EP1443336A2 - Procédé de détection d'un branchement présentant une perte à terre - Google Patents

Procédé de détection d'un branchement présentant une perte à terre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1443336A2
EP1443336A2 EP04004802A EP04004802A EP1443336A2 EP 1443336 A2 EP1443336 A2 EP 1443336A2 EP 04004802 A EP04004802 A EP 04004802A EP 04004802 A EP04004802 A EP 04004802A EP 1443336 A2 EP1443336 A2 EP 1443336A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
branch
earth
zero
integral
determined
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04004802A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1443336B1 (fr
EP1443336A3 (fr
Inventor
Albert Leikermoser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Adaptive Regelsysteme GmbH
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Adaptive Regelsysteme GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Adaptive Regelsysteme GmbH filed Critical Adaptive Regelsysteme GmbH
Publication of EP1443336A2 publication Critical patent/EP1443336A2/fr
Publication of EP1443336A3 publication Critical patent/EP1443336A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1443336B1 publication Critical patent/EP1443336B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/52—Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
    • G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
    • G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
    • G01R31/088—Aspects of digital computing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/38—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to both voltage and current; responsive to phase angle between voltage and current
    • H02H3/385—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to both voltage and current; responsive to phase angle between voltage and current using at least one homopolar quantity

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for determination an earth fault in an inductive star point compensated electrical Power supply network, with at least the zero sequence voltage as measured variables or the sum of the phase earth voltages of the individual phases and the zero currents all branches or the sum of the individual phase currents of these branches or equivalent Measured variables are selected and measured.
  • EP 267 500 A1 describes a simple earth fault detection using a transient Evaluation method, in which two sub-methods are used, with each Procedure a measurement signal is obtained. Each measurement signal generates when one is exceeded a threshold signal (see e.g. column 4, line 5ff) as a degree of fulfillment can be viewed in the sense of a two-valued logic. It will follow the phase relationship between the transients of the two signal signals and from this the Direction of the earth fault determined.
  • a threshold signal see e.g. column 4, line 5ff
  • No. 4,351,011 A describes a method for detecting the direction of an earth fault described relative to the measuring location, at which the sign of the product from voltage and electricity is used for detection.
  • This object is achieved by a method which determines the temporal integrals of the branch zero currents i 0 or the temporal integrals of the sum of the individual phase currents i 1 , i 2 , i 3 , preferably numerically, and with inclusion, in order to determine a faulty earth fault evaluates the zero sequence voltage U ne or the phase earth voltages U 1e , U 2e , U 3e .
  • the method in which the transient recharging processes are evaluated in the event of an earth fault is particularly suitable for the evaluation of earth fault wipers, i.e. very short-term earth faults. The method evaluates the transient recharging process and therefore detects earth faults even if they exist only for a very short time, eg approx.
  • At least the neutral point earth voltage or the sum of the earth voltages of the individual phases and the zero currents or the sum of the individual phase currents of these branches or equivalent measurement variables are of particular advantage as measurement variables which are evaluated by the methods.
  • the evaluation is particularly advantageously carried out with the inclusion of significant branch parameters, for example the sum of the ohmic G and / or capacitive derivatives C, in particular the fundamental relationship that applies to a branch if appropriate in the time domain.
  • significant branch parameters for example the sum of the ohmic G and / or capacitive derivatives C, in particular the fundamental relationship that applies to a branch if appropriate in the time domain.
  • the method according to the invention can be simplified considerably if for evaluation the DC component of a residual current integral is calculated for the feeders and one feeder is recognized as having a ground fault if a DC component of the residual current integral determined is present or its DC component is the largest.
  • the significant branching parameters can be determined very easily in the earth-fault-free network, for example by evaluating measured values at different zero-sequence voltages U ne .
  • the determination of a faulty feeder can be significantly simplified if the DC component of the residual current integral is only calculated at times for which the zero sequence voltage U ne is zero, since then only the DC component of the residual current integral remains in the time integral of the feeder zero current and that of the feeder capacitance caused alternating share disappears.
  • the DC component of the residual current integral can be formed particularly easily as an arithmetic mean of zero current integral value pairs determined towards the end of the recording period.
  • a simple determination of a faulty branch can be achieved by means of a degree of fulfillment for the presence of an earth fault, e.g. as a relative error function is set, and preferably normalized to values between zero and one. In order to the detection of a faulty branch is reduced to determining how close the Degree of fulfillment is one.
  • the significant branching parameters can be in the case of a non-earth fault with two different ones Displacement voltages, e.g. with two different positions of the quenching coil, can be determined, the sum of the ohmic and / or the capacitive derivatives by Fourier series development of the fundamental wave, and possibly a line transfer function from the Fourier series development of the fundamental wave, and at least a harmonic of the measured variables can be determined.
  • a simplification of this method results from the fact that the zero-current integrals increase pairwise times are calculated at which the neutral point earth voltage is the same Is zero, and the DC component of the residual current integral from one at these times determined zero current integral - pair of values formed and to determine the degree of fulfillment is used for the presence of an earth fault.
  • the time pairs are temporal separated by half a period of the neutral point earth voltage and are preferred determined at the end of the transient reloading process.
  • the advantage with this The process variant is, among other things, that no information about the capacitive Derivatives are required, but at most those via the ohmic derivatives.
  • the Degree of fulfillment for the presence of an earth fault is preferably by means of a relative Error function, e.g. the DC component of the residual current integral based on the sum the equal proportions of all branches, so that the degree of fulfillment in the sense of a logic are already standardized between 0 and 1 and can be further processed in this form.
  • the supply network 1 shown in FIG. 1 has a three-phase busbar 2, which is fed by a transformer 3, the star point of which is grounded via an inductor 4, for example a plunger coil, the inductance of which can generally be matched to the resonance point of the displacement voltage U ne . that is, a deleted or inductively neutralized supply network.
  • a transformer 3 the star point of which is grounded via an inductor 4, for example a plunger coil, the inductance of which can generally be matched to the resonance point of the displacement voltage U ne . that is, a deleted or inductively neutralized supply network.
  • branches 1, 2,... N are connected to the busbar 2, each having ohmic g and capacitive derivatives C, as well as series resistances and inductances.
  • an earth fault with the ohmic conductance g k is indicated at location x, via which the fault current I F flows.
  • the line model on which the calculations are based is shown in more detail in FIG. to Treatment of single-pole earth faults in extinguished medium and high voltage lines it is generally necessary to use a suitable model (equivalent circuit diagram) for further considerations to design the line.
  • the structure of the model depends heavily on the one under consideration Frequency spectrum. Basically, there is one line in the entire frequency spectrum can only be written by a system with distributed parameters.
  • the procedure described below serves on the one hand to determine the ground fault Branch (earth fault of a phase) and on the other hand provides information about the The presence of an earth fault in the deleted overall network.
  • the method described uses the three phase earth voltages U 1e , U 2e , U 3e or the neutral point earth voltage (or zero sequence voltage) U ne as measurement variables and the measurement of the zero currents of all branches (I 01 , I 02 , ..., I 0n ) or as a replacement for a branch zero current, the sum of the phase currents i 1 , i 2 , i 3 of this branch in advance, if necessary in a slightly modified form, e.g. the sampling of a measured variable at equidistant time intervals, the measurement of a fundamental wave and / or one or more harmonics Measured quantities in amount and phase in relation to a temporal reference quantity.
  • the arithmetic mean of the three phase earth voltages ((U 1e + U 2e + U 3e ) / 3) can alternatively be used.
  • the residual current integral I if (t) can be clearly determined even without knowledge of C if sample sequences are known in the period from at least 10 ms before the earth fault occurs to a few hundred ms after the earth fault occurs and the transfer function F 1 (p) and the sum of the ohmic values Derivatives G in the healthy network was determined.
  • the processing of the model for the transient settling process yields important findings: There is no DC component in the zero-current integral of healthy branches corrected by the term I u (tsj) • G.
  • the fault current integral, or the zero current integral corrected by the term I u (tsj) • G, of the feeder affected by the earth fault has, in addition to an alternating component, also a direct component which results from the reloading of the earth capacities of the entire network via the fault location.
  • the alternating component of the residual current integral consists of a fundamental wave component, the odd-numbered harmonic components of the network and aperiodically decaying higher-frequency components caused by the leakage inductances of the supply transformer and the line capacities. Since the higher-frequency component decays rapidly, it can be assumed that towards the end of the recording interval there is only one equal component, as well as the fundamental wave and the harmonics, ie the alternating component of the residual current integral is periodic.
  • the wiper method requires two measurements - before and after a change in the zero sequence voltage, e.g. by feeding current into the star point or by moving the quenching coil - in a healthy (non-earthed) network. From these two measurements, the significant line parameters G, C, F i (t) describing the branch are calculated for the respective line outlet. These parameters are then required to determine the feeder in the event of an earth fault.
  • the method according to the invention explained above has the following advantages, among others on.
  • the method is for the evaluation of earth fault wipers as well as for the suitable for quick location of stationary earth faults.
  • the procedure evaluates the transient Reloading process and also detects earth faults if they occur for approx. 1 to 2 milliseconds exist (because of the residual current integral). It is not necessary that the earth fault remains upright for the entire first period.
  • the residual current integral over the second period indicates whether the transient reloading process has already been completed.
  • the current integral per period and branch can continuously be accurate can be determined to minimize hardware offset errors.
  • the procedure described in detail above is briefly described again:
  • the transient recharging process of the network that occurs after an earth fault occurs via the earth fault point by means of a time-equidistant sampling of the zero sequence voltage or three phase earth voltages and all zero currents and subsequently evaluated using a line model.
  • This method evaluates transient system states as intended and cannot be used in the case of a stationary earth fault.
  • the execution of the method delivers a normalized degree of fulfillment of the earth fault presumption p (n), lying between 0 and 1, for all N branches with n equal to 1 to N.
  • Figure 3 is a block diagram for a non-limiting embodiment for implementation shown the device according to the invention.
  • the device comprises a scanning unit 10 with which the above-described measurement quantities supplied by corresponding known measuring devices and measuring transformers can be sampled, namely the signals supplied by the branch current transformers for the zero currents on all branches, the signals for the phase signals coming from the voltage measuring transformers.
  • a synchronization unit connected to at least two signals for the phase earth voltage 11 provided, which to form a phase reference for the scanning unit 10 is set up.
  • This phase reference is sent to a PLL unit 12 (phase locked loop), which is used for phase-synchronous multiplication of the mains frequency and a Output signal for sampling the measurement signals to the scanning unit 10 supplies.
  • PLL unit 12 phase locked loop
  • the sampled measured values are initially transmitted to a trigger unit 13, in which the measured zero currents and the zero sequence voltage, or the phase earth voltages be monitored for sudden changes.
  • This trigger unit 13 triggers when exceeded one or more of predefined threshold values by one of these measured variables procedural measurement recording cycles.
  • the recorded Measuring cycles are stored in a memory (not shown).
  • the stored measurement values are then carried out in an evaluation unit 15 evaluated the wiper method described above.
  • the unit 15 delivers in the case of one triggered recording and evaluation of measured values a result regarding the Degree of fulfillment for the presence of an earth fault at a specific branch 1, 2, ... n. This degree of fulfillment is subsequently forwarded to an output unit 20 which e.g. triggers a display, an alarm, an emergency operation, a shutdown or the like.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
  • Locating Faults (AREA)
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Resistance Or Impedance (AREA)
EP04004802A 1998-11-20 1999-11-17 Procédé de détection d'un branchement présentant une perte à terre Expired - Lifetime EP1443336B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0194698A ATA194698A (de) 1998-11-20 1998-11-20 Verfahren zur bestimmung des erdschlussbehafteten abzweiges
AT194698 1998-11-20
EP99963307A EP1131642A1 (fr) 1998-11-20 1999-11-17 Procede de determination d'un branchement presentant une perte a la terre

Related Parent Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99963307.6 Division 1999-11-17
EP99963307A Division EP1131642A1 (fr) 1998-11-20 1999-11-17 Procede de determination d'un branchement presentant une perte a la terre

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1443336A2 true EP1443336A2 (fr) 2004-08-04
EP1443336A3 EP1443336A3 (fr) 2005-12-14
EP1443336B1 EP1443336B1 (fr) 2007-10-17

Family

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Family Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99963307A Withdrawn EP1131642A1 (fr) 1998-11-20 1999-11-17 Procede de determination d'un branchement presentant une perte a la terre
EP05100754A Withdrawn EP1533623A3 (fr) 1998-11-20 1999-11-17 Procédé de détection d'un branchement présentant une perte à terre
EP04004802A Expired - Lifetime EP1443336B1 (fr) 1998-11-20 1999-11-17 Procédé de détection d'un branchement présentant une perte à terre

Family Applications Before (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99963307A Withdrawn EP1131642A1 (fr) 1998-11-20 1999-11-17 Procede de determination d'un branchement presentant une perte a la terre
EP05100754A Withdrawn EP1533623A3 (fr) 1998-11-20 1999-11-17 Procédé de détection d'un branchement présentant une perte à terre

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (3) EP1131642A1 (fr)
AT (2) ATA194698A (fr)
DE (1) DE59914531D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000031554A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102021112016B3 (de) 2021-05-07 2022-09-15 Dipl.-Ing. H. Horstmann Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ermitteln einer Erdschlussrichtung

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PL236806B1 (pl) * 2018-11-27 2021-02-22 Politechnika Poznanska Układ i sposób detekcji zwarć wysokooporowych linii kablowych i kablowo-napowietrznych
CN113759206B (zh) * 2020-06-05 2026-04-14 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 一种配电网故障类型的判断方法和系统
CN114355099A (zh) * 2021-12-07 2022-04-15 国网河南省电力公司电力科学研究院 基于现场录波数据分析的配电网单相接地故障检测方法
CN114720819A (zh) * 2022-04-01 2022-07-08 重庆邮电大学 一种基于自校验学习的故障区段二分定位方法
CN115616336A (zh) * 2022-07-14 2023-01-17 国网山东省电力公司威海市文登区供电公司 基于复合零序导纳偏离度的单相接地故障选线方法及系统
DE102022210539A1 (de) * 2022-10-06 2024-04-11 Vitesco Technologies GmbH Isolationsfehlererkennung anhand veränderter Signalformen in der Phasenspannung gegenüber Schutzleiterpotential
CN119827901B (zh) * 2024-12-16 2025-07-15 成都理工大学 基于零序电流积分特性的高阻接地故障检测方法

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DE102021112016B3 (de) 2021-05-07 2022-09-15 Dipl.-Ing. H. Horstmann Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ermitteln einer Erdschlussrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59914531D1 (de) 2007-11-29
EP1131642A1 (fr) 2001-09-12
EP1533623A2 (fr) 2005-05-25
WO2000031554A1 (fr) 2000-06-02
ATA194698A (de) 2001-11-15
ATE376188T1 (de) 2007-11-15
EP1443336B1 (fr) 2007-10-17
EP1533623A3 (fr) 2010-10-06
EP1443336A3 (fr) 2005-12-14

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