EP1447634A1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von mindestens einem gasförmigen unter hohem Druck stehenden Produktstrom, wie Sauerstoff, Stickstoff oder Argon, durch Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von mindestens einem gasförmigen unter hohem Druck stehenden Produktstrom, wie Sauerstoff, Stickstoff oder Argon, durch Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1447634A1
EP1447634A1 EP04300066A EP04300066A EP1447634A1 EP 1447634 A1 EP1447634 A1 EP 1447634A1 EP 04300066 A EP04300066 A EP 04300066A EP 04300066 A EP04300066 A EP 04300066A EP 1447634 A1 EP1447634 A1 EP 1447634A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
exchange line
turbine
high pressure
heat exchange
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04300066A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1447634B1 (de
Inventor
Lasad l'Air Liquide SA Jaouani
Bao l'Air Liquide SA Ha
Ovidiu l'Air Liquide SA Balog
Maurice l'Air Liquide SA Grenier
Xavier l'Air Liquide SA Pontone
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA a Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Publication of EP1447634A1 publication Critical patent/EP1447634A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04163—Hot end purification of the feed air
    • F25J3/04169—Hot end purification of the feed air by adsorption of the impurities
    • F25J3/04175—Hot end purification of the feed air by adsorption of the impurities at a pressure of substantially more than the highest pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04048—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams
    • F25J3/04054—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams of air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04048—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams
    • F25J3/0406—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams of nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
    • F25J3/0409—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
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    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04236—Integration of different exchangers in a single core, so-called integrated cores
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
    • F25J3/04296—Claude expansion, i.e. expanded into the main or high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04333—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/04351—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of nitrogen
    • F25J3/04357—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of nitrogen and comprising a gas work expansion loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04375—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc.
    • F25J3/04381—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc. using work extraction by mechanical coupling of compression and expansion so-called companders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04375—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc.
    • F25J3/04393—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc. using multiple or multistage gas work expansion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04781—Pressure changing devices, e.g. for compression, expansion, liquid pumping
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04787—Heat exchange, e.g. main heat exchange line; Subcooler, external reboiler-condenser
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J2245/50—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/62—Details of storing a fluid in a tank

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a production process under gaseous form and under high pressure of at least one fluid selected from oxygen, argon and nitrogen, in which air is distilled, said fluid in the liquid state at high pressure, it is vaporized and heated under this high pressure in the heat exchange line of the installation.
  • high pressure means higher than about 10 bar for oxygen, argon and nitrogen
  • “Blower” means a compressor having a single compression stage.
  • the pressures in question are absolute pressures.
  • EP-A-0504029 discloses a process in which all air is compressed at high pressure in a blower, part of the air at high pressure is relaxed in a Claude turbine (ie, a Claude turbine that opens in the medium pressure column) and the rest of the air exchange of the heat with liquid oxygen being vaporized in the line exchange.
  • a Claude turbine ie, a Claude turbine that opens in the medium pressure column
  • EP-A-0644388 discloses a method in which part of the air is compressed at medium pressure and sent to the middle column pressure of a double column while the rest of the air is overpressed to ambient temperature. Part of the overpressed air is then compressed in a cold booster.
  • the air out of the heat exchange line is at the entrance of the blower at room temperature because there is very little gas colds that are warming in the exchange line.
  • the air out of the heat exchange line is at the entrance of the blower at room temperature because there is very little gas colds that are warming in the exchange line.
  • An object of the invention is to allow a quick start of the device without risk of damage to the exchange line.
  • a production method under gaseous form and under high pressure of at least one fluid selected from oxygen, argon and nitrogen in an air separation apparatus wherein we compress all the air intended for the distillation in a compressor, we purify compressed air, it overpresses at least a first part of the air to a high pressure, we send the compressed air and purified in a line of exchange thermal system where it cools, the compressed air is separated, purified and cooled in a system of columns of the installation comprising at least a distillation column, a fluid in the liquid state is withdrawn from a column of system of columns, said fluid is brought to the liquid state at high pressure, it is vaporized by heat exchange with air and the liquid is heated up vaporized under this high pressure in the heat exchange line of the installation relaxes at least a portion of the compressed air in a turbine the pressure is raised to a second pressure, the relaxed air being then sent to a column of the column system, in operation normal, with the supercharged air being cooled to
  • oxygen covers fluids containing at least 60 mol%. oxygen, preferably at least 80 mol%. of oxygen
  • argon covers fluids containing at least 90 mol%. argon, preferably at minus 95 mol% argon
  • nitrogen covers fluids containing minus 80 mol%. nitrogen, preferably at least 90 mol%. nitrogen.
  • an installation of production in gaseous form and under high pressure of at least one fluid selected from oxygen, argon and nitrogen, of the type comprising a system of air distillation columns, a booster for overpressing at least one part of the feed air or a cycle gas up to a high pressure, a heat exchange line putting in heat exchange relation the air incoming and withdrawn fluids from the column system, of which said fluid (s) in liquid form withdrawn from the distillation apparatus and compressed by a pump, and a turbine whose input is connected to the output of the booster by means which cross the heat exchange line and characterized in that the inlet of the turbine is also connected to the output of the booster by means that do not cross the heat exchange line.
  • the inlet of the turbine and the outlet of the booster are connected through cooling means.
  • the air sent to the booster can consist of at least a part incoming air during cooling.
  • the inlet temperature of the turbine is warmer as the inlet temperature of the cold booster.
  • the air distillation plant shown in Figure 1 comprises essentially an air compressor 1, an air cleaning apparatus 2, a turbine-booster assembly 3, comprising an expansion turbine 4 and a booster 5 whose shafts are coupled, a heat exchanger 6 constituting the thermal exchange line of the installation and of which the cold part serves as the subcooler; a double distillation column 7 comprising a medium pressure column 8 and a low pressure column 9, with a vaporizer-condenser 10 connecting heat exchange the overhead gas of the medium pressure column and the bottom liquid of the low pressure column; a liquid oxygen tank 11 whose bottom is connected to a pump 12; and a tank of liquid nitrogen 13 whose bottom is connected to a pump 14.
  • This installation is intended to provide, via a pipe 15, gaseous oxygen under a high pressure, which can be between 5 and 50 bar abs, preferably between 10 and 50 bar abs.
  • liquid oxygen withdrawn from the tank of column 9, via a pipe 16, and stored in the tank 11, is brought to the high pressure by the pump 12 in the liquid state, then vaporized and heated under this high pressure in passages 17 of the exchanger 6.
  • All of the air to be distilled is compressed by the compressor 1 to a pressure greater than the pressure of the medium pressure column 8 but lower than the high pressure. Then the air pre-cooled to 18 and cooled to neighborhood of the ambient temperature in 19 is purified in one of adsorption bottles and overpressed all at high pressure by the booster 5, which is driven by the turbine 4.
  • valve V1 If the inlet or outlet temperature of the turbine 4 becomes too low following start-up or changeover, the opening of valve V1 is triggered, and at least some of the air overpressed and cooled passes directly to the inlet of the turbine 4 without passing through the exchanger 6. This avoids to damage the turbine.
  • valve V1 closes by again and all the air goes to the hot end of the exchanger.
  • the installation shown in Figure 2 is intended to produce oxygen gas under a high pressure, for example between 10 and 50 bar, particularly of the order of 40 bar It essentially comprises a double distillation column 7 consisting of a medium pressure column 8, operating at about 6 bar, and a low pressure column 9, operating at a pressure slightly above 1 bar, a line heat exchange 6, which is integrated cold end subcooler, a liquid oxygen pump 12, a cold blower 5A and a turbine 4 of which the wheel is mounted on the same shaft as that of the cold blower and a oil brake 49.
  • a double distillation column 7 consisting of a medium pressure column 8, operating at about 6 bar, and a low pressure column 9, operating at a pressure slightly above 1 bar
  • a line heat exchange 6 which is integrated cold end subcooler
  • a liquid oxygen pump 12 a cold blower 5A and a turbine 4 of which the wheel is mounted on the same shaft as that of the cold blower and a oil brake 49.
  • the pump 12 draws liquid oxygen at about 2 bar from the tank of the column 9, the door to a pressure greater than the pressure of desired production, for example 40 bars, and introduced into passages 17 of vaporization-oxygenation of the exchange line.
  • the air to be distilled, compressed, cooled and purified in a conventional way arrives at about 16.5 bars via a pipe and enters passages 30 of air cooling of the exchange line 6.
  • the air conveyed by the pipe 43 and not deflected by the pipe 41 continues its cooling in the exchange line and leaves it upstream of the sousrefroidisseur. He is then relaxed at the average pressure in a expansion valve 27 and sent to the distillation columns, in particular in column of the column 8.
  • the blower 5A which ensures the pressure is driven by the turbine 4, so that no external energy is needed.
  • the amount of cold produced by this turbine may be slightly greater than the heat of compression, and the surplus contributes to maintaining cold installation.
  • a balance or all of the frigories can be provided by relaxation air or nitrogen at medium pressure in another turbine (not shown).
  • the or each cold blower can compress a gas other than the air circulating in the heat exchange line, in particular the cycle nitrogen preheated to room temperature, compressed and being cooled.
  • the installation comprises a valve V1 on a pipe 45 connecting the output of the blower 5A and the pipe 41 bringing air to the inlet of the turbine 4 and a valve V2 on the pipe 39 connecting the outlet of the fan 5A and the inlet of the exchanger of the pipe 39.
  • the air to be distilled reaches about 16.5 bar and enters cooling passages of air from the exchange line.
  • the air (or possibly some of the air) is out of line exchange via a pipe 37 at a temperature that can reach 90 ° C and brought to the suction of the cold blower 5A. This one overpresses this air between 20 and 26 bar and a temperature up to 120 ° C, the valve V1 being open and the valve V2 closed, the compressed air is sent by the pipes 45, 41 directly to the inlet of the turbine 4 without cooling in the exchange line 6. The relaxed air is then sent to the bottom of the column medium pressure 8.
  • the temperature measuring means detect whether the inlet temperature of the turbine 4 and / or the outlet of the air blower from the blower 5A falls below a predetermined threshold and if the temperature is low enough, the valve V2 opens and the valve V1 is closes so that the supercharged air in 5A is sent to line 39, then to exchange line 6, before being divided in two and sent partly to the turbine 4 and partly to the tank of the medium pressure column 8
  • This Valve arrangement corresponds to stable operation.
  • closing the valve V1 and opening the valve V2 can be triggered a certain time after the implementation operation of the main compressor.
  • Valves V1, V2 can also have the same operation than in Figure 1, that is, if the inlet temperature of the turbine and / or outlet of the blower becomes too low, a hot air shipment to the turbine can be initiated by opening the valve V1 so that the air passes directly from the blower to the turbine through line 45.
  • Control of the tank level (LIC) of the medium pressure column 8 or the low pressure column 9 can be made by acting on the speed of the turbine 4 via a SIC (indicator and cruise control).
  • the speed of rotation can also be fixed for the installation to operate in excess of cooling capacity.
  • the excess of cold is eliminated by any line liquid (nitrogen, oxygen or argon) from the cold box, for example by opening the valve V3.
  • the liquid line must have an automatic valve whose opening and the closure are related to tank level thresholds of the low column pressure 9.
  • the Claude 4 turbine, and possibly the cold blower 5A can be coupled to a device for adsorbing energy other than an oil brake 49, such as an alternator or generator.
  • the invention also applies to the case where only a part of the air is overpressed as seen in Figures 6, 8, 10 and 11 of EP504029 and in EP-A-0644388 and FR-A-2688052.
  • the liquid lifts 23, 24 and the productions 15, 29 of the column low pressure 9 are identical to those previously described.
  • Compressed air at medium pressure is purified and then cools in the exchange line 6 before being sent to the medium pressure column 8.
  • Medium pressure nitrogen is withdrawn at the top of the middle column pressure 8, warmed in the exchange line 6 to the hot end and then compressed in a compressor 54. All or a portion of the compressed nitrogen is cooled by a cooler 47 and enters the exchange line.
  • the nitrogen returned to the exchange line comes out of it at a temperature intermediate to be overpressed in a booster 5B coupled to the same shaft than a 5B turbine.
  • a valve V2 is open on a pipe 39 which brings back the pressurized nitrogen in the exchange line to be cooled and the valve V1 on a pipe 45 is closed.
  • valve V1 opens and the valve V2 closes so that the compressed nitrogen in the booster 5B arrives at the inlet of the turbine 4B without being cooled in the line exchange. It is also possible to adjust the valves so that part of the pressurized nitrogen arrives at the inlet of the turbine after cooling in the trading line while the rest of the pressurized nitrogen arrives at the inlet turbine 48 without cooling.
  • the column system may comprise a single column, a double column or triple column with or without a column of mixture argon, a mixing column or any other type of separation column of a gas of the air.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
EP04300066.0A 2003-02-13 2004-02-05 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von mindestens einem gasförmigen unter hohem Druck stehenden Produktstrom, wie Sauerstoff, Stickstoff oder Argon, durch Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft Expired - Lifetime EP1447634B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0301722A FR2851330B1 (fr) 2003-02-13 2003-02-13 Procede et installation de production sous forme gazeuse et sous haute pression d'au moins un fluide choisi parmi l'oxygene, l'argon et l'azote par distillation cryogenique de l'air
FR0301722 2003-02-13

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FR2930331B1 (fr) * 2008-04-22 2013-09-13 Air Liquide Procede et appareil de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique
EP2369281A1 (de) * 2010-03-09 2011-09-28 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft
FR2959802B1 (fr) * 2010-05-10 2013-01-04 Air Liquide Procede et appareil de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique
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FR3069915B1 (fr) * 2017-08-03 2020-11-20 Air Liquide Appareil et procede de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique
CN113195991B (zh) * 2018-12-19 2023-05-02 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 低温空气分离单元的启动方法和相关联的空气分离单元
FR3090831B1 (fr) * 2018-12-21 2022-06-03 L´Air Liquide Sa Pour L’Etude Et L’Exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Appareil et procédé de séparation d’air par distillation cryogénique
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CN109737691B (zh) * 2019-01-31 2020-05-19 东北大学 一种钢铁企业空气分离系统
CN110787587A (zh) 2019-11-08 2020-02-14 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 一种空分纯化均压系统及控制方法
TWI849486B (zh) * 2022-08-26 2024-07-21 中國鋼鐵股份有限公司 一種縮短液氬產出時間的方法

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EP1447634B1 (de) 2018-07-25
CN1521121A (zh) 2004-08-18
CN100394132C (zh) 2008-06-11
FR2851330A1 (fr) 2004-08-20
US20060254312A1 (en) 2006-11-16
US20040221612A1 (en) 2004-11-11
US7370494B2 (en) 2008-05-13
ES2685794T3 (es) 2018-10-11
FR2851330B1 (fr) 2006-01-06
US7076971B2 (en) 2006-07-18

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