EP1309891A2 - Systeme optique de transfert de donnees - Google Patents

Systeme optique de transfert de donnees

Info

Publication number
EP1309891A2
EP1309891A2 EP01956262A EP01956262A EP1309891A2 EP 1309891 A2 EP1309891 A2 EP 1309891A2 EP 01956262 A EP01956262 A EP 01956262A EP 01956262 A EP01956262 A EP 01956262A EP 1309891 A2 EP1309891 A2 EP 1309891A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
optical waveguide
light
scattering
optical
coupling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01956262A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hans Thiele
Harry Schilling
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schleifring und Apparatebau GmbH
Original Assignee
Schleifring und Apparatebau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schleifring und Apparatebau GmbH filed Critical Schleifring und Apparatebau GmbH
Publication of EP1309891A2 publication Critical patent/EP1309891A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G02B6/4202—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details for coupling an active element with fibres without intermediate optical elements, e.g. fibres with plane ends, fibres with shaped ends, bundles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/34—Optical coupling means utilising prism or grating
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/011—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  in optical waveguides, not otherwise provided for in this subclass
    • G02F1/0115—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  in optical waveguides, not otherwise provided for in this subclass in optical fibres
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/0126—Opto-optical modulation, i.e. control of one light beam by another light beam, not otherwise provided for in this subclass
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
    • G02B6/2817—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using reflective elements to split or combine optical signals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
    • G02B6/2852—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using tapping light guides arranged sidewardly, e.g. in a non-parallel relationship with respect to the bus light guides (light extraction or launching through cladding, with or without surface discontinuities, bent structures)
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G02B6/4204—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms
    • G02B6/4214—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms the intermediate optical element having redirecting reflective means, e.g. mirrors, prisms for deflecting the radiation from horizontal to down- or upward direction toward a device
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2202/00—Materials and properties
    • G02F2202/13—Materials and properties photorefractive
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
    • G02F2203/03—Function characteristic scattering

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a data transmission system for the optical transmission of data by means of optical fibers, the transmitter and / or receiver having to be moved along an optical fiber or to be positioned differently.
  • data transmission systems are used, for example, in a linear version in crane systems or other conveyor systems for data transmission between the mobile crane and a stationary control unit.
  • Another application of these data transmission systems in a circular design is the transmission between mutually rotatable parts, such as in a computer tomograph between the rotor, which carries the X-ray tube and the detector, and a stationary evaluation unit, which processes and displays the image data.
  • the fluorescence system described in PC publication WO 95/35605 was developed.
  • the light-guiding fiber is doped with a fluorescent dye.
  • Light incident from the outside is absorbed by the fluorescent dye molecules, which are then excited to emit light.
  • the light is emitted in all directions, similar to a spherical emitter.
  • the advantage of this method lies in the implementation of the wavelength by the fluorescent dye molecules.
  • the light emitted by the fluorescent dye molecules is generally lower in energy than the light they absorb. The emitted light therefore has a longer wavelength.
  • the energy of the light emitted by a fluorescent dye molecule is not sufficient to be absorbed in further fluorescent dye molecules of the same type and in turn to cause fluorescence emission.
  • the light-guiding fiber doped with the fluorescent dye molecules has a low attenuation for the light generated by the fluorescent effect.
  • transmission systems of long length or large diameter can be efficiently implemented.
  • This system now has the major disadvantage that the fluorescence effect does not end spontaneously when the energy supply is cut off by the exciting light, but rather decays exponentially. This results in a speed or bandwidth limitation of the transmitted signals.
  • the best fibers with fluorescent dyes currently tested in laboratory tests have time constants in the order of magnitude of a few nanoseconds and can therefore only be used up to a few 100 Mbaud, but in no case for the Gbaud range.
  • Another method is based on light coupling via a grating which is applied to a glass fiber, for example, by means of photo-refractive materials in the interior of a glass fiber (published in US Pat. No. 4,749,248) or as a jacket (published in PCT publication WO 99/04309 ) are.
  • optical waveguide This term refers to the preferred embodiment since light can only be guided with an optical fiber damping arm over long distances.
  • the object of the invention is equally applicable to all other types of light guides.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an optical data transmission system that no longer has the disadvantages mentioned above and is particularly suitable for contactless transmission of high data rates along a larger path length with comparatively low manufacturing costs.
  • the device according to the invention consists of an optical waveguide, preferably an optical fiber, which contains scattering centers in its interior close to the positions at which light is to be coupled in or out.
  • the purpose of these scattering centers is to deflect light in different directions.
  • light is at least partially deflected by the scattering centers into a solid angle at which the light can be guided into the optical waveguide.
  • the light guided in the optical waveguide is at least partially deflected by the scattering centers in directions outside the optical waveguide.
  • the term "scattering centers" is used in the majority in this document, since this corresponds to the preferred area of use.
  • the invention can be designed to have the same effect with even a single scattering center. Since the scattering centers Centers are usually very small, but usually a variety of such scattering centers are usually used close to each other.
  • the effect of the scattering centers - the scattering - is an optical effect in which a large number of mostly not specifically oriented, preferably microscopic particles are involved. It is based on different optical properties of these particles compared to the medium surrounding them. For example, the refractive index or transmission of the scattering particles can have different values. In contrast to this, for example, the reflection is preferably a macroscopic effect, which mostly causes light to be deflected in a preferred direction.
  • scattering centers are permanently present in the optical waveguide.
  • Such an embodiment of the invention is particularly advantageous when light is to be coupled in or out at certain predetermined positions. This is the case, for example, with bus systems.
  • the nature of the optical waveguide is designed such that the location or the type of scattering centers can be controlled by an external stimulus.
  • Scattering centers can thus be generated at specific, changing positions.
  • the location of a scattering center can be changed dynamically with a movement of an element for coupling in and out light.
  • the scattering center can thus follow the rotation and enable continuous light coupling in and out during the rotation.
  • the type of scattering center can also be influenced.
  • the type of scattering center has a significant influence on the amount of scattering. Basically parameters can be influenced, such as the size or the density of the scattering centers.
  • the scattering center can be set to low scatter, since the path attenuation is low here and therefore only a small signal component has to be coupled in or out. With longer distances, on the other hand, it makes sense to set a higher spread in order to achieve a higher coupling or decoupling.
  • a distance-dependent attenuation of the transmission path can thus be compensated for, for example, by controlling the type of scattering centers, so that receivers with low dynamics can be used. It is also possible to compensate for other effects, such as different transmission powers, receiver sensitivities or even imperfections in the transmission path, by adapting the scattering centers.
  • the control of the type of Scatter centers also a simple creation or removal of the scatter centers.
  • the optical waveguide contains material whose scattering can preferably be influenced by electromagnetic fields or waves or else by particles. In order to influence the transmission of light as little as possible, this material preferably has a low attenuation in the non-scattering state. Because it can be influenced by electromagnetic fields or waves, it is particularly easy to control the scatter from the outside. In this case, in particular, contactless control is possible without any problems.
  • a special case of electromagnetic waves is light. Scattering centers can arise with certain materials, especially with light of higher power density.
  • the optical waveguide is to be irradiated with a light source of high power density in order to generate scattering centers. The scattering of the scattering centers can then be influenced by varying the power density.
  • the optical waveguide contains material in which the scattering centers act due to certain physical properties. These are in particular changes in volume, structure, effects of inter- or intramolecular forces or changes in at least one state of matter. Just by changing these parameters in small, included in the optical fiber Particles can have their refractive index or attenuation varied, which can lead to scattering.
  • the optical waveguide contains material with special properties, so that the scattering of this material can preferably be influenced by at least one of the following effects:
  • the waveguide mixed with such a material is excited at one point, locally reversible scattering centers are formed there. This means that the scattering centers recede when the excitation ceases.
  • materials can also be used in which there are scattering centers without excitation and which only recede through the excitation. Due to the preferred local formation of the scattering centers in the area of the excitation, the attenuation in the rest of the optical waveguide remains low.
  • the optical waveguide is made of a material suitable for the optical waveguides, such as glass or plastic, and is designed in the form of a fiber or a planar waveguide element.
  • the dispersion of the signal can be kept small. This means that a broadband signal Transfer possible.
  • the attenuation can be kept low by the design of the optical waveguide proposed here, so that only low receiver dynamics are necessary even over long transmission paths.
  • the optical waveguide is designed as a hollow body which is optionally filled with solids, liquids or gases.
  • a particularly simple manufacture of the device according to the invention is thus possible.
  • a simple flexible plastic tube can be pulled as a sheath, which is then filled with a corresponding liquid that has the desired properties.
  • separate signal or energy sources are used to control the scattering or for signal transmission.
  • a first energy source which, by supplying energy, excites the scattering centers at the location of the desired coupling in such a way that they have the desired scatter.
  • a second energy source for example a modulated laser, is used to transmit information by coupling its light into the optical waveguide using the scattering centers.
  • Another embodiment of the invention is that a single energy source for controlling the scattering centers at a location of the signal coupling or decoupling and is available for information transfer.
  • So z. B. a particularly powerful laser can be used for energy coupling, which simultaneously couples the energy required to control the scatter into the optical waveguide and transmits the information.
  • FIG. 1 General embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 2 Configuration of data transmission systems.
  • Fig. 3 Configuration in which scattering centers are present without excitation
  • FIG. 1 An arrangement according to the invention is shown in general form in FIG. 1
  • An optical waveguide (3) guides light (6), which can propagate in it with only slight attenuation.
  • This optical waveguide contains scattering centers (7) in a locally limited area (5).
  • the light (6) propagating in the optical waveguide is scattered, so that the scattered light propagates in all directions. This means that part of the scattered light also emerges from the optical waveguide out.
  • Light (8) can also radiate from an external light source onto the optical waveguide. If this light hits the scattering centers, it is also scattered in all directions. Part of the light (4) is scattered in the longitudinal direction of the optical waveguide and can thus be guided in it.
  • additional energy (1) is supplied via an optional cover (2) to control the scattering centers.
  • the task of the diaphragm here is to define the radiation of the optical waveguide in a precisely defined manner, so that the scattering centers only arise in a precisely defined area.
  • FIG. 2 shows the typical configuration of a data transmission system.
  • the upper part of the figure shows the coupling of light into the optical waveguide at any position of the optical waveguide and the coupling out at one end of the optical waveguide.
  • a transmitter (12) emits light (8) in the direction of the optical waveguide. Scattering centers are activated at this point by additional energy (1). Part of the light from the transmitter is now scattered thereon in such a way that it can be guided in the optical waveguide (3) to the receiver (13) at one end of the optical waveguide.
  • a transmitter (10) feeds light (9) at one end of the optical waveguide (3) a.
  • This light is coupled out at scattering centers which are excited by additional energy (1) and evaluated by the receiver (11).
  • Fig. 3 shows an alternative configuration for the case that scattering centers are present without excitation with additional energy.
  • FIG 4 illustrates different types of energy or signal coupling, for example in the case of signal feeding at any point on the optical waveguide.
  • the mechanisms can be applied analogously to signal decoupling at any point on the optical waveguide.
  • the high power signal (41) is coupled into the optical fiber (3).
  • the power of the signal is chosen so high that scattering centers arise at the point of irradiation into the optical waveguide, which in turn couple part of the signal in the direction of propagation of the optical waveguide.
  • the middle illustration shows the preferred application in which the data signal (1) and the exciting or controlling energy (8) of the scattering centers are coupled into the optical waveguide (3) from separate sources.
  • the bottom illustration shows the case in which a form of energy other than light, for example ionizing radiation (42), is coupled into the optical waveguide to generate scattering centers.
  • modulated light (8) is coupled in again in the region of the scattering centers.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
  • Optical Integrated Circuits (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de transfert de données destiné au transfert optique de données au moyen d'un guide d'ondes optiques, système dans lequel l'émetteur et/ou le récepteur se déplacent le long de ce guide d'ondes optiques ou peuvent être positionnés en différents emplacements. Le système optique de transfert de données est caractérisé en ce que la lumière peut, en des positions quelconques, être injectée ou extraite au moyen de centres de diffusion.
EP01956262A 2000-06-08 2001-06-08 Systeme optique de transfert de donnees Withdrawn EP1309891A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10027786 2000-06-08
DE10027786 2000-06-08
DE10106297 2001-02-02
DE10106297A DE10106297A1 (de) 2000-06-08 2001-02-02 Optisches Datenübertragungssystem
PCT/DE2001/002120 WO2001095000A2 (fr) 2000-06-08 2001-06-08 Systeme optique de transfert de donnees

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1309891A2 true EP1309891A2 (fr) 2003-05-14

Family

ID=7644744

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01956262A Withdrawn EP1309891A2 (fr) 2000-06-08 2001-06-08 Systeme optique de transfert de donnees

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US7020361B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1309891A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2003536098A (fr)
AU (1) AU2001278355A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10106297A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001095000A2 (fr)

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EP1803454A1 (fr) * 2005-12-30 2007-07-04 Dornier MedTech Laser GmbH Traitement du cancer à l'aide d'une combinaison de rayonnement non ionisant et de privation d'androgène
EP1914576B1 (fr) 2006-10-17 2019-01-16 Dornier MedTech Laser GmbH Applicateur laser avec un guide d'onde optique qui comprend une section photorefractive ayant un hologramme en volume.
JP5370714B2 (ja) * 2007-05-31 2013-12-18 ソニー株式会社 光導波路、および信号処理装置
JP5049859B2 (ja) * 2008-04-22 2012-10-17 三洋電機株式会社 光導波路
EP2268223B1 (fr) 2008-04-25 2019-01-02 Dornier MedTech Laser GmbH Dispositif à base de lumière pour le traitement endovasculaire de vaisseaux sanguins pathologiquement altérés
WO2013039452A1 (fr) * 2011-09-15 2013-03-21 Nitto Denko Corporation Procédé et structure pour le couplage de lumière dans un guide d'onde comportant des éléments de diffusion de dimension nanométrique
WO2013172781A1 (fr) * 2012-05-17 2013-11-21 Nitto Denko Corporation Dispositif de couplage de lumière et procédé de fabrication du dispositif
DE102013213138A1 (de) * 2013-07-04 2015-01-08 Zumtobel Lighting Gmbh Beleuchtungsanordnung mit Laser als Lichtquelle
WO2015014983A1 (fr) * 2013-08-01 2015-02-05 Hirschmann Automation And Control Gmbh Transmission optique de données par l'intermédiaire d'une bague collectrice d'une grue

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2001095000A2 (fr) 2001-12-13
WO2001095000A3 (fr) 2002-07-04
US20040037498A1 (en) 2004-02-26
US7020361B2 (en) 2006-03-28
AU2001278355A1 (en) 2001-12-17
JP2003536098A (ja) 2003-12-02
WO2001095000A9 (fr) 2002-09-19
DE10106297A1 (de) 2002-01-03

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