Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F26—DRYING
  • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
  • F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
  • F26B5/005—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by dipping them into or mixing them with a chemical liquid, e.g. organic; chemical, e.g. organic, dewatering aids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
  • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
  • C02F1/5263—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using natural chemical compounds
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D37/00—Processes of filtration
  • B01D37/02—Precoating the filter medium; Addition of filter aids to the liquid being filtered
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
  • C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
  • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
  • C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
  • C02F11/147—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents using organic substances
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F26—DRYING
  • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
  • F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying goods
  • F26B2200/18—Sludges, e.g. sewage, waste, industrial processes, cooling towers

Definitions

• collectors In conventional flotation processes, appropriate collectors (mostly surfactants) are used to render selected particles hydrophobic.
• the collector molecules adsorb on the surface of the particles with their polar groups serving effectively as . 'anchors', leaving the hydrocarbon tails (or hydrophobes) exposed to the aqueous phase. Since the hydrocarbon tails are hydrophobic, the collector-coated surfaces acquire hydrophobicity, which is a prerequisite for flotation. In general, the higher the packing density of the hydrophobes on a surface, the stronger the surface hydrophobicity.
• triacylglycerols are reacted with glycerol to produce a mixture of esters containing one or two acyl groups. This reaction is referred to as interesterification.
• the acyl groups of the naturally occurring lipids contain even number of hydrocarbons between 12 and 20, and may be either saturated or unsaturated.
• the unsaturated acyl groups usually have cis geometry, which is not conducive to forming close-packed monolayers of hydrocarbons. Some of the lipids have higher degrees of unsaturation than others. Therefore, it is desirable to either use the lipids containing lower degree of unsaturation as they occur in nature, or use the lipids containing higher degree of unsaturation after hydrogenation.
• the hydrogenation can decrease the degree of unsaturation of the acyl groups. This technique can be applied to naturally occurring lipids, or after breaking the triacylglycerols present in the naturally occurring lipids to smaller molecules using the methods described above.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Molecular Biology (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
• Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
• Removal Of Floating Material (AREA)
• Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
• Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
• Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
• Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)

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• 2001
  • 2001-11-25 WO PCT/US2001/047680 patent/WO2003045566A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2001-11-25 CA CA2468233A patent/CA2468233C/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2001-11-25 EP EP01994189A patent/EP1448306A4/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2001-11-25 AU AU2002246613A patent/AU2002246613B2/en not_active Expired
• 2002
  • 2002-02-20 AT AT02723176T patent/ATE446131T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2002-02-20 EP EP02723176A patent/EP1450928B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2002-02-20 CA CA2467953A patent/CA2467953C/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2002-02-20 DE DE60234119T patent/DE60234119D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2002-02-20 PT PT02723176T patent/PT1450928E/pt unknown
  • 2002-02-20 ES ES02723176T patent/ES2335087T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2002-02-20 WO PCT/US2002/004815 patent/WO2003039714A1/fr not_active Ceased

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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