EP1275930A1 - Sicherheitszündvorrichtung für pyrotechnische Munition, die auf langsame Erwärmung reagiert - Google Patents

Sicherheitszündvorrichtung für pyrotechnische Munition, die auf langsame Erwärmung reagiert Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1275930A1
EP1275930A1 EP02291530A EP02291530A EP1275930A1 EP 1275930 A1 EP1275930 A1 EP 1275930A1 EP 02291530 A EP02291530 A EP 02291530A EP 02291530 A EP02291530 A EP 02291530A EP 1275930 A1 EP1275930 A1 EP 1275930A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pyrotechnic
igniter
ammunition
safety
solid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02291530A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1275930B1 (de
Inventor
Alain Bonnel
Dominique Houdusse
Bruno Nouguez
Alain Tinet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eurenco SA
Original Assignee
Societe Nationale des Poudres et Explosifs
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Societe Nationale des Poudres et Explosifs filed Critical Societe Nationale des Poudres et Explosifs
Publication of EP1275930A1 publication Critical patent/EP1275930A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1275930B1 publication Critical patent/EP1275930B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
    • F42C19/02—Fuze bodies; Fuze housings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
    • C06B45/04—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive
    • C06B45/06—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive the solid solution or matrix containing an organic component
    • C06B45/10—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive the solid solution or matrix containing an organic component the organic component containing a resin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
    • C06C9/00—Chemical contact igniters; Chemical lighters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B39/00—Packaging or storage of ammunition or explosive charges; Safety features thereof; Cartridge belts or bags
    • F42B39/20—Packages or ammunition having valves for pressure-equalising; Packages or ammunition having plugs for pressure release, e.g. meltable ; Blow-out panels; Venting arrangements

Definitions

  • the present invention is in the field general pyrotechnic munitions, plus particularly in the field of explosive ordnance.
  • a safety igniter for a pyrotechnic munition element comprising a envelope-shaped structure and a loading pyrotechnic substance contained in the structure, said igniter being intended to generate combustion without detonation of the pyrotechnic charge when the element ammunition is subjected to slow heating.
  • Ammunition elements loaded with explosives such missile heads, bomb bodies, penetrators and submarine ammunition can lead to violent reactions, deflagration or detonation, because of their strong confinement.
  • the deconfinement system may consist of opaque leaflets at a preset pressure which play the role of safety valve by releasing a evacuation surface to generated decomposition gases by the pyrotechnic reaction.
  • Other techniques exist such as the use of fusible elements, cutting cords or rupture primers.
  • slow heating solicitation (slow Cook Off) is classically specified and consists of subject a munition item to a warm-up a few degrees per hour until his reaction pyrotechnic that can intervene after several dozens of hours. These reactions can be very violent because they start in some cases in the heart pyrotechnic material, in a medium that will have the time to degrade by pyrolysis of the binder and start of chemical decomposition of active ingredients.
  • Heart starts are frequently observed with the large caliber ammunition (bombs, penetrators, submarine ammunition). They are there consequence of the thermally insulating nature of explosive and early exothermic decomposition at within the material.
  • the heat released can not evacuate to the outside and generates an elevation additional internal temperature that accelerates further decomposition to the bulk reaction. The larger the dimensions, the lower is the reaction temperature.
  • the ignition pellets contained in the tube preferably consist of a mixture of boron and of barium chromate.
  • chromate barium is particularly toxic, carcinogenic, and that it causes heritable genetic damage. Of more, under thermal stresses, it emits fumes also very toxic.
  • the present invention proposes a solution to this problem and is mainly concerned with a new security igniter for ammunition element pyrotechnic comprising a shaped structure envelope and a solid pyrotechnic charge contained in the structure, said igniter being intended to generate combustion without detonation of the load pyrotechnic when the ammunition element is subjected to a slow warm-up.
  • This new safety igniter according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises a block in solid composition based on pentrite, and preferentially, in that it is solely constituted by such a block.
  • Such a safety igniter is particularly simple to manufacture and insert into the element of ammunition. Monobloc, it presents properties intrinsic mechanics sufficient not requiring inert housing such as a plastic tube.
  • this block in solid composition based on pentrite is a detonable material bringing energy additional in the context of normal use of the ammunition, which is not the case of the aforementioned igniters of the state of the art that are not detachable.
  • This duality of function, security igniter in the part of a slow and explosive heating in the frame of normal use of the ammunition, which is specific to the present invention is particularly advantageous.
  • constituents of the safety igniter according to the invention are neither toxic or carcinogenic, and that fumes from combustion are not particularly toxic.
  • composition based on pentrite it is necessary to otherwise include a composition having a weight in pentrite ⁇ 5%, better still ⁇ 10%, and better ⁇ 25%, the maximum weight content being about 98%.
  • the block in solid pyrotechnic composition based on pentrite is a composite explosive (cast plastic bonded explosive).
  • Composite explosives are, so general, well known to those skilled in the art. They are obtained from binder explosive compositions plastic implemented by casting and then polymerization and consist of a loaded plastic binder containing at least one nitrated organic explosive charge like hexogen, octogen or pentrite. Other charges may also be present, oxidizing as example ammonium perchlorate, or reducing as for example aluminum.
  • the first pentrite, and possibly the other charges, explosive or non-explosive with a resin liquid polymerizable and optionally a plasticizer, then the paste is poured into a mold desired dimensions for the block. We then do polymerize the paste.
  • crosslinking agents catalysts, wetting agents, composite explosives are obtained varied.
  • the mold may consist of a machined cavity in the pyrotechnic charge solid ammunition that we want to secure.
  • the plastic binder is a polyurethane binder, the content of which is preferably between 12% and 20% by weight relative to the weight total of the composite explosive.
  • the binders polyurethanes those obtained by reaction are preferred of a polybutadiene hydroxylated with a polyisocyanate.
  • binders can be used, in particular silicone binders and polyester binders.
  • the block solid pyrotechnic composition based on pentrite is a compressed explosive, ie a binder explosive plastic implemented by compression.
  • the matter of base (molding powder) consists of granules in which the charges are coated with a material thermoplastic according to a well-known technique of the skilled person.
  • thermoplastic binder After heating the molding powder to a temperature such that the thermoplastic binder begins to soften, it is introduced into a heated mold and then compressed under high pressure, of the order of 3 bar.
  • the block solid composition based on pentrite is an explosive cast-melted, for example a pentolite (mixtures of TNT and pentrite), such as pentolite 20-80 (20% weight of pentrite and 80% by weight of tolite) and the pentolite 50-50.
  • a pentolite mixtures of TNT and pentrite
  • pentolite 20-80 (20% weight of pentrite and 80% by weight of tolite
  • pentolite 50-50 a mixture of TNT and pentrite
  • Cast-melted explosives which are well known those skilled in the art, are implemented by pouring into molds of a suspension of a granular explosive in a melted explosive, such as TNT.
  • the block solid composition based on pentrite is a pentocire, that is, an essentially constituted composition of pentrite coated with a film of wax such as beeswax or synthetic wax.
  • the coating method for example underwater, is well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the weight content of wax is preferably between 2% and 12%.
  • Such compositions can also include additives such as graphite and / or aluminum.
  • pentocires is carried out by cold pressing in the mold of a press.
  • the block solid pyrotechnic composition based on pentrite can have some form.
  • the block is in the form cylindrical, and better still in the form of a cylinder of revolution usually having a diameter between 2mm and 50mm.
  • the diameter of the block can be smaller, equal or greater than the critical diameter of the composition pyrotechnics based on pentrite constituting the block.
  • the height of the cylinder can be any. We usually uses diameter / height ratios included between 0.5 and 3, but preferably this ratio is neighbor of 1 or greater than 1.
  • the temperature of reaction of the safety igniter when the element of ammunition is subjected to slow heating, is a decreasing function of the block diameter, and that one can so very easily predetermine the temperature of reaction of the safety igniter depending on the diameter of the block, for a given composition and a given diameter / height ratio.
  • This particularly easy temperature setting reaction of the safety igniter offers an advantage significant to change the safety margins of a given ammunition, or to use similar igniters composition in ammunition with pyrotechnic charges of different compositions.
  • the present invention also relates to a pyrotechnic munition element comprising a envelope-shaped structure, generally metallic and for example steel, a solid pyrotechnic charge contained in the structure, a device for deconfinement of the structure, for example a system as mentioned above, and a safety igniter also as mentioned above and object of the present invention to generate combustion without detonation pyrotechnic charge when ammunition item is subject to slow heating.
  • a pyrotechnic munition element comprising a envelope-shaped structure, generally metallic and for example steel, a solid pyrotechnic charge contained in the structure, a device for deconfinement of the structure, for example a system as mentioned above, and a safety igniter also as mentioned above and object of the present invention to generate combustion without detonation pyrotechnic charge when ammunition item is subject to slow heating.
  • the solid pyrotechnic charge contained in the structure is preferably explosive.
  • the explosive charge is preferably an explosive composite but it can also be for example a compressed explosive, a cast-melted explosive for example tolite base, or an explosive-wax.
  • the solid pyrotechnic charge contained in the structure can however be a propulsive load, for example a solid propellant, preferably a composite propellant.
  • the safety igniter allows, in situation of slow heating, to generate combustion without detonation of the cargo but also without propulsion the ammunition element, structure or fragments of structure.
  • the safety igniter is located near the deconfinement device of the structure, so as to facilitate the escape of the combustion gases.
  • the igniter is at least partially embedded in the solid pyrotechnic charge.
  • a housing for igniter can also be realized during the manufacture of molding loading using a removable core.
  • the igniter is then placed in housing.
  • a collage can be realized to promote the maintenance of the igniter in the housing.
  • the igniter may also not be at least partially embedded in the load, ie being independent of loading. It can be for example maintained in the structure using usual fasteners, or even drowned in a foam located in a chamber for the expansion of gases near the deconfinement device.
  • the element of ammunition when the element of ammunition is subjected to slow heating and that the temperature reaches the reaction temperature predetermined safety igniter, this one ignites. Hot gases and resulting particles of the igniter's combustion then initiate the burning of the ammunition load that burns without detonate or propel the ammunition element, the structure or structural fragments.
  • the present invention also relates to a process for generating combustion without detonation of a solid pyrotechnic charge content in the envelope-like structure of an element of pyrotechnic ammunition when subjected to a slow heating, said ammunition element comprising a deconfining device of the structure and a safety igniter as mentioned above according to the invention who, during the slow warm-up, reacts by simple combustion at a temperature below the temperature reaction of the pyrotechnic charge and then generates the combustion without detonation of the pyrotechnic charge.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show a section schematic longitudinal of 2 ammunition elements approximately cylindrical according to the invention.
  • the igniter 5 cylindrical safety device is totally embedded in the loading 4, one of its 2 circular flat faces constituting part of the wall of the chamber 6.
  • the igniter 5 cylindrical security is located in room 6, stalled by a ring of polyurethane foam no shown in the figure.
  • the igniters present themselves in the form of a cylindrical block of revolution having a diameter of 30mm.
  • the height of the block is 15mm for example 1 and 30mm for example 2.
  • the mass of the lighter is 17g for example 1 and 34g for example 2.
  • the composite explosive constituting these 2 igniters consists of 40% by weight of octogen, 44% by weight of pentrite and 16% by weight of a binder polyurethane based on polyoxypropylene triol and isophorone diisocyanate.
  • Example 3 Explosive ammunition element type indenter according to the invention.
  • a penetrator of 280 kg, of a 285mm caliber including a structure approximately cylindrical steel and 85 kg of a composite explosive charge consisting of octogen, ammonium perchlorate and aluminum as fillers and a polyurethane binder based on polybutadiene hydroxyl and isophorone diisocyanate as crosslinking agent.
  • This indenter has been equipped with a device decontainment of the structure consisting of operculas flappers, and on the other hand the safety igniter obtained according to Example 1, according to a provision in conformity to that schematized figure 1.
  • the safety igniter was inserted, during the carrying out the loading, in the explosive paste after its casting and before its polymerization, so that is perfectly attached to the load.
  • This indenter also comprises a gas expansion chamber 250 cm 3 volume, arranged as in Figure 1.
  • This indenter was subjected to a warm-up 3.3 ° C per hour, using a suitable oven.
  • the value of 142 ° C corresponds to the average of 10 thermocouples installed in different positions of the oven.
  • an ammunition element explosive for underwater use 500mm caliber, comprising an approximately cylindrical structure steel and 150kg of a composite explosive charge consisting of hexogen, ammonium perchlorate and aluminum as fillers and a polyurethane binder to hydroxyl polybutadiene base and isophorone diisocyanate as crosslinking agent.
  • This ammunition was equipped with a device decontainment of the structure consisting of operculas flappers, and on the other hand the safety igniter obtained according to example 2, according to a compliant disposition to that schematized figure 1.
  • the safety igniter has been inserted into the loading as described for Example 3.
  • This munition also comprises a gas expansion chamber 400 cm 3 volume, arranged as in Figure 1.
  • This element of explosive ordnance was subjected to underwater use at a slow heating of 3.3 ° C by hour, using an appropriate oven.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
EP02291530A 2001-07-13 2002-06-19 Sicherheitszündvorrichtung für pyrotechnische Munition, die auf langsame Erwärmung reagiert Expired - Lifetime EP1275930B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0109374A FR2827376B1 (fr) 2001-07-13 2001-07-13 Allumeur de securite pour element de munition pyrotechnique susceptible d'etre soumis a un echauffement lent
FR0109374 2001-07-13

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1275930A1 true EP1275930A1 (de) 2003-01-15
EP1275930B1 EP1275930B1 (de) 2005-01-19

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EP02291530A Expired - Lifetime EP1275930B1 (de) 2001-07-13 2002-06-19 Sicherheitszündvorrichtung für pyrotechnische Munition, die auf langsame Erwärmung reagiert

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US6615737B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1275930B1 (de)
JP (1) JP3934496B2 (de)
AU (1) AU783637B2 (de)
DE (1) DE60202645T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2827376B1 (de)
IL (1) IL150378A (de)
NO (1) NO323566B1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA200205465B (de)

Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2864219A1 (fr) * 2003-12-22 2005-06-24 Giat Ind Sa Dispositif de deconfinement d'une enveloppe de munition
FR2928917A1 (fr) * 2008-03-21 2009-09-25 Eurenco France Sa Revetement de finition inflammable pour chargement pyrotechnique; composition liquide precurseur dudit revetement

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US6969434B1 (en) * 2002-12-23 2005-11-29 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Castable thermobaric explosive formulations
US8414718B2 (en) * 2004-01-14 2013-04-09 Lockheed Martin Corporation Energetic material composition
DE102004020838B3 (de) * 2004-04-08 2005-06-23 Nico-Pyrotechnik Hanns-Jürgen Diederichs GmbH & Co. KG Patronenmunition, insbesondere mit mittlerem Kaliber
US7373885B2 (en) * 2005-10-28 2008-05-20 Lockheed Martin Corporation Device for venting a container housing an energetic material and method of using same
DE602006021528D1 (de) * 2006-01-17 2011-06-09 Saab Ab Eine Vorrichtung zum Anlassen des inneren Druckes für Panzerabwehrwaffe
WO2008097241A2 (en) * 2006-05-30 2008-08-14 Lockheed Martin Corporation Selectable effect warhead
US8250985B2 (en) 2006-06-06 2012-08-28 Lockheed Martin Corporation Structural metallic binders for reactive fragmentation weapons
US7472653B1 (en) * 2006-06-15 2009-01-06 United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Insensitive munitions warhead explosive venting system
DE102007025981A1 (de) * 2007-06-04 2008-12-11 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Patronenmunition, insbesondere Übungsmunition
US7886667B1 (en) * 2008-10-15 2011-02-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army More safe insensitive munition for producing a controlled fragmentation pattern
US8276516B1 (en) 2008-10-30 2012-10-02 Reynolds Systems, Inc. Apparatus for detonating a triaminotrinitrobenzene charge
US8925463B1 (en) 2009-09-03 2015-01-06 Kms Consulting, Llc Pressure relief system for gun fired cannon cartridges
FR2981443B1 (fr) 2011-10-17 2013-11-29 Sme Generateur de gaz muni d'un organe de securite pour les cas d'echauffements lents
DE102014015877B3 (de) 2014-10-24 2015-08-20 TDW Gesellschaft für verteidigungstechnische Wirksysteme mbH Einrichtung zur steuerbaren Druckentlastung eines Wirksystemes
US9759533B2 (en) 2015-03-02 2017-09-12 Nostromo Holdings, Llc Low collateral damage bi-modal warhead assembly
US10760887B2 (en) 2016-05-12 2020-09-01 Goodrich Corporation Detonation transfer assembly
US10088285B1 (en) * 2016-12-15 2018-10-02 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Cook-off mitigation systems using an uncanistered outgassing pad
US10724836B1 (en) * 2016-12-15 2020-07-28 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Cook-off mitigation systems
US10101139B1 (en) * 2016-12-15 2018-10-16 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Cook-off mitigation systems
US10801822B2 (en) * 2018-06-29 2020-10-13 Goodrich Corporation Variable stand-off assembly
CN109184954B (zh) * 2018-07-24 2021-03-12 北京理工大学 一种降低固体发动机慢速烤燃响应程度的助剂
US10746520B1 (en) 2018-10-24 2020-08-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Thermomechanical active hazard mitigation capsule
CN111879187A (zh) * 2020-07-22 2020-11-03 北京理工大学 强约束不敏感侵彻爆破战斗部结构

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US4907509A (en) * 1988-07-01 1990-03-13 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Bonfire-safe low-voltage detonator
US5786544A (en) * 1994-03-02 1998-07-28 State of Israel--Ministry of Defence, Armament Development Authority, Rafael Warhead protection device during slow cook-off test
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2864219A1 (fr) * 2003-12-22 2005-06-24 Giat Ind Sa Dispositif de deconfinement d'une enveloppe de munition
EP1548393A1 (de) * 2003-12-22 2005-06-29 Giat Industries Vorrichtung zur Entschliessung einer Munitionshülle
US7353755B2 (en) 2003-12-22 2008-04-08 Giat Industries Deconfinement device for the casing of a piece of ammunition
FR2928917A1 (fr) * 2008-03-21 2009-09-25 Eurenco France Sa Revetement de finition inflammable pour chargement pyrotechnique; composition liquide precurseur dudit revetement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6615737B2 (en) 2003-09-09
EP1275930B1 (de) 2005-01-19
AU783637B2 (en) 2005-11-17
NO20023350L (no) 2003-01-14
AU5065102A (en) 2003-01-16
FR2827376B1 (fr) 2003-12-05
FR2827376A1 (fr) 2003-01-17
ZA200205465B (en) 2003-09-04
US20030010246A1 (en) 2003-01-16
IL150378A (en) 2006-12-10
IL150378A0 (en) 2002-12-01
JP2003104789A (ja) 2003-04-09
NO323566B1 (no) 2007-06-11
JP3934496B2 (ja) 2007-06-20
DE60202645D1 (de) 2005-02-24
DE60202645T2 (de) 2005-12-29
NO20023350D0 (no) 2002-07-11

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