EP1365121B2 - Collecteur d'échappement pour un moteur à combustion interne et et méthode de fabrication d'un tel collecteur d'échappement - Google Patents

Collecteur d'échappement pour un moteur à combustion interne et et méthode de fabrication d'un tel collecteur d'échappement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1365121B2
EP1365121B2 EP03004679A EP03004679A EP1365121B2 EP 1365121 B2 EP1365121 B2 EP 1365121B2 EP 03004679 A EP03004679 A EP 03004679A EP 03004679 A EP03004679 A EP 03004679A EP 1365121 B2 EP1365121 B2 EP 1365121B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
exhaust
outer shell
exhaust pipes
engine
braze
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03004679A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1365121A1 (fr
EP1365121B1 (fr
Inventor
Rainer Diez
Friedrich Dipl.-Ing. Hartmann (Fh)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Friedrich Boysen GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Friedrich Boysen GmbH and Co KG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Friedrich Boysen GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Friedrich Boysen GmbH and Co KG
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Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1365121B1 publication Critical patent/EP1365121B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features
    • F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F01N13/10—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features
    • F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F01N13/10—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
    • F01N13/102—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds having thermal insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2450/00—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements
    • F01N2450/22—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements by welding or brazing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an exhaust manifold for an internal combustion engine having at least one exhaust pipe, an outer shell receiving the exhaust pipes and at least one motor flange connected to the exhaust pipes and the outer shell for connecting the exhaust manifold to the internal combustion engine.
  • Such exhaust manifolds have a welded connection between the exhaust pipe and the engine flange and between the outer shell and the engine flange and / or between the outer shell and the exhaust pipe.
  • the problem arises that foreign particles such as spatter remain in the exhaust manifold, which can damage later in the operation of downstream components such as catalytic converters and turbochargers.
  • exhaust manifolds of this type are sometimes also produced using laser welding connections. But this is expensive and requires a relatively large effort for the exact production of the components to be joined together.
  • the DE-C-197 21 092 relates to a single-walled exhaust manifold, in which the exhaust pipes are welded into sockets, which in turn are connected to the motor flange.
  • Another single-walled exhaust manifold is from the DE-A-198 27 276 known. Again, the exhaust pipes are connected to exhaust nozzles, which in turn are connected to the motor flange.
  • the EP-A-0 178 430 a single-walled exhaust manifold with pipe socket. The nozzle can also be molded to the motor flange.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an exhaust manifold of the type mentioned and a method for its production, which do not have the disadvantages mentioned above. In particular, foreign particles should be avoided in the manifold.
  • connection between the exhaust pipes and the engine flanges and between the exhaust pipes and the outer shell and / or between the outer shell and the motor flanges is formed as a solder joint.
  • exhaust manifold of the type mentioned can be soldered well and cheaply. This results in the advantage that when soldering no foreign particles that could damage subsequent components.
  • the exhaust manifold is also cleaned metallically when heated to the soldering temperature.
  • the soldering process can be characterized in that between the parts to be soldered together with a matched to solder gap size interference fit is present.
  • a narrow soldering gap can be achieved, which leads to a relatively large-area distribution of the solder.
  • the connection between the parts is thereby not, as in welding, linear but flat, whereby the strength is increased.
  • the parts to be soldered together are thereby securely positioned until the soldering is completed.
  • a fixation can be provided by tack welds and slight interference fit.
  • the solder joints are arranged at a protected position relative to the exhaust gas stream.
  • the solder joints can be arranged on a side facing away from the exhaust gas flow side of the exhaust pipe or in the exhaust gas flow direction behind a paragraph.
  • the solder joints are thereby not flowed directly into the exhaust system during operation of the exhaust system and therefore remain relatively cool. This makes it possible to use a solder joint in exhaust manifolds even with relatively hot exhaust gases.
  • the solder joints are arranged in a groove, the opening points away from the Abgasström.
  • the solder joints can be even better protected from the exhaust stream and kept cool accordingly.
  • Such an embodiment is particularly advantageous in engines with high exhaust gas temperatures such as gasoline engines.
  • Another way to protect the solder joints against the exhaust gas flow is to form the passage openings of the engine flanges for the exhaust gas flow in such a stepped manner that they expand in the flow direction, and to arrange the exhaust gas pipes and / or the outer shell pushed against the step. As a result, the assembly is simplified.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention also results when the motor flanges each have around their passages around a groove in which the exhaust pipes and / or the outer shell of the exhaust pipes are inserted.
  • the solder can thus be well protected from the exhaust and mounting is particularly easy.
  • the outer shell of the exhaust manifold according to the invention consists in a known and advantageous manner preferably of two half-shells. According to the invention, these two half-shells can also be soldered together. This can also be avoided at this point a welding process and thus the emergence of impurities. In addition, the compounds can be produced in a single operation.
  • outlet flange of the exhaust manifold is preferably soldered to the exhaust pipes and / or the outer shell. As before, this avoids the formation of impurities and allows the simultaneous production of all compounds in a single operation.
  • solder for example, a copper solder having a melting temperature of about 1083 ° C, a copper-nickel solder having a melting temperature of 1085 ° C to 1100 ° C or a high-temperature nickel solder having a melting temperature of about 1000 ° C. be used.
  • the exhaust pipes and the motor flange and / or the outer shell are joined together by soldering.
  • the two half shells of the outer shell are preferably soldered to one another and the exhaust pipes and / or the outer shell to the outlet flange. This can advantageously be done together in a single operation in a brazing furnace.
  • the parts to be soldered together are fixed in particular non-positively before soldering.
  • the assembly can be simplified and a firm and tight soldering can be ensured.
  • the inner component can be expanded at a Lotstelle against the outer component, for example by means of an expanding mandrel.
  • the solder gap is preferably set to less than 0.2 mm, in particular between about 0.02 and 0.015 mm. These values have been found to be particularly suitable for good soldering.
  • the soldering temperature is preferably between 1000 ° C and 1200 ° C, depending on the solder. In the case of a copper solder, for example, it is between about 1100 ° C. and 1150 ° C., for a copper-nickel solder about 1120 ° C. and for a high-temperature nickel solder about 1040 ° C.
  • the soldering is carried out in a customary manner under a protective atmosphere, in particular hydrogen, or in vacuo.
  • the in Fig. 1 shown exhaust manifold comprises three exhaust pipes 1, 2 and 3, which are connected at one end to a respective motor flange 4.
  • the other ends of the exhaust pipes 1 and 2 are inserted into the one end of a manifold 5, the other end is inserted together with the other end of the third exhaust pipe 3 in the one end of another manifold 6.
  • All exhaust pipes 1, 2 and 3 and the manifolds 5 and 6 are housed in an outer shell 7, which is formed by two half-shells 8 and 9.
  • the outer shell 7 is inserted together with the exhaust pipes 1, 2 and 3 in the motor flanges 4 and together with the second manifold 6 in an outlet flange 10. In the region of the outlet flange 10, however, only the outer shell 7 is fixedly connected to the outlet flange 10, while the second manifold 6 is arranged cantilevered.
  • the motor flanges 4 In the area of the motor flanges 4, however, in addition to the outer shell 7 and the exhaust pipes 1, 2 and 3 are fixedly connected to the motor flanges 4. For this purpose, they have a gradation 11 which widens in the exhaust gas flow direction I, so that a receptacle is formed in which the exhaust gas pipes 1, 2 and 3 are inserted together with the outer shell 7.
  • the exhaust gas passage openings 12 of the motor flanges 4 are in each case formed flush with the inner walls 21 of the exhaust pipes 1, 2 and 3.
  • solder joints between the exhaust pipes 1, 2 and 3 with the motor flanges 4 and the outer shell 7 in the region of the motor flanges 4 and the connection of the outer shell 7 with the outlet flange 10 and the connection between the two half shells 8 and 9 of the outer shell 7 are as Soldered connections formed.
  • One possible type of solder joint on the motor flanges 4 is in each of the Fig. 2 . 3 and 4 shown.
  • the solder 17 may be applied as a paste.
  • the solder joint is produced, wherein the solder 17 due to capillary action in the gap 18 between the motor flange 4 and outer shell 7 and in the gap 19 between the outer shell 7 and exhaust pipe 1 is sucked. This creates a large-area connection that leads to a high durability.
  • the gradation 11 of the motor flange 4 is straight. That is, the wall 13 is perpendicular to the wall 14.
  • a receptacle 16 for Lot 17 can be created at the stage 11 in this variant.
  • the inclined wall 15 is also smaller here.
  • the embodiment is consistent with the embodiment of Fig. 2 match.
  • the motor flange 4 is provided in the region of its exhaust passage opening 12 with a groove 20, the opening 22 points in the exhaust gas flow direction I.
  • the groove 20 the exhaust pipe 1 and the outer shell 7 are inserted, in which case the outer shell 7 is arranged offset from the exhaust pipe 1 back, so that in turn a receptacle 16 for Lot 17 is created.
  • Another receptacle 16 is also formed here by an inclined wall 15 following the wall 14.
  • a solder ring is used. The rest of the construction and the effect is again as in the variant of Fig. 2 ,
  • Such an exhaust manifold can be used in particular as a diesel manifold, since the exhaust gas temperatures are lower here.
  • a use of the solder joints is also achieved by the hidden arrangement of the solder joints by the paragraph 11 or the groove 20 in the motor flange 4. The lowest possible heating of the solder joint is also promoted in that the exhaust gas passage opening 12 of the motor flange 4 is formed flush with the inner wall 21 of the exhaust pipes 1, 2 and 3.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Collecteur d'échappement pour moteur à combustion interne comportant au moins un conduit d'échappement (1, 2, 3), une coque extérieure (7) où sont logés les conduits d'échappement (1, 2, 3) et au moins une bride de moteur (4) reliée aux conduits d'échappement (1, 2, 3) et à la coque extérieure (7) et servant à relier le collecteur d'échappement au moteur à combustion interne,
    caractérisé en ce que la liaison entre les conduits d'échappement (1, 2, 3) et les brides de moteur (4) ainsi qu'entre les conduits d'échappement (1, 2, 3) et la coque extérieure (7) ou entre les conduits d'échappement (1, 2, 3) et les brides de moteur (4) ainsi qu'entre la coque extérieure (7) et les brides de moteur (4) ou entre les conduits d'échappement (1, 2, 3) et les brides de moteur (4), entre les conduits d'échappement (1, 2, 3) et la coque extérieure (7) ainsi qu'entre la coque extérieure (7) et les brides de moteur (4) est réalisée sous forme de liaison par brasage.
  2. Collecteur d'échappement selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce qu'il y a, entre les pièces à braser ensemble, un ajustement serré adapté au joint de brasage et/ou un ou plusieurs points de soudure par points.
  3. Collecteur d'échappement selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que les points de brasage sont disposés à un endroit protégé vis-à-vis du courant de gaz d'échappement, notamment sur un côté du conduit d'échappement (1, 2, 3) détourné du courant de gaz d'échappement ou, si l'on considère le sens d'écoulement des gaz d'échappement (I), derrière un épaulement (11) ou dans une rainure (20) dont l'orifice (22) est orienté dans le sens d'écoulement des gaz d'échappement (I).
  4. Collecteur d'échappement selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que les orifices de passage (12) des brides de moteur (4) destinés au courant de gaz d'échappement sont réalisés en étant étagés de sorte qu'ils s'élargissent dans le sens d'écoulement (I) et en ce que les conduits d'échappement (1, 2, 3) et/ou la coque extérieure (7) sont chaque fois disposés de manière à buter contre l'échelon (11), les orifices de passage (12) des brides de moteur (4) étant de préférence chaque fois réalisés de manière jointive avec les cloisons intérieures (21) des conduits d'échappement (1, 2, 3), ou en ce que les brides de moteur (4) comportent chaque fois, tout autour de leur orifice de passage (12), une rainure (20) dans laquelle le conduit d'échappement (1, 2, 3) et/ou la coque extérieure (7) sont emboîtés.
  5. Collecteur d'échappement selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que la coque extérieure (7) est constituée de deux demi-coques (8, 9) brasées ensemble et/ou en ce que la bride de sortie (10) du collecteur d'échappement est brasée avec les conduits d'échappement (1, 2, 3) et/ou la coque extérieure (7).
  6. Collecteur d'échappement selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise comme métal d'apport de brasage un cuivre de brasage, un cupro-nickel de brasage ou un nickel de brasage haute température.
  7. Procédé de fabrication d'un collecteur d'échappement pour moteur à combustion interne comportant au moins un conduit d'échappement (1, 2, 3), une coque extérieure (7) où sont logés les conduits d'échappement (1, 2, 3) et au moins une bride de moteur (4) reliée aux conduits d'échappement (1, 2, 3) et à la coque extérieure (7) et servant à relier le collecteur d'échappement au moteur à combustion interne,
    caractérisé en ce que les conduits d'échappement (1, 2, 3) et les brides de moteur (4) ainsi que-les conduits d'échappement (1, 2, 3) et la coque extérieure (7) ou entre les conduits d'échappement (1, 2, 3) et les brides de moteur (4) ainsi que la coque extérieure (7) et les brides de moteur (4) ou les conduits d'échappement (1, 2, 3) et les brides de moteur (4), les conduits d'échappement (1, 2, 3) et la coque extérieure (7) ainsi que la coque extérieure (7) et les brides de moteur (4) sont reliés ensemble par brasage.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7,
    caractérisé en ce que, dans le cas d'une coque extérieure (7) constituée de deux demi-coques (8, 9), celles-ci sont également brasées ensemble, et/ou en ce que, dans le cas de collecteurs d'échappement avec bride de sortie (10), on relie également celle-ci par brasage aux conduits d'échappement (1, 2, 3) et/ou à la coque extérieure (7), et/ou en ce que les pièces à braser ensemble (1, 4, 7) sont fixées ou attachées les unes contre les autres par adhérence avant le brasage, auquel cas, notamment, on ménage chaque fois une petite fente (18, 19) destinée au métal de brasage.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 8,
    caractérisé en ce que la pièce intérieure (1, 7) est élargie contre la pièce extérieure (7, 4), notamment au moyen d'un mandrin d'évasement, et/ou en ce que l'on ménage une fente (18, 19) destinée au métal de brasage qui est inférieure à 0,2 mm et est notamment comprise entre environ 0,02 mm et environ 0,15 mm.
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 7 à 9,
    caractérisé en ce que le brasage a lieu à une température allant d'environ 800°C à environ 1200°C, notamment d'environ 1000°C, et/ou en ce que l'on utilise, en tant que métal d'apport de brasage, un cuivre de brasage, un cupro-nickel de brasage ou nickel de brasage haute température, et/ou en ce que les liaisons par brasage sont réalisées, notamment toutes ensemble, dans un four à braser.
EP03004679A 2002-04-23 2003-03-03 Collecteur d'échappement pour un moteur à combustion interne et et méthode de fabrication d'un tel collecteur d'échappement Expired - Lifetime EP1365121B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10218103 2002-04-23
DE10218103A DE10218103A1 (de) 2002-04-23 2002-04-23 Abgaskrümmer für einen Verbrennungsmotor und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Abgaskrümmers

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1365121A1 EP1365121A1 (fr) 2003-11-26
EP1365121B1 EP1365121B1 (fr) 2005-08-03
EP1365121B2 true EP1365121B2 (fr) 2010-11-03

Family

ID=29264785

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EP03004679A Expired - Lifetime EP1365121B2 (fr) 2002-04-23 2003-03-03 Collecteur d'échappement pour un moteur à combustion interne et et méthode de fabrication d'un tel collecteur d'échappement

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1365121B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE301240T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10218103A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2243819T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10352484B2 (en) 2004-08-05 2019-07-16 Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies Germany Gmbh Exhaust system
DE102005025735B3 (de) * 2005-06-04 2006-09-07 Daimlerchrysler Ag Schweißverbund
DE102007035849A1 (de) * 2007-07-31 2009-02-05 Gesenkschmiede Schneider Gmbh Verfahren zum Lötverbinden eines ersten Metallteils mit einem zweiten Metallteil und so hergestelltes gelötetes Metallbauteil
US7975473B2 (en) * 2007-10-10 2011-07-12 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Exhaust manifold assembly
DE102008017625B4 (de) 2008-04-04 2013-05-16 Tenneco Gmbh Teilstück für eine Abgasanlage eines Verbrennungsmotors und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
DE102008047076A1 (de) 2008-09-12 2010-03-18 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Fügebauteil und Wärmetauscher
DE102009001542A1 (de) 2009-03-13 2010-10-07 Ford Global Technologies, LLC, Dearborn Zylinderkopf für einen Saugmotor und Verwendung eines derartigen Zylinderkopfes
JP2013185498A (ja) * 2012-03-08 2013-09-19 Calsonic Kansei Corp エキゾースト・マニホールド
DE102014103809A1 (de) 2014-03-20 2015-12-03 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Abgaskrümmer für eine Abgasanlage eines Verbrennungsmotors

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB873135A (en) † 1956-08-01 1961-07-19 Marc Marie Paul Rene De La Fou Improvements in or relating to engine exhaust systems
US4873823A (en) † 1989-04-03 1989-10-17 Mcinerney Incorporated Air injection pipe assembly and method of making
DE3788681T2 (de) † 1986-06-25 1994-07-28 Showa Aluminum Corp Ansaugkrümmer und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung.
DE29518189U1 (de) † 1995-02-03 1996-01-18 Loup, Rudolf, 73655 Plüderhausen Abgaskrümmersystem
JPH0988581A (ja) † 1995-09-28 1997-03-31 Aisin Takaoka Ltd 排気マニホルドの製造方法
US5929262A (en) † 1995-03-30 1999-07-27 The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Health And Human Services Method for preparing 17α-acetoxy-11β-(4-N, N-dimethylaminophyl)-19-Norpregna-4,9-diene-3, 20-dione, intermediates useful in the method, and methods for the preparation of such intermediates
DE19819946A1 (de) † 1998-05-05 1999-11-11 Boysen Friedrich Gmbh Co Kg Abgaskrümmer
DE19916943A1 (de) † 1998-10-28 2000-05-04 Vukic Roland Flanschvorrichtung
DE10031903C1 (de) † 2000-06-30 2001-11-22 Daimler Chrysler Ag Abgaskrümmer für eine Brennkraftmaschine

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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DE3434288A1 (de) * 1984-09-19 1986-03-20 Erhardt Bischoff GmbH & Co KG Fabrik für Kraftfahrzeugteile, 7067 Plüderhausen Auspuffkruemmer
DE4025652A1 (de) * 1989-10-26 1991-05-02 Hermanns Gebr Kremo Werke Aufsteckflansch fuer rohrleitungen und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
DE19721092C1 (de) * 1997-05-20 1998-09-03 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Gebauter Auspuffkrümmer, insbesondere für Abgasleitungen von Brennkraftmaschinen
DE19827276A1 (de) * 1997-10-02 1999-04-08 Wolfgang Kleiner Abgaskrümmerflansch für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine
DE19940140A1 (de) * 1998-10-28 2000-05-11 Wolfgang Kleiner Abgaskrümmerflansch für eine Verbrennungsmaschine

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB873135A (en) † 1956-08-01 1961-07-19 Marc Marie Paul Rene De La Fou Improvements in or relating to engine exhaust systems
DE3788681T2 (de) † 1986-06-25 1994-07-28 Showa Aluminum Corp Ansaugkrümmer und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung.
US4873823A (en) † 1989-04-03 1989-10-17 Mcinerney Incorporated Air injection pipe assembly and method of making
DE29518189U1 (de) † 1995-02-03 1996-01-18 Loup, Rudolf, 73655 Plüderhausen Abgaskrümmersystem
US5929262A (en) † 1995-03-30 1999-07-27 The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Health And Human Services Method for preparing 17α-acetoxy-11β-(4-N, N-dimethylaminophyl)-19-Norpregna-4,9-diene-3, 20-dione, intermediates useful in the method, and methods for the preparation of such intermediates
JPH0988581A (ja) † 1995-09-28 1997-03-31 Aisin Takaoka Ltd 排気マニホルドの製造方法
DE19819946A1 (de) † 1998-05-05 1999-11-11 Boysen Friedrich Gmbh Co Kg Abgaskrümmer
DE19916943A1 (de) † 1998-10-28 2000-05-04 Vukic Roland Flanschvorrichtung
DE10031903C1 (de) † 2000-06-30 2001-11-22 Daimler Chrysler Ag Abgaskrümmer für eine Brennkraftmaschine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE50300895D1 (de) 2005-09-08
ES2243819T3 (es) 2005-12-01
DE10218103A1 (de) 2003-11-20
EP1365121A1 (fr) 2003-11-26
ATE301240T1 (de) 2005-08-15
EP1365121B1 (fr) 2005-08-03

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