Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61D—VETERINARY INSTRUMENTS, IMPLEMENTS, TOOLS, OR METHODS
  • A61D7/00—Devices or methods for introducing solid, liquid, or gaseous remedies or other materials into or onto the bodies of animals
  • A61D7/04—Devices for anaesthetising animals by gases or vapours; Inhaling devices

Definitions

• the invention relates to an inhalation mask for horses.
• the invention relates to the technical field of devices for influencing the breathing system of horses by introducing substances into the breathing system. It has been known here for a few years that the deposition of active substances in the lungs by inhalation, compared to oral administration or injection, leads to an improvement in effectiveness, considerable dose reduction and avoidance of undesirable side effects. Since horses suffer greatly from respiratory tract diseases, effective inhalation therapy can help prevent economic damage. Such devices for horses have been known for some time, and various approaches have been followed.
• US Pat. No. 5,062,423 provides for the use of an endotracheal-like nasal probe which is introduced into the nasopharynx of horses
• US Pat. No. 5,666,948 proposes a device which can be inserted somewhat more easily into the anterior nasal area of horses.
• the use of the proposed devices places high demands on the animal owner or user due to their invasiveness.
• some sponsorship notices propose devices called inhalation masks.
• No. 5,954,049 from Trudeil Medical Limited, Canada describes a mask with an MDI adapter for horses with a source for providing medicament aerosols and an aerosol chamber with an inlet and outlet valve.
• the real Before the advantage of the mask is that the mask is designed to be adapted to the front part of the horse's head and accordingly no invasive measures are necessary for aerosol application.
• the proposed mask preferably has an inhalation channel and at least one exhalation channel separated therefrom, it being possible for all channels to be designed with valves, so that exhalation is only possible via the corresponding channel and inhalation only via the aerosol chamber.
• Nozzle nebulisers operated by compressors are often used to provide the medication.
• metered dose inhalers can be used for some drugs, in which the user has to adjust the release of the drugs to the inhalation of the horses at the push of a button.
• antechambers in order to be able to administer a dose that is sufficiently high for horses, antechambers (so-called spacers) have been developed that can be placed on the inhalation mask. The drug release from the spacer must also be adjusted to the inhalation by observing the horse by the user.
• Another disadvantage for the horses is the restricted freedom of movement when using the line-bound medication. Without special connecting devices, the user must constantly fix the horse's head and feed line. The loud or irregular noises made by compressor Most horses, especially those based on MDIs, are very annoying. With MDIs in particular, it can happen that the user lets the medication flow out when the horses inhale, but the horse - due to the unusual hissing sound of the drug release - stops the inhalation process, so that the deposition of the medication at the destination lung in extreme cases is impossible. The aforementioned problems consequently lead to deficient deposition of the mostly expensive medication in the lungs of the horses.
• the inhalation mask described in US Pat. No. 5,954,049 provides for the installation of expiration and / or inspiration valves in order to ensure a functional air flow through the mask.
• expiration and / or inspiration valves increase breathing resistance, especially if moisture from the exhaled air has already deposited on them. If such valves are located in the inspiratory limb of the mask between the aerosol generator and the horse's nostrils, aerosol particles can deposit there, which are then no longer available for inhalation. This reduces the efficiency of the system and medication is lost.
• the object of the invention is therefore to provide an inhalation mask for horses, which has a filtration of the expiratory air, an optimized sealing of the mask on the horse's head and a valve-free air duct and is also economical and user-friendly to handle.
• At least one combined inhalation / exhalation channel a distribution channel in the case of only one inhalation / exhalation channel for distributing the inhalation air to both nostrils of the horse, preferably an inhalation source integrated at least partially into each of the at least one inhalation / exhalation channels with integrated breath control Piezo nebulizer or other supply-free aerosol generators, filter elements and filter holders attached in the direction of inhalation upstream of the inhalation source, a saliva pick-up / drainage element attached to the smaller, closed base, - a mask sealing ring,
• At least two mask holding elements At least two mask holding elements, a mask sealing stocking.
• the oval, tapered, bucket-shaped inhalation mask with a larger one open towards the horse's head The base side and a smaller, closed base side are characterized according to the invention in that they consist of a flexible, but essentially dimensionally stable material, for example plastic, and are preferably transparent and / or, according to the invention, have a roughened area on the inner wall, which extends at least 10 cm from the edge of the horse's head to the smaller base.
• the at least one combined inlet / outlet duct according to the present invention is characterized in that the free flow cross-section is as large as possible over the entire duct length, but is at least 4 cm 2 , that it is attached at the level of the nostrils, that it is fixed or repeated is detachably connected to the inhalation mask, that it has an integrated holder, into which inhalation sources can be inserted interchangeably, and that an interchangeable filter element is attached to or in front of the channel opening at the opening of the channel facing the outside air, which filter filter is attached to the channel wall is releasably fixable and covers the entire free channel opening.
• a filter holder with exchangeable filter membrane or a disposable filter can be attached in front of the opening of the channel facing the outside air, the area of the filter membrane preferably being larger than the cross-sectional area of the inlet / outlet channel in order to control the flow resistance during inspiration and expiration to keep as low as possible.
• the filter elements used according to the invention preferably consist of glass fiber ceramic for mechanical filtration or of polypropylene for electrostatic filtration of the exhaled air and thus serve to protect people in the area around the inhaling horse.
• the filter material can be adapted and modified to the physicochemical properties of the active substances used and can consist, for example, of activated carbon or coated activated carbon.
• two combined inlet / outlet channels are provided in the inhalation mask at the level of the left and right nostrils in such a way that the inhaled air enriched with aerosol experiences as little change of direction as possible on the way from the aerosol generator to the respective nasal passage in order to avoid aerosol losses due to To avoid impaction.
• the use of a distribution channel for the air flow from the inhalation / exhalation channel is according to the invention the horse's nostrils.
• the distribution channel according to the invention is characterized in that the free flow cross-section at any point of the divided flow path from the on / off channel to the mask breathing openings, in the sum of the channels, is at least 4 cm 2 and that the partial arms of the distribution channel are symmetrical and end opposite the nostrils.
• the inhalation sources integrated in the at least one combined inlet / outlet channel generate a medicinal aerosol that is respirable for the horse and are characterized in that they have an integrated breath control and energy supply.
• Piezo nebulizers such as are known, for example, from EP 0 923 957 A1 are proposed as the inhalation sources according to the invention.
• Inhalation sources of this type can be of very small dimensions construct conditions that allow the inhalation source to be attached in the inhalation channels of the mask.
• piezo nebulizers are characterized by negligible noise development during aerosol delivery, so that the inspiration process of the horses is not disturbed. This type of nebuliser offers the possibility of applying the total dose over several minutes, so that quiet inhalations are guaranteed.
• the proposed breath control offers the advantage that the user does not have to carry out the aerosol release himself and coordinate with the horse's breathing pattern, and the medication is only released economically when inspired.
• the sensor element for breath control is e.g. the flow sensors shown in DE 199 42 675 or the pressure sensors described in WO 97/48431.
• thermometers offset in the flow direction for example offset by the extent of the inhalation source, on or in the inhalation source and compare them with a Wheatstone bridge, so that, in the event of inhalation, the Control unit belonging to the control unit to give the signal for generating inhalation.
• the saliva receptacle / drainage element attached to the smaller, closed base side is characterized in that it is attached as a bulge at the lower edge of the smaller base side facing the horse's mouth and is repeatedly removable or apparently made of easy-to-clean material, e.g. Plastic, preferably transparent plastic for simplified level control is made.
• easy-to-clean material e.g. Plastic, preferably transparent plastic for simplified level control is made.
• the sealing ring consists of a flexible, reversibly deformable material, preferably of airtight and washable coated foam, and according to the invention is roughened in the area of the outer half of the surface.
• the sealing ring is designed according to the invention as a soft hose which is at least a quarter filled with a jelly-like, flexible material.
• the mask can be adapted to the different horse head sizes in a wide range.
• the inside diameter of the sealing ring can preferably be configured differently, whereas the outside diameter of the sealing ring remains unchanged adapted to the inside diameter of the inhalation mask.
• the at least two mask holding elements are firmly attached to the outside of the inhalation mask, at a maximum distance of 20 cm from the edge of the larger, open base side of the mask.
• the fastening elements are designed as rounded hooks which are open towards the bottom and towards the smaller base side of the mask and are located on the side opposite the inhalation mask.
• a holding strap can be attached to each holding element and detachably and securely connected to the horse half, in order to fix the inhalation mask on the horse's head.
• the mask sealing stocking consists of an air-impermeable, rubber-like, reversibly stretchable material, is open on both sides and has at least two metal-reinforced openings on one edge for the passage of the mask holding elements.
• the mask sealing stocking is circumferentially firmly connected to the outer wall of the inhalation mask in the region of the larger base side open towards the horse's head. Due to its rubber-like elasticity, the free end of the sealing stocking forms a smaller opening circumference than the larger base side of the inhalation mask which is open towards the horse's head.
• the inhalation mask - in the case of a separate sealing stocking which is not firmly connected to the mask - is now put on with the following working steps:
• the mask sealing ring is pushed over the horse's mouth, down to the chin pit and up over the bridge of the nose.
• the conical inhalation mask with the opening is pushed over the sealing ring and thereby wedged by the roughening on the inner wall of the mask and / or on the sealing ring.
• the part of the mask sealing stocking that has been turned up is turned down again and the tall reinforced openings of the stocking placed over the mask support elements. If the openings come too far below or above the mask holder elements and / or no tensile stress mediated via the stocking on the holder elements and thus on the mask has been built up, the sealing stocking under the straps of the horse halter must be pulled up or down before the straps are tightened over the sealing stocking by the fasteners on the noseband.
• the mask will hold on the horse's head due to the wedging.
• the length-adjustable tether is now attached to them, which also attaches the mask and sealing stocking to the horse's neck.
• An advantageous embodiment of the attachment method according to the invention consists in that, neglecting the mask sealing stocking, the horse-halter straps are fastened directly under the mask holders and stretched over the upper edge of the oval mask body. As a result, the oval mask body is pressed against the inner sealing ring by the belt tension.
• the inhalation mask is applied according to the invention with the following work steps:
• the mask sealing ring is pushed over the horse's mouth, down to the chin pit and up over the bridge of the nose.
• the conical inhalation mask with the opening is pushed over the sealing ring and thereby wedged by the roughening on the inner wall of the mask and / or on the sealing ring.
• the part of the mask sealing stocking which has been turned down is folded back upwards onto the horse's head and the inhalation mask is fixed to the head by means of the holding straps or holster using the mask holding elements.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic side view of a horse's head with the basic structure of the inhalation mask according to the invention in longitudinal section, without laterally attached inhalation / exhalation channels, with saliva receiving / draining element on the front, with mask sealing ring, with the top and bottom attached Mask holding elements for the circumferential mask sealing stocking.
• Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the inhalation mask with the head-side opening of the mask and a mask sealing ring according to the invention in the foreground and two schematically indicated combined inhalation / exhalation channels according to the invention with a schematically shown inhalation source in the right inhalation / exhalation channel, and a filter element and a filter holder ring ,
• Fig. 3 is a partially broken, schematic representation of the inhalation / exhalation channel and perspective view of the inhalation source from Fig. 2 with holder of the inhalation source.
• FIG. 4 shows a schematic side view of the inhalation / exhalation channel from FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 with filter element and filter holding ring.
• 4b shows a schematic side view of an inhalation / removal channel with a holder for an inhalation source attached to the inner wall of the inhalation / exhalation channel and attachable Z-exhalation channel expansion and tapering elements, which also act as filter holders, for expanding the flow cross section in the area of the filter element.
• FIG. 5 shows a schematic, broken view from above of an inhalation mask according to the invention with only one inhalation / exhalation channel on the top of the mask and distribution channel in the area of the nostrils.
• the mask holding elements are attached laterally and, like the mask sealing stocking and horse halter, are shown in a horizontal cross section.
• FIG. 6 shows a vertical cross section through the inhalation mask according to FIG. 5 along section line A-B with mask breathing openings, distribution channel, inhalation / exhalation channel and inhalation source integrated therein.
• FIG. 7 shows a top view of an inhalation mask according to the invention, which differs from the previous embodiments in that the inhalation / exhalation channel with an integrated inhalation source is attached to the front end of the mask and the distribution channel the inhalation / exhalation air laterally from the front End of the mask leads to or away from the nostrils.
• FIG. 8 shows a horizontal cross section through the inhalation mask according to the invention according to FIG. 7 with the elements inhalation / exhalation channel with inhalation source attached to the front end of the mask and the distribution channel leading from front to back to the nostrils.
• Fig. 1 illustrates the basic attachment of the inhalation mask in a schematic, broken side view of a horse's head with the inhalation mask (1) according to the invention in cross section. Attached to the side and therefore not shown here are the inhalation / exhalation channels according to the invention with an integrated inhalation source and filter elements. Instruments. Shown are the saliva receiving / draining element (13) on the front, the mask sealing ring (10), mask holding elements (12) attached above and below for the circumferential mask sealing stump (11). After wedging with the sealing ring (10), the inhalation mask (1) is prevented from slipping off the head of the horse again by connection to the horse halter (15) directly on the mounting elements (12) or via the mask sealing stocking (11). It is particularly advantageous the roughening of the Dichtrin 'gs and / or the inner surface of the mask. For attachment, the sealing ring (10) is guided over the horse's mouth and nose to the chin pit and then fixed by pulling further over the nose.
• the mask is sealed off from the surroundings by the flexible ring and by the stretchable sealing stocking or by the flexible ring and by tightening the lower two sections of the halter.
• the mask In the first case the mask is pressed against the horse's head by the tensile forces of the expanded sealing stocking, in the latter case by the forces of the tightened straps of the horse's halter and thus the sealing ring around the horse's head.
• This form of pressure is familiar to horses through the use of halters.
• FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of the inhalation mask (1) with the head-side opening of the mask and a mask sealing ring (10) according to the invention in the foreground, as well as two schematically indicated combined inhalation / exhalation channels (2) with a schematically illustrated content source ( 7) in the right inhalation / exhalation channel.
• the two inhalation / exhalation channels (2) are level with the nostrils. attached.
• the inhalation source (7) is repeatedly detachably connected to the wall of the channel (2b) by a holder (8).
• the inhalation source is repeatedly held releasably, so that an integrated energy and inhalation supply is possible.
• Fig. 3 shows a partially broken, schematic representation of the inhalation / exhalation channel (2) and the inhalation source (7) from Fig. 2 with holder (8) of the inhalation source.
• the inhalation source shown here by way of example in a cylindrical form can e.g. are repeatedly held releasably in that the inhalation source is introduced into one part of a two-part cylinder (8b) with a holding ring (8c) and then through the second part of the cylinder and a holding ring (8c) which is connected to the holding device Rods (8a) is attached to the filter support ring (5b), is fixed.
• FIG. 4 shows a schematic side view of the inhalation / exhalation channel from FIGS. 2 and 3 with filter elements (5a, b) and filter holding ring (6).
• the final fixation of the inhalation source (7, not shown here) in the inhalation / exhalation channel (2) is then carried out by inserting the filter support ring (5b) with mounting ring (8b), inserting a filter (5a) and e.g. Screw in the filter holder ring (6).
• FIG. 4b shows, similar to FIG. 4, a schematic side view of an inhalation / exhalation channel, but here with an inhalation source (7) attached to the inner wall of the inhalation / exhalation channel (2) with integrated breath control and onto the channel (2) attachable enlargement and rejuvenation.
• supply elements (2a, b) which also serve as filter holders and enlarge the flow cross-section in the area of the filter element (5).
• Fig. 5 shows a schematic, broken view from above of an inhalation mask according to the invention with only an inhalation / exhalation channel (2) on the top of the mask and a distribution channel (3) in the area of the nostrils. The use of only one inhalation source can be useful in order to achieve low costs and low maintenance.
• the mask holder elements (12) are attached laterally and : as the mask sealing stocking (11) and the horse halter (15) are shown in a horizontal cross section.
• FIG. 6 shows a vertical cross section through the inhalation mask (1) according to FIG. 5 along the section line AB with mask breathing openings (4), distribution channel (3), inhalation / exhalation channel (2) on the top of the mask and an inhalation source integrated therein (7). Due to the high breath volume of horses (up to 50 - 180 liters / minute), care must be taken in this advantageous embodiment that the one inhalation / exhalation channel and the distribution channel are sufficiently large. A free flow cross section of less than 4 cm 2 should be avoided here. The inhalation mask is not accepted by horses with smaller flow cross-sections.
• Fig. 7 shows a top view of a particularly advantageous embodiment of the inhalation mask according to the invention (1), which differs in the previous embodiments in that the inhalation / exhalation channel (2) with here hidden, integrated inhalation source (7) at the front end the mask (1) is attached and the distribution channel guides the inhaled / exhaled air laterally from the front end of the mask to the nostrils.
• FIG. 8 shows the particularly advantageous embodiment of the inhalation mask according to FIG. 7 in a horizontal right cross-section with the inhalation / exhalation channel (2) with inhalation source (7) and the distribution carlet (3) leading from front to back to the nostrils.

Landscapes

• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Zoology (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• Anesthesiology (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
• Particle Formation And Scattering Control In Inkjet Printers (AREA)
• Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
• Bidet-Like Cleaning Device And Other Flush Toilet Accessories (AREA)
• Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
• Medicinal Preparation (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=7686147

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Families Citing this family (16)

Family Cites Families (13)

• 2001
  • 2001-05-25 DE DE10125564A patent/DE10125564A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2002
  • 2002-05-23 AU AU2002317671A patent/AU2002317671A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2002-05-23 AT AT02747164T patent/ATE380522T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2002-05-23 WO PCT/DE2002/001874 patent/WO2002094122A2/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2002-05-23 EP EP02747164A patent/EP1389971B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2002-05-23 ES ES02747164T patent/ES2299585T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2002-05-23 DE DE50211358T patent/DE50211358D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 2003
  • 2003-05-23 US US10/478,380 patent/US7111626B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events