Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
  • B01D46/0002—Casings; Housings; Frame constructions
  • B01D46/0005—Mounting of filtering elements within casings, housings or frames
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
  • B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
  • B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
  • B01D46/2407—Filter candles
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
  • B01D46/56—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
  • B01D46/58—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition connected in parallel
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
  • B01D46/56—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
  • B01D46/62—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition connected in series
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features
  • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
  • F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features
  • F01N13/011—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features having two or more purifying devices arranged in parallel
  • F01N13/017—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features having two or more purifying devices arranged in parallel the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
  • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
  • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
  • F01N3/0211—Arrangements for mounting filtering elements in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
  • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
  • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
  • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
  • F01N3/027—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
  • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
  • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
  • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
  • F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2279/00—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses
  • B01D2279/30—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses for treatment of exhaust gases from IC Engines
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01N2310/00—Selection of sound absorbing or insulating material
  • F01N2310/14—Wire mesh fabric, woven glass cloth or the like
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
  • F01N2330/06—Ceramic, e.g. monoliths
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01N2350/00—Arrangements for fitting catalyst support or particle filter element in the housing
  • F01N2350/02—Fitting ceramic monoliths in a metallic housing
  • F01N2350/04—Fitting ceramic monoliths in a metallic housing with means compensating thermal expansion
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01N2450/00—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements
  • F01N2450/22—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements by welding or brazing
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01N2450/00—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements
  • F01N2450/28—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements by using adhesive material, e.g. cement
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
  • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
  • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
  • F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
  • F01N3/0222—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being monolithic, e.g. honeycombs

Definitions

• the present invention relates generally to the field of particle filters and more particularly to an exhaust gas filtration device for a diesel engine. More particularly, the present invention relates to the implementation and construction of the filtering medium which will be integrated into the device for filtering the exhaust gases of a diesel engine.
• an oxidation catalysis means allowing the transformation of nitrogen monoxide NO, contained in the exhaust gases, into nitrogen dioxide NO 2 from 250 ° C.
• This technique called “Continuous Regenerating Trap” (CRT)
• CRT Continuous Regenerating Trap
• This means consists of a catalytic support on which is fixed the catalyst, which is generally a precious metal such as platinum or rhodium.
• the NO 2 produced by the action of the latter has the property of oxidizing the carbon particles from 250 ° C.
• the proper functioning of the filter depends on the average temperature reached and the ratio of particles emitted relative to the NO 2 formed.
• the objective of the present invention independently of the regeneration methods used, is to provide an original manufacturing and assembly technique for the filtering medium, which makes it possible to very significantly reduce the thermal and mechanical stresses during brutal combustion of the carbon particles deposited (without any inconvenience), so as to eliminate the cracks which result therefrom.
• Another object of the invention is to provide an assembly method allowing brutal regenerations and therefore significant variations in temperatures without destructive effect on the filter, both with silicon carbide filter media, as cordierite or other ceramics usable for this function.
• an exhaust gas filtration device comprising at least one set of filter units separated from each other, each being fixed by bonding to a support by means of a sticky joint, so as to thermally insulate it and make it mechanically independent from its neighbors.
• These filter units are of reduced size and the support on which the filter units are fixed by gluing, using a sticky joint, is a rigid support, metallic, ceramic or other.
• the filtering units are in the form of a parallelepiped with a honeycomb structure and cubic section whose dimension is between 20 and 120 millimeters on a side.
• said filtering units of cubic section are mounted in rigid cavities, of metal or of other materials, in a substantially larger section so as to be able to incorporate an insulating seal in order to be able to thermally and mechanically separate the filter unit from its support.
• the device also comprises a means of heating the filtering units, this heating means being constituted by at least one electrical resistance.
• the filter units bathe in the exhaust gas receiving chamber, said exhaust gases heating all of said filter units.
• FIG. 1 represents a general schematic view of the system comprising the filtration device according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 2 represents a sectional view of the filtration device according to the invention along the axis ll-ll of a set of filter units of FIG. 1.
• FIG. 3 represents a detailed view of the assembly of the filter units with a rigid metallic support.
• FIG. 4 shows a variant of the invention in which the filter units are fixed at their two ends.
• FIG. 5 a, 5 b and 5 c represent in section some variants of assemblies and show the form possibilities that the invention allows.
• FIG. 6 represents a variant which integrates an electrical heating resistance on each filter unit.
• FIG. 1 A method of assembling the filter medium according to the invention is shown diagrammatically in FIG. 1. This system is arranged on the exhaust manifold at the outlet of the engine.
• the exhaust gases are introduced into the filtration enclosure 4, through the orifice 1, then are conventionally directed towards the catalyst 2, then introduced onto the filtering medium consisting of several filtering units 3 to come out filtered at 8.
• These filter units of parallelepipedic shape 3, and preferably of square section, are assembled in a rigid support, preferably metallic 5, by means of seals 6 which must have a high thermal resistance and good compressibility, allowing the expansion of the filter units. during regenerations.
• these joints will consist of a quartz fabric wound in several thicknesses and impregnated with a ceramic adhesive based on silicon carbide or zirconia during assembly. These joints thus formed may have a thickness of 1 to 5 mm and a height of 5 to 50 mm in relation to the length free from the filter unit.
• the quartz fabric could be a strip 35 mm wide and having a density of between 100 and 1000 g / m2. and wrapped around the unit to present a thickness close to 2 mm.
• the metal support 5 will consist of a sheet of
• the metal support being assembled by welding or another means to the flange 7 to ensure its mounting inside the filtration system 4.
• This metal support could also consist of an assembly of metal tube, square, 1 mm thick and welded to each other on one side.
• these seals will consist of ceramic fibers in the form of a mat, fabrics or other forms so as to ensure thermal and mechanical insulation with the rigid support of the filter unit.
• the filter units are advantageously made of silicon carbide and are in the form of bars, preferably parallelepipedic, but due to the reduction of thermal and mechanical stresses, these filter units can also be more conventionally made of cordierite, alumina, silica or d 'other materials, but keeping a preferably parallelepiped shape and small dimension whose square section could be between 10 and 150 mm side.
• the separating joints of these filter units will be made of ceramic fibers in the form of mat, fabrics or other forms so as to ensure thermal and mechanical insulation with the rigid support of the filter unit.
• Figure 2 which is a section along the axis ll-ll of Figure 1, perfectly shows the arrangement of each filter unit 3 with its mounting gasket 6 in the metal support 5, the whole being assembled on a flange 7 to l inside the filtration system.
• FIG. 3 shows the detail of assembly of each filter unit in the metal support 5.
• the metal support may have a slightly conical shape so as to create a natural pressure of the seal 6 at the level of the assembly and ensure better sealing of the assembly.
• the metal support may have a restriction on its lower part as shown to prevent any displacement of the filter unit downwards.
• FIG. 4 represents a method of assembling filter units whose length requires fixing the free end to eliminate insufficient rigidity of the assembly and which could lead to degradation by vibration of the assembly.
• separator seals 9 will be mounted between each bar, and the assembly kept in contact by a metal assembly 10 disposed at the periphery.
• these joints can consist of a ceramic sheet, preferably of the mica type. Such seals allow the filtering units to be joined over a short length, while ensuring good connection of the assembly.
• the metal assembly 10 will be provided with perforations 11 over its entire surface to allow the exhaust gases to pass around each bar, in the same way the ceramic joints separating each bar will be perforated, as shown, or arranged only on a part so as to allow the exhaust gases to circulate freely around.
• FIG. 5 are shown some possible forms that the assembly technique of the present invention allows.
• Figure 5a the assembly side by side of filter units in a small thickness allows for extra flat filters which in the context of current vehicles has a major advantage by locating for example this filter directly at the engine output against the collector exhaust.
• Figure 5b and 5c illustrate other types of more conventional assemblies that the invention allows, cylindrical, cubic or parallelepipedic.
• Figure 6 is illustrated the ease of adding an electrical resistance
• This electrical resistance 12 made up of a 0.2 to 1 mm small diameter resistant filament will be wound around each filtering unit, the electrical connection of these resistances being carried out very simply on the metal assembly support 13 on the lower part and on the support.
• Figure 6 illustrates the use of electrical resistance on all filter units, as shown in Figure 6, may allow the temperature of these filter units to be raised each time clogging is detected, and to avoid using large electrical powers a system of electronic management will only connect a few units one after the other and in motor phases where the temperature is already high, for example reaching 550 ° C where the combustion of carbon particles is spontaneous and total.
• Figure 7 illustrates the use of square metal tubes 1 mm thick, joined to each other by welding to form this support metallic. This method of assembly makes it possible to produce any type of shape and not necessarily geometric.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Geometry (AREA)
• Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
• Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
• Filtering Materials (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

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Family Cites Families (4)

• 2002
  • 2002-05-29 FR FR0206533A patent/FR2840235A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
• 2003
  • 2003-05-28 AU AU2003255610A patent/AU2003255610A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2003-05-28 EP EP03755216A patent/EP1511550A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2003-05-28 WO PCT/FR2003/001609 patent/WO2003099420A2/fr not_active Ceased

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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