Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
  • B27M3/00—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles
  • B27M3/0013—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles
  • B27M3/0026—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles characterised by oblong elements connected laterally
  • B27M3/0053—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles characterised by oblong elements connected laterally using glue
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
  • B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
  • B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
  • B27D1/08—Manufacture of shaped articles; Presses specially designed therefor
  • B27D1/083—Presses specially designed for making the manufacture of shaped plywood articles

Definitions

• the invention relates to the gluing of wooden elements, such as boards, assembled in a stack.
• a process for gluing wooden elements comprises the following steps:
• the battery is placed in an oven.
• a vacuum is made in the sheath so that the stack comes to follow the outline of a series of shims, the shims being placed so that the stack takes the shape that is desired. give.
• the stack of wooden elements is bagged in an airtight tubular sheath, the sheath being made of an elastically or plastically deformable material.
• a vacuum is then created in the sheath by a valve mounted thereon by means of a vacuum pump.
• the tubular sheath can consist of an elongated flat sheet which is placed around the stack of wooden elements and the longitudinal sides and narrow ends of which are then glued on each other in a reversible and watertight manner. air before vacuuming the duct.
• the evacuation step in the sheath is a crucial step in the process. We therefore seek to obtain the best possible performance.
• a sheath obtained from an elongated flat sheet of elastically or plastically deformable material does not present the optimal conditions for air drainage.
• the inner face of the sheath being flat, it tends to press against the stack, not facilitating the evacuation of the air contained in the sheath and the homogeneity of the depression.
• this type of elongated flat sheet can only be used about ten times.
• This type of sheet is also not very effective when using large wooden elements.
• the invention provides a method of gluing wooden elements, such as boards, assembled in a stack in which:
• the material of the sheath is chosen from the group formed by silicones, silicone elastomers and rubbers.
• Such a sheath can be used up to a hundred times and be used with large elements.
• the method may include a step of storing and distributing the wooden elements in which:
• the wood elements are stored on a storage bench; and - the wooden elements are distributed one by one using a distribution device located at one end of the storage bench.
• the storage step can be followed by a step for cleaning the wooden elements comprising sub-steps in which:
• the cleaning step can be followed by a gluing step in which:
• the gluing step can be followed by a bagging step in which:
• the molding step can include the following steps: - a removable tray with movable shims is placed on a die provided with worms;
• the removable tray is removed from the matrix; and - the removable tray and the battery are placed in an oven.
• the shims can be placed on the plate in the so-called initialized position, then a precise adjustment is made of the location of the shims along the curve using the servo means.
• the method may include a step consisting in providing within the tubular sheath heating means capable of heating the stack under certain conditions.
• the invention also relates to a device for gluing wooden elements comprising:
• - a station for bagging the stack of wooden elements in a tubular sheath; and - a vacuum pump to evacuate the sheath.
• the material is chosen from the group formed by silicones, silicone elastomers and rubbers.
• the sizing device can further comprise a storage station, said storage station comprising:
• the sizing device can further comprise a cleaning station comprising:
• the sizing device can further comprise a sizing station comprising:
• the sizing device can also comprise a bagging station comprising:
• the sizing device can also include a molding station comprising:
• the invention also relates to a tubular silicone sheath intended for molding wooden elements.
• the sheath may include a mechanism ensuring cohesion with a plug and a non-return quick coupling valve allowing airtight passage of a pipe connected to a vacuum pump.
• Such a sheath can be used up to a hundred times and has great reliability with regard to leaks.
• the tubular sheath may include on its inner face a printed relief.
• the relief makes it possible to create, along the inside face of the sheath, air evacuation paths and therefore to obtain a particularly effective drainage.
• the tubular sheath can include:
• FIG. 2A is a side view of the cleaning station
• Figure 2B is a sectional view along line AA of Figure 2A;
• FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the gluing station and the bagging station
• - Figure 4 is a schematic side view of the bagging station;
• - Figure 5 is a view of a sheath according to the invention;
• FIG. 6 is a view of the sheath cap.
• FIG. 7 is a top view of the removable tray
• FIGS. 9A, 9B, 9C are the front, side and top views of the shims for 2D molding
• the reference 1 designates a device for gluing wooden elements 2 such as boards.
• the gluing device 1 comprises several stations:
• the storage station 3 is formed of two pieces 8, 9 in metal U aligned and spaced in which can be arranged boards 2 of wood in a horizontal position.
• the wooden planks 2 rest on a storage bench.
• the first U 8 has a simple support function for the boards 2.
• the second U 9 in addition to the support for the boards 2, is equipped to distribute the boards 2 one by one to the following stations 4, 5, 6, 7.
• the two vertical walls of the U 9 are provided with a slot 10 in which it is possible to slide a driving device 11 of the boards 2.
• the drive device 1 1 comprises:
• the motor can be a pneumatic motor.
• the motor is placed on one of the two plates
• a first contactor 17 located at the bottom of the slots 10 allowing the stopping of the distribution when the last board 2 has been distributed;
• the device 11 rests on the boards 2 by means of the roller 15.
• the device 1 1 slides down along the slots 10.
• the cleaning station 4 is provided with a metal funnel 19 whose height is sufficient for it to receive the boards 2 from the storage station 3, whatever the height at which these these are distributed.
• the cleaning station 4 In alignment with the funnel 19, the cleaning station 4 also comprises an upper part 20 and a lower part 21 of substantially rectangular shape. The upper part 20 of the cleaning station 4 is fixed.
• the lower part 21 is connected to the upper part 20 by springs 22.
• the springs 22 allow passage between the lower 21 and upper 20 parts of a board 2 while compressing it, whatever the thickness of the wooden boards 2.
• the cleaning station 4 comprises two series 23, 24 of four rollers placed at the inlet and outlet of the station 4. These rollers are intended to drive the wooden board 2. They are placed on either side of the line of passage of the wooden planks 2.
• the cleaning station 4 also includes two suction brushes 25 connected to dust outlets 26.
• One brush 25 is placed in the upper part 20 and the other in the lower part 21 so that the two sides of the board 2 can be cleaned.
• a thickness validation box 27 is placed on the cleaning station 4. The box 27 validates that the thickness of the board 2 corresponds to the desired thickness.
• the box 27 is connected to a computer and to the second contactor 18 of the storage station 3.
• the gluing station 5 comprises a metal part 28 intended to receive the boards 2 coming from the cleaning station 4, the metal part 28 having a shape making it possible to straighten the boards 2 in a vertical position.
• the gluing station 5 further comprises a gluing machine 29 of known type and three series 30, 31, 32 of two driving rollers whose axis is vertical. For a series 30, 31, 32 of two rollers, there is a roller on each side of board 2.
• the gluing machine 29 is controlled by a contactor 33 with one of the rollers.
• the sizing machine 29 comprises two injectors 34, 35 of glue placed on either side of the line of passage of the wooden boards 2.
• the two injectors 34, 35 are enclosed in boxes 36, 37 without bottom. In the space delimited by the bottomless boxes 36, 37, downstream of each injector 34, 35, are placed on either side of the board passage line 2 two silicone blades 38, 39 guaranteeing crushing glue.
• the bottomless boxes 38, 39 are placed above a tank 40 filled with water into which the excess glue and the purges fall.
• the bagging station 6 comprises: - a roller path 43 Teflon ®;
• the sheath 49 is a tubular sheath, of generally parallelepipedal shape made of silicone.
• the sheath 49 can have another shape combined with the shape desired for the elements 2.
• the sheath can be made of silicone elastomer, rubber or latex in mass production applications in a more limited number.
• the sheath 49 is prepared previously at all the stages of the process described here.
• the sheath 49 comprises a silicone sheet 51 folded back on itself and braided with reinforced silicone, silicone in which fabric is integrated.
• edges are also bonded with silicone in a heated autoclave.
• the sheath 49 On its internal face, the sheath 49 has a relief made up of circles 52 3mm in diameter. The resulting thickness irregularities allow the evacuation to facilitate the evacuation of air from the sheath 49 and a uniform distribution of the vacuum.
• the sheath 49 On one 53 of the two ends of the sheath 49, the edges of the latter come closer. At the level where the edges are closest, the sheath 49 carries a tube 54 in teflon ® .
• the tube 54 is glued to the silicone sheath 49, a part of the tube 54 being located outside the sheath 49.
• the tube part 54 external to the sheath 49 is provided with two clips 55, 56 intended to ensure mechanical cohesion with a plug 57.
• the clips 55, 56 are placed diametrically opposite on the tube 54.
• the tube 54 carries a plug 57 intended to seal the interior of the sheath 49 with respect to air while comprising a vacuum device making it possible to create a vacuum in the sheath 49.
• the plug 57 is composed of an aluminum washer 58 under which there are two layers 59, 60 of smooth silicone.
• the first layer 59 placed directly under the washer 58, has a diameter greater than the inside diameter of the tube 54.
• the second layer 60 placed under the first layer 59, has a diameter adapted to the inside diameter of the tube 54.
• the second layer 60 is placed in the cylinder defined by the interior of the tube 54.
• the aluminum washer 58 carries a quick coupling valve 61 allowing an airtight passage of a pipe 62 connected to a vacuum pump.
• the pipe 62 is provided at one end with a non-return vacuum connection.
• the molding station 7 comprises a molding die 63, a molding plate 64 and a computer-type processing unit 65.
• the computer 65 is connected to motors (not shown) driving worms.
• the molding plate 64 can be clipped onto the molding die 63.
• the plate 64 and the matrix 63 have the same rectangular shape.
• the plate 64 is equipped with means 66 for clipping the plate onto the matrix 63 arranged substantially at the four corners.
• the matrix 63 comprises corresponding clipping means 67.
• the plate 64 comprises two series of grooves 68, 69 arranged in a star around a semicircle itself located substantially in the center of the plate 64.
• Each groove 68, 69 of a series is surrounded by two grooves of the other series.
• the grooves 68 guide the wedges 70, the grooves 69 guide the wedges 71.
• the grooves 68, 69 are intended to allow the shims 70, 71 to slide.
• the wedges 70 of the plate 64 comprise a body 72 and a head 73.
• the wedges 70 and 71 can be clamped to the plate 64 using screws 74.
• the head 73 of the wedges 70 is movable by 30 ° around its axis.
• the head of the wedges 71 is fixed.
• the shims 70 further comprise a square 76 whose perpendicular sides are placed along the body 72 and the head 73 on which the molding is done ( Figure 10).
• the molding die 63 comprises worms 77 coupled to the computer 65 and worms 78.
• the worms 77 can be replaced by hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders, chains, toothed belts or the like.
• the endless screws 78 are intended to move the shims 71 of the tray 64 intended to compress the stack 75 against the shims 70 of the tray 64 so as to describe the shape desired for the stack 75.
• Planks 2 of wood are placed on the storage bench.
• the rolling roller 15 drives a first board 2. When the roller 15 reaches the end of the board 2, the latter is taken over by the cleaning station 4.
• the driving device 1 1 slides in the slots 10 and drives another board 2.
• the first board 2 thanks to the series of rollers 23, 24, passes between the brushes 25.
• the board 2 is thus cleaned and vacuumed.
• the board 2 passes to a vertical position.
• Glue is sprayed by injectors 34, 35 on the two sides of the board 2.
• blades 28, 29 spread and distribute the glue evenly.
• Plate 2 enters bagging station 6.
• the air blown in through the ducts 44, 46 folds the board down horizontally.
• the stack 75 of boards 2 is wrapped in film 50 micro-perforated and then bagged in ⁇ air 49
• the plug 57 can then be placed on the open end 53 of the sheath 49.
• the shims 70 are placed on the plate 64 according to the initialized position.
• the plate 64 is placed on the matrix 63.
• the shims 70 of the plate 64 are precisely positioned using the endless screws 77 coupled to the computer 65 in which the equation of the curve corresponding to the shape that one wishes to "obtain for the stack 75 has been entered. .
• the stack 75 is placed vertically on the plate 64 according to the positioning of the shims 70 defined by the equation of the shape to be produced.
• a vacuum is then created in the sheath 49.
• the wedges 71 controlled by the endless screws 78 compress the stack 75 so that the latter comes to follow the contour formed by the wedges 70 of the plate.
• the compression is carried out first by the wedges located in the middle of the plate 64 and of the stack 75 then progresses towards the ends of the stack 75.
• the shims 70, 71 of the plate are clamped on the plate 64 using screws 74.
• the vacuum is disconnected and the plate 64 is unclipped from the matrix 63.
• the tray 64 and the stack 75 are then placed in an oven to dry the glue.
• the matrix 63 is free for a new operation.
• the core of the sheath (49) includes resistors allowing the use of an epoxy adhesive which hardens only at a temperature of 80 ° C. and can be used up to two months after mix at room temperature.
• the sheath (49) can be used to produce curved parts in situ, for example for the formwork of masonry, of ship's veranda, etc. , the entire sheath and the pump forming an easily movable kit.
• the method according to the invention makes it possible, compared to conventional techniques, to produce parts formed by a stack of wooden elements in larger series.
• the sheath 49 according to the invention can be used for up to ten times the number of parts to be produced.
• the sheath 49 being moreover provided on its inner face with a particular relief, the air drainage can be carried out effectively.
• the impression of the relief on the silicone face being easy, it will be easy in practice to optimize the drainage by forming reliefs that are more and more effective.
• the method makes it possible to obtain arcuate, helical or other parts from flat elements in a simple manner.
• the process is very flexible insofar as it is computer assisted.
• To obtain the desired shape for the stack 75 it suffices to define the equation of the suitable curve and enter it using software provided on the computer 65.
• the die 63 can operate manually, the endless screws 77, 78 having at their inner end to the die 63 square end pieces allowing adjustment by crank, screwdriver or the like.
• the process is particularly rapid thanks to the non-destructive use of shims 70, 71 placed in a simple manner on the plate 64 which can be clipped onto the matrix 63.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Forests & Forestry (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

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• 2002
  • 2002-02-20 FR FR0202159A patent/FR2836085B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2003
  • 2003-02-20 WO PCT/FR2003/000573 patent/WO2003070438A2/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2003-02-20 AU AU2003224209A patent/AU2003224209A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2003-02-20 EP EP03720629A patent/EP1478496A2/de not_active Withdrawn

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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