EP1328983A2 - Dispositif permettant d'alimenter un ensemble de piles a combustible en gaz de fonctionnement - Google Patents

Dispositif permettant d'alimenter un ensemble de piles a combustible en gaz de fonctionnement

Info

Publication number
EP1328983A2
EP1328983A2 EP01987952A EP01987952A EP1328983A2 EP 1328983 A2 EP1328983 A2 EP 1328983A2 EP 01987952 A EP01987952 A EP 01987952A EP 01987952 A EP01987952 A EP 01987952A EP 1328983 A2 EP1328983 A2 EP 1328983A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel cell
valve
pressure
operating gas
cell arrangement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01987952A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Arthur Koschany
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Manhattan Scientifics Inc
Original Assignee
Manhattan Scientifics Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Manhattan Scientifics Inc filed Critical Manhattan Scientifics Inc
Publication of EP1328983A2 publication Critical patent/EP1328983A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for feeding
  • a fuel cell is an electrochemical device for generating electricity. It has an electrolyte, a cathode and an anode.
  • the cathode becomes an oxidizing agent, e.g. B. oxygen
  • the anode is a fuel, e.g. B. hydrogen supplied.
  • Fuel cells can be manufactured using a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM). This is catalytically active on both sides Layer and is located between two gas diffusion layers. It is also possible for the two gas diffusion layers to be provided with a catalyst layer instead of the membrane. At the anode, protons form from the hydrogen in the presence of the catalyst, which traverse the electrolyte and coexist in the catalyst layer on the cathode side
  • PEM polymer electrolyte membrane
  • a fuel gas such as hydrogen
  • oxygen as an oxidizing agent for the electrochemical reaction can also come from the ambient air of the fuel cell. This means that there is normal air pressure on the cathode side of the fuel cell.
  • a low, well constant hydrogen pressure of about 0.3 to 0.5 bar overpressure must be ensured so as not to destroy the thin polymer electrolyte membrane due to an excessive pressure difference between the anode and cathode gas spaces.
  • the oxidizing agent e.g. B. pure oxygen or compressed air, also from a storage device.
  • Storage pressure is on the order of 300 bar.
  • the pressure is reduced in a first stage when it is fed to the fuel cell by a pressure reducer, which can be integrated in the pressure vessel. It is usually a diaphragm-controlled valve. If you want to integrate this pressure reducer into the pressure vessel, it must be fitted accordingly have small size. The smaller the size of the pressure reducer, the greater the changes in the outlet pressure of the pressure reducer. Depending on the fill level of the pressure vessel, this ranges between 10 and 1 bar. A further pressure regulator is therefore necessary in order to provide the pressure required for the fuel cell. The disadvantages are, especially for mobile applications of the fuel cell system, the weight and the space required for this additional component. If pure oxygen is used as the oxidant of the fuel cell, it is customary to also store it in pressure vessels, which poses the same problems as with hydrogen storage.
  • this feed line can also be closed with the aid of a second shut-off valve.
  • the object of the invention is to provide gas feeds for fuel cells which, compared to the prior art, have fewer components and thus fewer low volume and weight, while at the same time making it possible to improve the operational safety of the fuel cell.
  • a device for supplying an operating gas to a fuel cell in which the shut-off valve
  • the fuel cell is designed as a controllable valve which also serves to reduce the non-constant inlet pressure to an operating pressure which is dependent on system parameters of the fuel cell.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 each show a schematic representation of a device according to the invention for supplying an operating gas to a fuel cell.
  • a fuel cell arrangement 1 has a valve 2, which works in the usual way as a shut-off valve and also as a control valve and one
  • Operating gas supply line 3 closes, opens or partially opens.
  • This valve 2 is designed so that the mass flow passing through is continuously controllable. This valve 2 can thus reduce a relatively high, fluctuating inlet pressure to an operating pressure suitable for the fuel cell.
  • the back pressure of the valve is measured by a pressure sensor 4 in the back pressure chamber 5 and the measurement signal is passed on to an electronic control 6, which controls the opening of the valve and thus enables a mass flow through the valve, in such a way that a specific setpoint for the back pressure of the Valve.
  • the valve 2 can be closed completely and thus still take on the function of a shut-off valve, that is to say to prevent the supply of operating gas to the fuel cell.
  • a pressure vessel 11 with an integrated first pressure reducing stage 12 is used for hydrogen storage.
  • this operating gas storage in pressure vessels 11 it is necessary to use the pressure reducing stage 12 integrated in the vessel because of the high pressure difference between the storage pressure and the operating pressure.
  • the function of the fuel cell arrangement 1 is controlled or regulated in the usual way by a microprocessor.
  • the regulation of the pressure is implemented in the electronic control 6 either by an electronic analog circuit or preferably digitally by means of a microprocessor. In the latter case, this task is preferably carried out by the microprocessor, which also controls the functions of the fuel cell arrangement.
  • microprocessor control for example, a pulsed, electrical signal sent to an electromagnetic valve, the duration of the pulses being variable. This means that a pulse width modulated signal is used.
  • the valve is partially or fully opened, which causes the mass flow to be set by the valve.
  • the valve 2 can be actuated by means of an electromagnet, piezoelectrically or by other electromechanical actuators. Low mass of the mechanically moving parts is advantageous in order to achieve short reaction times.
  • the electronic control 6 of the fuel cell arrangement 1 receives z. B. an electrical signal indicating the electrical current requirement that the fuel cell assembly is to provide.
  • z. B. an electrical signal indicating the electrical current requirement that the fuel cell assembly is to provide In the event of a sudden increase in current draw and thus increased hydrogen consumption, by now increasing the setpoint of the input pressure of the fuel cell arrangement 1 by the controller 6 in accordance with the current requirement, it can be ensured that the operating pressure does not decrease significantly.
  • the fuel cell arrangements according to FIGS. 1 and 2 each have a flushing valve 18, which serves to briefly release the hydrogen which is under pressure in the fuel cell arrangement 1 in order to flush out liquid water and the inert gases contaminating the hydrogen with it have accumulated in the fuel cell. If the purge valve 18 is now opened, the input pressure of the fuel cell is simultaneously increased briefly, and after the valve 18 is closed, the pressure increases adjusted to normal operating pressure again.
  • the hydrogen mass flow through the fuel cell is proportional to the electrical current delivered.
  • hydrogen gas escapes from the fuel cell arrangement without being involved in the electrochemical reaction. In this way, a leak in the arrangement is ascertained and the fuel cell arrangement 1 is automatically switched off in order to avoid excessive leakage of hydrogen gas.
  • the shutdown takes place by closing the operating gas line 3 with the controllable valve 2.
  • a control valve if present, closes the oxygen supply line if oxygen from a storage device is used as the oxidizing agent and a leakage of oxygen is determined.
  • the electronic control 6 can also other system parameters of the fuel cell, such as. B. measured temperatures are made available to achieve optimal control behavior. These signals are symbolized by the connection 11.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif permettant d'alimenter un pile à combustible (1) en gaz de fonctionnement. Ce dispositif comprend une soupape d'arrêt (2) qui est pourvue dans la conduite d'alimentation en gaz de fonctionnement et est conçue de façon que le flux massique traversant soit commandé de manière continue, ce qui peut également permettre de réduire et de stabiliser une pression d'alimentation non constante. La pression secondaire de la soupape est mesurée par un détecteur de pression (4) et un système électronique de commande (6) règle la soupape de façon à fixer pour la pression de fonctionnement une valeur réelle définie correspondant à une valeur théorique. La valeur théorique de la pression de fonctionnement peut varier en fonction de paramètres de système de la pile à combustible. Par exemple lorsque la demande en flux au niveau de la pile à combustible augmente, la pression de fonctionnement peut connaître une augmentation correspondante. On peut également améliorer la sécurité de fonctionnement de la pile à combustible en déterminant le flux massique qui traverse la soupape de la conduite d'alimentation en combustible, à partir du signal de commande, puis en déconnectant la pile à combustible lorsque la valeur du courant électrique fourni ne correspond pas au courant estimé en fonction du flux massique de combustible mesuré, ce qui indique une fuite.
EP01987952A 2000-10-16 2001-10-16 Dispositif permettant d'alimenter un ensemble de piles a combustible en gaz de fonctionnement Withdrawn EP1328983A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10050981 2000-10-16
DE10050981A DE10050981A1 (de) 2000-10-16 2000-10-16 Vorrichtung zur Zuführung eines Betriebsgases zu einer Brennstoffzellenanordnung
PCT/EP2001/011935 WO2002033763A2 (fr) 2000-10-16 2001-10-16 Dispositif permettant d'alimenter un ensemble de piles a combustible en gaz de fonctionnement

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1328983A2 true EP1328983A2 (fr) 2003-07-23

Family

ID=7659800

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01987952A Withdrawn EP1328983A2 (fr) 2000-10-16 2001-10-16 Dispositif permettant d'alimenter un ensemble de piles a combustible en gaz de fonctionnement

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1328983A2 (fr)
AU (1) AU2002218240A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10050981A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002033763A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10200058B4 (de) * 2002-01-02 2019-05-29 General Motors Llc ( N. D. Ges. D. Staates Delaware ) Liefersystem zur Lieferung eines gasförmigen Brennstoffs an einen Brennstoffstapel, Brennstoffzellensystem sowie Verfahren zur Lieferung eines gasförmigen Brennstoffs
FR2857630B1 (fr) * 2003-07-18 2006-10-27 Gie Psa Peugeot Citroen Vehicule automobile muni d'un reservoir de gaz, a securite renforcee
JP4788945B2 (ja) 2005-04-06 2011-10-05 トヨタ自動車株式会社 燃料電池システム
WO2007022155A2 (fr) * 2005-08-15 2007-02-22 Parker Hannifin Corporation Ensemble collecteur d'alimentation en combustible
WO2008069007A1 (fr) 2006-12-07 2008-06-12 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Soupape de commande de fluide et système à piles à combustible
DE102008010711B4 (de) * 2008-02-21 2018-04-26 Audi Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Brennstoffzellensystems sowie Brennstoffzellensystem mit einer Regleranordnung
DE102009026590A1 (de) * 2009-05-29 2010-12-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Erkennung des Verlassens eines Betriebsbereiches eines Brennstoffzellensystems und Einleiten der notwendigen Schritte
DE102009036435A1 (de) * 2009-08-06 2011-02-10 Daimler Ag Versorgungsanordnung für ein Brennstoffzellenpack, Brennstoffzellenmodul sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben des Brennstoffzellenmoduls
DE102012023215B3 (de) 2012-11-28 2014-03-13 Meadwestvaco Calmar Gmbh Manuell betätigbarer Spender für Medien
DE102017213944A1 (de) * 2017-08-10 2019-02-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Brennstoffzellenanordnung und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6472466A (en) * 1987-09-11 1989-03-17 Toshiba Corp Combustion air flow controller
JPH06203860A (ja) * 1993-01-11 1994-07-22 Fuji Electric Co Ltd 積層燃料電池のガス流量制御装置
DE4322765C1 (de) * 1993-07-08 1994-06-16 Daimler Benz Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur dynamischen Leistungsregelung für ein Fahrzeug mit Brennstoffzelle
US6096449A (en) * 1997-11-20 2000-08-01 Avista Labs Fuel cell and method for controlling same

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO0233763A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2002218240A1 (en) 2002-04-29
WO2002033763A2 (fr) 2002-04-25
DE10050981A1 (de) 2002-04-25
WO2002033763A3 (fr) 2003-02-27

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