EP1299676A1 - Bougie crayon de prechauffage a detecteur de courant ionique et procede pour faire fonctionner une telle bougie - Google Patents

Bougie crayon de prechauffage a detecteur de courant ionique et procede pour faire fonctionner une telle bougie

Info

Publication number
EP1299676A1
EP1299676A1 EP01935973A EP01935973A EP1299676A1 EP 1299676 A1 EP1299676 A1 EP 1299676A1 EP 01935973 A EP01935973 A EP 01935973A EP 01935973 A EP01935973 A EP 01935973A EP 1299676 A1 EP1299676 A1 EP 1299676A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ion current
electrode
current detection
glow plug
heating element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01935973A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1299676B1 (fr
Inventor
Christoph Haluschka
Juergen Arnold
Christoph Kern
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE2000131894 external-priority patent/DE10031894A1/de
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1299676A1 publication Critical patent/EP1299676A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1299676B1 publication Critical patent/EP1299676B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
    • F02D35/021—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions using an ionic current sensor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P19/00—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition
    • F02P19/02—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs
    • F02P19/028—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs the glow plug being combined with or used as a sensor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
    • F23Q2007/002—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines with sensing means

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a ceramic glow plug for diesel engines with an ion current sensor according to the type of the first independent claim.
  • ceramic glow plugs are already known, which have a ceramic heating element.
  • the ceramic heating element carries an electrode made of a metallic material, which serves to detect the electrical conductivity of the ionized gas present in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • the combustion chamber wall serves as the second electrode.
  • Glow plugs which have a housing in which a rod-shaped heating element is arranged in a concentric bore.
  • the heating element consists of at least one insulation layer and a first and a second supply layer, the first and the second supply layer being connected via a web at the tip of the heating element on the combustion chamber side.
  • the insulation layer consists of electrically insulating ceramic material and the first, the second supply layer and the web consist of electrically conductive ceramic material.
  • Ion current sensor has a very simple structure and is inexpensive to manufacture.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of a glow plug can be achieved if the glow operation and the ion current measurement can take place at the same time. It is also advantageous to lead the electrode for ion current detection to the end of the heating element on the combustion chamber side, since the ion current can thus be detected in a region of the combustion chamber that is important for the combustion processes taking place in the combustion chamber. It is also advantageous to use two electrodes
  • FIG. 1 shows a glow plug with an ion current sensor according to the invention schematically in longitudinal section
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic longitudinal section through the end of a glow plug with an ion current sensor according to the combustion chamber
  • FIGS. 3a and b each show a schematic longitudinal section through the heating element of a glow plug with an ion current sensor and
  • Figure 4 is a schematic cross section through a heating element of a glow plug according to the invention with an ion current sensor.
  • a glow plug according to the invention is shown schematically in longitudinal section.
  • a tubular, preferably metallic housing 3 contains a heating element 5 in its concentric bore at the end on the combustion chamber side.
  • the heating element 5 consists of ceramic material.
  • the heating element 5 has a first feed layer 7 and a second feed layer 9, the first feed layer 7 and the second
  • Lead layer 9 consist of electrically conductive ceramic material. At the end 6 of the heating element 3 remote from the combustion chamber, the first supply layer 7 and the second supply layer 9 are connected via a web 8, which is likewise made of electrically conductive ceramic material consists. The first feed layer 7 and the second feed layer 9 are separated from one another by an insulation layer 11. The insulation layer 11 consists of electrically insulating ceramic material. The interior of the housing 3 is towards the combustion chamber by one
  • the second supply layer 9 has a contact surface 12, via which the second supply layer 9 is electrically connected to the housing 3 via the electrically conductive combustion chamber seal 13.
  • the housing 3 is connected to ground.
  • the contact surface 12 can be designed in such a way that the electrically insulating glass coating surrounding the distant end of the heating element 5 is interrupted in this area and thus an electrical contact with the
  • Combustion chamber seal 13 is made.
  • the contact surface 12 is provided with a metallic coating.
  • the connecting bolt 19 is spaced from the end of the heating element 5 remote from the combustion chamber by a ceramic spacer sleeve 27 arranged in the concentric bore of the housing 3. In the direction of the end remote from the combustion chamber, the connecting bolt 19 is passed through an adapter sleeve 29 and a metal sleeve 31. At the end of the
  • a glow plug is attached to the connector pin 19, a round plug 25, which accomplishes the electrical connection.
  • the end of the concentric bore of the housing 3 remote from the combustion chamber is sealed or electrically insulated by a hose ring 21 and an insulating disk 23.
  • the invention will be explained again in more detail with reference to FIG. Only the combustion chamber end of a glow plug according to the invention is shown schematically in longitudinal section. In comparison to FIG. 1, the heating element 5 is cut in a plane perpendicular to the sectional plane of FIG. 1. Only the insulation layer 11 is visible here. Within the insulation layer 11 extend two electrodes for ion current detection 33 and 33 ⁇ , which are widened the heating element 5 at the combustion chamber end.
  • the electrodes 33 and 33 can also be applied on the outside of the insulation layer.
  • the first electrode for ion current detection 33 is connected to a first connection 15.
  • the second electrode for ion current detection 33 ⁇ is connected to a second connection 17 at the end of the heating element 5 remote from the combustion chamber.
  • the first connection 15 and the second connection 17 are guided through the connection bolt 19 to the end of the glow plug remote from the combustion chamber.
  • the first supply layer 7 is connected to the connecting bolt 19 by means of a third connection 37.
  • FIG. 3a shows a heating element 5 in longitudinal section.
  • the first electrode for ion current detection 33 and the second electrode for ion current detection 33 ⁇ are arranged in the insulation layer 11.
  • the first electrode for ion current detection 33 is connected to the first connection 15 and the second electrode for ion current detection 33 ⁇ is connected to the second connection 17.
  • the web 8 can also be seen, which the connects the first supply layer 7 and the second supply layer 9 to one another.
  • Figure 3b shows the heating element 5, which is cut in a plane which is perpendicular to the plane in which the heating element 5, which was shown in Figure 3a) is cut.
  • the first supply layer 7 and the second supply layer 9 can be seen here, which are connected to one another at the end 6 of the heating element 5 remote from the combustion chamber via the web 8.
  • the third connection 37 is connected to the first supply layer 7 at the end of the heating element 5 remote from the combustion chamber.
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross section through the heating element 5 at the end remote from the combustion chamber for better clarification of the invention.
  • the first feed layer 7 is separated from the second feed layer 9 by the insulation layer 11.
  • the first connection 15, which is connected to the first electrode for ion current detection 33, is arranged within the insulation layer 11.
  • the second connection 17, which is connected to the second electrode for ion current detection 33 ⁇ is likewise arranged within the insulation layer 11.
  • the third connection 37 is also arranged within the first supply layer 7. It can be seen that the insulation layer is widened in the region in which these electrodes are arranged in order to better accommodate and insulate the first and second electrodes for ion current detection 33, 33 ⁇ .
  • the glow plug can be operated in such a way that when the internal combustion engine is started, the glow plug is first operated in heating mode.
  • a positive voltage is applied to the third connection 37 Mass is applied so that a current flows through the first supply layer 7, the web 8 and the second supply layer 9.
  • the electrical resistance in this way increases the temperature of the heating element and the combustion chamber, into which the combustion-chamber end of the glow plug protrudes, is heated.
  • a voltage potential is applied to the first connection 15 and the second connection 17, so that the first electrode 33 and the second electrode 33hren serve as electrodes for ion current measurement.
  • an ion current can flow from the electrodes for ion current detection 33, 33 to the combustion chamber wall, the combustion chamber wall lying on ground.
  • the first electrode for ion current detection 33 and the second electrode for ion current detection function as electrodes at the same potential next to one another.
  • the glow operation and the ion current detection can take place simultaneously with the glow plug.
  • the third connection 37 and the first and second connection 15, 17 are each connected
  • the voltage potentials can be selected such that the first electrode for ion current detection 33 and the second electrode for ion current detection 33 ⁇ are the same or differ in potential, ie, as explained above, the ion current flows via the ionized combustion chamber to the combustion chamber wall or from the first electrode to the ion current detection 33 via the ionized combustion chamber to the second electrode to the ion current detection 33 ⁇ .
  • the materials of the first feed layer 7, the web 8, the second feed layer 9, the insulation layer 11 and the electrode for ion current detection 33 and the second electrode for ion current detection 33 are to consist of ceramic material in a first embodiment. This ensures that the thermal expansion coefficients of the materials hardly differ, so that the durability of the heating element 5 is guaranteed.
  • the material of the first supply layer 7, the web 8 and the second supply layer 9 is selected such that the resistance of these layers is less than the resistance of the insulation layer 11.
  • the resistance of the first electrode for ion current detection 33 and the second electrode for ion current detection is also 33 less than the resistance of the insulation layer 11.
  • Electrode for ion current detection 33 also consist of metallic material, for example platinum.
  • Lead layer 9 the insulation layer 11 and optionally the first electrode 33 and the second electrode 33 made of ceramic composite structures, which contains at least two of the compounds AL2O3, MoSi2, Si3N4 and Y2 ° 3. These composite structures are of a single or multi-stage Sintering process available.
  • the specific resistance of the layers can preferably be determined by the MoSi2 content and / or the core size of MoSi2; the MoSi2 content of the first supply layer 7, the web 8 and the second is preferred
  • the first lead layer 7, the web 8, the second lead layer 9, the insulation layer 11 and, if appropriate, the first electrode for ion current detection 33 and the second electrode for ion current detection 33 consist of a composite precursor ceramic with different
  • the matrix of this material consists of polysiloxanes, polysequioxanes, polysilanes or polysilazanes, which can be doped with boron, nitrogen or aluminum and which are produced by pyrolysis.
  • the filler forms at least one of the compounds Al2O3, MoSi2, SiO2 and SiC for the individual layers. Analogous to the above-mentioned composite structure, the MoSi2 content and / or the grain size of MoSi2 can preferably determine the resistance of the layers.
  • the MoSi2 content of the first supply layer 7, the web 8 and the second supply layer 9 and optionally the first and second electrodes for ion current detection 33, 33 ⁇ is preferably set higher than the MoSi2 content of the insulation layer 11.
  • the supply layer 9, the insulation layer 11 and, if appropriate, the first electrode for ion current detection 33 and the second electrode for ion current detection 33 ⁇ are selected in the above-mentioned exemplary embodiments such that their thermal expansion coefficients and the shrinkage occurring during the sintering or pyrolysis process is the same, so that no cracks occur in the heating element 5.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une bougie crayon de préchauffage à détecteur de courant ionique ainsi qu'un procédé pour faire fonctionner une telle bougie. Cette dernière présente un culot (3) et un élément chauffant (5) en forme de barre, placé dans un trou concentrique du culot (3). Cet élément chauffant (5) possède au moins un couche isolante (11) ainsi qu'une première couche d'alimentation (7) et une deuxième couche d'alimentation (9), ces deux dernières (7, 9) étant reliées au niveau d'une extrémité côté chambre de combustion (6) de l'élément chauffant (5) par l'intermédiaire d'un élément de liaison (8). La première couche d'alimentation (7) et la deuxième couche d'alimentation (9) ainsi que l'élément de liaison (8) sont constitués d'un matériau céramique électroconducteur, tandis que la couche isolante (11) est constituée d'un matériau céramique électriquement isolant. L'élément de chauffage (5) présente une première électrode de détection de courant ionique (33) et une deuxième électrode de détection de courant ionique (33') qui sont incorporées dans la couche isolante (11) ou placées sur cette dernière (11).
EP01935973A 2000-06-30 2001-04-14 Bougie crayon de prechauffage a detecteur de courant ionique et procede pour faire fonctionner une telle bougie Expired - Lifetime EP1299676B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2000131894 DE10031894A1 (de) 2000-06-30 2000-06-30 Glühstiftkerze mit Ionenstromsensor sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben einer derartigen Glühstiftkerze
DE10031894 2000-06-30
PCT/DE2001/001472 WO2002002993A1 (fr) 2000-06-30 2001-04-14 Bougie crayon de prechauffage a detecteur de courant ionique et procede pour faire fonctionner une telle bougie

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1299676A1 true EP1299676A1 (fr) 2003-04-09
EP1299676B1 EP1299676B1 (fr) 2004-11-24

Family

ID=25750284

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01935973A Expired - Lifetime EP1299676B1 (fr) 2000-06-30 2001-04-14 Bougie crayon de prechauffage a detecteur de courant ionique et procede pour faire fonctionner une telle bougie

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US6921879B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1299676B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2004502125A (fr)
DE (1) DE50104623D1 (fr)
HU (1) HU224296B1 (fr)
PL (1) PL352636A1 (fr)
SK (1) SK2662002A3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002002993A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004063750A1 (de) * 2004-12-29 2006-07-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Glühstiftkerze mit integriertem Brennraumdrucksensor
US20060163065A1 (en) * 2005-01-26 2006-07-27 Woodward Governor Company Ion sensors formed with coatings
DE102005029838B4 (de) * 2005-06-27 2019-08-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Glühstiftkerze
CN101455118B (zh) * 2006-05-18 2011-08-17 日本特殊陶业株式会社 陶瓷加热器和电热塞
DE102008038485A1 (de) * 2008-08-20 2010-02-25 Uhde Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Vergasung von kohlenstoffhaltigen Brennstoffen
JP6792539B2 (ja) * 2017-10-31 2020-11-25 日本特殊陶業株式会社 流体加熱用のセラミックヒータ

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3428371A1 (de) 1984-08-01 1986-02-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Verfahren zur messung und regelung von betriebsdaten von verbrennungsmotoren
US6483079B2 (en) * 1996-04-10 2002-11-19 Denso Corporation Glow plug and method of manufacturing the same, and ion current detector
JP3605965B2 (ja) * 1996-09-12 2004-12-22 株式会社デンソー グロープラグ
US6144015A (en) 1998-09-25 2000-11-07 General Motors Corporation Glow sensor--ceramic flat plate

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO0202993A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HU224296B1 (hu) 2005-07-28
US6921879B2 (en) 2005-07-26
PL352636A1 (en) 2003-09-08
HUP0202303A2 (en) 2002-12-28
EP1299676B1 (fr) 2004-11-24
DE50104623D1 (de) 2004-12-30
US20030010766A1 (en) 2003-01-16
SK2662002A3 (en) 2002-10-08
JP2004502125A (ja) 2004-01-22
WO2002002993A1 (fr) 2002-01-10

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