granulate to have a length of 5-40 mm and a diameter of 1-10 mm.
  • the fibre content of the plastic granulate according to the invention can in principle be chosen freely, depending on the further use of the granulate. If the granulate is supplied in the form of a masterbatch, the fibre content will generally be high, while if the granulate is used as such a lower fibre content will mostly be used. On the whole the granulate preferably contains 20-85 wt.% fibres.
  • the granulate already has features which will promote said dispersion in the moulding.
  • One such feature is that the rope is a bundle of the natural fibres and readily flowing plastic fibres (i.e. fibres which melt in the moulding process and have a low viscosity then) so that the thermoplastic material spreads well through the fibres.
  • the sheath of the plastic granulate viewed from the core of the granulate, consists of a first layer of a low- viscous thermoplastic polymer and a second layer of a high-viscous thermoplastic polymer, the ratio of the melt indices of the two polymers lying between 10 and 100.
  • the melt index of the first layer preferably lies between 50 and 250 and the melt index of the second layer preferably between 0.1 and 25, both values being determined in accordance with ISO 1133.
  • the thermoplastic polymers are preferably of the same type or compatible with each other. It should also be ensured, for instance by means of an adhesion promoter, that in the moulding there is good contact between the original sheath material and the fibres.
  • the plastic granulate according to the invention can further contain the ingredients that are required for plastic objects, such as antioxidants, UV stabilizers, fillers, colorants, etc. Such ingredients are known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the invention also relates to a process for the preparation of a plastic granulate as described above.
  • a preparation process it is important that the fibres are supplied in such a form that in the sheathing procedure a granulate is obtained in which the fibres are predominantly oriented in the longitudinal direction of the granulate.
  • the fibres should be combined to form one or more continuous bundles or ropes.
  • the manufacture of such a bundle or rope as such is known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the ropes can be of a single natural or of another fibre, they can also be a mixture of natural fibres, a mixture of one or more natural fibres with other fibres, etc.
  • the process according to the invention is characterized in that one or more continuous bundles of the natural fibres, optionally mixed or jointed with other fibres, is sheathed with a melt of the thermoplastic polymer, after which the product obtained (the extrudate) is cooled and cut up to the desired length.
  • the product obtained the extrudate
  • the thermoplastic polymer is heated, using an extruder for instance, to a temperature above the melting point and as such supplied to the sheathing apparatus.
  • the continuous bundle(s) of (natural) fibres is preferably sheathed in a first step with a low-viscous thermoplastic polymer and subsequently or simultaneously with a high-viscous polymer, with the ratio of the melt indices of the two polymers lying between 10 and 100.
  • the melt index of the low-viscous thermoplastic polymer preferably lies between 50 and 250, while the melt index of the high-viscous thermoplastic polymer lies between 0.1 and 25, both measured according to ISO 1133.
  • the residence time, in particular that of the natural fibres, during the sheathing process is relatively short, without the occurrence of mechanical degradation of these fibres and only minor, if any, thermal degradation of the natural fibres.
  • the contact times in the sheathing process are in general from 0.5 and 1.0 second; then the product obtained is cooled down already. According as the ratio of the mass of the sheath to the mass of the fibres decreases, the effect of the invention, i.e. diminishing/eliminating the degradation of the natural fibre, increases.
  • the proportion of fibres is therefore preferably between 20 and 85 wt.%.
  • the process of the present invention has the further advantage that, compared to prior art processes, the moisture content of the fibres is less critical; pre-drying of the fibres is now optional, instead of necessary.
  • the continuous bundle of natural fibres can also contain fibres of a thermoplastic, preferably a plastic which will melt in a subsequent shaping process and have a low viscosity, which promotes the dispersion of the natural fibres in the moulding.
  • the invention also relates to a moulding made out of a plastic granulate according to the invention, for instance by injection moulding, by in- mould decorating, by extrusion (optionally followed by deep drawing) or by extrusion followed by compression.
  • a moulding process the granulate is fed to a moulding machine, is heated to the moulding temperature, and the moulding is obtained.
  • An alternative to this moulding process can be to feed the extrudate from the sheating process directly (i.e. without the extrudate being cooled and cut up to granulate) to the moulding machine, a machine as described before. In such a process a second heating step is avoided.
  • a bundle of jute fibres was sheated in an extruder with a polypropyle polymer.
  • the bundle comprised 3 strands of jute, having a total tex of 2000 grams/1000 mtr.
  • the polypropylene polymer was a homopolymer with a melt-index (at
  • the polymer also comprised Polybond®, a maleic acid anhydride modified polypropylene from
  • the extruder was provided with a fibre bundle guide (U4SCC) from Unitek (AT), together with pinoles having a diameter of 2.9 mm, mounted at a right angle to the extruder.
  • U4SCC fibre bundle guide
  • the jute bundle was passed through the extruder head at a speed of 50 m/min and sheated with the polypropylene having a melt temperature of 249 °C.
  • the so obtained strand was fed through a waterbath, cooled to
  • the granulate had a fibre content of 35 wt.%.
  • This granulate was injection moulded to test bars with a moulding machine from Netstal (DE), and a force of 130 ton. The temperature applied was 230 °C, the injection time was 4 sec.
  • Comparative experiment A The granulate of Example I was fed to a ZSK 30 twin-screw extruder from Werner and Pfleiderer (DE); the extruder had a mild screw design, appropriate for dispersing the fibres in the polymer melt.
  • the screw speed was 250 RPM, the melt temperature 230 °C, the through-put 12 kg/hour.
  • the obtained strand was cut into granulate and used for injection moulding as per Example I.
  • Example I was repeated, but now with polyethylene (Vestolen® 1640LO from DSM), said polymer also comprising Yparex®, a maleic acid anhydride modified polyethylene from DSM, as adhesion improver.
  • the temperature of the melt during the sheating process was 239 °C, and during the moulding process 225 °C. Comparative experiment B
  • Comparative experiment A was repeated, but now with the granulate obtained in Example II.
  • the temperature of the melt in the ZSK was 211 °C; the throughput was 5 kg/hour.
  • test bars were tested for several properties:
  • test bars from comparative experiments A and B showed black discoloration.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un matériau granuleux en plastique à base de polymère thermoplastique et de fibres naturelles. Le produit se présente sous la forme d'un faisceau de fibres naturelles, orientées de façon prédominante dans le sens longitudinal du matériau, avec un manchon de polymère thermoplastique. L'invention concerne également un procédé pour la fabrication de ce matériau, et un moulage réalisé à partir dudit matériau.
EP01966761A 2000-04-12 2001-04-10 Materiau granuleux en plastique Withdrawn EP1272320A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL1014918 2000-04-12
NL1014918A NL1014918C2 (nl) 2000-04-12 2000-04-12 Kunststofgranulaat.
PCT/NL2001/000286 WO2001076841A2 (fr) 2000-04-12 2001-04-10 Materiau granuleux en plastique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1272320A2 true EP1272320A2 (fr) 2003-01-08

Family

ID=19771196

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01966761A Withdrawn EP1272320A2 (fr) 2000-04-12 2001-04-10 Materiau granuleux en plastique

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1272320A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2003530242A (fr)
KR (1) KR20020087137A (fr)
AU (1) AU2001289314A1 (fr)
BR (1) BR0110016A (fr)
CA (1) CA2406263A1 (fr)
MX (1) MXPA02010188A (fr)
NL (1) NL1014918C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001076841A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI20030310A0 (fi) * 2003-02-28 2003-02-28 T Mi Flaxwood Tapio Parviainen Menetelmä soittimen valmistamiseksi ja soitin
DE102007055103A1 (de) * 2007-11-16 2009-05-20 Mischok, Jürgen Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mit Naturfasern verstärkten Kunststoffs
ES2376076T3 (es) * 2007-12-21 2012-03-08 Saudi Basic Industries Corporation Procedimiento para producir composiciones termopl�?sticas reforzadas con fibra de vidrio larga.
WO2009082350A2 (fr) * 2007-12-21 2009-07-02 Antal Boldizar Procédé de fabrication de pastilles composites polymère/fibre naturelle et/ou de pastilles agent de couplage/fibre naturelle et pastilles obtenues par le procédé

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0170245A2 (fr) * 1981-01-21 1986-02-05 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Granulés de matériaux composites renforcés de fibres et leur procédé de fabrication

Family Cites Families (11)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2053582A5 (en) * 1969-07-09 1971-04-16 Ciraud Pierre Resin wetted fibre prodn
DE875351T1 (de) * 1981-01-21 1999-11-04 Kawasaki Chemical Holding Co., Inc. Geformte Gegenstände aus faserverstärktem Kunststoff
JPH03130132A (ja) * 1989-06-30 1991-06-03 Yasushi Ninomiya 天然繊維補強成形物およびその製造方法
JPH05177629A (ja) * 1991-03-08 1993-07-20 Asahi Fiber Glass Co Ltd ペレットの製造法
JPH08281675A (ja) * 1995-02-14 1996-10-29 Kobe Steel Ltd 繊維強化樹脂成形品及び成形方法並びに成形装置
DE19632960A1 (de) * 1996-08-16 1998-02-19 Rummel Matratzen Gmbh & Co Elastische Kunststoffleiste, insbesondere für Lattenroste von Liegemöbeln
CH691958A5 (de) * 1997-03-10 2001-12-14 Genossenschaft Biomasse Techno Faserbewehrtes Granulat zum Spritzgiessen von bakteriell abbaubaren Formteilen und ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von bakteriell abbaubarem faserbewehrtem Granulat.
DE19711247C2 (de) * 1997-03-18 1999-09-23 Thueringisches Inst Textil Verfahren zur Herstellung von Langfasergranulat auf der Basis von Faserband
ATA151398A (de) * 1998-09-07 2004-02-15 Isosport Verbundbauteile Verfahren zur herstellung von mit naturfasermatten verstärkten thermoplastplatten sowie deren vorteilhafte verwendung
NL1010646C2 (nl) * 1998-11-25 1999-11-19 Dsm Nv Vezelversterkte granulaatkorrels en vervaardiging daarvan.
DE29911623U1 (de) * 1999-03-25 1999-09-23 Thueringisches Inst Textil Langfasergranulat aus thermoplastischen Stapelfasern und Verstärkungsstapelfasern

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0170245A2 (fr) * 1981-01-21 1986-02-05 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Granulés de matériaux composites renforcés de fibres et leur procédé de fabrication

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2001076841A3 (fr) 2002-08-15
KR20020087137A (ko) 2002-11-21
MXPA02010188A (es) 2003-03-10
WO2001076841A2 (fr) 2001-10-18
CA2406263A1 (fr) 2001-10-18
AU2001289314A1 (en) 2001-10-23
NL1014918C2 (nl) 2001-10-16
BR0110016A (pt) 2003-12-30
JP2003530242A (ja) 2003-10-14

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