EP1492860A1 - Compositions pour cire et bougie - Google Patents

Compositions pour cire et bougie

Info

Publication number
EP1492860A1
EP1492860A1 EP03743409A EP03743409A EP1492860A1 EP 1492860 A1 EP1492860 A1 EP 1492860A1 EP 03743409 A EP03743409 A EP 03743409A EP 03743409 A EP03743409 A EP 03743409A EP 1492860 A1 EP1492860 A1 EP 1492860A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
candle
candle according
volatile material
phases
active volatile
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03743409A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Huib Maat
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eaira Ltd
Original Assignee
INOVAIR Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by INOVAIR Ltd filed Critical INOVAIR Ltd
Publication of EP1492860A1 publication Critical patent/EP1492860A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
    • C11C5/00—Candles
    • C11C5/002—Ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
    • C11C5/00—Candles
    • C11C5/008—Candles characterised by their form; Composite candles, e.g. candles containing zones of different composition, inclusions, or the like

Definitions

  • This invention generally relates to the dispensing of volatile material, e.g. a fragrance, from a candle product. More specifically this invention relates to a freestanding candle comprising an outer, volatile material containing shell, an inner core and wick.
  • volatile material e.g. a fragrance
  • a typical candle is formed of a solid, or semi-solid, body of wax such as paraffin wax or beeswax that contains an axially embedded combustible wick.
  • the heat that is generated melts the solid wax.
  • the resulting liquid wax rises up the wick through capillary action and is combusted.
  • More recently transparent and translucent candles have been developed in which the body of the candle comprises a solvent blended with a polymeric material to form a gel.
  • United States Patent number 6,111,055 describes a gel candle composition comprising an ester-terminated dimer acid-based polyamide blended with a solvent. In this case the heat generated when the wick is lit is sufficient to melt the gel composition, and the resulting liquid is transported to the top of the wick by capillary action and is combusted.
  • the candle may be formed into a free-standing pillar, or may be better suited to being placed in a container.
  • Candles have also been developed that incorporate a perfume base in the wax or gel body. As the wax is melted in a lighted candle, there is a release of fragrance from the molten wax pool. Furthermore, the incorporated fragrance can slowly evaporate from the surface of the solid wax body of an unlit candle, thereby providing a low level of fragrance to the surrounding atmosphere.
  • Conventional fragrance candles have drawbacks because of cost and other considerations. Much of the fragrance incorporated into a conventional fragrance candle is drawn up the wick and combusted during candle burning, leaving only a candle is drawn up the wick and combusted during candle burning, leaving only a relatively small amount of fragrance to evaporate from the molten wax pool and to freshen the surrounding atmosphere. Further, the migration of incorporated fragrance through the solid wax body of an unlit candle is relatively slow and the level of fragrance released is lower than desired. Increasing the amount of fragrance incorporated into the candle to a level sufficient to freshen the surrounding atmosphere makes the candle tacky or oily and deprives the candle of sufficient structural properties to enable it to resist damage and stand freely. Conventional fragrance candles are generally therefore protected and supported by a rigid, non- flammable container, typically made of for example glass or ceramic.
  • US Patent No. 4,568,270 describes a fragranced free standing candle which comprises an inner fragranced core comprising from 5 to 12% by weight of fragrance oil and an outer shell comprising a high melting paraffin/wax mixture.
  • the outer core may also be fragranced and the examples, e.g. examples 16 to 30 suggest that the amount of fragrance oil in the outer shell may be from 5 to 12% by weight.
  • such candles still suffer from the disadvantage that approximately 50% by weight of the fragrance oil is still present in the inner core and this may be lost by, e.g. combustion.
  • an object of this invention is to remedy the problems of conventional candles outlined above.
  • an object of the invention is to provide a free-standing wax air freshener and/or a free standing air freshener candle product, or other such candle products comprising a volatile material, which releases a suitable level of the volatile material into the atmosphere when unlit, and that will release an increased level of the volatile material to the atmosphere when lit.
  • a candle comprising at least two distinct phases characterised in that at least one of the phases comprises from 0.0001 % w/w to 99 % w/w of an active volatile material.
  • the phases of the candle may comprise, for example, first and second layers.
  • a candle of the invention may comprise more than two layers.
  • the phases or layers may comprise a core, e.g. a cylindrical core and an outer shell.
  • each of the core and outer shell may themselves comprise a plurality of layers.
  • the candle of the invention may comprise at least 5% w/w of an active volatile material, preferably 10% w/w of an active volatile material and especially at least 15% w/w and less than 99.99% of an active volatile material.
  • a candle according to claim 1 characterised in that the active volatile material is selected from an insecticide, an insect repellent, an insect attractant, a fragrance, a deodorising agent and an anti-bacterial agent, or any combination thereof.
  • the active volatile material is selected from an insecticide, an insect repellent, a deodorant and an anti-bacterial agent, or any combination thereof.
  • the active volatile material may be a fragrance.
  • At least one of the phases of the candle may comprise from 1 % w/w to 99 % w/w of an active volatile material, preferably from 12 % w/w to 99 % w/w of an active volatile material, more preferably from 15%> to 99% w/w of an active volatile material and especially from 20 % w/w to 70%> w/w of an active volatile material.
  • the wax air freshener may be in the form of a candle.
  • a freestanding fragranced candle comprising a wax incorporating a perfume base and a wick characterised in that the fragrance content of the wax is greater than 15%> by weight.
  • the candle of the invention may comprise an outer shell and an inner core.
  • the candle may comprise an outer shell with a fragrance content of greater than 15%.
  • the inner core may comprise a fragrance content the same as or preferentially lower than that of the outer shell.
  • a free-standing fragranced candle comprising an outer shell incorporating a perfume base, an inner core and a wick characterised in that the fragrance content of the outer shell is greater than 15% by weight.
  • the candle as hereinbefore described comprises an outer shell characterised in that the perfume base content of the outer shell is from 15 to 70% by weight.
  • the candle may comprise an outer shell having a higher melting point than the inner core.
  • the outer shell as hereinbefore described may include a layer over the top of the candle.
  • the outer shell may be continuous or discontinuous and / or the outer shell may cover all or part of the faces/sides/surfaces of the core.
  • At least one of the phases may act as a bonding, sealing, separating, barrier, supporting or coating agent or a combination thereof on the other phase.
  • At least one of the phases may comprise a non-melting wax, stone, metal, plastic, or ceramic or a mixture thereof and from 0.0001 % w/w to 99 % w/w of an active volatile material selected from an insecticide, insect repellent, insect attractant, a fragrance, deodorising or anti-bacterial agent.
  • At least one of the phases may comprise a glass and from 7 % w/w to 99 % w/w of an active volatile material whereby the active volatile material is a fragrance or from 0.0001 %> w/w to 99 %> w/w of an active volatile material whereby the active volatile material is selected from an insecticide, insect repellent, insect attractant, deodorising or anti-bacterial agent
  • At least one of the phases may comprise any combination from a glass and from 7 % w/w to 99 % w/w of an active volatile material whereby the active volatile material is a fragrance or from 0.0001 %> w/w to 99 % w/w of an active volatile material whereby the active volatile material is selected from an insecticide, insect repellent, insect attractant, deodorising or anti-bacterial agent and a non- melting wax, stone, metal, plastic, or ceramic or a mixture thereof and from 0.0001 % w/w to 99 % w/w of an active volatile material selected from an insecticide, insect repellent, insect attractant, a fragrance, deodorising or anti-bacterial agent.
  • a candle which is a free-standing candle or a candle in an open or closed container.
  • the candle may be such that, in normal use at least one of the phases is horizontally oriented. Alternatively, at least one of the phases may be vertically oriented.
  • the phases have different melting rates.
  • a further aspect of the invention we provide a device comprising a candle as hereinbefore described wherein the device is adapted to be used as an air freshener, insecticide, insect repellent, insect attractant, deodorising and/or anti-bacterial device characterised in that it does not comprise a candle wick.
  • the device may comprise an air freshener, insect or pest control product, odour neutraliser, deodoriser or anti-bacterial device.
  • one phase of the candle may comprise a liquid at room temperature.
  • at least one phase of the candle may comprise a liquid fuel.
  • the inner core is formed of a solid body of wax, such as paraffin wax or beeswax.
  • the inner core may contain up to 10 weight percent of a perfume base.
  • the inner core may be coated with between about 0.2-4.0mm of a fragranced outer shell.
  • the fragranced outer shell may contain between about 30-70 weight percent of a perfume base and a carrier therefor, and is not tacky or oily at ambient temperature more preferably 40 to 60% by weight.
  • the unusually high concentration of perfume base in the outer shell is sufficient to ensure a suitable release of fragrance to the surrounding atmosphere when the candle is unlit. Further, concentrating the perfume base in the thin outer shell facilitates migration to the surface of the candle body. When the wick of the candle is lit the heat generated is sufficient to melt the inner core, forming a molten pool within the shell. If perfume base is incorporated in to the inner core then some will evaporate from the molten pool to freshen the surrounding atmosphere, though much will be drawn up the wick and combusted as previously described.
  • the perfume base incorporated in the outer shell is distant from the wick and is therefore less likely to be combusted.
  • the heat generated by the flame and heat transfer from the molten pool is sufficient to warm the outer shell and enhance evaporation of perfume base therefrom, thereby providing a significant release of fragrance to the surrounding atmosphere.
  • Candles of this aspect of the invention comprising an inner core and an outer fragranced shell are especially advantageous in that, inter alia, they provide a candle which possess a significantly improved burn performance.
  • the shell is preferably formed from a mixture comprising (a) between about 30-70 weight percent of a perfume base, (b) between about 20-70 weight percent of a linear alpha olefin and (c) optionally up to 50 weight percent of a suitable solvent. More preferably the shell comprises between about 40-60 weight percent of a linear alpha olefin and between about 40-60 weight percent of a perfume base.
  • a second outer shell may be included in the candle wherein the second outer shell comprises an unfragranced or fragranced layer.
  • the candle may comprise, for example, an inner unfragranced core, a highly fragranced intermediate layer and then a further unfragranced outer layer.
  • Such a candle is advantageous in that the fragrance is only released when the wax melts.
  • the shell may be made up a multitude/plurality of layers each of which are fragranced or unfragranced.
  • the inner core may be perfume free.
  • Such a perfume free inner core candle may be advantageous in that it will have a superior burn performance over a perfumed core candle, especially when this contains a high dosage of fragrance. This would make the candle as well cheaper without sacrificing fragrancing performance.
  • the inner core and/or the outer shell of the candle may comprise a transparent material, such as those described in:
  • any conventionally known transparent materials or combinations thereof or with wax may be used.
  • the process of the invention may also comprise coating a conventional candle.
  • the core may be coated in a paraffin wax, e.g. by dipping, before being coated with the outer layer.
  • a paraffin wax intermediate layer creates an improved bond between the core and the outer layer.
  • the fragrance may be encapsulated inside the wax.
  • a candle lantern comprising a candle as hereinbefore described.
  • the waxes of the invention may be suitable for use as, ter alia, conventional air fresheners.
  • one or more conventionally known insecticide materials may be included in the wax formulation (both in the shell or / and in the core) .
  • Such wax formulations may be suitable for use as an insecticide/deodoriser.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of a fragranced candle according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 1-1 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of a further embodiment of a fragranced candle according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 2-2 of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional plan view of a multilayered candle of the invnetion;
  • FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-section of a candle of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional plan view of a square multilayered candle of the invnetion;
  • FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-section of a candle of FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 9 is a vertical cross-section of a candle of the invnetion comprising mulytilayers at one end;
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional plan view of a shell candle comprising a plurality of discontinuous layers;
  • FIG. 11 is a vertical cross-section of a shell candle comprising a plurality of discontinuous layers
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional plan view of a shell candle comprising a plurality of discontinuous layers
  • FIG. 13 is a vertical cross-section of a shell candle comprising a plurality of discontinuous layers.
  • FIG. 14 is a vertical cross-section of a shell candle comprising a plurality of discontinuous mulytilayers at one end.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show a free-standing fragrance candle 10 according to the invention.
  • the candle 10 comprises a wick 11, an inner core 12, and an outer shell 13.
  • the core 12 can be produced by employing conventional candle making methods such as moulding, dipping, compressing, extruding and the like.
  • the core 12 is formed of a material selected from the group consisting essentially of paraffin, paraffin wax, beeswax, montan wax, carnauba wax, microcrystalline wax, fatty alcohols, fatty acids, fatty esters, natural and synthetic resins, and mixtures thereof.
  • the core 12 can also contain perfume base.
  • the shell 13 is preferably formed from a mixture comprising (a) between about 30-70 weight percent of a perfume base, (b) between about 20-70 weight percent of a linear alpha olefin and (c) optionally up to 50 weight percent of a suitable solvent. More preferably the shell 13 comprises between about 40-60 weight percent of a linear alpha olefin and between about 40-60 weight percent of a perfume base.
  • any of the compositions currently used in perfumery can be discreet chemicals, more often however they are mixtures of volatile liquid and/or solid ingredients of natural or synthetic origin. The nature of these ingredients can be found in specialised books of perfumery, e.g. in S. Artander (Perfume and Flavor Chemicals, Montclair N.J., USA 1969). Suitable perfume bases are available commercially from a number of fragrance suppliers.
  • the shell 13 can be formed from a mixture of a perfume base and materials selected from the group consisting of paraffin, paraffin wax, beeswax, montan wax, carnauba wax, microcrystalline wax, fatty alcohols, fatty acids, fatty esters, natural and synthetic resins, and mixtures thereof.
  • the maximum amount of perfume base incorporated in the shell is limited to approximately 50 weight percent, as inclusion levels above this amount make the candle tacky or oily and generally disagreeable to the touch.
  • a fragrance candle according to the present invention preferably comprises a number of additional features.
  • a plurality of wicks each equidistant from the candle axis can be employed, it is usual for there to be a single wick 11 which extends along the candle axis.
  • the candle 10 can have any shape that a conventional pillar candle can have.
  • the core 12 and shell 13 are cylindrical.
  • the core 22 and shell 23 are square in a cross section taken in a plane normal to the wick 21.
  • Example 1 A core was formed using a commercially available unfragranced cylindrical pillar candle with a single wick extending along the candle axis.
  • the core had a diameter of approximately 50mm, a height of approximately 105mm and a total mass of 172.3g.
  • a shell composition was prepared by heating 150.0g of a perfume base (lavender scent) and lOO.Og of LAO C30+ (available from Aiglon S.A.) in a sealed 500ml glass powder jar to 90°C in a water bath, whereupon the linear alpha olefin dissolved in the perfume base. The mixture was agitated until completely homogeneous and then cooled to 75°C.
  • a perfume base lavender scent
  • LAO C30+ available from Aiglon S.A.
  • the core was dipped into the molten shell composition, removed and allowed to cool. This dipping and cooling process was repeated until the total mass of the candle had increased to 189.0g.
  • the shell thus had a total mass of about 16.7g, a thickness of about 1mm and contained approximately lO.Og of the perfume base.
  • the free standing pillar candle thus produced was not tacky or oily, and provided a suitable amount of fragrance to freshen the surrounding air when unlit.
  • a perfume base (lavender scent) was mixed with 196.0g of a molten commercially available paraffin wax blend, and 150.0g of the resulting mixture poured into a cylindrical candle mould and allowed to cool to ambient temperature.
  • a fragranced core with an axially embedded wick, was thus produced.
  • the core had a diameter of approximately 43mm and a height of approximately 115mm.
  • a shell composition was prepared by heating 125.0g of a perfume base (lavender scent) and 125.
  • Og of LAO C30+ available from Aiglon S ' .A.
  • the mixture was agitated until completely homogeneous and then cooled to 75°C.
  • the core was dipped into the molten shell composition, removed and allowed to cool. This dipping and cooling process was repeated until the total mass of the candle had increased by 14.0g.
  • the shell had a thickness of about 1mm and contained approximately 7.0g of the perfume base.
  • the free standing pillar candle thus produced was not tacky or oily, and provided a suitable amount of fragrance to freshen the surrounding air when unlit.
  • the fragranced shell Once lit the fragranced shell, being more distant from the candle flame melted more slowly than the core and formed a rim, which retained the molten pool formed as the candle burned.
  • the shell surrounding the molten pool was warmed to a temperature above ambient, facilitating additional release of perfume base to the surrounding atmosphere. Additional fragrance was released from the molten pool as in a conventional fragrance candle.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une bougie comprenant au moins deux phases distinctes caractérisées en ce que au moins une des phases comprend entre 0,0001 % en poids et 99 % en poids d'un matériau actif volatil. Ce matériau actif volatil est sélectionné parmi un insecticide, un produit répulsif contre les insectes, un produit attractif pour les insectes, un parfum, un agent désodorisant et antibactérien, ou toute combinaison de ceux-ci.
EP03743409A 2002-03-01 2003-02-28 Compositions pour cire et bougie Withdrawn EP1492860A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB0204803.1A GB0204803D0 (en) 2002-03-01 2002-03-01 Frangrance wax and candle composition
GB0204803 2002-03-01
PCT/GB2003/000840 WO2003074642A1 (fr) 2002-03-01 2003-02-28 Compositions pour cire et bougie

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1492860A1 true EP1492860A1 (fr) 2005-01-05

Family

ID=9932047

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03743409A Withdrawn EP1492860A1 (fr) 2002-03-01 2003-02-28 Compositions pour cire et bougie

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20050150154A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1492860A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003209999A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB0204803D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003074642A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7201915B2 (en) 2003-10-10 2007-04-10 International Flavors & Fragrances Inc. Polyamide stick dispensing product and method of use
ATE365766T1 (de) * 2003-11-14 2007-07-15 Procter & Gamble Polymere zusammensetzungen für die anhaltende freigabe flüchtiger materialien
EP1655344A1 (fr) * 2004-11-05 2006-05-10 The Procter & Gamble Company Compositions polymères pour la diffusion prolongée de composés volatiles
TR201706056T4 (tr) * 2005-12-07 2018-03-21 Procter & Gamble Uçucu maddeleri̇n sürekli̇ salimi i̇çi̇n poli̇meri̇k bi̇leşi̇mler.
US20080081305A1 (en) * 2006-09-29 2008-04-03 The Procter & Gamble Company Candle having visually distinct regions
US9541279B2 (en) * 2013-06-18 2017-01-10 S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc. Candle dispenser
WO2025091064A1 (fr) * 2023-10-31 2025-05-08 Mayo Hardware Pty Ltd Bougie anti-moustiques

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US3819342A (en) * 1971-03-26 1974-06-25 Avon Prod Inc Transparent candle
US4568270A (en) * 1985-03-01 1986-02-04 Ortiz, Inc. Biconstituent candle
US4892711A (en) * 1987-12-31 1990-01-09 Lamplight Farms, Inc. Fragrance dispensing device
US5780527A (en) * 1994-08-19 1998-07-14 Firmenich Sa Perfuming device for perfuming and sanitizing ambient air
US6079975A (en) * 1994-09-14 2000-06-27 Conover; Donald R. Multi-layer candle having different fragrances in each layer
US5569683A (en) * 1995-05-22 1996-10-29 Thermedics, Inc. Gel compositions
CA2202179A1 (fr) * 1997-04-08 1998-10-08 Rayflam Inc. Dispositif de soutien pour abat-jour a utiliser avec une lampe a huile
US5961967A (en) * 1996-09-06 1999-10-05 3M Innovative Properties Company Multiphase candle containing locally enriched regions of deliverable actives
US6129771A (en) * 1999-03-30 2000-10-10 Aunt Bee's, Inc. Gel candle and method of making
AU2001275241A1 (en) * 2000-06-07 2001-12-17 Penreco Self extinguishing candles and method of making same
US6544303B2 (en) * 2001-01-25 2003-04-08 Xanadu Candle International Limited Heat activated perfume candle
US20030086815A1 (en) * 2001-11-07 2003-05-08 Wesley John N Fragrance throwing liquid candle

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO03074642A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2003209999A1 (en) 2003-09-16
GB0204803D0 (en) 2002-04-17
WO2003074642A1 (fr) 2003-09-12
US20050150154A1 (en) 2005-07-14

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