EP1419675B1 - Kaltschmelztiegel mit induktionserwärmung und wärmerohr-kühlung - Google Patents

Kaltschmelztiegel mit induktionserwärmung und wärmerohr-kühlung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1419675B1
EP1419675B1 EP02796300A EP02796300A EP1419675B1 EP 1419675 B1 EP1419675 B1 EP 1419675B1 EP 02796300 A EP02796300 A EP 02796300A EP 02796300 A EP02796300 A EP 02796300A EP 1419675 B1 EP1419675 B1 EP 1419675B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
crucible
cold crucible
heat pipes
cold
segments
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02796300A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1419675A1 (de
Inventor
Claude Jegou
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et Aux Énergies Alternatives
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Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
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Publication of EP1419675A1 publication Critical patent/EP1419675A1/de
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/22—Furnaces without an endless core
    • H05B6/24—Crucible furnaces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/36—Coil arrangements
    • H05B6/42—Cooling of coils

Definitions

  • the invention lies in the field of fusion certain materials with high melting temperature, such as glass, refractory oxides, oxides metal and some metals, by means of a electromagnetic induction heating. She in particular, the cold crucibles to cooled sectors and direct spinning crucibles.
  • FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 Two examples of crucibles used are represented by FIGS. 1, 2 and 3.
  • Figure 1 represents a first type of sectorized crucible, used for these purposes. It is consisting mainly of sectors 1, a bottom 2, of an inductor 3 with several turns and a circuit of cooling 4. Sectors 1 are placed vertically, against each other, for to constitute the enclosure of the crucible.
  • the complete background 2 this enclosure. It is specified that this background 2 can be retractable or have one or more holes for the evacuation of the materials poured into the crucible.
  • the sectors 1 are kept against each other, thanks to a fixation by means of a wrapping 5.
  • the cooling circuit 4 is constituted by a arrival 4E and a departure 4S of liquid from cooling, which is, in most cases, the water.
  • the crucible thus formed is of a shape usually cylindrical, without it being imperative.
  • High intensity alternating current is of the order of a few thousand amps, at a frequency between a few tens of hertz and several megahertz.
  • the tension can reach several thousand volts.
  • the bottom of crucible 2 can to be cooled or not.
  • FIG. 2 shows in section a sector 1, as well as the circulation of water in a pipe 6 and 4E arrival and 4S exit. We aknowledge water circulates along the entire height of sector 1.
  • Figure 3 shows another kind of inductor 6, said to direct turn, consisting of a single and cylindrical spire constituting the enclosure directly containing the product to be heated.
  • the circuit 7 is here constituted by a spiral surrounding the inductor 6. To close the crucible and to avoid the drawbacks of electrical voltages between the two terminals 6A and 6B of the inductor 6, a cold finger 8 is placed between them.
  • the sectors are each made up of one heat pipe with electrically insulated walls constituting the crucible as well as their own ways of cooling.
  • each heat pipe preferably has an upper part exceeding the enclosure of the crucible constituted by the low parts from each sector, and deported to the outside. This allows the evacuation of heat by a circulation forced fluid against the upper part of the heat pipes, while allowing access from the top of the crucible.
  • the heat pipes of each sector can be extend under the enclosure to form the bottom.
  • the bottom can also be consisting of other heat pipes different from those constituting the enclosure of the crucible.
  • the inductor is a single turn and direct formed of a ferrule cooled by heatpipes.
  • cold fingers may consist of one (or more) heat pipe (s).
  • the ferrule of the direct coil can be constituted by the continuous assembly of heat pipes not electrically isolated.
  • the thick ferrule constituting the direct spire, can be machined for the realization in located heat pipes.
  • FIG. materials are always melted into a part similar to that of the crucible described in FIG. formed here of sectors 11 of which part 11B is similar to the plurality of sectors 1 of the crucible of Figure 1.
  • Each sector 11 consists of a heat pipe, preferably of cylindrical section, without this form is imperative. She might be cuboid.
  • the wall of the heat pipe must be copper or stainless steel, or any other product or metal likely to be suitable for the application considered.
  • the coolant contained in the heat pipe constituting a sector 11 may be water or any other suitable fluid, such as sodium, germanium, the money.
  • the upper part 11H of each sector 11, where the evacuation of the heat captured in the crucible, is surrounded by a device for forced circulation of a fluid, symbolized via a 14E entrance and a 14S exit, which runs alongside 11H high parts of sectors 11.
  • each sector is electrically rendered insulating in its lower part 11B where the sectors 11 adjacent ones are in contact with each other by a suitable coating.
  • a suitable coating For example, one thinks of a Plasma or process-sprayed alumina coating PVD.
  • the crucible as shown in Figure 4, has a bottom 12 which is, in this case, cooled by extension 11F of sectors 11, below their lower parts 11B.
  • bottom 2 might not be cooled and be open in the middle to allow the passage of long pieces or to evacuate the resolidified product.
  • Figure 7 shows, in bottom view, the same crucible of Figure 4, the bottom 12 being removed.
  • the low ends 11B of sectors 11 that extend from the periphery towards the center of the crucible.
  • these different low ends 11B of sectors 11 have lengths different, so as to entangle the others like a wooden floor with sticks and to carry out the complete recovery of the bottom.
  • the high parts 11H sectors 11 with inputs 14E and outputs 14S from coolant circulation.
  • Figure 8 shows another configuration of the lower ends 21B of the sectors 21 for constitute the cooling of the bottom of the crucible.
  • each low end 21B is moving towards the center of the crucible, these different lower ends 21B having different lengths to be able, not to entangle, but to cover, roughly speaking, the bottom of the crucible.
  • the bottom 22 can also be cooled by heat pipes 24, independent of sectors 21 by penetrating the bottom 22.
  • This arrangement is intended, inter alia, where additional inductor 29 is placed under the bottom 22 to provide additional heating of the crucible.
  • the independent heat pipes 24 have a high part 24H similar to the upper part 14H of the sectors represented on the crucible of Figure 4, that is to say, deviating from the center of the crucible, beyond the inductor 23.
  • FIG. 10A and 10B show the heat pipes which can be used under the substance of the crucible.
  • the independent heat pipes 21A of FIG. 10A extend on either side of a plane of symmetry of the crucible which has been shown cylindrical.
  • the heat pipes 21B each extend over the entire bottom surface and extend only one side of the crucible.
  • Figure 11 shows that the lower part crucible can be constituted by heat pipes 32 independent, positioned slightly inclined so as to cover the bottom of the crucible. They complete the sectors 31 placed between the inductor 33 and the crucible itself, the heat being evacuated through the cooling circuit the entrance has been referenced 34E and the exit 34S. This realization is particularly suitable for crucibles cold, sectorized parallelepipedic shape.
  • Figure 12 shows that heat pipes 32 of Figure 10 can be replaced by inclined independent heat pipes 42, the circuit cooling being adapted to this geometry, the 44E inputs and 44S outputs no longer found horizontal.
  • Figure 13 shows another variant of the crucible according to the invention. Indeed, she shows the superposition of several crucibles to form only one of a significant height, so a increased capacity. In view of the separated form of high parts 51H, sectors 51, the nesting of different crucibles one above the other is possible. It is noted that the lower crucible is equipped independent heat pipes 52, similar to heat pipes 32 of Figure 11. The different successive inductors 53 are equivalent to one much longer inductor that would be constituted in only one part.
  • the fixation of these different crucibles on each other can be performed by means of brazed pimples 57 on each lower end of a central part of the sector 51 and engaging in a fastener 56 attached to the lower end of the lower part 51B of sector 51 of the crucible which is just higher.
  • this crucible applies also to a crucible using an inductor constituted of a single turn, like that of Figure 3.
  • Figure 15 shows the realization of a direct spin crucible whose ferrule 58 is cooled using the heat pipes 59 attached to it, one or several heat pipe (s) 60 constituting the cold finger.
  • a variant embodiment consists in using a ferrule thick in the realization of the direct turn, a adequate machining for the in situ production of heat pipes or simply their insertion.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
  • Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Kaltschmelztiegel mit elektromagnetischer Induktionserwärmung, bestimmt für das Einschmelzen von Glas, refraktären Oxiden und Metallen, hauptsächlich umfassend:
    einen Boden (2, 22);
    wenigstens einen Induktor (3, 33, 53); und
    nebeneinander angeordnete und einen Behälter des Tiegels bildende Sektoren (11, 21, 31, 51);
    Kühleinrichtungen;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sektoren (11, 21, 31, 51) durch Wärmerohre mit elektrisch isolierenden Wänden gebildet werden, die selbst die Kühleinrichtungen bilden.
  2. Kaltschmelztiegel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wärmerohre einen oberen Teil (11H, 31H, 51H) aufweisen, der über den durch die unteren Teile (11B, 31B, 51B) aller Sektoren gebildeten Behälter des Tiegels seitlich hinausragt, um die Abführung der Wärme durch eine Fluid-Zwangszirkulation zu ermöglichen, der man den oberen Teil (11H, 31H, 51H) der Sektoren aussetzt.
  3. Kaltschmelztiegel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sektoren (11F) sich unter dem Behälter des Tiegels verlängern, um den Boden zu bilden oder den Boden (12) zu kühlen.
  4. Kaltschmelztiegel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Boden des Tiegels durch unabhängige Wärmerohre (24) gebildet wird, die von denen (11, 31, 51) unabhängig sind, die den Behälter des Tiegels bilden.
  5. Kaltschmelztiegel nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er einen Reif (16) zur Befestigung der oberen Teile (11H) der Sektoren (11, 21) umfasst, der elektrisch isolierend ist und alle diese oberen Teile (11H) umgibt.
  6. Kaltschmelztiegel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sektoren (11, 21, 51) durch eine Umwicklung (5) des unteren Teils (11B) der Sektoren verbunden bzw. zusammengehalten werden.
  7. Kaltschmelztiegel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sektoren durch selbsthemmende Ringe (15) verbunden bzw. zusammengehalten werden.
  8. Kaltschmelztiegel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er einen zusätzlichen Induktor (29) umfasst, der zur Erwärmung des Tiegels unter dem Boden (22) angeordnet ist.
  9. Kaltschmelztiegel nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er mehrere übereinanderliegende Sektorenstufen (51) umfasst, die derart einen langen und hohen Tiegelbehälter bilden und deren induktor durch Induktoren (53) von jeder der so übereinander angeordneten Stufen gebildet wird.
  10. Kaltschmelztiegel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Induktor eine einzige und direkte Windung ist, gebildet durch einen Reif (58), gekühlt durch Wärmerohre (59).
  11. Kaltschmelztiegel nach Anspruch 1 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der kalte Finger (oder die Finger) durch ein (oder mehrere) Wärmerohr(e) (60) gebildet wird.
  12. Kaltschmelztiegel nach Anspruch 1 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Reif (58) der direkten Windung gebildet wird durch den kontinuierlichen Zusammenbau von elektrisch nicht isolierenden Wärmerohren.
  13. Kaltschmelztiegel nach Anspruch 1 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der die direkte Windung bildende dicke Reif für die In-situ-Realisierung der Wärmerohre maschinell bearbeitet wird.
EP02796300A 2001-08-23 2002-08-21 Kaltschmelztiegel mit induktionserwärmung und wärmerohr-kühlung Expired - Lifetime EP1419675B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0111044A FR2828981B1 (fr) 2001-08-23 2001-08-23 Creuset a chauffage par induction et refroidissement par caloducs
FR0111044 2001-08-23
PCT/FR2002/002914 WO2003019984A1 (fr) 2001-08-23 2002-08-21 Creuset froid a chauffage par induction et refroidissement par caloducs.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1419675A1 EP1419675A1 (de) 2004-05-19
EP1419675B1 true EP1419675B1 (de) 2005-01-05

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EP02796300A Expired - Lifetime EP1419675B1 (de) 2001-08-23 2002-08-21 Kaltschmelztiegel mit induktionserwärmung und wärmerohr-kühlung

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EP (1) EP1419675B1 (de)
JP (1) JP4610893B2 (de)
DE (1) DE60202534T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2828981B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2003019984A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014174489A1 (fr) 2013-04-26 2014-10-30 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Four a chauffage par induction electromagnetique, utilisation du four pour la fusion d'un melange de metal(ux) et d'oxyde(s) representatif d'un corium

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7002900B2 (en) 2002-10-25 2006-02-21 Qualcomm Incorporated Transmit diversity processing for a multi-antenna communication system
US8134976B2 (en) 2002-10-25 2012-03-13 Qualcomm Incorporated Channel calibration for a time division duplexed communication system
US8320301B2 (en) 2002-10-25 2012-11-27 Qualcomm Incorporated MIMO WLAN system
US20040081131A1 (en) 2002-10-25 2004-04-29 Walton Jay Rod OFDM communication system with multiple OFDM symbol sizes
US7986742B2 (en) 2002-10-25 2011-07-26 Qualcomm Incorporated Pilots for MIMO communication system
US8570988B2 (en) 2002-10-25 2013-10-29 Qualcomm Incorporated Channel calibration for a time division duplexed communication system
US8169944B2 (en) 2002-10-25 2012-05-01 Qualcomm Incorporated Random access for wireless multiple-access communication systems
US7324429B2 (en) 2002-10-25 2008-01-29 Qualcomm, Incorporated Multi-mode terminal in a wireless MIMO system
US8208364B2 (en) 2002-10-25 2012-06-26 Qualcomm Incorporated MIMO system with multiple spatial multiplexing modes
US9473269B2 (en) 2003-12-01 2016-10-18 Qualcomm Incorporated Method and apparatus for providing an efficient control channel structure in a wireless communication system
US7466749B2 (en) 2005-05-12 2008-12-16 Qualcomm Incorporated Rate selection with margin sharing
US8358714B2 (en) 2005-06-16 2013-01-22 Qualcomm Incorporated Coding and modulation for multiple data streams in a communication system
FR3001856B1 (fr) * 2013-02-01 2017-10-20 Jacques Boudier Creuset froid polyphase

Family Cites Families (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD202791A1 (de) * 1981-07-13 1983-09-28 Horst Seeber Kuehlbare induktionsspule nach dem prinzip des waermerohres
DD215681A1 (de) * 1983-05-17 1984-11-14 Inducal Goellingen Veb Verlustwaermerueckgewinnung aus induktionsspulen nach dem prinzip des waermerohres
DD218983A1 (de) * 1983-05-17 1985-02-20 Inducal Goellingen Veb Kuehlbare induktionsspule nach dem prinzip des waermerohres
FR2566890B1 (fr) * 1984-06-29 1986-11-14 Commissariat Energie Atomique Cage froide pour creuset a fusion par induction electromagnetique a frequence elevee
DE19705458A1 (de) * 1997-02-13 1998-08-20 Leybold Systems Gmbh Tiegel zum induktiven Schmelzen oder Überhitzen von Metallen, Legierungen oder anderen elektrisch leitfähigen Werkstoffen
JPH1174070A (ja) * 1997-08-28 1999-03-16 Fuji Electric Co Ltd 浮揚溶解用るつぼ

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014174489A1 (fr) 2013-04-26 2014-10-30 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Four a chauffage par induction electromagnetique, utilisation du four pour la fusion d'un melange de metal(ux) et d'oxyde(s) representatif d'un corium

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Publication number Publication date
FR2828981A1 (fr) 2003-02-28
JP2005502018A (ja) 2005-01-20
DE60202534T2 (de) 2005-12-29
EP1419675A1 (de) 2004-05-19
WO2003019984A1 (fr) 2003-03-06
JP4610893B2 (ja) 2011-01-12
FR2828981B1 (fr) 2004-05-21
DE60202534D1 (de) 2005-02-10

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