EP1451071B1 - Ebauche de recipient - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP1451071B1
EP1451071B1 EP02724025A EP02724025A EP1451071B1 EP 1451071 B1 EP1451071 B1 EP 1451071B1 EP 02724025 A EP02724025 A EP 02724025A EP 02724025 A EP02724025 A EP 02724025A EP 1451071 B1 EP1451071 B1 EP 1451071B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fold lines
blank
pattern
parallel spaced
line
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02724025A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1451071A1 (fr
Inventor
Laszlo Mayer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1451071A1 publication Critical patent/EP1451071A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1451071B1 publication Critical patent/EP1451071B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D5/00—Rigid or semi-rigid containers of polygonal cross-section, e.g. boxes, cartons or trays, formed by folding or erecting one or more blanks made of paper
    • B65D5/42—Details of containers or of foldable or erectable container blanks
    • B65D5/4266—Folding lines, score lines, crease lines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D5/00—Rigid or semi-rigid containers of polygonal cross-section, e.g. boxes, cartons or trays, formed by folding or erecting one or more blanks made of paper
    • B65D5/0005—Rigid or semi-rigid containers of polygonal cross-section, e.g. boxes, cartons or trays, formed by folding or erecting one or more blanks made of paper of variable capacity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D5/00—Rigid or semi-rigid containers of polygonal cross-section, e.g. boxes, cartons or trays, formed by folding or erecting one or more blanks made of paper
    • B65D5/42—Details of containers or of foldable or erectable container blanks
    • B65D5/4212—Information or decoration elements, e.g. content indicators, or for mailing
    • B65D5/4216—Cards, coupons or the like formed integrally with, or printed directly on, the container or lid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D5/00—Rigid or semi-rigid containers of polygonal cross-section, e.g. boxes, cartons or trays, formed by folding or erecting one or more blanks made of paper
    • B65D5/42—Details of containers or of foldable or erectable container blanks
    • B65D5/4212—Information or decoration elements, e.g. content indicators, or for mailing
    • B65D5/425—Decoration elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D5/00—Rigid or semi-rigid containers of polygonal cross-section, e.g. boxes, cartons or trays, formed by folding or erecting one or more blanks made of paper
    • B65D5/42—Details of containers or of foldable or erectable container blanks
    • B65D5/4279—Joints, seams, leakproof joints or corners, special connections between panels
    • B65D5/4283—Connections formed by separate elements, e.g. clips, bands, straps
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F1/00—Cardboard or like show-cards of foldable or flexible material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2301/00—Details of blanks
    • B65D2301/20—Details of blanks made of plastic material

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a blank, method and kit for the erection of containers
  • containers are normally erected from blanks provided with a shape, pattern of fold lines and/or slits configured to provide a container of a specific shape, size and configuration.
  • a specific die is prepared for the manufacture of a specific container.
  • a blank of sheet material for forming a container having any one of a plurality of shapes, sizes and/or configurations, provided with a pattern of fold lines, the pattern including:
  • the pattern of fold lines may be a cross-hatched grid or matrix.
  • Fold lines will be understood to mean an indicated line, embossed line, line of perforations, scores, creases, or any line of weakness such as a pre-folded line, and the like.
  • the pattern may be selected such that a container having any one of a plurality of shapes, sizes and/or configuration can be erected from the blank.
  • the shape and/or size of the erected container is dependent on the dimensions of the blank sheet of material.
  • the first and second plurality of parallel spaced fold lines may define rows and columns of rectangular shapes, on the surface of the blank, each rectangular shape being separated from adjacent shapes by the fold lines.
  • Each rectangular shape defined by the first and second pluralities of fold lines may have four equal sides i.e. be a square.
  • the pattern may further include a third plurality of parallel spaced fold lines at an angle to the first and second pluralities of fold lines.
  • the pattern may further include a fourth plurality of parallel spaced fold lines at an angle to the first and second pluralities of fold lines and transverse to the third plurality of fold lines.
  • One or more of the fourth plurality of fold lines may intersect one or more of the third plurality of fold lines.
  • the blank may include instructions printed thereon to a person for folding, connecting and/or cutting the blank in order to erect a container of the shape size and/or configuration as desired by the person.
  • the blank may be provided with decorative printed or embossed markings.
  • the markings may be foil laminated print markings.
  • the third and fourth pluralities of fold lines may be diagonal with respect to the rectangular shapes defined by the first and second plurality of parallel spaced fold lines.
  • Each rectangular shape defined by the third and fourth pluralities of fold lines may have four equal sides i.e. be a square.
  • the sheet material may be any suitable stiff paper, plastic coated paper, plastic board, carton paper, corrugated cardboard, plastic laminated paper, twin walled extruded plastic sheeting, and the like material.
  • the blank is provided with a connecting device, the device having:
  • the connecting device may be foldable.
  • the connecting device may be foldable by virtue of being made from a flexible material or a rigid material which is foldable by virtue of the fold lines provided thereon.
  • the connecting device may adhesively connect said panels to form at least a portion of the container defined by the panels.
  • the connecting device is made from 100 micron polypropylene, matt while material, having a 45 gram paper foil self adhesive layer.
  • the connecting device may be generally square shaped and the pattern of fold lines may include:
  • the pattern of fold lines may further include a second pair of parallel spaced fold lines extending transversely from the other of the first pair of fold lines to the nearest edge proximate a line, which divide the device in two oblong shaped halves.
  • the pattern of fold lines may further include one or more diagonal fold lines.
  • the connecting device may also function as a reinforcing means for reinforcing panels of the erected container.
  • a method of manufacturing containers which includes the step of providing a blank sheet of material provided with a pattern of fold lines, the pattern including:
  • a blank of sheet of stiff paper material for a container is generally indicated by reference numeral 10.
  • the blank 10 of sheet material for a container is provided with a pattern 12 of printed fold lines.
  • the pattern 12 is selected such that a container 14 having any one of a plurality of shapes, sizes and/ or configuration can be erected from the blank, such as the examples shown in figures 2 to 4.
  • the pattern 12 includes a first plurality of parallel spaced fold lines 16 and a second plurality of parallel spaced fold lines 18 perpendicular to and which intersect the first plurality of fold lines 16.
  • the pattern 12 further includes a third plurality of parallel spaced fold lines 20 and a fourth plurality of parallel spaced fold lines 22, both at an angle to the first and second pluralities of fold lines 16 and 18.
  • the fourth plurality of parallel spaced fold lines 22 is perpendicular to the third plurality of fold lines 20 and intersects the third plurality of fold lines 20.
  • Figure 2 shows a container 14.1 having a triangular cross section erected from a blank 10, which has been cut and folded along the darkened lines 23.
  • Figure 3 shows a container 14.2 having a lid 25 erected from a blank 10, which has been cut and folded along the darkened lines 23.
  • a connecting device of a flexible sheet material in accordance with the invention, is indicated by reference numeral 24.
  • the connecting device 24 has an adhesive on the surface of one of the sides and a pattern of fold lines 26.
  • the pattern of fold lines 26 are configured such that the connecting device 24 can be cut and/ or folded (indicated by arrows marked 28) to adhesively connect panels 30 of a container 14 at a corner (as shown in Figures 11 and 13) defined by the panels 30, to form a hinged lid (as shown in Figure 12) defined by the panels 30, and connect panels 30 which abut, neighbour, overlap and/or is coterminous along edges (as shown in figures 6 to 10).
  • the connecting device 24 is generally square shaped and the pattern of printed fold lines 26 includes a first pair 26.1 of parallel spaced fold lines extending from one edge of the device 24 to the other opposed edge along a line, which divide the device 10 in two oblong shaped halves and a fold line 26.2, perpendicular to, along a line, which divide the device 24 in two oblong shaped halves.
  • the fold line 26.2 extends from one of the first pair of parallel lines 26.1 to the nearest edge.
  • the pattern of fold lines 26 further includes a second pair 26.3 of parallel spaced fold lines extending perpendicular from the other of the first pair of fold lines 26.1 to the nearest edge proximate a line, which divide the device 24 in two oblong shaped halves.
  • the pattern of fold lines 26 further includes a diagonal fold line 26.4.
  • Figure 14 shows an elongate label device 32 of a flexible sheet material.
  • the device 32 has an adhesive on the surface of one of the sides.
  • the device 32 is symmetrical along a fold line 34 provided across its width such that the adhesive surface can be folded in two matching halves, which adhere to each other.
  • the label device 32 is also provided with further matching pairs of fold lines 36 across its width proximate opposed ends of the device 32.
  • the label device 32 is provided with a matching pair of markings 38, indicating the position where matching holes 40 can be made by a person.
  • a marking 38 is proximate each opposed end of the label device 32.
  • the versatility and uses of the device 32 are clearly indicated by Figure 14.
  • Figure 15 shows further, decorative and tagging, uses of the connecting device 24 and the label device 32, respectively.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cartons (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Making Paper Articles (AREA)

Claims (17)

  1. Ebauche de matériau en feuilles destinée à former un récipient ayant l'une quelconque d'une pluralité de formes, de tailles et/ou de configurations, munie d'un schéma de lignes de pliage, le schéma comprenant :
    une première pluralité de lignes de pliage à espacement parallèle et une deuxième pluralité de lignes de pliage à espacement parallèle se trouvant dans un plan transversal par rapport à la première pluralité de lignes de pliage,
    caractérisée en ce que
    les lignes de pliage se présentent sous la forme de lignes discontinues et qu'il y a une interruption au niveau des emplacements où se serait produite l'intersection des lignes de pliage entre les lignes de pliage de la première pluralité et les lignes de pliage de la deuxième pluralité, et par conséquent elles ne s'entrecroisent pas, mais rayonnent vers l'extérieur à partir dudit emplacement.
  2. Ebauche, selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la première et la deuxième pluralités de lignes de pliage à espacement parallèle définissent des rangées et des colonnes de forme rectangulaire, sur la surface de l'ébauche, chaque forme rectangulaire étant séparée des formes adjacentes par les lignes de pliage.
  3. Ebauche, selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, dans laquelle le schéma inclut une troisième pluralité de lignes de pliage à espacement parallèle qui se trouvent à un angle par rapport aux première et deuxième pluralités de lignes de pliage.
  4. Ebauche, selon la revendication 3, dans laquelle le schéma inclut une quatrième pluralité de lignes de pliage à espacement parallèle qui se trouvent à un angle par rapport aux première et deuxième pluralités de lignes de pliage, et se trouvent dans un plan transversal par rapport à la troisième pluralité de lignes de pliage.
  5. Ebauche, selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, qui comporte sur celle-ci des instructions à l'intention d'une personne pour lui permettre de plier, raccorder et/ou couper l'ébauche dans le but de construire un récipient ayant la forme, la taille et/ou la configuration désirées par la personne, cas dans lequel les instructions sont imprimées sur l'ébauche.
  6. Ebauche, selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, qui est munie de marquages imprimés décoratifs, de préférence des marquages imprimés en feuille d'aluminium.
  7. Ebauche, selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 6, dans laquelle la troisième et/ou la quatrième pluralités de lignes de pliage se trouvent dans un plan diagonal par rapport aux formes rectangulaires définies par les première et deuxième pluralités de lignes de pliage à espacement parallèle.
  8. Ebauche, selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, dans laquelle le matériau en feuille se présente sous la forme d'un type approprié de papier rigide, de papier à revêtement plastique, de matière plastique, de carton mince, de papier-carton, de carton ondulé, de papier à stratification plastique, ou de feuille plastique extrudée à double paroi.
  9. Ebauche, selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, laquelle est munie d'un dispositif de raccordement, le dispositif comportant :
    un produit adhésif sur une surface de l'un de ses côtés ; et
    un schéma de lignes de pliage qui est configuré de sorte qu'il est possible de couper et/ou de plier le dispositif de raccordement afin de raccorder de façon adhésive les panneaux d'un récipient au niveau d'un emplacement dans lequel lesdits panneaux aboutent, avoisinent, chevauchent et/ou sont contigus le long des bords.
  10. Ebauche, selon la revendication 9, dans laquelle ladite ébauche est munie d'un dispositif de raccordement, ledit dispositif de raccordement ayant généralement une forme carrée et le schéma de lignes de pliage s'étendant d'un bord du dispositif vers l'autre bord opposé à proximité d'une ligne qui divise le dispositif en deux moitiés de forme oblongue ; et
    une ligne de pliage se trouvant dans un plan transversal généralement le long d'une ligne qui divise le dispositif en deux moitiés de forme oblongue, et la ligne de pliage s'étend depuis l'une de la première paire de lignes parallèles vers le bord le plus proche du dispositif.
  11. Ebauche munie d'un dispositif de raccordement, selon la revendication 10, dans laquelle le schéma des lignes de pliage inclut en outre une deuxième paire de lignes de pliage à espacement parallèle qui s'étend dans le plan transversal depuis l'autre de la première paire de lignes de pliage vers le bord le plus proche du dispositif, à proximité d'une ligne qui divise le dispositif en deux moitiés de forme oblongue.
  12. Ebauche munie d'un dispositif de raccordement, selon la revendication 11, dans laquelle le schéma des lignes de pliage inclut en outre une ou plusieurs lignes de pliage diagonales.
  13. Procédé destiné à fabriquer des récipients qui inclut l'étape consistant à mettre à disposition une ébauche de matériau en feuilles munie d'un schéma de lignes de pliage, le schéma comportant :
    une première pluralité de lignes de pliage à espacement parallèle et une deuxième pluralité de lignes de pliage à espacement parallèle se trouvant dans un plan transversal par rapport à la première pluralité de lignes de pliage, de sorte qu'un récipient ayant l'une quelconque d'une pluralité de formes, de tailles et/ou de configurations puisse être construit à partir de l'ébauche,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les lignes de pliage se présentent sous la forme de lignes discontinues et qu'il y a une interruption au niveau des emplacements où se serait produite l'intersection des lignes de pliage entre les lignes de pliage de la première pluralité et les lignes de pliage de la deuxième pluralité, et par conséquent elles ne s'entrecroisent pas, mais rayonnent vers l'extérieur à partir dudit emplacement.
  14. Procédé destiné à fabriquer des récipients, selon la revendication 13, qui inclut l'étape consistant à mettre à disposition un dispositif de raccordement, le dispositif comportant :
    un produit adhésif sur une surface de l'un de ses côtés ; et
    un schéma de lignes de pliage qui est configuré de sorte qu'il est possible de couper et/ou de plier le dispositif de raccordement afin de raccorder de façon adhésive les panneaux d'un récipient au niveau d'un emplacement dans lequel lesdits panneaux aboutent, avoisinent, chevauchent et/ou sont contigus le long des bords.
  15. Procédé destiné à fabriquer des récipients, selon la revendication 14, dans lequel le dispositif de raccordement a généralement une forme carrée et le schéma de lignes de pliage s'étend d'un bord du dispositif vers l'autre bord opposé à proximité d'une ligne qui divise le dispositif en deux moitiés de forme oblongue ; et
    une ligne de pliage se trouvant dans un plan transversal généralement le long d'une ligne qui divise le dispositif en deux moitiés de forme oblongue, et la ligne de pliage s'étend depuis l'une de la première paire de lignes parallèles vers le bord le plus proche du dispositif.
  16. Procédé destiné à fabriquer des récipients, selon la revendication 15, dans lequel le schéma des lignes de pliage inclut en outre une deuxième paire de lignes de pliage à espacement parallèle qui s'étend dans le plan transversal depuis l'autre de la première paire de lignes de pliage vers le bord le plus proche du dispositif, à proximité d'une ligne qui divise le dispositif en deux moitiés de forme oblongue.
  17. Procédé destiné à fabriquer des récipients, selon la revendication 16, dans lequel le schéma des lignes de pliage inclut en outre une ou plusieurs lignes de pliage diagonales.
EP02724025A 2001-12-07 2002-03-28 Ebauche de recipient Expired - Lifetime EP1451071B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA200110084 2001-12-07
ZA200110084 2001-12-07
PCT/ZA2002/000057 WO2003047984A1 (fr) 2001-12-07 2002-03-28 Ebauche de recipient

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1451071A1 EP1451071A1 (fr) 2004-09-01
EP1451071B1 true EP1451071B1 (fr) 2005-10-12

Family

ID=25589399

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02724025A Expired - Lifetime EP1451071B1 (fr) 2001-12-07 2002-03-28 Ebauche de recipient

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20050061867A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1451071B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2005511416A (fr)
AT (1) ATE306427T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2002254780A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE60206655D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003047984A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITCZ20050014A1 (it) * 2005-10-10 2007-04-11 Develpack Srl Film multistrato pre-piegato per cucinare in forno a microonde
FR2914910A1 (fr) * 2007-04-13 2008-10-17 Jean Christophe Franssen Article pour le conditionnement d'objets.
JP2009136621A (ja) * 2007-12-10 2009-06-25 Amada Insatsu Kako Kk ジグソーパズルおよびその製造方法
WO2011002884A2 (fr) * 2009-07-01 2011-01-06 Flynn Timothy J Boîte a cadeau personnalisable
GB2509688A (en) * 2012-09-27 2014-07-16 Dempson Packaging Ltd Container template
KR200492619Y1 (ko) * 2020-01-10 2020-11-11 주식회사 에다포스코리아 형상변경이 자유로운 골판지 및 이를 이용한 파우치

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1364225A (en) * 1916-03-13 1921-01-04 Webb John William Seal and brace for boxes
US1532900A (en) * 1921-11-07 1925-04-07 William F Zent Adhesive binding strip for closing and reclosing packages
FR898492A (fr) * 1943-05-22 1945-04-24 Patte de scellement pour papier à lettres
JPS58192213U (ja) * 1982-06-16 1983-12-21 長尾　孝明 フリ−サイズボツクスシ−ト
US4763831A (en) * 1987-07-21 1988-08-16 Huang Ming Y Variable length/width packaging box
GB2222137B (en) * 1988-08-23 1993-04-07 Thomas Edward Osborne Dual-function label
DE9209040U1 (de) * 1992-07-06 1992-10-08 Simon, Norbert, 79189 Bad Krozingen Verpackung für Gegenstände
AUPO529597A0 (en) * 1997-02-26 1997-03-20 Amcor Limited A package
GB9721251D0 (en) * 1997-10-08 1997-12-03 Carrs Paper Ltd Wrapping materials
KR100529964B1 (ko) * 1997-11-14 2005-11-22 리차드 에이치. 김 다목적으로 조절할 수 있는 단일 시이트 상자
GB9925817D0 (en) * 1999-11-02 1999-12-29 Ahmed Karmel Self-assemble box

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2003047984A1 (fr) 2003-06-12
ATE306427T1 (de) 2005-10-15
EP1451071A1 (fr) 2004-09-01
AU2002254780A1 (en) 2003-06-17
DE60206655D1 (de) 2006-02-23
JP2005511416A (ja) 2005-04-28
US20050061867A1 (en) 2005-03-24

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