EP1304455B1 - Filtre à particules pour la purification de gaz d'échappement de moteurs - Google Patents

Filtre à particules pour la purification de gaz d'échappement de moteurs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1304455B1
EP1304455B1 EP02023261A EP02023261A EP1304455B1 EP 1304455 B1 EP1304455 B1 EP 1304455B1 EP 02023261 A EP02023261 A EP 02023261A EP 02023261 A EP02023261 A EP 02023261A EP 1304455 B1 EP1304455 B1 EP 1304455B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
particulate
filter
heating means
particulate filter
exhaust
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP02023261A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1304455A1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Dr.-Ing. Zima
Roman Dr.Rer.Nat. Baican
Ronny Dipl.-Ing. Mönnig
Bruce Dr. Peters
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
    • F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
    • F01N3/0222—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being monolithic, e.g. honeycombs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/027—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0821—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with particulate filter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0871—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents using means for controlling, e.g. purging, the absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0885—Regeneration of deteriorated absorbents or adsorbents, e.g. desulfurization of NOx traps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
    • F01N2570/04—Sulfur or sulfur oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
    • F01N2570/10—Carbon or carbon oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
    • F01N2570/12—Hydrocarbons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
    • F01N2570/14—Nitrogen oxides

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a particulate filter for cleaning engine exhaust gases, with cup-shaped inlet channels, which are provided at the end with an inlet channel bottom and in which particle-laden exhaust gases, as well as adjacent parallel to the inlet channels arranged and this cup-shaped aligned outlet channels, which each end with a Outlet channel bottom are provided and which derive the purified exhaust gases, which settles through the filtering of the porous, flow-through wall portions of the inlet channel, a particle layer which is burned to regenerate the particulate filter via electrical heating means.
  • Particulate filters of this type are usually used to reduce the particulate emissions in the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines - especially diesel engines.
  • the technical effort to meet strict emission standards is significant with the current possibilities. For example, a more than 90% reduction in particulate emissions makes it essential to equip Diesel vehicles with particulate filters, for example, and also requires active measures to suffocate them.
  • additional fuel consumption of more than 5% is to be planned for this purpose, because the filter arrangement which is necessarily to be switched into the exhaust gas flow causes an increased energy requirement.
  • the energy requirement increases with increasing sooting of the particulate filter, that is with increasing particle layer.
  • the particle layer can be eliminated by burning in order to regenerate the particle filter in this respect.
  • a particle filter is out of the US 6,101,793 known.
  • the existing of a porous ceramic particulate filter has elongated pot-shaped inlet channels, in which flow the particle-laden exhaust gases generated by the diesel engine. Exhaust passages are arranged in parallel adjacent to the inlet channels, which discharge the filter-cleaned exhaust gases to the atmosphere.
  • the outlet channels are also cup-shaped, but aligned inversely to the inlet channels. In this arrangement, the filtering takes place when flowing through the porous common wall sections, forming a particle layer on the part of the inlet channel.
  • the inlet channels and the outlet channels here have a square cross-section.
  • the bottom portions of the pot-shaped channels are formed by various plugs which correspond to the channels close their orientation described above at one end.
  • this further comprises electrical heating means, which are arranged on the filter output side in the region of the openings of the outlet channels.
  • a fan which is switched on in the following exhaust pipe between the particle filter and the atmosphere cooperates with the electrical heating means for regeneration of the particle filter.
  • the fan is turned on at standstill of the diesel engine for a defined period of time, so that an air flow flows backwards over the heated electric heating means, whereby the air flow heats, so that burning of the particle layer begins.
  • the particle filter is constructed from an outer tubular filter part, in which an inner, smaller tubular filter part is coaxially inserted.
  • This second filter part is closed on the side inflicted by the particle-laden exhaust gases and thus forms a cup-shaped outlet channel.
  • the region formed between the second filter part and the first filter part is also to be regarded as a pot-shaped inlet channel.
  • a cylindrical tube-like shaped and provided with openings sieve-like heating means is arranged.
  • the passing by Particle-laden exhaust gases transport in a regeneration of the particulate filter, the heat generated by the electric heating means to the particle layer on, which thereby burns off.
  • the electrical heating means according to this prior art is integrated directly into the exhaust gas flow, so that no additional means for generating a heated air flow are required; However, the operation of the large-area cylinder-shaped heating means requires a fairly high energy consumption.
  • a generic particle filter is from the US 4 512 786 A known.
  • a cleaning device for purifying diesel exhaust gases is disclosed, which has a filter block for filtering exhaust particles in the exhaust system, wherein also a heating element for burning accumulated soot particles is provided.
  • the heating means are arranged in the channels running parallel in the filter block.
  • the invention includes the technical teaching of arranging the electrical heating means of a particulate filter in at least part of the outlet channels in the region of the outlet channel bottom in such a way that the thermal radiation emitted by the electrical heating means triggers burning off of the particle layer located in the adjoining inlet channels.
  • An advantage of the inventive arrangement of the electric heating means is that this does not disturb the flow of exhaust gas when it enters the particle filter. Since the electric heating means are located in a region of the outlet channels, which is not located in the region of the exhaust gas flow, the introduced electrical energy for heat generation is used much better. As a result, the heat given off by the electric heating means can be transferred to the adjacent filter walls mainly by heat radiation.
  • the ignition temperature for the particle layer depends on the distribution of soot, in particular on the layer thickness and the packing density as well as the soot quality over the filter length. Since the heat generated by the electrical heating means is transported on with the exhaust gas flow, the particle-layer-affected wall sections thereby heat up, which supports the regeneration of the particle filter.
  • the inventive arrangement of the electric heating means on the side of the purified exhaust gas also corrosion processes can be avoided as a result of soot and ash deposits sustainable.
  • the inventively designed particulate filter allows self-supporting regeneration, even immediately after a cold engine start in idle mode.
  • the electric heating means emit heat due to their high surface temperature, which is absorbed by the adjacent wall sections. This amount of heat starts the regeneration on the inlet side of the particulate filter. Part of the heat is released by turbulent flows in the outlet channels to the local wall sections, whereby a heating takes place.
  • the heat generated by the electric heating means is better used for regeneration and prevents interruption of Rußabbrandes with a very high probability.
  • the self-supporting oxidation of the particle layer then proceeds in the flow direction of the exhaust gas to the gas outlet side and thus restores the original exhaust backpressure of the particulate filter in the unloaded state, that is without a particle layer.
  • each of the heating channels equipped outlet channels in each case unheated - that is equipped with no electrical heating means equipped outlet - on.
  • each exhaust passage it is not necessary for each exhaust passage to be equipped with an electrical heating means. With a square channel cross-section, the number of required electrical heating means can thus be reduced to 25% of the number of outlet channels.
  • the electrical heating means are operated with a pulse width modulated supply voltage to save electrical energy.
  • This pulse width modulated supply voltage needs to be maintained only over a short defined period of time, which starts the burning of the particle layer. After the start triggered by the electrical heating means, the further burning process continues automatically because of the exothermic reaction.
  • these are preferably formed in the manner of a coiled kantal wire.
  • the electrical heating means are advantageously at least partially connected in series with each other. Thus, a burn through of individual electrical heating means does not lead to the failure of the entire particulate filter. Individual groups of series-connected heating means enable a sector-by-sector heating of the particulate filter.
  • the electrical heating means are preferably arranged protruding from the associated outlet channel bottom in the outlet channel, and to the extent that an optimal blasting in the adjacent edge regions of the inlet channels can be achieved.
  • the electric heating means need not protrude very far into the outlet channel, in order to fulfill their function according to the invention.
  • the particle filter is constructed in two parts. This consists of a disc-shaped outlet kanaiboden side particulate filter cover part, on the contact side to a particulate filter main part, the heating means are attached.
  • the particle filter cover part thus fulfills the function of a support for the electrical heating means and on the other hand also serves to form the outlet channel bottoms.
  • Both parts of the particulate filter preferably consist of the same filter material and can be produced by separation.
  • the outlet channel bottoms can be formed by plug elements introduced into the particulate filter cover part accordingly.
  • the electrical heating means are preferably attached to the particulate filter cover part by gluing with a temperature-resistant adhesive. Alternatively, it is also conceivable to detachably insert the heating means into the outlet channel bottoms of the particle filter cover part, which ensures easier replacement in the event of repair.
  • the attached to the contact side of the particulate filter cover part heating means are preferably in corresponding recesses, so that when mounted heating means a overall flat contact side to the particle filter main part out.
  • the heating means can also be arranged projecting into outlet channel sections of the particle filter cover part in the direction of the inlet side and thus be placed entirely on the part of the correspondingly thicker particle filter cover part.
  • the heating means need not necessarily be arranged in a certain direction along an exhaust passage.
  • the length of the outlet duct sections of the particulate filter cover part should be slightly larger than the length of the heating elements themselves.
  • a flow gap can also be maintained between the particulate filter cover part and the main part of the particulate filter, wherein the ducting in the particulate filter main part should be offset relative to the particulate filter cover part by correspondingly introduced plug elements, in order to provide favorable flow guidance to accomplish.
  • the electrical wiring of the heating elements can be realized in an advantageous manner. In that regard, can be dispensed with a sealed joining of the two filter parts.
  • the inventively designed particulate filter can be used in accordance with a further measure improving the invention in the context of a filter assembly in which the particulate filter directly downstream of a nitrogen oxide Abscheidermodul.
  • the nitrogen oxide separator module comes into direct contact with the gas outlet side of the particulate filter.
  • the nitrogen oxide separator module is used for the Endstickung of the exhaust gas, wherein a desulfation can be advantageously carried out.
  • the exothermic energy released in the course of the regeneration of the particle filter can also be used for the regeneration of the downstream nitrogen oxide separator, thereby significantly improving the efficiency of the entire filter arrangement.
  • This simultaneous regeneration process of particulate filter and nitrogen oxide separator also significantly reduces the control engineering effort.
  • the purified exhaust gases leaving the heated particulate filter have a temperature of up to 700 ° C. With the exhaust gas flow, this heat is transported on to the nitrogen oxide separator module where it initiates regeneration in the form of desulfation. Desulfation removes sulfate deposits in the nitrogen oxide separator module due to a relatively high sulfur content of the diesel fuel and sulfur-containing components of the oil.
  • a further particle filter can be followed, which in turn can be followed by another nitrogen oxide separator module.
  • This further particulate filter is preferably unheated and provided with a catalytic coating.
  • the multiple arrangement significantly increases the efficiency of filtering.
  • the modular design of the filter assembly also offers significant energy advantages. Thus, the compact design, a heat integration to reduce energy consumption possible and at the same time the resulting during the regeneration of uncoated particulate filter gas components CO and HC are used directly for the regeneration of the subsequent nitrogen oxide Abscheidermoduls and thus degraded.
  • FIG. 1 constructed particulate filter assembly for purifying exhaust gases of a diesel engine comprises a partened in a housing heated particulate filter 2. On the input side into the particulate filter 2 enter particle-laden exhaust gases 3, which arise during operation of a - here not shown - diesel engine.
  • the particulate filter 2 is equipped with electric heating means 4 for regeneration, which will be described in more detail in the following place.
  • the cleaned exhaust gases leaving the heated particle filter 2 are fed to an adjacent nitrogen oxide separator module 5.
  • the nitrogen oxide separator module 5 is provided with a suitable catalyst material and serves to eliminate harmful nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gases.
  • the nitrogen oxide separator module 5 is followed by a further particle filter 6, which is here, however, unheated.
  • the regeneration of this unheated particulate filter 6 is taken over the heating means 4 of the front particulate filter 2 by the heat from the particle oxidation in the particulate filter 2 with.
  • the heat required for this purpose is forwarded accordingly via the exhaust gas flow.
  • the unheated particle filter 6 is provided with a catalytic coating.
  • the unheated particle filter 6 is finally followed by a further nitrogen oxide separator module 7.
  • the exhaust gases 8 purified via this alternating filter arrangement reach the atmosphere after leaving the housing 1.
  • the heatable particle filter 2 consists of pot-shaped inlet channels 9, as well as parallel adjacent to the inlet channels 9 arranged outlet channels 10.
  • the inlet channels 9 are provided at the end with an inlet channel bottom 11; the outlet channels 10 are closed on the input side with an outlet channel bottom 12. Due to their orientation, the particle-laden exhaust gases 3 flow into the inlet channels 9 for filtering.
  • a particle layer 14 is deposited on the wall sections 13 on the part of the inlet channel 9.
  • electrical heating means 15a, 15b are provided, which are arranged in the outlet channels 10 in the region of the outlet channel bottom 12.
  • the electric heating means 15a, 15b are operated with a pulse width modulated supply voltage, which is generated by a generator unit 16, starting from the voltage source 17.
  • the electric heating means 15 are designed in the manner of a coiled kangal wire and are arranged projecting from the associated outlet channel bottom 12 into the outlet channel 10.
  • the heat radiation emitted by the electrical heating means 15 penetrates the wall sections 13 in the region of the associated outlet channel bottoms 12, heats the coating to the activation temperature and thus triggers the burning off of the particle layer 14 located in the adjacent inlet channels 9.
  • the heat is transported along the particle layer 14 in the direction of the inlet channel bottoms 11 for burning off the entire particle layer 14, wherein the burning takes place automatically after the start (exothermic reaction).
  • each unheated outlet channels 10b adjacent to the equipped with electric heating means 15 outlet channels 10a each unheated outlet channels 10b.
  • the unheated exhaust ducts 10b are not provided with an electric heating means 15 with respect to the heated exhaust ducts 10a.
  • the outlet channels 10 and the inlet channels 9 have a square cross section, so that in the illustrated arrangement of the electric heating means 15 only 25% of the outlet channels 10 are to be provided with an electric heating means 15 to allow complete regeneration of the particulate filter 2 ,
  • the particle filter 2 is constructed in two parts and consists of an inlet-side disk-shaped particle filter cover part 18, which has a contact side 20 which comes into contact with a particle filter main part 19.
  • the particulate filter cover 17 mainly serves the attachment or Receiving the heating means 15.
  • the heating means 15 are connected in this embodiment by gluing with a temperature-resistant adhesive to the particulate filter cover member 18.
  • the heating means 15 are inserted within corresponding recesses on the contact side 20 of the particulate filter cover part 18. After joining the particle filter cover part 18 with the particle filter main part 19, the heatable particle filter 2 according to the invention is formed.
  • the heating means 15a are arranged in the individual outlet channel sections 10a of the particulate filter cover part 18a, projecting in the direction of the inlet side, and thus placed entirely on the side of the correspondingly thicker particulate filter cover part 18a.
  • the length of the outlet channel sections 10a of the particulate filter cover part 18a is slightly larger than the length of the heating elements 15a.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Filtre à particules pour l'épuration de gaz d'échappement de moteur, avec des canaux d'entrée (9) en forme de pot pourvus à leur extrémité d'un fond de canal d'entrée (11) et dans lesquels pénètrent des gaz d'échappement chargés de particule (3), et avec des canaux de sortie (10) disposés à proximité et parallèlement aux canaux d'entrée (9), qui sont pourvus à leur extrémité d'un fond de canal de sortie (12) et qui évacuent les gaz d'échappement purifiés (8), dans lequel, à la suite de la filtration, un couche de particules (14) se dépose sur les sections de paroi (13) poreuses parcourues par le flux qui se trouvent entre eux du côté du canal d'entrée (9) et peut être brûlée par des moyens de chauffage électriques (15) en vue de la régénération, et les moyens de chauffage électriques (15) sont disposés dans au moins une partie des canaux de sortie (10) du côté des gaz d'échappement purifiés au niveau du fond du canal de sortie (12) de telle sorte que la chaleur rayonnée par les moyens de chauffage électriques (15) déclenche la combustion de la couche de particules (14) qui se trouve dans les canaux d'entrée (9) contigus,
    caractérisé en ce que le filtre à particules est construit en deux parties, le filtre à particules se composant d'une partie principale de filtre à particules (19) et d'une partie de couvercle de filtre à particule (18) en forme de disque située du côté du fond du canal de sortie, les moyens de chauffage électriques (15) étant fixés sur la face de contact (20) de la partie de couvercle du filtre à particules (18) vers la partie principale du filtre à particules (19) et la partie de couvercle du filtre à particules (18) servant à former le fond du canal de sortie (12).
  2. Filtre à particules selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que des canaux de sortie (10b) non chauffés sont contigus aux canaux de sortie (10a) équipés de moyens de chauffage électriques (15) afin de réduire le nombre total des moyens de chauffage électriques (15).
  3. Filtre à particules selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'en vue d'économiser de l'énergie électrique, les moyens de chauffage (15) fonctionnent avec une tension d'alimentation modulée en amplitude, qui est fournie pour déclencher la combustion de la couche de particules (14) pendant une durée définie.
  4. Filtre à particules selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de chauffage (15) sont réalisés selon le type d'une spirale de Kanthal.
  5. Filtre à particules selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de chauffage (15) associés aux différents fonds de canal de sortie (12) sont partiellement montés en série les uns avec les autres.
  6. Filtre à particules selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de chauffage (15) sont disposés de façon à dépasser dans le canal de sortie (10) à partir du fond de canal de sortie (12) correspondant.
  7. Filtre à particules selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de chauffage (15) sont reliés de façon inamovible à la partie de couvercle du filtre à particules (18) par collage avec un adhésif résistant à haute température.
  8. Filtre à particules selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de chauffage (15) sont insérés de façon amovible dans les fonds de canal de sortie (11) de la partie de couvercle du filtre à particules (18).
  9. Filtre à particules selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu des éléments formant bouchons (21) qui ferment les canaux de sortie (10) pour former les fonds des canaux de sortie (11).
  10. Filtre à particules selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de chauffage (15c) sont disposés dans des segments de canal de sortie (10a) de la partie de couvercle du filtre à particules (18a) de façon à dépasser en direction du côté d'entrée, la longueur des segments de canal de sortie (10a) de la partie de couvercle du filtre à particules (18a) correspondant au moins à la longueur des éléments chauffants (15c).
  11. Filtre à particules selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce qu'il existe entre la partie de couvercle du filtre à particules (18a) et la partie principale du filtre à particules (19a) un intervalle d'écoulement (22), le passage des canaux dans la partie principale du filtre à particules (19a) étant décalé par rapport à la partie de couvercle du filtre à particules (18a).
  12. Filtre à particules selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que le passage décalé des canaux entre la partie principale du filtre à particules (19a) et la partie de couvercle du filtre à particules (18a) passe par des éléments de bouchon (21a) disposés de façon correspondante dans la face d'extrémité de la partie principale du filtre à particules (19a).
EP02023261A 2001-10-18 2002-10-17 Filtre à particules pour la purification de gaz d'échappement de moteurs Expired - Lifetime EP1304455B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10151425A DE10151425A1 (de) 2001-10-18 2001-10-18 Partikelfilter zum Reinigen von motorischen Abgasen
DE10151425 2001-10-18

Publications (2)

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EP1304455A1 EP1304455A1 (fr) 2003-04-23
EP1304455B1 true EP1304455B1 (fr) 2009-09-30

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EP (1) EP1304455B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE444437T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10151425A1 (fr)

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DE10308675A1 (de) * 2003-02-28 2004-09-09 Adam Opel Ag Regenerierbares Partikelfilter
GB0305415D0 (en) 2003-03-08 2003-04-16 Johnson Matthey Plc Exhaust system for lean burn IC engine including particulate filter and NOx absorbent
JP3896998B2 (ja) * 2003-07-08 2007-03-22 トヨタ自動車株式会社 内燃機関の排気浄化装置
DE102005023518B4 (de) * 2005-05-21 2007-09-06 Umicore Ag & Co. Kg Verstopfungsfreies Filteraggregat mit hohem Wirkungsgrad
US7469532B2 (en) * 2005-09-22 2008-12-30 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Diesel particulate filter (DPF) regeneration by electrical heating of resistive coatings
DE102006059966A1 (de) * 2006-12-19 2008-06-26 GM Global Technology Operations, Inc., Detroit Partikelfilter
US8146350B2 (en) 2007-10-04 2012-04-03 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Variable power distribution for zoned regeneration of an electrically heated particulate filter
DE102008050019B4 (de) * 2007-10-04 2020-07-09 GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Ges. d. Staates Delaware) System und Verfahren zur variablen Leistungsverteilung für zonenweise Regeneration eines elektrisch beheizten Partikelfilters
DE102016110527A1 (de) * 2016-06-08 2017-12-14 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Partikelfilter für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine
DE102023113090A1 (de) 2023-05-17 2024-11-21 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Motoranordnung, Kraftfahrzeug und Verfahren zur Behandlung eines Abgases

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JPH10121941A (ja) * 1996-10-18 1998-05-12 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd 排気ガス浄化装置
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FR2779177B1 (fr) * 1998-05-29 2000-06-30 Renault Dispositif d'echappement a filtre a particules

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Publication number Publication date
EP1304455A1 (fr) 2003-04-23
DE50213879D1 (de) 2009-11-12
DE10151425A1 (de) 2003-04-30
ATE444437T1 (de) 2009-10-15

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