EP1397236A1 - Feuille de polyolefine - Google Patents

Feuille de polyolefine

Info

Publication number
EP1397236A1
EP1397236A1 EP02769155A EP02769155A EP1397236A1 EP 1397236 A1 EP1397236 A1 EP 1397236A1 EP 02769155 A EP02769155 A EP 02769155A EP 02769155 A EP02769155 A EP 02769155A EP 1397236 A1 EP1397236 A1 EP 1397236A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fibres
tapes
melt
article
process according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02769155A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Mark James Bonner
Peter John Hine
Ian Macmillan Ward
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Amoco Fabrics GmbH
Original Assignee
Amoco Fabrics GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Amoco Fabrics GmbH filed Critical Amoco Fabrics GmbH
Publication of EP1397236A1 publication Critical patent/EP1397236A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/006—Pressing and sintering powders, granules or fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/42—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like by cutting films into narrow ribbons or filaments or by fibrillation of films or filaments
    • D01D5/426—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like by cutting films into narrow ribbons or filaments or by fibrillation of films or filaments by cutting films
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D01F6/04—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyolefins
    • D01F6/06—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyolefins from polypropylene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C43/44—Compression means for making articles of indefinite length
    • B29C43/48—Endless belts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/25—Solid
    • B29K2105/253—Preform
    • B29K2105/256—Sheets, plates, blanks or films
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0037—Other properties
    • B29K2995/0082—Flexural strength; Flexion stiffness
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3033—Including a strip or ribbon
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3033—Including a strip or ribbon
    • Y10T442/3041—Woven fabric comprises strips or ribbons only
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3065—Including strand which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/3089—Cross-sectional configuration of strand material is specified
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3065—Including strand which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/3089—Cross-sectional configuration of strand material is specified
    • Y10T442/3114—Cross-sectional configuration of the strand material is other than circular
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3976—Including strand which is stated to have specific attributes [e.g., heat or fire resistance, chemical or solvent resistance, high absorption for aqueous composition, water solubility, heat shrinkability, etc.]

Definitions

  • POLYOLEFIN SHEET The present invention relates to polymer sheet materials made from oriented olefin polymer fibres or tapes, and to processes for making such materials.
  • melt-formed fibres or tapes employed are commercially available products such as BP Amoco Propex® polypropylene tape. These tapes have a draw ratio of 6:1 (i.e. they are stretched to 6 times their original length during the melt-forming process).
  • the modulus of woven fabrics is theoretically expected to be at least half that of the fibres forming those fabrics, as the consequence of cross-plying the fibres is a reduction in the modulus by a factor of at least 2.
  • the present invention provides an article comprising melt- formed fibres of oriented polypropylene homopolymer or copolymer in the form of a woven fabric which has been subjected to hot compaction, characterised in that said melt- formed fibres have a draw ratio of at least 7:1.
  • a further aspect of the invention provides a process for production of an article from a woven fabric of melt-formed fibres of oriented polypropylene, homopolymer or copolymer, comprising subjecting the woven fabric of melt-formed fibres to elevated temperature and pressure sufficient to melt a proportion of the polymer, characterised in that the draw ratio of said melt-formed fibres is at least 7:1.
  • the article of the invention is preferably monolithic, which is to say that it is comprised of a single type of structure, namely an array of fibres or tapes surrounded by a solidified melt phase of the same material.
  • melt-formed fibres is used herein to mean strands of polypropylene which have been formed via molten polymer. They may be non-woven melt-spun and drawn fibres laid in a web, or melt-spun and drawn fibres comprised within yarns, or they may be in the form of woven bands or tapes, formed for example by initially slitting melt formed films prior to tensile drawing.
  • the fibres are usually formed into a woven fabric by weaving or knitting.
  • the fibres may have been subjected to a crosslinking process, as described in WO 98/15397.
  • the woven fabrics may comprise only fibres, or they may comprise a mixture of fibres and tapes. Most preferred are fabrics which are woven from flat tapes, as these have the best mechanical properties.
  • hot compaction means any process in which the polypropylene fibres are subjected to elevated temperature and pressure such that a proportion of the fibres is melted.
  • the hot compaction process of the invention uses a compaction pressure not exceeding 10 MPa. It is also preferred that a single pressure is used throughout the hot compaction process. Most preferred pressures are between 1 and 7 MPa, particularly between 2 and 5 MPa.
  • the temperature at which the fibres are compacted is no greater than the peak temperature of melting at the ambient compaction pressure - i.e. the temperature of which the endotherm measured by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) of the constrained polymer fibres reaches its highest point.
  • the minimum temperature at which the fibres should be compacted is preferably that at which the leading edge of the endotherm extrapolated to zero intersects the temperature axis.
  • the proportion of the fibres which is melted during the hot compaction process is generally between 10 and 50 percent by weight.
  • the fibres used in the present invention have a weight average molecular weight (Mw) in the range of 100,000 to 800,000, preferably 250,000 to
  • the polymer is preferably a polypropylene homopolymer, but may be a copolymer comprising polypropylene, in which case a copolymer comprising at least 50% polypropylene is preferred.
  • any copolymer containing polypropylene such as those disclosed in WO 98/15397 may be used.
  • Articles produced according to the present invention have improved mechanical properties compared with those disclosed in the prior art in several different respects. We have found that the modulus of such articles is significantly higher than would be expected in view of the prior art; additionally, both the impact resistance and the thermal resistance are higher. The improvements in these latter properties are also surprising.
  • a preferred draw ratio is at least 8:1, more preferably at least 9: 1.
  • a draw ratio of 9:1 to 15:1, particularly 9:1 to 11:1, is preferred, as at higher draw ratios it is possible that polypropylene fibres or tapes may be too inelastic to be utilised effectively in the invention.
  • Compaction of the polypropylene may be carried out in an autoclave, or in a belt press or other apparatus in which the assembly is fed through a compaction zone where it is subjected to the required elevated temperature and pressure.
  • the process may be operated as a continuous or semi-continuous process.
  • a woven fabric or assembly of woven fabrics of polypropylene fibre or tape is placed in a. bench press and subjected to a slight contact pressure at elevated temperature, which is maintained until the required degree of melting has occurred. At this point, the compaction pressure is then applied after which the fabric is cooled under the compaction pressure before being removed from the bench press.
  • Fabric VI woven polypropylene fabric available from Amoco as Propex® Geo textile type 6060, having a draw ratio of 6:1.
  • Fabric N2 woven polypropylene fabric available from Amoco as Propex® Geo textile type 6060, having a draw ratio of 10: 1.
  • the two fabrics were compacted on a double belt press manufactured by
  • Test method A of ASTM D882 Constant rate of separation of the grips was used.
  • the shape of the samples defined in this standard is a simple rectangle of gauge length 250mm and width specified as a minimum of eight times the thickness (a width of 10mm, approximately eleven times the thickness was used). An extra 50mm length was allowed for gripping the sample, making a total length of 300mm.
  • Example 1 Samples of the product made in Example 1 were cut to the required dimensions by guillotine. This produced a high quality edge on the sample with no nicks or burrs.
  • the thickness of the samples varied between 0 * 863mm and 0-930mm for VI material and 0*870mm and 0*931mm for V2 material.
  • the samples were stored in polyethylene sample bags in a temperature controlled laboratory (20 ⁇ 2°C) for 48 hours prior to testing.
  • the tests were performed on an Instron model 4505 testing machine, using a video extensometer supplied by RDP Howden Ltd. to track targets (white paint lines on the black polypropylene sheet) placed 50mm apart on the samples.
  • a previously untested sample was used for each test, and 5 samples were tested for each material for each property (modulus and strength) at a temperature of 20 ⁇ 2°C.
  • the modulus samples were held in standard IkN pneumatic grips whilst the strength samples were held in 5kN self tightening grips, which provided sufficient force to prevent slippage.
  • the crosshead speed for modulus determination was set at 25mm m ⁇ r 1 , for- strength determination it was 125mm mur 1 .
  • Nominal Strength The nominal strength was determined from the peak load exhibited by the material, by dividing the peak load in Newtons by the cross sectional area in square metres. This peak load occurred immediately prior to the sample failing. The results are shown in Table 1 below.
  • the N2 material has 30% better modulus and 100% better strength than the VI material.
  • the lower elongation to break of the N2 compared with the Nl is attributable to the higher draw ratio of the V2 material, which is known to lead to a reduction in elasticity.
  • Samples for testing were machined from thick sheets of compacted polypropylene, prepared by taking several 0.9mm sheets prepared as above and gluing them together using Gluco (polypropylene) adhesive.
  • the samples were as defined in the ASTM standard (rectangular bars 60-4mm long, 12*7mm high and approximately 5mm thick with a notch of 2*5mm depth 31*5mm from one end).
  • the samples were tested on a Rosand Type 5 Instrumented Impact Tester with a specially designed anvil to hold the samples in place.
  • the samples were struck with a wedge shaped dart with a rounded tip 22mm from the notch at a speed of 3*46m/sec. A 25kg weight was attached to the dart to provide the necessary energy to break the sample.
  • H - Hinge break the sample had broken more than 90% of the way through but was unable to support itself when held by one end.
  • N - No break the sample had broken than less 90% of the way through.
  • the peak force is the maximum decelerating force experienced by the dart as it passes through the sample, and usually occurs at the point of rupture of the sample.
  • Distance to Peak The distance to peak is the distance travelled by the dart from first contacting the sample to experiencing the peak force. It is therefore the amount of deflection that occurs in the sample. Energy to Peak
  • the energy to peak is the energy absorbed by the material from the point at which the dart makes contact until the peak force is experienced. It is calculated by integrating to obtain the area under the force extension curve. The results are shown in Tables 5 to 7 below.
  • the N2 material is better than the Nl material at all temperatures tested. It should be noted that the results obtained for the Nl material at 70°C appear to be anomalous. As with the notched Izod results above, the superiority of the N2 material over the Nl material is not predictable from theory, and is therefore particularly unexpected. The increase in energy absorbed as the temperature is increased is likely to be caused by the increase in extensibility of the tape at the elevated temperature, resulting in greater energy absorption even though the strength and modulus of the tape will have decreased.
  • EXAMPLE 5 HEAT DEFLECTION TEMPERATURE Sheets of compacted polypropylene approximately 5mm thick were prepared by using Gluco adhesive to stick together 6 sheets of 0*9mm thick sheet prepared as in Example 1 above. The resulting thick sheets were then machined into the specimen geometry stated in the standard (rectangular bars 120mm long and 13mm high with a thickness of between 3mm and 13mm). The bars were loaded into a three point bend apparatus with a 100mm span which was then immersed in an silicon oil bath. The mass placed on the centre point of the three point load mechanism was determined from the following equation:
  • S the desired stress level (455kPa or 1820kPa)
  • b the width of the sample (m)
  • d the depth of the sample (0-013m)
  • the heat deflection temperature is defined as the temperature at which the centre of the test specimen has deflected by 0 * 25mm, and the test was stopped at this point. Two samples were tested at each stress level for each material. The results are shown in Table 8 below.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'articles à partir d'un tissu de fibres ou de bandes filées à chaud et étirées d'homopolymère ou de copolymère de polypropylène. Ce procédé, qui consiste à soumettre le tissu de fibres ou de bandes filées à chaud et étirées à une température accrue et à une pression suffisante pour faire fondre une partie du polymère, se caractérise en ce que taux d'étirage de ladite fibre/bande filée et étirée est d'au moins 7:1.
EP02769155A 2001-05-09 2002-05-02 Feuille de polyolefine Withdrawn EP1397236A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB0111287.9A GB0111287D0 (en) 2001-05-09 2001-05-09 Polyolefin sheet
GB0111287 2001-05-09
PCT/GB2002/002031 WO2002090082A1 (fr) 2001-05-09 2002-05-02 Feuille de polyolefine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1397236A1 true EP1397236A1 (fr) 2004-03-17

Family

ID=9914267

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02769155A Withdrawn EP1397236A1 (fr) 2001-05-09 2002-05-02 Feuille de polyolefine

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20040185732A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1397236A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2004524202A (fr)
CA (1) CA2446436A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB0111287D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002090082A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB0128405D0 (en) * 2001-11-27 2002-01-16 Btg Int Ltd Process for fabricating polyolefin sheet
EP1479498A1 (fr) * 2003-05-22 2004-11-24 Btg International Limited Procédé de fabrication d'articles en matière plastique
PL3184275T3 (pl) * 2003-05-22 2020-11-16 Canco Hungary Investment Ltd. Wyroby polimerowe
EP1805001A1 (fr) * 2004-10-22 2007-07-11 Dow Gloval Technologies Inc. Appareil et procede de fabrication d'articles composites renforces de plastique en forme
US7294384B2 (en) 2005-09-27 2007-11-13 Milliken & Company Moldable construction incorporating bonding interface
US7378359B2 (en) 2005-09-27 2008-05-27 Eleazer Howell B Moldable fibrous construction incorporating non-woven layers
US7300691B2 (en) 2005-09-27 2007-11-27 Milliken & Company Moldable construction incorporating non-olefin bonding interface
US20080124513A1 (en) 2006-09-11 2008-05-29 Eleazer Howell B Moldable fabric with unidirectional tape yarns
US10081725B1 (en) * 2011-03-28 2018-09-25 Propex Operating Company, Llc Woven geotextile fabric derived from beta-nucleated, polypropylene yarn or monofilament
US9643382B2 (en) 2013-05-06 2017-05-09 Milliken & Company Fiber reinforced structural element
JP7114621B2 (ja) 2017-03-15 2022-08-08 サムソナイト アイピー ホールディングス エス．エー．アール．エル． カバン物品のための二軸配向熱可塑性ポリマーラミネートフィルム、及びその作製方法

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0934145B1 (fr) * 1996-10-04 2004-12-15 Btg International Limited Polymeres olefiniques
EP0853145A1 (fr) * 1997-01-13 1998-07-15 Lankhorst Indutech B.V. Fils et bandes à haute ténacité à partir de film extrudé
DE19837499A1 (de) * 1998-08-13 2000-02-17 Wki Isoliertechnik Gmbh Berlin Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von fibrillierten Folien aus Polypropylen oder Polyäthylen

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO02090082A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0111287D0 (en) 2001-06-27
US20040185732A1 (en) 2004-09-23
CA2446436A1 (fr) 2002-11-14
WO2002090082A1 (fr) 2002-11-14
JP2004524202A (ja) 2004-08-12

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