EP1487598A1 - Procede, dispositif et element joint auxiliaire destines a l'assemblage d'au moins deux composants - Google Patents

Procede, dispositif et element joint auxiliaire destines a l'assemblage d'au moins deux composants

Info

Publication number
EP1487598A1
EP1487598A1 EP03717241A EP03717241A EP1487598A1 EP 1487598 A1 EP1487598 A1 EP 1487598A1 EP 03717241 A EP03717241 A EP 03717241A EP 03717241 A EP03717241 A EP 03717241A EP 1487598 A1 EP1487598 A1 EP 1487598A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
joining part
auxiliary joining
components
auxiliary
tool
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03717241A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Reinhard Mauermann
Fred Jesche
Stephan Dietrich
Lutz Lachmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV filed Critical Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Publication of EP1487598A1 publication Critical patent/EP1487598A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
    • B21J15/025—Setting self-piercing rivets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/10—Riveting machines
    • B21J15/12—Riveting machines with tools or tool parts having a movement additional to the feed movement, e.g. spin
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B15/00—Nails; Staples
    • F16B15/04—Nails; Staples with spreading shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B19/00—Bolts without screw-thread; Pins, including deformable elements; Rivets
    • F16B19/04—Rivets; Spigots or the like fastened by riveting
    • F16B19/06—Solid rivets made in one piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B19/00—Bolts without screw-thread; Pins, including deformable elements; Rivets
    • F16B19/04—Rivets; Spigots or the like fastened by riveting
    • F16B19/08—Hollow rivets; Multi-part rivets
    • F16B19/086—Self-piercing rivets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
    • F16B5/04—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of riveting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49936—Surface interlocking
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49938—Radially expanding part in cavity, aperture, or hollow body
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49945—Assembling or joining by driven force fit
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49947—Assembling or joining by applying separate fastener
    • Y10T29/49954—Fastener deformed after application

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for connecting at least two, at least partially overlapping components with a mechanical joining process without prepunching, an auxiliary joining part therefor, and a device for connecting at least two, at least partially overlapping components with a mechanical joining process without prepunching according to the Preamble of claim 14.
  • the present invention relates to a method and a device in which at least two components are connected to one another by plastic deformation thereof by means of auxiliary joining parts, in particular clinching rivets.
  • the invention relates to the field of mechanical joining technology in which no pre-hole is required. Especially in the automotive industry, these inexpensive processes are used in mass production.
  • an overlap area of the components is arranged between a stamp and a die.
  • This stamp is then either pressed directly into the joining area of the two components with high force, the two components deforming plastically, or an auxiliary joining part is pressed into the joining partner to be joined with the aid of the stamp.
  • the die is designed in such a way that when the two components are deformed, undercut areas form between the components or between the components and the auxiliary joining part in the joining area.
  • the linear punch movement is superimposed on a wobble movement in order to reduce the joining forces and, if necessary, to improve the material flow.
  • the auxiliary joining part is joined with a straight movement without a pre-hole in the metal sheets to be connected, the opposite side being formed by a hollow die and several perforated slugs being created as waste.
  • the auxiliary joining part is hardened, takes over the function of the cutting punch during cutting and is not deformed in the joining process.
  • the auxiliary joining part is joined with a straight and tumbling movement without a pre-hole in the metal sheets to be connected, the opposite side being formed by a die and no waste occurring.
  • the auxiliary joining part is deformed during the joining and forms the undercut.
  • punch riveting with full rivets is very disadvantageous in that firstly, waste arises in the form of several perforated slugs per connection, which impairs the process reliability of the subsequent production steps, and secondly, the sheet metal on the die side often clamps on the die with the consequence of die wear and breakage ; and third, the auxiliary joining part is complicated and expensive to manufacture.
  • the Tox rivet rabbit also has to use high forces.
  • Another disadvantage is that the rivets of the lowest sheet layer are greatly reduced in the case of rivets that are not significantly deformable and often fall below a critical value of 0.3 mm.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention from a process engineering point of view by a method for connecting at least two, at least partially overlapping components with a mechanical joining process without pre-punching with the aid of a deformable auxiliary joining part, the auxiliary joining part being provided by an upper tool against an essentially flat lower tool, at least with an axial one Feed movement is molded into the components to be connected and these components are connected to one another with plastic deformation of both the components and the auxiliary joining part.
  • the object of the invention is achieved in terms of apparatus technology by a device for connecting at least two, at least partially overlapping components with a mechanical joining process without pre-punching with the aid of a deformable auxiliary joining part with an upper tool and a lower tool, with a combined wobble and axial feed movement and is provided with a plastically deformable auxiliary joining part in operative connection as a component of the upper tool, and wherein a substantially flat lower tool on the opposite side of the components to be connected is arranged.
  • the object according to the invention is achieved by an auxiliary joining part, for connecting at least two, at least partially overlapping components with a mechanical joining process without pre-punching, the auxiliary joining part being designed as a clinch rivet, which is formed in the joining process at least with the formation or reinforcement of a waist plastically deformed.
  • Fig. 1 shows a device and plate-shaped components before the manufacture of the
  • Fig. 2 shows the device and the plate-shaped components in one
  • Fig. 3 shows the device and the plate-shaped components according to the
  • Fig. 4 possible embodiments of the auxiliary joining part.
  • FIG. 1 An exemplary embodiment is explained with reference to FIG. 1.
  • Fig. 1 a section of the joining device is shown.
  • This joining device has an upper tool consisting of a punch (6) and a hold-down device (5) and a lower tool (4) as a counter tool to the upper tool. Both tools are only in sections, i.e. not fully illustrated.
  • FIG. 1 An auxiliary joining part (1), in particular a clinch rivet, is shown in FIG. 1 for joining (connecting) the two components (2, 3). Possible exemplary embodiments of this clinch rivet are presented in FIG. 4.
  • the clinch rivet shown In addition to a rotational symmetry with respect to the longitudinal axis (14), the clinch rivet shown also has a mirror symmetry on the central orthogonal plane to the longitudinal axis (14), as a result of which a positional orientation of the rivet before the joining process is unnecessary.
  • transitions (13) from the end faces (11) to the surface line of the rivet (12) can be described by a double chamfer, a simple chamfer or a radius.
  • this transition (13) is described by a drag curve, also called a tractrix.
  • This drag curve starts at the surface line of the rivet and then ends asymptotically at the rivet face to the center.
  • the curve parameters depend on the application.
  • All of the exemplary embodiments have in common that the plastic flow of the displaced material of the plate-shaped components by the design of the transition from the surface line to the face is supported.
  • the auxiliary joining part has a head on the upper side thereof.
  • Fig. 1 the starting position (before connecting the components) is shown, in which the auxiliary joining part (1) is positioned in the drawing above two superimposed plate-shaped components, in particular sheets (2, 3), which in turn on a flat counter tool ( 4) concern.
  • This hold-down device (5) has an opening angle (5a) towards the top.
  • a punch (6) is arranged in this opening.
  • This joining punch (6) can be pivoted around the intersection between the rivet longitudinal axis 16 and the longitudinal axis of the punch 6 in the opening 5a without rotation in order to enable the punch (6) to wobble.
  • the auxiliary joining part (1) is in any case against the essentially flat lower tool (4) by the upper tool (5, 6) molded into the components (2, 3) to be connected with an axial feed movement due to an axially acting process force, both the components (2, 3) and the auxiliary joining part (1) being plastically deformed in the connection area of these components (2, 3) positive connection is formed.
  • this wobbling movement of the punch (6) is superimposed on the method of the axial feed movement for joining the clinch rivet.
  • This wobble movement itself can be superimposed on the axial feed movement either during the entire joining process or only during part of the joining process.
  • the material of the plate-shaped components (2, 3) is partially reshaped by the wobble movement, so that the process forces decrease significantly as described. While the punch (6) executes this wobble movement, the process force can have a variable additional force dependent on the wobble movement superimposed on it.
  • this additional force is added to the process force and during the migration of this surface from the outside in, this additional force becomes the process force subtracted.
  • this variable additional force supports the desired material flow radially from the inside to the outside, as a result of which the rivet diameter on the surface is additionally increased and the gap between the rivet and the plate material can be leveled better.
  • variable additional force can be overlaid 180 ° out of phase and the radial outward flow of material in the rivet is largely suppressed.
  • variable force dependent on the wobble movement can be applied via the upper tool (5, 6) or via the lower tool. It is also preferred if the process force is applied in a pulsed manner via the upper tool (5, 6).
  • a device that can be controlled as a function of the wobble position of the punch (6) is preferably provided on the counter tool (4) for applying this variable additional force to the process.
  • the device for applying the process with this variable additional force is attached to the side of the upper tool.
  • the pulse-like joining can be realized by a mechanically, pneumatically, hydraulically, electromagnetically or piezoelectrically driven device.
  • the counter tool (4) is preferably flat on the contact surface of the plate-shaped components.
  • a curvature with the lower bulge dimension (8) is formed in the lower sheet. If the material is to be accumulated on the stamp side of the sheets (2), a space is provided between the hold-down device (5) and the punch (6) and the hold-down device (5) is subjected to a higher force.
  • FIG 2 shows an intermediate state of the joining process, in which the rivet (1) has already penetrated a little into the metal sheets (2, 3).
  • the rivet (1) is pressed into the sheet metal by the described axial advance movement of the punch (6), which is also overlaid by a wobble movement also described with the constant or variable wobble angle (6a).
  • the material is displaced by the rivet (1).
  • an undercut (7) has not yet been developed.
  • the final state of the joining process is shown in FIG.
  • the material in the sheets (2, 3) is displaced by the rivet (1) in such a way that an undercut (7) is formed between the upper and lower sheets (2, 3).
  • This undercut creates a positive connection between the plate-shaped components (2, 3).
  • the formation of the undercut (7) is supported by the plastic deformation of the rivet (1). Cavities between the outer surface of the rivet (1) and the material of the upper plate (2) are pressed by the rivet deformation.
  • the rivet (1) deforms considerably in the joining process.
  • the rivet (1) has a waist in the molded state, which is not present in the original state. This supports the formation of the undercut and prevents the rivet from falling out of the joint later.
  • auxiliary joining part generally does not penetrate the plate (2) arranged at the top in the drawing. A residual layer remains between the auxiliary joining part (1) and the plate (3) arranged below in the drawing.
  • the auxiliary joining part (1) is therefore usually only in contact with one of the two plate-shaped components (2), at least in the connection area, even after the joining process has been completed.
  • the undercut (7) formed by this joining process influences the strength of the joining point.
  • these variables can be influenced in a targeted manner .
  • a method for connecting at least partially overlapping plate-shaped components, in particular metal sheets, is presented in a mechanical joining process without a pre-hole with the aid of an easily produced auxiliary joining part.
  • the auxiliary joining part is molded into the parts to be connected by an upper and lower tool in an axial feed movement, which can be overlaid by a wobbling movement of the upper tool, in such a way that a positive and / or material connection is formed in the connection area of these plate-shaped components with plastic deformation ,
  • the connection area of the positive and / or integral connection has at least one undercut from the material of these plate-shaped components.
  • the auxiliary joining part is usually only in contact with one of the two plate-shaped components, at least in the connection area, even after the joining process has been completed.
  • the auxiliary joining part changes its shape during the joining process and thereby contributes to the formation of the undercut. The remaining voids on the outer surface of the rivet is avoided.
  • the wobbling movement of the described stamp in the upper tool can either during the entire joining process or only during part of the Joining process of the feed movement are superimposed.
  • variable additional force dependent on the wobbling movement of the punch in the upper tool can be superimposed on the process force, this variable additional force taking on a larger value with increasing wobble angle and being able to be reduced to a smaller value with decreasing angle.
  • This additional force can either be applied via the upper tool or through the lower tool.
  • the hold-down force applied by the hold-down device which fixes the components to be connected during the joining process, can be freely selected, which enables the material flow in the direction of the upper or lower tool to be influenced and the formation of the undercut can be influenced.
  • a device which is used in particular to carry out the method presented above according to claim 1 and the corresponding subclaims, consisting of an upper tool, a lower tool and an auxiliary joining part.
  • This device is characterized by a wobble and axial feed movement as part of the upper tool in engagement with a deformable auxiliary joining part and the lower tool arranged on the opposite side of the sheets to be connected.
  • the end face of the stamp has a larger or equal diameter compared to the diameter of the corresponding end face of the auxiliary joining part.
  • the hold-down device as a component of the upper tool, can have a recess on the end face facing the plate-shaped components, which is provided for receiving material that has been displaced due to the process.
  • the auxiliary joining part is preferably designed as a clinch rivet.
  • This clinch rivet is made of hardened steel or high-strength aluminum alloys.
  • the rivet is designed symmetrically with respect to a central orthogonal plane to the longitudinal axis and thus has a further, second symmetry in addition to the rotational symmetry.
  • the counter tool for generating the necessary counter force is either essentially rigidly connected to a tool frame or is movably mounted.
  • the counter tool for generating the necessary counter force is essentially flat.
  • variable additional force depending on the wobble movement as a function of the wobble position can be formed by a mechanically, electromagnetically or piezoelectrically driven device.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Insertion Pins And Rivets (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif d'assemblage d'au moins deux composants (2, 3) se chevauchant au moins partiellement, au moyen d'un processus d'assemblage mécanique sans prépoinçonnage, à l'aide d'un élément joint auxiliaire déformable (1). L'invention concerne également un tel élément joint auxiliaire (1). Selon l'invention, ledit élément joint auxiliaire (1) est comprimé dans les composants devant être assemblés (2, 3) par un mouvement d'avancement axial d'un outil supérieur (6) contre un outil essentiellement inférieur (4), et lesdits composants (2, 3) sont assemblés par déformation plastique des composants et de l'élément joint auxiliaire (1).
EP03717241A 2002-03-27 2003-03-27 Procede, dispositif et element joint auxiliaire destines a l'assemblage d'au moins deux composants Withdrawn EP1487598A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10213793 2002-03-27
DE10213793A DE10213793A1 (de) 2002-03-27 2002-03-27 Verfahren, Vorrichtung und Hilfsfügeteil zum Fügen von mindestens zwei Bauteilen
PCT/EP2003/003206 WO2003080270A1 (fr) 2002-03-27 2003-03-27 Procede, dispositif et element joint auxiliaire destines a l'assemblage d'au moins deux composants

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1487598A1 true EP1487598A1 (fr) 2004-12-22

Family

ID=27816008

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03717241A Withdrawn EP1487598A1 (fr) 2002-03-27 2003-03-27 Procede, dispositif et element joint auxiliaire destines a l'assemblage d'au moins deux composants

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US7377021B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1487598A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10213793A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003080270A1 (fr)

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CN108543872A (zh) * 2018-04-12 2018-09-18 昆明理工大学 一种基于二次成形的压印连接装置及方法
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WO2003080270A1 (fr) 2003-10-02
US7377021B2 (en) 2008-05-27
US20050120532A1 (en) 2005-06-09
DE10213793A1 (de) 2003-10-09

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