Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
  • D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
  • D06M15/05—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
  • D06M15/09—Cellulose ethers
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
  • D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof

Definitions

• Any compound capable of bonding to two or more nucleophiles can be used as a crosslinker to link the hydroxyl groups on the carbohydrate sheath around and/or to the core fiber.
• nucleophiles e.g., hydroxyl, amine, thiol, etc.
• a crosslinker to link the hydroxyl groups on the carbohydrate sheath around and/or to the core fiber.
• crosslinking chemistries including polycarboxylic acids, aminoplasts (N- methylol), isocyanates, epichlorohydrin, and crosslinkable siloxane polymers, could be employed.
• Currently preferred crosslinkers are polycarboxylic acids and N-methylol compounds.
• Polycarboxylic acid crosslinkers include butanetetracarboxylic acid, polymaleic acid, polyacrylic acid, citric acid, etc.
• US Pat. 6,136,044 issued to Todd discloses the use of metal colloids to color substrates such as fibers, yarns and textiles.
• the substrate to be colored is first placed in a bath containing a reducing agent, preferably an agent that has some substantivity to the substrate. After allowing sufficient time for the reducing agent to adsorb, the substrate is removed from the bath, optionally dried, then placed in a second bath containing a dissolved metal salt corresponding to the metal colloid of interest.
• the adsorbed reducing agent reduces the salt to the colloid and serves as a nucleating site for particle growth.
• the resulting particle is adsorbed to the substrate or optionally entangled with the substrate.
• Another embodiment of the "two-tone" invention would be to have a separate dyeing step in the processing of the textile.
• the core fiber (dyed or undyed) would be treated with the carbohydrate outer layer and the fabric subsequently dyed with "cotton" dyes.
• the dyes would be chosen to react or adhere to the outer surface and not the inner core, or vice versa.
• a polyester fabric treated with the carbohydrate sheath could be selectively dyed with polyester-specific dyes for the inner core color (or none for white) and dyes specific for carbohydrates to dye the outer layer.
• One-Step method The most facile process is incorporation of the colorant into the base carbohydrate sheathing formulation prior to application of the finish to fabric.
• the colored formulation is then applied according to conventional methods such as immersion, spray, or padding, wherein the latter method is preferred.
• the colorant may be held within the sheath by such means as physical entanglement or encapsulation, electrostatic coordination, or chemical bonding to the sheathing material.
• this method provides is in attainable depths of shade.
• the sheathing layer is at most ten-fold less thick than the fabric fiber it encapsulates and is probably even smaller. Distributing the colorant evenly throughout the sheathing layer maximizes the amount of colorant applied.
• the mordant and mordant-reactive dye are mixed into a base carbohydrate sheathing formulation.
• the mordant and mordant reactive dye are mixed into the formulation in an amount, order and manner that facilitate desired properties of the resulting colored formulation.
• the resulting formulation is stable, e.g. the mordant complexes do not precipitate out. Stability is facilitated by mordant coordination to reactive groups on the water-soluble polymers of the base sheathing formulation.
• the base sheathing formulation is sufficiently viscous, the mordant complexes may be adequately suspended within the formulation and water solubility may not be required.
• sheath-wrapped fibrous substrate is exposed to mordant-metal solution.
• the mordant metal is exhausted onto the substrate by complexation with exposed reactive groups of the sheath material.
• the mordant-treated fibrous substrate is then removed from the solution, optionally dried, and then exposed to a solution containing a mordant-reactive dye.
• the dye is exhausted onto the sheath layer via complexation with the mordant on the sheath surface.
• Vat and sulfur dyes are hybrids between dyes and pigments; they are used to dye cotton and other cellulose-based fibers. In their chemically reduced (“leuco") forms they are water-soluble dyes, but when oxidized they become insoluble pigments. In conventional fiber dyeing, the fibers are exposed to the dyes in reduced form, which facilitates penetration of the dyes into the fiber. The fibers are then exposed to oxidating conditions, which induce the formation of insoluble particles adsorbed within the fibers. This hybrid behavior provides a variety of methods in which these dyes may be used as colorants in the sheathing formulation.
• one or more of the sheathing material components are added to a solution of a leuco, vat or sulfur dye.
• the component(s) are added in an amount equivalent to their weight percentage in the base sheathing formulation. More preferably, the addition of the components significantly increases the viscosity of the solution.
• the leuco dye is then oxidized to form a dispersion of particles, preferably partially encapsulating the sheathing material component(s). If required, the remaining components of the base sheathing formulation are added and the pH is adjusted to the required specification for cross-linking.
• the colored formulation is then applied to a fibrous substrate, and the substrate is cured to affix the sheathing layer. The encapsulated colorants are held fast by physical entanglements.
• the treated substrate is then dyed with a reactive dye in a multiple-step method, wherein the reactive dye reacts preferentially with the remaining functional group of the reagent.
• the sheathing formulation incorporates one bifunctional reagent and the reactive dye is modified with a second bifunctional reagent.
• the two reagents each contain at least one functional group which reacts preferentially with a functional group of the other reagent. Either a one-step or multiple-step application may be envisioned in this case. Similar ideas have been presented by Lewis and Vigo (Lewis, D.M., Lei, X.; AATCC International Conference and Exhibition Book of Papers, Oct 4-7, 1992, pp.
• Sanded, tan Burlington Industries' (Greensboro, NC) style 2606 polyester was dipped in the above solution and padded to 93% wet pick up, dried 5 min. at 250°F, and cured 30 sec at 390°F. The treated samples were then tested as described hereinabove.
• Example 6 An individual fiber from a polyester fabric treated with carboxymethylcellulose according to the present invention (Example 6, formulation prior to addition of colorant) was viewed by scanning electron microscopy (5000X).
• the cellulosic sheath formed around the hydrophobic fiber was too thin to be detected on the scanning electron micrograph.
• properties imparted by the sheath do not disturb the macro properties of the fabric; that is, the sheath does not significantly increase the diameter of the fibers, it does not fill spaces between fibers or clog the fabric with large pieces of cellulosics, and the like.
• the treated fabric feels like cotton to the touch, rather than like polyester, and exhibits improved wettability.
• Example 12 Incorporation of auxiliaries into sheath layer: Activated carbon.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
• Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
• Woven Fabrics (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Publications (1)

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• 2002
  • 2002-01-24 EP EP02705954A patent/EP1425461A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2002-01-24 CN CNA028049284A patent/CN1520481A/zh active Pending
  • 2002-01-24 JP JP2002559883A patent/JP2004526064A/ja active Pending
  • 2002-01-24 WO PCT/US2002/002091 patent/WO2002059404A2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2002-01-24 AU AU2002240071A patent/AU2002240071A1/en not_active Abandoned

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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