EP1486452B1 - System zum Heben und Stabilisieren von einem hängenden Lastträger - Google Patents

System zum Heben und Stabilisieren von einem hängenden Lastträger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1486452B1
EP1486452B1 EP04102502A EP04102502A EP1486452B1 EP 1486452 B1 EP1486452 B1 EP 1486452B1 EP 04102502 A EP04102502 A EP 04102502A EP 04102502 A EP04102502 A EP 04102502A EP 1486452 B1 EP1486452 B1 EP 1486452B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
suspension
support
pulleys
rotation
supports
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04102502A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1486452A3 (de
EP1486452A2 (de
Inventor
Roger Mangin
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Secalt SA
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Secalt SA
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Publication of EP1486452A3 publication Critical patent/EP1486452A3/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/04—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack
    • B66C13/06—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack for minimising or preventing longitudinal or transverse swinging of loads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/04—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack
    • B66C13/08—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack for depositing loads in desired attitudes or positions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a system for suspending and lifting a load carrier, according to the preamble of the first claim.
  • a type of device for suspending and lifting a load carrier, such as a work platform, according to which this support is suspended by means of four suspension strings constituted in total by at least two links only, such as cables, each suspended at a fixed point on the side of one of the ends of the load support, and passing through circular rotary return carriers such as pulleys at both ends of the load support, to connect each to a lifting means such as a winch placed above the other end of the load support.
  • These circular supports are arranged to rotate in solidarity with the links they support. They may be located not at the ends of the load support but only towards its ends equidistant from the center of this support, without this changing the process of obtaining the result pursued.
  • the suspension strands of such a device are arranged vertically, but it can also be applied to oblique suspension strands.
  • the center of gravity (G) of the load support is placed below the transverse strands of the cables joining the pulleys, so as to ensure the transverse stability of the support.
  • This system has the advantage of requiring only two lifting means for four suspension strands.
  • the figure 1 gives a schematic illustration of such a device.
  • the device as described above has the disadvantage of having a load support leaning longitudinally on the side of the rolling load of the pulleys on the cable. when this load moves out of the gravity axis Ag of the support to one of the suspension ends. For example, as soon as a user, located on such a support consisting of a nacelle, initially horizontal, leaves the center thereof to go to one or the other of its ends, the nacelle leans on the same side. The slope increases until the floor of the nacelle approaches a position aligned with the suspension strand of the cable located on the side opposite to that of the displacement of the load, as represented by the figure 2 .
  • the following indications refer more particularly to a load carrier constituted by a nacelle, successively described with one and then two links each consisting of a cable passing over pulleys and actuated by a winding-type winch, but the invention also applies to all lifting devices and to all equivalent mounting load carriers, for example those in which the links are chains, the circular cable supports would be chain sprockets and / or the load support would be a spreader, these embodiments are not limiting.
  • the indications below apply to a system as described in which at least one of the two links would pass over two pulleys on each end axis, making additional returns between the two ends of the support. They also apply in case the system has more than two links.
  • a system for suspending and lifting a load carrier according to the preamble of the independent claim is described in the application for German Patent DE-A-40 05 194 .
  • This known system serves to prevent the oscillation of a load support suspended by cables under a mobile carriage in the horizontal direction.
  • Two lifting systems are provided each having a cable winding drum at each end of the carriage.
  • the load support is suspended by four cables passing through four pairs of pulleys rotating about axes parallel to the axes of the drums, a pair being located at each load bearing corner.
  • Four other suspension cables are also attached to the drums and pass through pulleys provided on the load support but rotate about axes oriented at an angle of 90 ° to the axis of rotation of the drums and the four pairs of pulleys. above.
  • the problem of the invention is to achieve by simple means a system of the aforementioned type, having the advantage of maintaining the load support in a stable and unchanged position when the point of application of the load is not n 'is more placed in the center of the support, that is to say at equal distance from the suspension points of the system.
  • this problem is solved by a system for suspending and lifting a load carrier, applied to two opposite ends of this support, the support being suspended by at least four suspension strands consisting of at least two links, each of which is suspended towards one of these ends at a fixed point and towards the other end to the driving member of a hoisting apparatus, passing through circular return supports, rotatably secured with these links, on parallel axes respectively fixed to each end of the load support; each link being connected to its lifting means on the side of the end of the load support opposite to that on the side of which the other link is connected to the other lifting means; characterized in that at least one of the links is bent and passes successively on at least two additional intermediate circular supports located towards each end, following a cross path such that, on at least one of the end axes, at least one intermediate circular support of said link rotates in the same direction as at least one coaxial circular support of the other link under the identical action of the two lifting means applying to the links, while these two coaxial circular supports are respectively solicited by
  • the device according to the invention keeps it in this position when the person or persons located in platform debt move from one end to another of the latter.
  • the invention makes it possible to reconcile the obtaining of this result with the maneuvering of the support, in particular of the nacelle, in ascent and descent.
  • the other link is also bent and passes successively on at least two additional intermediate circular supports located towards each end, according to a crossed path such that, on the other of the end axes, at least one support intermediate circular of the other aforementioned link rotates in the same direction as at least one coaxial circular support of the first link under the identical action of the two lifting means applying to the links, while these two coaxial circular supports are respectively solicited by a pair of the same intensified and opposite directions when their common axis is urged by the same force downwards or upwards, not related to the action of the lifting means, and in that these two coaxial circular supports have the same pitch diameter and are secured in rotation so that a rotation in the opposite direction of these two coaxial supports under the effect of said force is prevented without the action of the lifting means on the coaxial circular supports, through the links, is hindered.
  • the pulleys on the left axis are called “A” and the pulleys on the right axis are called “B”.
  • the figure 4 represents a known load suspension and lifting system comprising on the one hand a support or nacelle S, which can be schematized in plan by a rectangular frame, comprising, on the one hand at each end considered in the longitudinal direction, a transverse axis Ax, the two axes Ax being parallel horizontal, and each carrying a pulley A, B, and secondly a cable C for the suspension of the support S, said cable C being fixed at a higher point Pf located vertically above one end of the support S, passing through the two pulleys A, B thereof and then winding to a winch T fixed at a point located vertically above the other end of the support S.
  • the figure 4 shows a support diagram S in elevation, and the figure 5 the corresponding diagram in plan. These diagrams can be applied to other structures than a nacelle, for example a rudder.
  • the direction of rotation of a pulley A or B, for a vertical movement in the same direction as in the first case will be the same as in this first case for the pulley located on the side of the fixed point of suspension, and will be the opposite for the pulley located on the side of the winch.
  • FIG 11 illustrates this montage, doubling that of the figure 8 .
  • the winches must naturally wind and unwind the cable at an identical linear speed to obtain a proper vertical movement of the support.
  • the object of the invention is to stabilize the position of the support in case of displacement of its load while allowing its two cables to go up or down at the same time under the action of their respective winches.
  • At least one of the two cables is mittled, by passing it over at least two pulleys A2, A3 and B2, B3 on each axis Ax end of the support, or on at least four pulleys, so as to obtain a a cable circuit such that, on the same axle Ax, it is possible for a pulley belonging to the circuit to be rotated in the same direction as the coaxial pulley A1, B1 of the non-inflated circuit under the identical action of the two winches (lowering or climbing) and are biased, by an eccentric load, in a direction of rotation opposite to that of the pulley of the immersed circuit, in a rolling motion on the stationary cables.
  • the result of the invention is then obtained by joining these two pulleys.
  • pulleys A1, A3, B1, B3 located at the lower end of the vertical strands and the "intermediate pulleys", the other pulleys A2, B2, that is to say those which are connected, will be referred to as "end pulleys". by transverse strands, each only to another pulley.
  • A1 is the left pulley (in direct suspension) of the single cable, A2, the left intermediate pulley of the cable and A3, the left end pulley of the cable. The corresponding numbering will be given to the right pulleys.
  • the "uncomplicated" cable C2 will be called “single cable”.
  • the position of the winches T1, T2 is indifferent. Let us suppose, to present the simplest diagram, that the two winches T1, T2 are placed on the same side, for example on the right side, the haulage connecting the pulleys A2, A3 and B2, B3 without crossing, according to the figure 13 . Take the case of the load moving to the left.
  • the desired stabilization result would thus be obtained, since these two pulleys, each belonging to a different cable circuit, would then be loaded, under the effect of a displacement of the load on the support, by equal and inverse couples.
  • the solidified coaxial pulleys must have the same pitch diameter.
  • crossover means that a cross-cable run goes from a lower side of an end pulley to an upper side of an intermediate pulley, the next cross-cable run goes to the lower side of the intermediate pulley. mentioned above to the upper side of the other intermediate pulley and the subsequent transverse strand goes from the lower side of the other intermediate pulley to the lower side of the other end pulley.
  • pulleys A1 and A2 will rotate in the same direction and at the same speed under the identical action of the two winches T1, T2. By cons, they will remain solicited in the opposite direction in case of displacement of the load on the support.
  • the link is wound only about a quarter of a turn on each of the two pulleys A1, B1 of the single cable circuit of which a single pulley creates the adhesion cable / pulley to neutralize the off-center load.
  • This last assembly also offers a greater choice of modes of joining because it places on each Ax axis four pulleys instead of three.
  • the solidarisations between coaxial pulleys are represented by thick lines as on the figure 15 .
  • the execution mode of the figure 19 corresponds to that of the figure 18 except for the solidarity and the method of execution of the figure 21 corresponding to that of the figure 20 except the joining.
  • the present invention encompasses any one-off separation system of solidified coaxial pulleys.
  • Such a decoupling device is represented on the Figures 23A and 23B which each represent the pulleys A1, A2 and A3 mounted on the axis Ax of left of the figure 15 .
  • the left axis Ax turns in two bearings R, R mounted in a cage CA attached to the support S below of it.
  • the pulley A1 belonging to the single cable circuit C2 is fixed by a key CL to the axis Ax to rotate therewith.
  • Each of the other pulleys A2 and A3 belonging to the cable circuit C1 is mounted by a bearing R2, respectively R3 on the axis Ax.
  • the pulley A2 is secured to the pulley A1 by a locking screw V clamped on the axis Ax so that the pulley A2 is integral with the axis Ax and therefore the pulley A1 keyed on the axis Ax.
  • This locking screw V also serves as a means of separation because it allows, after loosening and disengagement of the axis Ax free rotation of the pulley A2 on the axis Ax.
  • the figure 24A shows the joining of the pulleys A0, A1 and A2 on the left axle Ax of the execution mode of the figure 19 with two circuits of chained cables C1 and C2.
  • the pulleys A0 and A1 belonging to the cable C2 are secured by the use of a double pulley and the pulley A2 is secured by the locking screw V to the axis Ax and thus to the double pulley A0-A1.
  • the screw V is loosened and disengaged from the axis Ax (see figure 24B )
  • the present invention also includes the integration, in the suspension system, of a fall arrest device system which engages the coordinated end axis, to block it in case of acceleration. its rotational movement beyond a given degree of acceleration and / or speed of rotation, in particular as a result of breaking one of the two links.
  • the figure 25A shows a mode of execution of the figure 19 with such a fall arrest device DA provided for each of the two axes Ax end.
  • Each fall arrest device DA is supported by the associated cage CA type A and B type pulleys and each of these fall arrest devices DA comprises a fixed housing BT and a disc D keyed on the associated axis Ax for rotation therewith.
  • the disk D is provided on its circumference with several notches E and a ball or a roll BI is received in each notch E.
  • the figure 25B shows a top view of the device system of the figure 25A with a fall arrest device DA fixed to the cage CA at the end of the axis Ax on the side of the two separate pulleys A2, A3 respectively B0, B1.
  • the Figures 24A and 24B also show the fall arrest device DA mounted on a support plate PL welded to the cage CA.
  • the two considered strands pass at the upper end of their vertical path around a pulley 12, 13, and then follow a horizontal path towards each other to another pulley 14, 15 giving them again parallel directions close to each other to allow their winding or simultaneous unwinding on two rotary winding or driving members of the same winch 16.
  • the figure 26 represents an example of such an assembly with the preferred version of dual haul.
  • This assembly can itself be integrated in a carriage operated remotely to allow the translation of the support in addition to its vertical movement. Likewise, this assembly can be provided with anti-fall or anti-roll safety devices known on conventional mounting types.
  • the system described above can work with straps instead of cables, and with pulleys whose grooves have the appropriate profile. It can also work with chains in place of cables and sprockets instead of pulleys.
  • the support may take the form of a nacelle or a construction platform, on which the cables, or equivalent links, are guided to the upper part of end stirrups by suitable devices. It can also be used for the vertical maneuver of a spreader, or any other load carrier having the configuration suitable for the application of the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Carriers, Traveling Bodies, And Overhead Traveling Cranes (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. System zum Aufhängen und zum Heben eines Lastträgers (S), angewandt an zwei entgegen gesetzten Enden dieses Trägers, wobei der Träger an mindestens vier Aufhängungssträngen aufgehängt ist, die aus mindestens zwei Aufhängegliedern (C1, C2) bestehen, von welchen jedes an einem dieser Enden an einem Fixpunkt (PF1, PF2) und am anderen Ende an dem Antriebsorgan eines Hubgeräts (T1, T2) angehängt ist und über kreisförmige Umlenkträger (A1, B1, A3, B3) in solidarischer Drehung mit diesen Aufhängeglieder auf parallelen Achsen (AX), die jeweils an jedem Ende des Lastträgers befestigt sind, läuft;
    wobei jedes Aufhängeglied(C1 oder C2) mit seinem Hebemittel (T1 oder T2) auf der Seite des Endes des Lastträgers verbunden ist, die der Seite entgegen gesetzt ist, an der das andere Aufhängeglied (C2 oder C1) mit dem anderen Hebemittel (T2 oder T1) verbunden ist;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens eines der Aufhängeglieder (C1) nach Art eines Flaschenzugs geschlungen ist und nacheinander über mindestens zwei zusätzliche kreisförmige Zwischenträger (A2, B2) verläuft, die an jedem Ende angeordnet sind, entlang eines derart gekreuzten Verlaufs, dass auf mindestens einer der Endachsen (AX) mindestens ein kreisförmiger Träger (A0, B0) des oben genannten Aufhängeglieds (C1) in die gleiche Richtung dreht wie mindestens ein koaxialer kreisförmiger Träger (A2) des anderen Aufhängeglieds (C2) unter der gleichen Einwirkung der zwei Hebemittel (T1, T2), die sich an die Aufhängeglieder anlegen, während diese zwei koaxialen kreisförmigen Träger (A1, A2) jeweils von einem Moment mit der gleichen Stärke und entgegen gesetzter Richtung beansprucht werden, wenn ihre gemeinsame Achse (AX) von einer gleichen Kraft, die nicht mit der Wirkung der Hebemittel verbunden ist, nach unten oder nach oben beansprucht wird; und
    dass diese zwei koaxialen kreisförmigen Träger (A1, A2) den gleichen wirksamen Durchmesser haben und in Drehung derart fest verbunden sind, damit eine Drehung in entgegen gesetzte Richtung dieser zwei koaxialen Träger (A1, A2) unter der Einwirkung der Kraft verhindert wird, ohne dass die Einwirkung der Hebemittel auf die zwei koaxialen kreisförmigen Träger über die Aufhängeglieder behindert wird.
  2. System nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das andere Aufhängeglied (C2) ebenfalls nach Art eines Flaschenzugs geschlungen und nacheinander über mindestens zwei zusätzliche kreisförmige Zwischenträger (A0, B0) verläuft, die an jedem Ende angeordnet sind, entlang eines Verlaufs, der derart gekreuzt ist, dass auf der anderen der Endachsen (AX) mindestens ein kreisförmiger Zwischenträger (B0) des anderen oben genannten Aufhängeglieds (C2) in die gleiche Richtung dreht wie mindestens ein koaxialer kreisförmiger Träger (B2) des ersten Aufhängeglieds unter der identischen Einwirkung der zwei Hebemittel (T1, T2), die sich an die Aufhängeglieder anlegen, während diese zwei koaxialen kreisförmigen Träger (B0, B2) jeweils von einem Moment mit der gleichen Stärke und entgegen gesetzter Richtung beansprucht werden, wenn ihre gemeinsame Achse (AX) von einer gleichen Kraft, die nicht mit der Aktion in der Hebemittel verbunden ist, nach unten oder nach oben beansprucht ist, und
    dass diese zwei koaxialen kreisförmigen Träger (B0, B2) den gleichen wirksamen Durchmesser haben und in Drehung derart fest verbunden sind, dass eine Drehung in die umgekehrte Richtung dieser zwei koaxialen Träger (B0, B2) unter der Einwirkung der Kraft verhindert wird, ohne dass die Einwirkung der Hebemittel auf die koaxialen kreisförmigen Träger über Aufhängeglieder behindert wird.
  3. System nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die koaxialen kreisförmigen Träger, die in Drehung fest verbunden sind, aneinander grenzen (A1, A2, B0, B2).
  4. System nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf jeder Endachse (AX) drei aneinander grenzende kreisförmige Träger (A0, A1, A2; B0, B3, B2) in Drehung fest verbunden sind.
  5. System nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an jedem Ende des Lastträgers (S) alle kreisförmigen Träger koaxial sind und den gleichen wirksamen Durchmesser haben.
  6. System nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, das eine Trennvorrichtung (V) der koaxialen kreisförmigen Träger, die normalerweise fest verbunden sind, aufweist, um sie stellenweise und vorübergehend und vorläufig in Drehung voneinander unabhängig zu machen, und es daher zu erlauben, sie zu betätigen, um die horizontale Lage des Lastträgers (S) bei Bedarf wiederherzustellen oder um eine erstrebenswerte Neigung dieses einzustellen.
  7. System nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die kreisförmigen Träger aus Scheiben und die Aufhängeglieder (C1, C2) aus Kabeln oder aus Gurten bestehen, die mit in den Scheiben zusammenwirken, die mit entsprechenden peripheren Profilen versehen sind, wobei die Kabel oder Gurte einen Reibungskoeffizienten aufweisen, der für ihr gutes festes Verbinden in ihrem Zusammenwirken mit den Scheiben erforderlich ist.
  8. System nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Aufhängeglieder (C1, C2) aus Ketten und die kreisförmigen Träger aus Ritzeln, deren Verzahnung der Konfiguration dieser Ketten entspricht, bestehen.
  9. System nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der obere Teil jedes Aufhängungsstrangs der Aufhängeglieder (C1, C2), der mit einem Hebemittel verbunden ist, seitlich zu dem anderen Strang umgelenkt wird, wobei die zwei einander derart angenäherten Stränge ein zweites Mal entlang einer Richtung parallel zueinander und in eine identische Richtung umgelenkt werden, um sich auf zwei Aufrollorgane (10, 11) aufzurollen, die fest mit einer gleichen Antriebsvorrichtung verbunden sind.
  10. System nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, das mindestens ein Sturzschutzsystem (DA) aufweist, das auf einer der Endachsen (AX) einrastet, um im Falle des Beschleunigens ihrer Drehbewegung über einen bestimmten Beschleunigungsgrad und/oder über eine bestimmte Drehzahl hinaus zu blockieren, insbesondere infolge des Reißens eines der zwei Aufhängeglieder (C1, C2).
EP04102502A 2003-06-13 2004-06-03 System zum Heben und Stabilisieren von einem hängenden Lastträger Expired - Lifetime EP1486452B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LU91026A LU91026B1 (fr) 2003-06-13 2003-06-13 Système de levage et de stabilisation d'un supportde charge suspendu.
LU91026 2003-06-13

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1486452A2 EP1486452A2 (de) 2004-12-15
EP1486452A3 EP1486452A3 (de) 2006-04-19
EP1486452B1 true EP1486452B1 (de) 2008-08-13

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US (1) US7070171B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1486452B1 (de)
CN (1) CN100398429C (de)
AT (1) ATE404487T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2470266A1 (de)
DE (1) DE602004015676D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2312926T3 (de)
LU (1) LU91026B1 (de)

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CN114476916B (zh) * 2022-01-27 2025-08-08 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 一种双机抬吊用智能扁担及使用方法
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CN116281495B (zh) * 2023-04-12 2024-01-02 杭州欣源电梯部件有限公司 一种电梯轿厢钢丝绳锁定结构
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Publication number Publication date
EP1486452A3 (de) 2006-04-19
DE602004015676D1 (de) 2008-09-25
HK1073096A1 (zh) 2005-09-23
US20040251455A1 (en) 2004-12-16
EP1486452A2 (de) 2004-12-15
CA2470266A1 (fr) 2004-12-13
US7070171B2 (en) 2006-07-04
ATE404487T1 (de) 2008-08-15
ES2312926T3 (es) 2009-03-01
CN100398429C (zh) 2008-07-02
CN1594063A (zh) 2005-03-16
LU91026B1 (fr) 2004-12-14

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