EP1455059A1 - Procédé et dispositif de nettoyage d'un filtre à particules - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de nettoyage d'un filtre à particules Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1455059A1
EP1455059A1 EP03028366A EP03028366A EP1455059A1 EP 1455059 A1 EP1455059 A1 EP 1455059A1 EP 03028366 A EP03028366 A EP 03028366A EP 03028366 A EP03028366 A EP 03028366A EP 1455059 A1 EP1455059 A1 EP 1455059A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
particle filter
pressure
filter
exhaust gases
gas flow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03028366A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Georg Wirth
Heike Dr. Többen
Felix Neumann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eberspaecher Climate Control Systems GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE10312995A external-priority patent/DE10312995B4/de
Application filed by J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG filed Critical J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1455059A1 publication Critical patent/EP1455059A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/0233—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles periodically cleaning filter by blowing a gas through the filter in a direction opposite to exhaust flow, e.g. exposing filter to engine air intake
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
    • F01N3/0222—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being monolithic, e.g. honeycombs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/0237—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles for regenerating ex situ
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/06—Ceramic, e.g. monoliths

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a Device for cleaning a particle filter used for filtering of exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine.
  • a particle filter in particular a soot filter his.
  • Flow through the internal combustion engine Exhaust the particulate filter that is in the exhaust flow entrained particles, in particular soot particles, retained. This cleans the exhaust gases.
  • the application Such a particle filter is particularly special in motor vehicles Interest.
  • the particulate filter will from time to time regenerated. Regeneration is usually achieved by that the particles deposited in the particle filter in be burned down in a special regeneration plant.
  • the exhaust gas temperature can be increased, for example and / or the composition of the exhaust gases can be varied.
  • chemical additives such as. Iron or cerium additives in the exhaust gas.
  • the present invention deals with deal with the problem, an advantageous way to Show cleaning of a particle filter.
  • the invention is based on the general idea of the particle filter with at least one pneumatic pressure surge backwash.
  • a jerky Gas flow can be a very large volume flow for a short time generated in conjunction with a corresponding large pressure difference between an inlet side and a Outlet side of the particle filter the deposited particles peels off and transported out of the particle filter. It has been shown that with just one Pressure surge from more than 80% of the non-flammable deposits the particle filter can be removed.
  • the invention works with a pulse-like Gas flow, which is therefore only for a very short time has a large volume flow.
  • the invention uses the Realizing that it is used to loosen and remove the deposits sufficient from the particle filter, the large volume flow or a corresponding pressure difference briefly on the particle filter to apply.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment can have an entry side to generate the surge-like gas flow of the particle filter, on which the filter unfiltered exhaust gases enter the particle filter, be suddenly connected to a pressure sink while an exit side of the particle filter, on the filter operation the filtered exhaust gases emerge from the particle filter, with an atmospheric environment of the particle filter connected is.
  • the particles sucked out of the particle filter is particularly inexpensive to manufacture and uses the knowledge that it is generating one for cleaning sufficient differential pressure is sufficient on the inlet side of the particle filter is a more or less strong one Apply vacuum. The key is - that the vacuum very quickly or suddenly on the entry side of the Particle filter can be switched on.
  • the pressure sink can be replaced by a vacuum tank be formed with before cleaning Is evacuated with the help of a vacuum pump.
  • This design has on the one hand the advantage that the cleaning process cleaned impurities automatically in the vacuum tank deposit. If it is solids, can they collect at the bottom of the vacuum tank. this applies even for the lightest floating particles, since the vacuum tank is always there is evacuated again, so that even floating particles can sink to the bottom of the vacuum tank.
  • the particle filter to be cleaned 3 is used to filter exhaust gases, not shown Internal combustion engine, in particular a motor vehicle, for what the particle filter 3 from the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine is flowed through. The unfiltered occur in filter mode Exhaust gases on an inlet side 4 into the particle filter 3 on.
  • the particle filter 3 keeps the entrained in the exhaust gas Particles back, so that on an outlet side 5 of the particle filter 3 filtered exhaust gas emerges.
  • the particle filter usually has a housing 6 in which a filter body 7 is arranged. Because of the operation of the internal combustion engine occurring high temperatures is the filter body 7 usually with storage mats not shown here held and positioned in the housing 6.
  • Such particle filters 3 are of particular importance Diesel engines, the exhaust gases of which are comparatively large in number of particles, predominantly soot.
  • the particle filter 3 can therefore be referred to as soot filter 3.
  • the particle filter 3 is connected to the cleaning device by means of flanges 8 1 connected.
  • the gas flow generating device 2 have a pressure sink 9, for example as a vacuum tank 10 can be formed.
  • the pressure sink 9 is over a connecting line 11 with the inlet side 4 of the particle filter 3 connected.
  • a Quick-opening check valve 12 is arranged, which is formed is that it is the connecting line within a very short time 11 can open.
  • Check valve 12 contain a butterfly valve as an actuator.
  • a vacuum pump 13 is used to evacuate the vacuum tank 10 provided, the suction side 14 via a suction line 15 the vacuum tank 10 is connected.
  • this suction line 15 is a shut-off valve 16, with the help of which Suction line 15 can be shut off.
  • the shut-off valve 16 in contrast to the check valve 12 does not have to be special can open quickly.
  • the check valve 16 can also in Form a check valve to be formed to the vacuum tank 10 locks out and opens to the vacuum pump 13.
  • a Filters 17 arranged to keep the vacuum pump dirty 13 to avoid in operation. Furthermore, is between the shut-off valve 16 and the vacuum tank 10 to a pressure gauge 18 the suction line 15 connected to that in the vacuum tank 10 prevailing pressure can be measured.
  • the cleaning device 1 according to FIG. 1 works as follows:
  • the particle filter 3 to be cleaned is connected to the cleaning device 1 with the aid of the flanges 8.
  • the inlet side 4 is flanged onto the connecting line 11, while the outlet side 5 is flanged onto the inlet funnel 19.
  • the vacuum tank 10 is evacuated.
  • the shut-off valve 12 is closed and the shut-off valve 16 is opened.
  • the vacuum pump 13 conveys the gas contained in the vacuum tank 10, expediently air, into an environment 20 of the cleaning device 1.
  • the vacuum pump 13 can be of relatively small dimensions and inexpensive, since a relatively large amount of time is available to achieve the desired vacuum in the vacuum tank 10, For example, to produce 0.05 bar to 0.1 bar (absolute pressure).
  • the vacuum tank 10 can have a relatively large volume compared to the particle filter 3, for example more than 1 m 3 . As soon as the pressure gauge 18 indicates that the desired vacuum exists in the vacuum tank 10, the shut-off valve 16 can be closed. The vacuum pump 13 can then be switched off. In this variant, the maximum achievable pressure difference is limited to the value of the ambient pressure, so that the risk of damage to the particle filter 3 is reduced by an excessively large pressure difference.
  • the shut-off valve is now used 12 opened very quickly or suddenly, causing the pressure sink 10 abruptly with the inlet side 4 of the particle filter 3 is connected.
  • a surge-like gas flow is generated, which backwashes the particle filter 3.
  • the term denotes “Backwashing” a flow through the particle filter 3 against the flow direction prevailing in filter operation. The backwash is therefore carried out from the outlet side 5 to the entry side 4.
  • the gas required for the pulsed gas flow is made the environment 20 announced, which is indicated by arrows. The gas flow is therefore an air flow.
  • Cleaning device 1 is a targeted one Dimensioning of the flow path through which the Gas flow during the backwashing process to the particle filter 3 arrives and is transported away from it.
  • the flow path includes the Inlet funnel 19 and the connecting line 11.
  • the dimensioning the flow path is such that the Particle filter 3 is the only one within this flow path significant throttle point. This is achieved by that the flow path up to the particle filter 3 and from the particle filter 3 with comparatively large flow cross sections is working. That means inside of the flow path on or in the particle filter 3 the smallest Flow cross sections are available.
  • This construction method has the consequence that the abruptly provided pressure difference is quasi is fully effective on the particle filter 3 without upstream or downstream of the particle filter 3 significant Flow losses occur.
  • the particle filter 3 can be removed from the Cleaning device 1 removed and in the exhaust line Internal combustion engine, especially of the motor vehicle, installed become.
  • the dimensions of the vacuum tank 10 and the one created therein Vacuum are so on the respective type of Particle filter 3 tuned that when opening the Check valve 12 gives a pressure surge that is a predetermined Pressure difference at the particle filter 3 and a predetermined Volume flow generated by the particle filter 3, such Experience has shown that the particle filter is adequately cleaned 3 is achievable.
  • the gas flow generating device 2 in another embodiment instead of one Pressure sink 9 have a pressure source 21.
  • the pressure source 21 is realized here in the form of a pressure tank 22, which with Be charged by means of a corresponding pressure pump 23 can.
  • the pressure pump 23 is on its pressure side 24 connected to a pressure line 25, which with the Pressure tank 22 is connected.
  • the pressure source 21 is also via a connecting line 11, in which again a quick opening check valve 12 is located on the Particulate filter 3 connected.
  • the connecting line in the present case 11 is the connecting line in the present case 11, however, to the outlet side 5 of the particle filter 3 connected.
  • On entry side 4 is here a straight outlet pipe 26 with a constant cross section is connected.
  • the pressure tank 22 is .der Pressure pump 23 charged.
  • the check valve 12 closed, opened during the shut-off valve 16 is.
  • the pressure pump 23 sucks gas or air from the environment 20 and conveys this into the pressure tank 22.
  • the desired Excess pressure in the pressure tank 22 for example can be between 2 and 3 bar (absolute pressure) the shut-off valve 16 is closed.
  • the amount of adjustable Pressure difference is due to the stability of the bearing or holding the filter body 7 in the housing 6. To generate the surge-like gas flow, this is now Stop valve 12 opened suddenly, causing the pressure tank 22 via the connection line through the particle filter 3 can discharge.
  • the pressure tank 22 and the overpressure injected into the respective type of des Cleaning particle filter 3 that matched Opening the check valve 12 is sufficient for cleaning forms abrupt gas flow.
  • the pressure pump 23 is proportional can be designed to be small and inexpensive to charge the pressure tank 22 with a sufficiently high overpressure, because there is sufficient time for the charging process stands.
  • the gas generating device 2 can a third embodiment of the cleaning device 1 both a pressure sink 9, e.g. in the form of a vacuum tank 10, as well as a pressure source 21, e.g. in the form of a pressure tank 22.
  • the individual components agree those already in the embodiments of 1 and 2 have been described, so that here on a Repetition can be dispensed with.
  • the vacuum tank 10 via a first connection line 11 connected to the inlet side 4 of the particle filter 3 is, while the pressure tank 22 via a second connection line 11 to the outlet side 5 of the particle filter 3 is connected.
  • a quick-opening check valve 12 is arranged in each case.
  • the cleaning device shown in Fig. 3. 1 works like follows:
  • the vacuum tank 10 Before backwashing to clean the particle filter 3 the vacuum tank 10 is evacuated by means of the vacuum pump 13. Furthermore is also the pressure tank 22 by means of the pressure pump 23 charged. A single pump can also be sufficient here, the suction side of the vacuum tank 10 and their Pressure side is connected to the pressure tank 22. As soon as the Pressure sink 9 has the desired negative pressure, it can corresponding shut-off valve 16 are closed. As well the shut-off valve 16 assigned to the pressure tank 22 is closed, if the pressure source 21 has the desired positive pressure contains.
  • the cleaning device 1 works with only a single pressure surge.
  • An embodiment is also possible in which several pressure surges can be carried out in succession in order to thoroughly clean the particle filter 3.
  • the deposits can first be loosened by means of one or more pressure surges and then removed with the large-volume volume flow.
  • the cleaning device 1 in those shown here Embodiments is a separate device in which one removed from the exhaust line of the internal combustion engine Particulate filter 3 can be cleaned is fundamental an embodiment is also possible in which the particle filter 3 also cleaned using the cleaning device 1 can be if the particle filter 3 is still in the Exhaust system of the internal combustion engine and in particular still in the vehicle is installed.
  • the particle filter 3 also cleaned using the cleaning device 1 can be if the particle filter 3 is still in the Exhaust system of the internal combustion engine and in particular still in the vehicle is installed.
  • Embodiment with corresponding switchable valves will be realized.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
EP03028366A 2003-03-03 2003-12-10 Procédé et dispositif de nettoyage d'un filtre à particules Withdrawn EP1455059A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10309379 2003-03-03
DE10309379 2003-03-03
DE10312995A DE10312995B4 (de) 2003-03-03 2003-03-24 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Reinigen eines Partikelfilters
DE10312995 2003-03-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1455059A1 true EP1455059A1 (fr) 2004-09-08

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EP03028366A Withdrawn EP1455059A1 (fr) 2003-03-03 2003-12-10 Procédé et dispositif de nettoyage d'un filtre à particules

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EP (1) EP1455059A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2018165496A (ja) * 2017-03-28 2018-10-25 朱雀プラスチック株式会社 排出ガス浄化ユニットの洗浄装置

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0194131A1 (fr) * 1985-03-05 1986-09-10 BREHK Ventures Procédé et appareil pour filtrer les particules solides à l'échappement d'un moteur Diesel
EP0213725A2 (fr) * 1985-08-05 1987-03-11 BREHK Ventures Procédé et dispositif pour piéger et incinérer des particules contenues dans les gaz d'échappement de moteurs diesel
US4730454A (en) * 1985-10-26 1988-03-15 FEV Forschungsgesellschaft fur Energie-Technik und Verbrennungsmotoren mbH Process and system for the oxidation of engine emission particulates deposited in a particulate filter trap
JPH03253712A (ja) * 1990-03-02 1991-11-12 Hino Motors Ltd ディーゼルエンジン用パティキュレートフィルタの再生方法
US5253476A (en) * 1992-02-21 1993-10-19 Northeastern University Pulsed, reverse-flow, regenerated diesel trap capturing soot, ash and PAH's
WO1999010632A1 (fr) * 1997-08-29 1999-03-04 Ceramem Corporation Systeme de post-traitement de l'echappement d'un moteur diesel et procede correspondant
WO2002038921A1 (fr) * 2000-11-07 2002-05-16 Deutz Aktiengesellschaft Procede de nettoyage d'un filtre a particules

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0194131A1 (fr) * 1985-03-05 1986-09-10 BREHK Ventures Procédé et appareil pour filtrer les particules solides à l'échappement d'un moteur Diesel
EP0213725A2 (fr) * 1985-08-05 1987-03-11 BREHK Ventures Procédé et dispositif pour piéger et incinérer des particules contenues dans les gaz d'échappement de moteurs diesel
US4730454A (en) * 1985-10-26 1988-03-15 FEV Forschungsgesellschaft fur Energie-Technik und Verbrennungsmotoren mbH Process and system for the oxidation of engine emission particulates deposited in a particulate filter trap
JPH03253712A (ja) * 1990-03-02 1991-11-12 Hino Motors Ltd ディーゼルエンジン用パティキュレートフィルタの再生方法
US5253476A (en) * 1992-02-21 1993-10-19 Northeastern University Pulsed, reverse-flow, regenerated diesel trap capturing soot, ash and PAH's
WO1999010632A1 (fr) * 1997-08-29 1999-03-04 Ceramem Corporation Systeme de post-traitement de l'echappement d'un moteur diesel et procede correspondant
WO2002038921A1 (fr) * 2000-11-07 2002-05-16 Deutz Aktiengesellschaft Procede de nettoyage d'un filtre a particules

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 016, no. 051 (M - 1209) 10 February 1992 (1992-02-10) *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2018165496A (ja) * 2017-03-28 2018-10-25 朱雀プラスチック株式会社 排出ガス浄化ユニットの洗浄装置

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