EP1353061A2 - Matériau pour tête d'aiguille d'injecteur et tête d'aiguille composée de ce matériau - Google Patents

Matériau pour tête d'aiguille d'injecteur et tête d'aiguille composée de ce matériau Download PDF

Info

Publication number: EP1353061A2
Authority: EP; European Patent Office
Prior art keywords: nozzle; nozzle head; chromium; large diesel; internal combustion
Prior art date: 2002-04-11
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Granted

Application number

EP03405171A

Other languages

German (de)

English (en)

Other versions

EP1353061B1 (fr

EP1353061A3 (fr

Inventor

Dietmar Dr. Schlager

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

Wartsila NSD Schweiz AG

Original Assignee

Wartsila NSD Schweiz AG

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

2002-04-11

Filing date

2003-03-12

Publication date

2003-10-15

2003-03-12 Application filed by Wartsila NSD Schweiz AG filed Critical Wartsila NSD Schweiz AG

2003-03-12 Priority to EP03405171A priority Critical patent/EP1353061B1/fr

2003-10-15 Publication of EP1353061A2 publication Critical patent/EP1353061A2/fr

2006-05-31 Publication of EP1353061A3 publication Critical patent/EP1353061A3/fr

2008-03-05 Application granted granted Critical

2008-03-05 Publication of EP1353061B1 publication Critical patent/EP1353061B1/fr

2023-03-12 Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Status Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
- C22C27/06—Alloys based on chromium
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
- B22F3/15—Hot isostatic pressing
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/166—Selection of particular materials
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
- F02M61/182—Discharge orifices being situated in different transversal planes with respect to valve member direction of movement
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
- F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
- F02B2075/025—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle two
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases
- F02F2007/0097—Casings, e.g. crankcases for large diesel engines

Definitions

the invention relates to a material for a nozzle head of a Fuel injector, a nozzle head of such a material and a fuel injector of an internal combustion engine, in particular a Large diesel engine.
the Fuel - typically this is a heavy fuel oil or another Diesel fuel - by means of fuel injectors in the combustion chamber brought in.
These injectors usually include a partially in the combustion chamber projecting nozzle head, which also acts as an atomizer referred to as.
the nozzle head is a Verschleissteil that a high subject to thermal, mechanical and chemical stress collective.
damage to the nozzle head for example Material removal due to corrosion, erosion and / or abrasion occur, or cracks that can lead to breakup.
the mechanical loads are also based on the high injection pressure, which can be over a thousand bar. Inside the nozzle head can Material losses due to cavitation and / or erosion occur.
the thermal Loads are based on the high temperatures in the combustion chamber and the enormous temperature changes between the combustion temperature and the temperature of the freshly supplied scavenging air. Also inside the Nozzle head, through which the fuel is introduced, leads the intermittent injection to shock-like temperature changes.
the chemical load of the nozzle head is mainly in the High-temperature or hot corrosion justified.
the hot corrosion which in primarily by vanadium, sodium and vanadium contained in the fuel Sulfur causes favors material degradation and erosion. In particular, the corrosion is the reason that a nozzle head already after a few thousand hours of operation can be unusable and replaced must become.
nozzle heads in large diesel engines are today usually steels or alloys based on nickel or cobalt, For example, Stellite 6, used.
Stellite 6 can be sufficient today for nozzle heads in large diesel engines Component life in terms of erosion, abrasion and cavitation (Especially in the holes of the nozzle head) reach.
the development can be expected at future, yet more powerful large diesel engines also the load requirements especially for the nozzle heads will continue to increase.
a chromium-based alloy which has a nickel content of 30% to 48% and also 1.5% - 15% tungsten and / or 1% -6.5% molybdenum, the sum of the tungsten and the molybdenum content does not exceed 15%.
This alloy is called Coating material (hard facing) disclosed in particular for the Coating of valves in automotive engines is suitable.
the tungsten mouth / or Molybdenum content is essential to the To give coating material the necessary strength and hardness.
the object of the invention is to provide a material and a product thereof To propose nozzle head, the high load collective in the Large diesel engine has grown better and in particular a high Has hot corrosion resistance.
the problem-solving objects of the invention are characterized by the Characteristics of the independent claim of the respective category characterized.
a material for a nozzle head of a Fuel injection nozzle of an internal combustion engine in particular a Grossdieselmotors proposed which material is a chromium-based alloy that is apart from commonly occurring Impurities in weight percent 0% -50% nickel (Ni), 0% -5% Contains carbon (C), 0% -5% silicon (Si) and at least 50% chromium (Cr).
the inventive nozzle head for a fuel injector a Internal combustion engine is made of a made of such material.
An inventive chromium-based alloy proves to be particularly Resistant to corrosion, especially hot corrosion, erosion, Abrasion, material loss and cavitation.
a nozzle head made of a made of such chromium-based alloy can the high Resistant collective in the large diesel engine very well withstand. His too mechanical strength, its resistance to cracking and its permanent resistance to pulsation loads are sufficient Conditions. It has been found that with an inventive Nozzle head in a large diesel engine operating from 8000 to 15,000 operating hours is possible.
the high chromium content of the inventive material is of particular importance for resistance to intensive Attacks by high temperature corrosion, as typically in the Combustion chamber of a heavy diesel engine driven by heavy oil occur.
Chrome forms dense and dense on the surface of the nozzle heads firmly adhering chromium oxide layers which give the material a chemical Give permanence. Due to the high chromium content, can Chromium also quickly from the inside of the nozzle head to the surface of the Düsenkopfs diffuse and there caused injuries in the Heal oxide layer.
the material contains at least one reactive element the group consisting of the elements lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), yttrium (Y), Hafnium (Hf), Scandium (Sc) and the rare earths, where the Content of each reactive element is at most 5%.
the reactive element the group consisting of the elements lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), yttrium (Y), Hafnium (Hf), Scandium (Sc) and the rare earths, where the Content of each reactive element is at most 5%.
the function of the reactive elements in the material is to increase the stability of the material Chromium oxide layer in itself and its adhesion to the nozzle head in positive way to influence. Even small amounts of such reactive Elements can be the oxidation behavior and in particular the adhesion the oxide layer especially in thermal cycling clearly improve.
the material is less brittle and can be better processed or edited.
the Material according to the invention apart from commonly occurring Percent impurities of at least 45% nickel (Ni), 50% -55% Chromium (Cr), 0% -5% carbon (C), 0% -5% silicon (Si) and 0% -5% one or more reactive elements. It has been proven that with make such a composition of the alloy nozzle heads let the high load collective in the large diesel engine in excellent way to resist and in particular a high Have hot corrosion resistance.
each reactive element is at most 1%, in particular at most 0.2%.
Content of carbon (C) is preferably at most 1%, in particular at most 0.05% and the content of silicon (Si) at most 1%, in particular at most 0.5%.
the presence of one of the reactive elements in the inventive material usually, the presence of one of the reactive elements in the inventive material. However, depending on the application, it may also be advantageous, the material with several of the reactive elements manufacture.
the material is preferably made of appropriate Metal powder with a main particle size of 10 to 200 Micrometers, in particular 40 to 150 micrometers. By that is meant that the majority of the powder grains have a size of 10 to 200, especially 40 to 150 micrometers.
the nozzle head has a Longitudinal bore and at least one outgoing from the longitudinal bore Nozzle hole for introducing fuel into a combustion chamber, wherein the transition from the longitudinal bore to the nozzle hole is rounded, preferably electrochemically (eluted).
the Transition areas become sharp edges in the flow path of the Fuel avoided, which optimizes the flow conditions become.
the nozzle head according to the invention is particularly suitable for a Fuel injector for an internal combustion engine, especially one Diesel engine.
a Fuel injector for an internal combustion engine especially one Diesel engine.
Particularly suitable is the nozzle head according to the invention or the fuel injection nozzle for large diesel engines provided therewith, For example, longitudinally-flushed two-stroke large diesel engines with Cross-head drive or four-stroke large diesel engines.
Fig. 1 shows a sectional view of a fuel injector of a Large diesel engine, especially a two-stroke large diesel engine with Longitudinal rinse, which is designated overall by the reference numeral 1.
the Fuel injector 1 includes an embodiment of a according to the invention nozzle head 2, which is attached to a nozzle body 3 is.
the nozzle head 2 has a longitudinal bore 20, as well as several, for example, five, nozzle holes 21, of which shown in Fig. 1, only two are.
the nozzle holes 21 are each going from the longitudinal bore 20 and extend from there in a radial, slightly downwardly inclined direction.
the fuel usually a heavy oil or another Diesel fuel, in a conventional manner intermittently to the Working cycle of the large diesel engine adapted under high pressure by the Longitudinal bore 20 and the nozzle holes 21 in the not shown Combustion chamber injected.
the nozzle head 2 consists of a Material that is a chromium-based alloy, which is a reactive element includes.
a reactive element is a rare earth or a similar metal.
Particularly suitable are lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), yttrium (Y), hafnium (Hf), scandium (Sc).
the material has a high nickel content of 45% to 50% by weight to one to ensure better workability ..
the nickel content of the alloy over 45% and as a reactive element is lanthanum with a weight fraction of contain less than 0.1%.
Apart from usual pollution is the Rest chrome.
each reactive element is at most 1%, specifically not more than 0.2% by weight.
the inventive nozzle head 2 is preferably by means of a hot isostatic pressing method (HIP: hot isostatic pressing).
HIP hot isostatic pressing
chromium, nickel and Lanthanum as a reactive element - in a conventional manner to powder atomized.
the grain size of the powder is in this embodiment mostly between 45 and 150 microns.
hot isostatic Pressing becomes a blank or semi-finished product from the powder, z.
As a rod manufactured. From the blank is by mechanical, Usually machining methods of the nozzle head 2 made.
the longitudinal bore 20 and the nozzle holes 21 are drilled.
the transition areas (edges) between the Longitudinal bore 20 and the nozzle holes 21 rounded. These edges are preferably electrolytically rounded (eluted).
the process parameters for hot isostatic pressing can be used for the be optimized for each application.
the material according to the invention or the nozzle head 2 produced therefrom has excellent resistance to hot corrosion and the associated material loss. He is also the other one Requirements of thermal, mechanical and chemical Load collective in a large diesel engine in a very good way grown. With such nozzle heads 2 can be an operating time of Achieve 8,000 to 15,000 hours. Even after such a long service life the nozzle heads are still in good condition.
the nozzle head according to the invention is therefore also suitable for future use Generations of large diesel engines that are even more powerful and even higher demands on the load capacity of the nozzle heads.

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Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
Materials Engineering (AREA)
Metallurgy (AREA)
Organic Chemistry (AREA)
Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)

EP03405171A 2002-04-11 2003-03-12 Tête d'aiguille d'injecteur de carburant Expired - Lifetime EP1353061B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
EP03405171A EP1353061B1 (fr)	2002-04-11	2003-03-12	Tête d'aiguille d'injecteur de carburant

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
EP02405289		2002-04-11
EP02405289		2002-04-11
EP03405171A EP1353061B1 (fr)	2002-04-11	2003-03-12	Tête d'aiguille d'injecteur de carburant

Publications (3)

Publication Number	Publication Date
EP1353061A2 true EP1353061A2 (fr)	2003-10-15
EP1353061A3 EP1353061A3 (fr)	2006-05-31
EP1353061B1 EP1353061B1 (fr)	2008-03-05

Family

ID=28686034

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
EP03405171A Expired - Lifetime EP1353061B1 (fr)	2002-04-11	2003-03-12	Tête d'aiguille d'injecteur de carburant

Country Status (8)

Country	Link
EP (1)	EP1353061B1 (fr)
JP (1)	JP4870323B2 (fr)
KR (1)	KR100959597B1 (fr)
CN (1)	CN100436625C (fr)
AT (1)	ATE388322T1 (fr)
DE (1)	DE50309291D1 (fr)
DK (1)	DK1353061T3 (fr)
PL (1)	PL199117B1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
EP2000550A1 (fr)	2007-06-08	2008-12-10	Wärtsilä Schweiz AG	Matière première à base d'alliage de CrNi, demi-produit, composants pour un moteur à combustion et procédé de fabrication de la matière première et du demi-produit
EP2228462A1 (fr)	2009-03-09	2010-09-15	Wärtsilä Schweiz AG	Procédé d'application d'un revêtement sur une surface d'assise d'une pièce usinée, et pièce usinée dotée d'une surface d'assise revêtue
AT511880A1 (de) *	2011-09-06	2013-03-15	Bosch Gmbh Robert	Verschleissoptimierte herstellung von konischen spritzlöchern

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
DK1566539T3 (da) *	2004-02-23	2009-04-14	Waertsilae Nsd Schweiz Ag	Dyse til indspröjtning af brændstof
CN101694199B (zh) *	2009-08-20	2011-05-11	余姚市舒春机械有限公司	低速柴油机喷嘴
DE102009046437B4 (de) *	2009-11-05	2018-04-19	Man Diesel & Turbo Se	Verfahren zum Bearbeiten einer Einspritzdüse
CN115324799B (zh) *	2022-06-29	2023-06-06	中汽研汽车检验中心（天津）有限公司	一种用于表征汽油机喷嘴积碳的方法和装置

Citations (1)

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Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
EP0529208A1 (fr)	1991-08-27	1993-03-03	FUKUDA METAL FOIL & POWDER CO., LTD	Alliages d'apport à base de chrome

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EP0452079A1 (fr) *	1990-04-12	1991-10-16	Tosoh Corporation	Matériau chrome-nickel à teneur élevée en chrome et son procédé de préparation
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2003
- 2003-03-12 DE DE50309291T patent/DE50309291D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-03-12 DK DK03405171T patent/DK1353061T3/da active
- 2003-03-12 AT AT03405171T patent/ATE388322T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-03-12 EP EP03405171A patent/EP1353061B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-03-13 KR KR1020030015814A patent/KR100959597B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-04-09 PL PL359617A patent/PL199117B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-04-10 JP JP2003106188A patent/JP4870323B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-04-10 CN CNB031105688A patent/CN100436625C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
EP0529208A1 (fr)	1991-08-27	1993-03-03	FUKUDA METAL FOIL & POWDER CO., LTD	Alliages d'apport à base de chrome

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
EP2000550A1 (fr)	2007-06-08	2008-12-10	Wärtsilä Schweiz AG	Matière première à base d'alliage de CrNi, demi-produit, composants pour un moteur à combustion et procédé de fabrication de la matière première et du demi-produit
KR101534536B1 (ko) *	2007-06-08	2015-07-07	빈터투르 가스 앤 디젤 아게	ＣｒＮｉ 합금을 기재로 하는 물질, 준완성품, 연소 엔진용컴포넌트, 및 상기 물질과 상기 준완성품의 제조 방법
EP2228462A1 (fr)	2009-03-09	2010-09-15	Wärtsilä Schweiz AG	Procédé d'application d'un revêtement sur une surface d'assise d'une pièce usinée, et pièce usinée dotée d'une surface d'assise revêtue
AT511880A1 (de) *	2011-09-06	2013-03-15	Bosch Gmbh Robert	Verschleissoptimierte herstellung von konischen spritzlöchern
AT511880B1 (de) *	2011-09-06	2013-12-15	Bosch Gmbh Robert	Verschleissoptimierte herstellung von konischen spritzlöchern

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
CN1450186A (zh)	2003-10-22
KR20030081020A (ko)	2003-10-17
KR100959597B1 (ko)	2010-05-27
PL359617A1 (en)	2003-10-20
EP1353061B1 (fr)	2008-03-05
PL199117B1 (pl)	2008-08-29
ATE388322T1 (de)	2008-03-15
JP2003301233A (ja)	2003-10-24
DK1353061T3 (da)	2008-06-23
EP1353061A3 (fr)	2006-05-31
JP4870323B2 (ja)	2012-02-08
DE50309291D1 (de)	2008-04-17
CN100436625C (zh)	2008-11-26

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