EP1415039A1 - Papierstreichmassen für das gussstrichverfahren - Google Patents
Papierstreichmassen für das gussstrichverfahrenInfo
- Publication number
- EP1415039A1 EP1415039A1 EP02754894A EP02754894A EP1415039A1 EP 1415039 A1 EP1415039 A1 EP 1415039A1 EP 02754894 A EP02754894 A EP 02754894A EP 02754894 A EP02754894 A EP 02754894A EP 1415039 A1 EP1415039 A1 EP 1415039A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- paper coating
- coating slip
- temperature
- paper
- polymer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000006255 coating slurry Substances 0.000 title 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000004815 dispersion polymer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 claims description 92
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 30
- -1 vinyl halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 7
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical class C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012875 nonionic emulsifier Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 11
- CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium persulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert‐butyl hydroperoxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OO CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 8
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 125000005373 siloxane group Chemical group [SiH2](O*)* 0.000 description 5
- HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium disulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 235000010262 sodium metabisulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000012463 white pigment Substances 0.000 description 3
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000004908 Emulsion polymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- SBGKURINHGJRFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxymethanesulfinic acid Chemical compound OCS(O)=O SBGKURINHGJRFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioglycolic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CS CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QOVCUELHTLHMEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butyl-4-ethenylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 QOVCUELHTLHMEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DMADTXMQLFQQII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decyl-4-ethenylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 DMADTXMQLFQQII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OZCMOJQQLBXBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxy-2-methylpropane Chemical compound CC(C)COC=C OZCMOJQQLBXBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HIXDQWDOVZUNNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxychromen-4-one Chemical compound C=1C(OC)=CC(O)=C(C(C=2)=O)C=1OC=2C1=CC=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 HIXDQWDOVZUNNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C=C GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWVPFECTOKLOBL-KTKRTIGZSA-N 2-[(z)-octadec-9-enoxy]ethanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCOCCO KWVPFECTOKLOBL-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000022 2-aminoethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])N([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- UKFYDINYKVWFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-sulfanylethynol Chemical compound OC#CS UKFYDINYKVWFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UUEWCQRISZBELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropane-1-thiol Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCS UUEWCQRISZBELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylacrylonitrile Chemical compound CC(=C)C#N GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical group CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfobutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002902 bimodal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YACLQRRMGMJLJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroprene Chemical compound ClC(=C)C=C YACLQRRMGMJLJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004455 differential thermal analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- VFNGKCDDZUSWLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)OS(O)(=O)=O VFNGKCDDZUSWLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GLVVKKSPKXTQRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC=C GLVVKKSPKXTQRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC=C UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycidyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1CO1 VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007646 gravure printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007644 letterpress printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- QNILTEGFHQSKFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-propan-2-ylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CC(C)NC(=O)C=C QNILTEGFHQSKFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007645 offset printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001451 organic peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- RPQRDASANLAFCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxiran-2-ylmethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC1CO1 RPQRDASANLAFCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 1
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphonic acid group Chemical group P(O)(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001289 polyvinyl ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VSVCAMGKPRPGQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-one;sulfurous acid Chemical compound CC(C)=O.OS(O)=O VSVCAMGKPRPGQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003385 sodium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940079827 sodium hydrogen sulfite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
- D21H19/36—Coatings with pigments
- D21H19/44—Coatings with pigments characterised by the other ingredients, e.g. the binder or dispersing agent
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H25/00—After-treatment of paper not provided for in groups D21H17/00 - D21H23/00
- D21H25/08—Rearranging applied substances, e.g. metering, smoothing; Removing excess material
- D21H25/12—Rearranging applied substances, e.g. metering, smoothing; Removing excess material with an essentially cylindrical body, e.g. roll or rod
- D21H25/14—Rearranging applied substances, e.g. metering, smoothing; Removing excess material with an essentially cylindrical body, e.g. roll or rod the body being a casting drum, a heated roll or a calender
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
- D21H19/36—Coatings with pigments
- D21H19/44—Coatings with pigments characterised by the other ingredients, e.g. the binder or dispersing agent
- D21H19/56—Macromolecular organic compounds or oligomers thereof obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H19/58—Polymers or oligomers of diolefins, aromatic vinyl monomers or unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/3188—Next to cellulosic
- Y10T428/31895—Paper or wood
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/3188—Next to cellulosic
- Y10T428/31895—Paper or wood
- Y10T428/31906—Ester, halide or nitrile of addition polymer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31971—Of carbohydrate
Definitions
- the invention relates to a paper coating slip containing a mineral pigment and an aqueous polymer dispersion as a binder, characterized in that the polymer dispersion is obtainable by emulsion polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated compounds (monomers) and the paper coating slip gels above 35 ° C, i.e. the viscosity of the paper coating slip increases between 35 and 60 ° C to at least twice the value compared to the viscosity at 30 ° C.
- the invention further relates to a process for the production of coated papers.
- Paper coating slips for the cast coating process contain proteins with an isoelectric point, in particular casein, as binders. Among other things, the protein gelation of the paper coating slip during the casting process.
- the paper coating slip is applied to the base paper and partially dried at temperatures of 50 - 80 ° C.
- the still moist, coated paper is placed on a hot cylinder, generally a chrome cylinder, the temperature of which. preferably calibrated above 90 ° C, but below 150 ° C.
- the gelation of the casein enables calendering without damaging the paper and the production of paper with special properties such as gloss and smoothness.
- Thermosensitive polymer dispersions ie polymer dispersions with a strongly temperature-dependent viscosity are e.g. B. known from DE 2400428. They are recommended for different applications, especially as binders for nonwovens.
- the object of the present invention was therefore alternative paper coating slips for the cast coating process.
- the paper coating slips should give papers with the highest possible gloss, high smoothness and good printability.
- An essential feature of the paper coating slip according to the invention is that the entire paper coating slip gels at a temperature between 35 and 60 ° C, i.e. the viscosity of the entire paper coating slip rises sharply in this temperature range, at least twice. Value, preferably at least 2.5, in particular at least 3 times the viscosity of the paper coating slip at 30 ° C., in particular also on the corresponding multiple of the value at 35 ° C.
- the viscosity of the paper coating slices is below 30 ° C. or also 35 ° C., in particular in the range between 30 and 10 ° C., generally 100 to 1500 mPas, preferably 200 to 1000 mPas.
- the viscosity in this area is generally not temperature-dependent. Gelation occurs above 35 ° C.
- the viscosity then increases in the range from 35 to 60 ° C. to the multiple stated above. From 60 ° C, often also from around 50 ° C, this increase ends and the temperature dependence becomes significantly lower.
- the representation of the viscosity as a function of the temperature generally shows an S-shaped course in the range between 35 and 60 ° C., which is characterized by an inflection point (called the gelation point) in the middle of the gelation area.
- the viscosity is preferably measured as a Brookfield viscosity (at 100 revolutions per minute) and stated in mPas.
- the paper coating slip contains, as an essential component, an aqueous polymer dispersion as a binder.
- the polymer mass can be obtained by emulsion polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated compounds (monomers).
- the polymer dispersed in the aqueous dispersion (hereinafter referred to as polymer for short) consists of at least 40% by weight, in particular at least 60% by weight, particularly preferably at least 80% by weight, of so-called main monomers selected from C 1 ⁇ to C 2 o-Al yl (meth) acrylates, vinyl esters of up to 20 C atoms, ethylenically unsaturated nitriles, vinyl halides, vinyl ethers of alcohols containing 1 to 10 C atoms, aliphatic hydrocarbons with 2 to 8 C atoms and one or two double bonds or mixtures of these monomers.
- Vinyl esters of carboxylic acids with 1 to 20 carbon atoms are e.g. B. vinyl laurate, stearate, vinyl propionate, vinyl versatic acid and vinyl acetate.
- Suitable vinyl aromatic compounds are vinyl toluene, a- and p-methylstyrene, a-butylstyrene, 4-n-butylstyrene, 4-n-decylstyrene and preferably styrene.
- nitriles are acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile.
- the vinyl halides are chlorine, fluorine or bromine-substituted ethylenically unsaturated compounds, preferably vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride.
- vinyl ethers examples include B. vinyl methyl ether or vinyl isobutyl ether. Vinyl ethers of alcohols containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms are preferred.
- hydrocarbons with 2 to 8 carbon atoms and a double bond are ethylene or propylene; aliphatic hydrocarbons with at least two, preferably conjugated double bonds are C 4 to Cs hydrocarbons such as butadiene, isoprene or chloroprene.
- Polymers are preferred with C ⁇ -C 2 o _ alkyl (meth) acrylates, in particular C ⁇ -C ⁇ o-alkyl (meth) acrylates or mixtures of these alkyl (meth) acrylates with vinylaromatics as main monomers (polyacrylate binder).
- polyacrylate binder polymers with aliphatic hydrocarbons with 4 to 8 carbon atoms and two conjugated double bonds or mixtures of these aliphatic hydrocarbons with vinyl aromatics, in particular styrene, are also preferred as main monomers (styrene (S) -butadiene (B) binder).
- the free-radically polymerized polymer may contain further monomers as structural components, e.g. B. monomers with carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid or phosphonic acid groups.
- Carboxylic acid groups are preferred. May be mentioned for. As acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid or fumaric acid.
- monomers are e.g. also monomers containing hydroxyl groups, in particular -CC-hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylates, (meth) acrylamide.
- Phenyloxyethylglycol ono (meth) acrylate, glycidyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, amino (meth) acrylates such as 2-aminoethyl (meth) acrylate may also be mentioned as further monomers.
- Crosslinking monomers e.g. in the case of polyacrylate binders, are also further monomers, e.g. Called divinylbenzene.
- the polymers are prepared by emulsion polymerization, so it is an emulsion polymer.
- the manufacture can e.g. B. also by solution polymerization and subsequent dispersion in water.
- ionic and / or non-ionic emulsifiers and / or protective colloids or stabilizers are used as surface-active compounds.
- Suitable protective colloids can be found in Houben-Weyl, Methods of Organic Chemistry, Volume XIV / 1, Macromolecular Substances, Georg-Thieme-Verlag, Stuttgart, 1961, pp. 411 to 420.
- Both anionic and cationic come as emulsifiers as well as nonionic emulsifiers.
- Preferably, only accompanying emulsifiers are used as accompanying surface-active substances, the molecular weight of which, in contrast to the protective colloids, is usually below 2000 g / mol.
- the individual components must be compatible with one another, which can be checked with a few preliminary tests if in doubt.
- Anionic see and nonionic emulsifiers used as surfactants are e.g. B. ethoxylated fatty alcohols (EO degree: 3 to 50, alkyl radical: Cs to C 3 e) / ethoxylated mono-, di- and tri-alkylphenols (EO degree: 3 to 50, alkyl radical: C 4 - to Cg) , Alkali metal salts of dialkyl esters of sulfosuccinic acid and alkali and ammonium salts of alkyl sulfates (alkyl radical: C ⁇ - to C ⁇ 2 ), of ethoxylated alkanols (EO grade: 4 to 30, alkyl radical: C ⁇ 2 - to cig), of ethoxylated alkylphenols ( EO grade: 3 to 50, alkyl radical: C 4 - to C 9 ), of alkyl sulfonic acids (alkyl radical:
- Suitable emulsifiers are compounds of the general formula II
- R 5 and R 6 are hydrogen or C 4 - to -C 4 alkyl and are not simultaneously hydrogen, and X and Y can be alkali metal ions and / or ammonium ions.
- R 5 , R 6 are preferably linear or branched alkyl radicals having 6 to 18 carbon atoms or hydrogen and in particular having 6, 12 and 16 carbon atoms, where R 5 and R 5 are not both hydrogen at the same time.
- X and Y are preferably sodium, potassium or ammonium ions, with sodium being particularly preferred.
- Compounds II in which X and Y are sodium, R 5 is a branched alkyl radical having 12 C atoms and R s is hydrogen or R 5 are particularly advantageous.
- Technical mixtures are frequently used which have a proportion of 50 to 90% by weight of the monoalkylated product, for example Dowfax® 2A1 (trademark of the Dow Chemical Company).
- Suitable emulsifiers can also be found in Houben-Weyl, Methods of Organic Chemistry, Volume 14/1, Macromolecular Substances, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, 1961, pages 192 to 208.
- emulsifiers are e.g. B. Dowfax®2 AI, Emulan® NP 50, Dextrol® OC 50, Emulsifier 825, Emulsifier 825 S, Emulan® 0G, Texapon®NSO, Nekanil® 904 S, Lumiten® I-RA, Lumiten E 3065, Disponil FES 77, Lutensol AT 18, Steinapol VSL, Emulphor NPS 25.
- the surface-active substance is usually used in amounts of 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.2 to 5% by weight, based on the monomers to be polymerized.
- Water-soluble initiators for emulsion polymerization are e.g. Ammonium and alkali metal salts of peroxidic sulfuric acid, e.g. Sodium peroxodisulfate, hydrogen peroxide or organic peroxides, e.g. tert-butyl hydroperoxide.
- peroxidic sulfuric acid e.g. Sodium peroxodisulfate
- hydrogen peroxide or organic peroxides e.g. tert-butyl hydroperoxide.
- red-ox reduction-oxidation
- the Red-Ox initiator systems consist of at least one mostly inorganic reducing agent and one inorganic or organic oxidizing agent.
- the oxidation component is e.g. to the initiators for emulsion polymerization already mentioned above.
- the reduction components are e.g. alkali metal salts of sulfurous acid, e.g. Sodium sulfite, sodium hydrogen sulfite, alkali salts of disulfuric acid such as sodium disulfite, bisulfite addition compounds of aliphatic aldehydes and ketones such as acetone bisulfite or reducing agents such as hydroxymethanesulfinic acid and the like. Salts, or ascorbic acid.
- the Red-Ox initiator systems can be used with the use of soluble metal compounds, the metallic component of which can occur in several valence levels.
- red-ox initiator systems are e.g. ascorbic acid /
- the individual components, e.g. the reduction component, can also be mixtures e.g. a mixture of the sodium salt of hydroxymethanesulfinic acid and sodium disulfite.
- the compounds mentioned are mostly used in the form of aqueous solutions, the lower concentration being determined by the amount of water which is acceptable in the dispersion and the upper concentration being determined by the solubility of the compound in question in water.
- the concentration is generally 0.1 to 30% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 20% by weight, particularly preferably 1.0 to 10% by weight, based on the solution.
- the amount of initiators is generally 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight, based on the monomers to be polymerized. Several different initiators can also be used in emulsion polymerization.
- Regulators can be used in the polymerization, e.g. in amounts of 0 to 1.2 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the monomers to be polymerized, by means of which the molecular weight is reduced. Suitable are e.g. Compounds with a thiol group such as tert. -Butyl mercaptan, thioglycolic acid, ethyl acrylate, mercapto-ethynol, mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane or tert. -Dodecylmercapant.
- a thiol group such as tert. -Butyl mercaptan, thioglycolic acid, ethyl acrylate, mercapto-ethynol, mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane or tert. -Dodecylmercapant.
- the emulsion polymerization is usually carried out at 30 to 130, preferably 50 to 90 ° C.
- the polymerization medium can consist only of water, as well as mixtures of water and thus miscible liquids such as methanol. Preferably only water is used.
- the emulsion polymerization can be carried out either as a batch process or in the form of a feed process, including a step or gradient procedure.
- the feed is preferably experienced by introducing part of the polymerization batch, heating to the polymerization temperature, polymerizing and then the rest of the polymerization batch, usually via a plurality of spatially separate feeds, one or more of which are the monomers in pure or in emulsified form contain, continuously, stepwise or with superimposition of a concentration gradient while maintaining the polymerization of the polymerization zone.
- a polymer seed is presented for better adjustment of the particle size.
- the manner in which the initiator is added to the polymerization vessel in the course of the free radical aqueous emulsion polymerization is known to the person skilled in the art. It can either be completely introduced into the polymerization vessel or used continuously or in stages in the course of the free-radical aqueous emulsion polymerization, depending on its consumption. In detail, this depends on the chemical nature of the initiator system as well as on the polymerization temperature. A portion is preferably introduced and the remainder is fed to the polymerization zone in accordance with the consumption.
- initiator is usually also added after the end of the actual emulsion polymerization, ie after a conversion of the monomers of at least 95%.
- the individual components can be added to the reactor in the feed process from above, in the side or from below through the reactor floor.
- aqueous dispersions of the polymer are generally obtained with solids contents of from 15 to 75% by weight, preferably from 40 to 75% by weight.
- dispersions with the highest possible solids content are preferred.
- solids contents of> 60% by weight one should set a bimodal or polymodal particle size, since otherwise the viscosity becomes too high and the dispersion can no longer be handled.
- a new generation of particles can be generated, for example, by adding seeds (EP 81083), by adding excess amounts of emulsifier or by adding mini-emulsions.
- Another advantage associated with the low viscosity at high solids content is the improved coating behavior at high solids contents.
- a new / new generation of particles can be generated at any time. It depends on the particle size distribution desired for a low viscosity.
- the polymer thus produced is preferably used in the form of its aqueous dispersion.
- the glass transition temperature of the polymer or of the emulsion polymer is preferably -60 to + 60 ° C, particularly preferably -30 to + 30 ° C and very particularly preferably -20 to + 10 ° C.
- the glass transition temperature can be determined by conventional methods such as differential thermal analysis or differential scanning calorimetry (see e.g. ASTM 3418/82, so-called “midpoint temperature”).
- Another essential component of the paper coating slip is a pigment, in particular a white pigment, which later gives the coated paper the desired color.
- white pigments are e.g. Barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfoaluminate, kaolin, talc, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, chalk, coating clay or satin white.
- the paper coating slip may also optionally contain auxiliaries such as thickeners, defoamers, biocides but also so-called auxiliaries or co-binders such as starch or cellulose.
- Paper coating slips mainly consist of the pigment. Based on 100 parts by weight of pigment, the paper coating slip therefore generally contains 1 to 40 parts by weight of polymer (solid, ie without water), preferably 8 to 25 parts by weight of polymer.
- the paper coating slip according to the invention preferably contains less than 3 parts by weight of proteins, e.g. Casein, based on 100 parts by weight of pigment, particularly preferably it contains less than 1 part by weight, very particularly preferably no proteins, no casein.
- proteins e.g. Casein
- the paper coating slip according to the invention preferably contains less than 3 parts by weight of proteins, e.g. Casein, based on 100 parts by weight of pigment, particularly preferably it contains less than 1 part by weight, very particularly preferably no proteins, no casein.
- the paper coating slip according to the invention shows a gelation of the entire paper coating slip even without casein or other proteins as binders (see above).
- At least one of the constituents of the paper coating slip or at least one of the structural components of one of the constituents of the paper coating slip has a temperature-dependent light transmission such that there is a temperature range limited by the temperatures T1 (lower temperature) and T2 (higher temperature) in which the light transmission is one aqueous solution, which contains this component or this structural component, drops to less than 80% of the light transmittance T1.
- the temperature range T1 to T2 preferably comprises a maximum of 15, in particular a maximum of 10 ° C.
- the light transmittance of the component or the structural components of the component drops in this temperature range to less than 80%, in particular less than 50%, very particularly less than 30% of the light transmittance at Tl.
- the temperature range T1 to T2 is preferably in the same temperature range in which the viscosity is to increase, i.e. the paper coating slip gels.
- the turbidity is determined on a 5% by weight solution or emulsion of the components in water.
- the components with temperature-dependent light transmission are a monomer as part of the polymer, it is not the monomer as such but rather its homopolymer with a number average molecular weight between 1000 and 20,000 (Gel permeation chromatography, H 2 0, acrylamide standard) used in determining the turbidity.
- the components with temperature-dependent light transmission are preferably
- an emulsifier for stabilizing the polymer which is preferably already used during the polymerization, or
- Particularly suitable as polymeric compound a) are those which, owing to their temperature-dependent solubility in water, have a corresponding turbidity range T1 to T2.
- R 1 , R 2 and R 4 independently of one another represent a hydrogen atom, a monovalent organic radical preferably having 1 to 10 C atoms and R 3 represents a divalent organic radical having 1 to 10 C atoms.
- Polysiloxanes are also particularly suitable.
- the molecular weight of the polymeric compound is generally between 500 and 50,000 g / mol (number average molecular weight determined by gel permeation chromatography, PEG standard, solvent H 2 O).
- Preferred compounds a) contain 0.05-40 g of silicon (Si) in the form of siloxane groups and / or 0.1 to 30 g of oxygen in the form
- the total amount of silicon, oxygen and / or nitrogen in the form of the above groups is preferably 0.1 to 40 g per 100 g; the minimum total is particularly preferred
- an amount of 30 g of silicon, oxygen and nitrogen is preferably not exceeded in total.
- Emulsifiers b) which also contain at least one siloxane group, ammonium group or alkylene oxide group may be mentioned as emulsifiers b).
- N-isopropylacrylamide may be mentioned.
- Component a) with temperature-dependent light transmission is preferably used in combination with an ionically stabilized polymer dispersion.
- sulfate or sulfonate groups preference is given to 40 sulfate or sulfonate groups.
- emulsifiers with such groups are used in emulsion polymerization (see above).
- the amount by weight of compound a) is preferably 0.5 to 45 parts by weight, particularly preferably 1 to 5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of polymer.
- the components can be mixed in a known manner.
- the paper coating slips are aqueous paper coating slips.
- the water content can be adjusted depending on the desired viscosity or flow properties.
- the pH of the paper coating slip is preferably adjusted to pH values greater than 7, in particular greater than 8.
- the paper coating slips are suitable for coating e.g. of paper or cardboard.
- the paper coating slip can then be applied to the papers or cardboard to be coated using customary methods.
- the application amount is generally 1 to 30, preferably 10 to 25 g / m 2 (solid, without water).
- the paper coating slips according to the invention are particularly suitable for the cast coating process.
- the paper coating slip gels during the coating process and the coated paper is brought into contact with a metal cylinder, preferably a chrome cylinder, in particular is calendered via this cylinder.
- the base paper is first coated with the paper coating slip
- the coating is dried, residual water preferably remaining in the coating,
- the coated paper is calendered over the metal cylinder, preferably chrome cylinder.
- the coated paper preferably first runs over a pressure roller, which presses the coated paper onto the metal cylinder. If necessary, water is added before or during calendering in order to keep the coating still moist.
- the temperature of the metal cylinder is preferably between 90 5 and 150 ° C.
- the cast paper process gives the coated papers special properties such as high gloss and smoothness.
- the papers are particularly suitable as decorative papers or high-quality packaging papers or labels, e.g. for perfume, for advertising purposes, etc.
- the paper coating slips according to the invention are very suitable for the cast coating process.
- the papers coated with the paper coating slips according to the invention show the desired properties, such as gloss, smoothness, to a high degree.
- coated papers are easily printable in the usual printing processes, e.g. B. in offset, letterpress or gravure printing. 20
- the monomer emulsion and the remaining amount of the initiator solution were added simultaneously to the polymerization vessel while maintaining the temperature, within 5.5 hours. After the monomer addition had ended, the mixture was cooled
- the solids content of the dispersion was about 50% by weight.
- the 10 light transmission was 44%.
- the weight-average particle size dso was 170 nm.
- the pH was 6.2 and the glass transition temperature was 5 ° C.
- the monomer emulsion and 2.25 g of sodium peroxodisulfate in 27 g of water were then added simultaneously to the mixture over two separate feeds within 6 hours while maintaining the temperature
- the solids content of the dispersion was about 50% by weight.
- the light transmission was 60%.
- the weight-average particle size dso was 180 nm.
- the pH was 7.7 and the glass transition temperature was -15 ° C. Latex 3
- the glass transition temperature of this polymer was 2 ° C.
- the paper coating slip was prepared by mixing the components according to Table 1
- the viscosity of the paper coating slip was measured as indicated above in the description and the gelation point was determined.
- Example gel learning point / ° C 1 40 2 3 35
- the monomer emulsion contained 113 g of a 40% solution of emulsifier K30 in water, 210 g of styrene, 180 g of acrylonitrile, otherwise like latex 2. After cooling, 37 g of a 40% solution of emulsifier K30 in water were added ,
- the solids content of the dispersion was about 50% by weight.
- the light transmission was 50%.
- the weight-average particle size dso was 180 nm.
- the pH was 7.8 and the glass transition temperature was -24 ° C.
- the solids content of the dispersion was adjusted to 45% by weight.
- the light transmission was 50%.
- the weight-average particle size dso was 185 nm.
- the pH was 7.1 and the glass transition temperature was -5 ° C.
- the coated papers were produced with the aid of a laboratory cast coating apparatus comprising an application unit, a pressure roller and a chrome cylinder.
- the gloss of the coated papers was then measured according to Lehmann.
- the gloss obtained corresponds to a high degree to the requirements for high-quality papers such as those obtained using the cast coating process.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10135380 | 2001-07-25 | ||
| DE10135380A DE10135380A1 (de) | 2001-07-25 | 2001-07-25 | Papierstreichmassen für das Gussstrichverfahren |
| PCT/EP2002/007934 WO2003012199A1 (de) | 2001-07-25 | 2002-07-17 | Papierstreichmassen für das gussstrichverfahren |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1415039A1 true EP1415039A1 (de) | 2004-05-06 |
| EP1415039B1 EP1415039B1 (de) | 2008-08-27 |
Family
ID=7692490
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02754894A Expired - Lifetime EP1415039B1 (de) | 2001-07-25 | 2002-07-17 | Papierstreichmassen für das gussstrichverfahren |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7081305B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1415039B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP4629975B2 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20040019367A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN1236140C (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE406477T1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2002321227B2 (de) |
| BR (1) | BR0211347A (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2453836A1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE10135380A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2003012199A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7858154B2 (en) * | 2004-11-12 | 2010-12-28 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Paper coating slip based on pigment-polymer hybrids |
| JP5044410B2 (ja) * | 2004-11-12 | 2012-10-10 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア | 顔料−ポリマーハイブリッドを含有する水性の紙用塗工材料 |
| JP5034244B2 (ja) * | 2006-01-31 | 2012-09-26 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | 塗被紙用組成物、および該組成物を用いて得られる塗被紙 |
| CN102076722A (zh) * | 2008-06-24 | 2011-05-25 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 含有水溶性共聚物的水分散体的含金属盐颜料的纸张涂布剂 |
| JP5351265B2 (ja) * | 2008-07-25 | 2013-11-27 | ヒューレット−パッカード デベロップメント カンパニー エル.ピー. | 液体電子写真印刷で使用される複合コーティング及び基体並びに方法 |
| EP2459802A4 (de) * | 2009-07-29 | 2014-01-22 | Basf Corp | Neues glanzsystem für papier- und pappbeschichtungen |
| EP2920324B1 (de) | 2012-11-14 | 2017-12-27 | Olink Bioscience AB | Lokalisiertes rca-basiertes verstärkungsverfahren |
| GB201320145D0 (en) | 2013-11-14 | 2014-01-01 | Olink Ab | Localised RCA-based amplification method using a padlock-probe |
| WO2016124977A1 (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2016-08-11 | Munksjo Dettingen Gmbh | Composition and method for producing pre-impregnated decorative base paper comprising biopolymer nanoparticles |
| GB201716883D0 (en) | 2017-10-13 | 2017-11-29 | Q-Linea Ab | Method for determining the concentration of intact microorganisms in a sample |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3356517A (en) * | 1963-12-17 | 1967-12-05 | Scott Paper Co | Heat coagulatable paper coating composition |
| JPS5140410A (en) * | 1974-10-03 | 1976-04-05 | Kanzaki Paper Mfg Co Ltd | Kyokotakutohishino seizoho |
| JP2729293B2 (ja) * | 1988-09-12 | 1998-03-18 | 工業技術院長 | 熱可逆型増粘剤 |
| JP3033265B2 (ja) * | 1991-07-19 | 2000-04-17 | ジェイエスアール株式会社 | 紙塗被用組成物 |
| WO1995009899A1 (en) * | 1993-10-07 | 1995-04-13 | Sanyo Chemical Industries Ltd. | Thermoreversible thickener |
| DE69512874T2 (de) | 1994-07-08 | 2000-03-09 | Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Wärmereversible verdickbare bindemittelzusammensetzung |
| JP3133238B2 (ja) * | 1995-10-26 | 2001-02-05 | 日本製紙株式会社 | インクジェット記録用キャストコート紙及びその製造方法 |
| JP3423830B2 (ja) * | 1996-02-16 | 2003-07-07 | 鐘淵化学工業株式会社 | 水性塗料用樹脂組成物および耐汚染性に優れた塗膜の形成方法 |
| FI108283B (fi) | 1997-01-13 | 2001-12-31 | M Real Oyj | Menetelmä paperin ja kartongin päällystämiseksi |
| JPH1112987A (ja) * | 1997-06-12 | 1999-01-19 | Mitsui Chem Inc | キャストコート紙用塗料組成物及び該組成物を塗工して なるキャストコート紙 |
| JP4149066B2 (ja) * | 1998-02-25 | 2008-09-10 | レンゴー株式会社 | 無機多孔結晶−親水性高分子複合体を含有する織物、不織布または紙 |
| JP4427692B2 (ja) * | 1998-03-31 | 2010-03-10 | 荒川化学工業株式会社 | 製紙用内添紙力剤の製造方法 |
| FR2780422B1 (fr) | 1998-06-26 | 2000-09-08 | Rhodia Chimie Sa | Composition thermoepaississante pour bains de couchage a base d'un copolymere possedant une temperature critique inferieure de solubilite |
| JP2000226547A (ja) * | 1999-02-05 | 2000-08-15 | Sanyo Chem Ind Ltd | バインダー組成物 |
-
2001
- 2001-07-25 DE DE10135380A patent/DE10135380A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-07-17 JP JP2003517367A patent/JP4629975B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-07-17 KR KR10-2004-7001144A patent/KR20040019367A/ko not_active Abandoned
- 2002-07-17 CA CA002453836A patent/CA2453836A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-07-17 US US10/484,720 patent/US7081305B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-07-17 BR BR0211347-3A patent/BR0211347A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-07-17 EP EP02754894A patent/EP1415039B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-07-17 DE DE50212712T patent/DE50212712D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-07-17 AU AU2002321227A patent/AU2002321227B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-07-17 CN CNB028147251A patent/CN1236140C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-07-17 AT AT02754894T patent/ATE406477T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-07-17 WO PCT/EP2002/007934 patent/WO2003012199A1/de not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO03012199A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1236140C (zh) | 2006-01-11 |
| US20040175590A1 (en) | 2004-09-09 |
| JP2005522588A (ja) | 2005-07-28 |
| DE10135380A1 (de) | 2003-02-06 |
| ATE406477T1 (de) | 2008-09-15 |
| BR0211347A (pt) | 2004-09-21 |
| KR20040019367A (ko) | 2004-03-05 |
| AU2002321227B2 (en) | 2007-12-20 |
| CN1535345A (zh) | 2004-10-06 |
| CA2453836A1 (en) | 2003-02-13 |
| JP4629975B2 (ja) | 2011-02-09 |
| DE50212712D1 (de) | 2008-10-09 |
| WO2003012199A1 (de) | 2003-02-13 |
| US7081305B2 (en) | 2006-07-25 |
| EP1415039B1 (de) | 2008-08-27 |
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