EP1545970B1 - Propulsion par jet d'eau pour navires - Google Patents

Propulsion par jet d'eau pour navires Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1545970B1
EP1545970B1 EP02785156A EP02785156A EP1545970B1 EP 1545970 B1 EP1545970 B1 EP 1545970B1 EP 02785156 A EP02785156 A EP 02785156A EP 02785156 A EP02785156 A EP 02785156A EP 1545970 B1 EP1545970 B1 EP 1545970B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
propeller
hydrojet
pump
housing
drive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02785156A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1545970A1 (fr
EP1545970B9 (fr
Inventor
Karl-Josef Becker
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1545970A1 publication Critical patent/EP1545970A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1545970B1 publication Critical patent/EP1545970B1/fr
Publication of EP1545970B9 publication Critical patent/EP1545970B9/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H11/00—Marine propulsion by water jets
    • B63H11/02—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water
    • B63H11/10—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water having means for deflecting jet or influencing cross-section thereof
    • B63H11/101—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water having means for deflecting jet or influencing cross-section thereof having means for deflecting jet into a propulsive direction substantially parallel to the plane of the pump outlet opening
    • B63H11/102—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water having means for deflecting jet or influencing cross-section thereof having means for deflecting jet into a propulsive direction substantially parallel to the plane of the pump outlet opening the inlet opening and the outlet opening of the pump being substantially coplanar
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H11/00—Marine propulsion by water jets
    • B63H11/02—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water
    • B63H11/04—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water by means of pumps
    • B63H11/08—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water by means of pumps of rotary type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H11/00—Marine propulsion by water jets
    • B63H11/02—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water
    • B63H11/10—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water having means for deflecting jet or influencing cross-section thereof
    • B63H11/107—Direction control of propulsive fluid

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a water jet drive for watercraft.
  • waterjet propulsion systems which are preferably arranged on the bow side in the ground area have proved to be suitable for improving the maneuverability.
  • Such water jet drives also referred to as bow jet systems, comprise a housing which can be installed in the respective vehicle floor and contains at least one propeller (or a pump impeller) which supplies energy to the water supplied via a bottom housing inlet and, for example, via a manifold and channels in the latter Direction radiates, or by at least one floor level and usually 360 ° swiveling outlet under the ship's bottom controls all around.
  • the axis of rotation of the propeller or the pump impeller extends either in the horizontal or vertical direction.
  • EP 0 024 443 A discloses a water jet drive for the bow control of a watercraft with a horizontally oriented propeller rotation axis.
  • the outlet opening for the water jet is in the direction of travel in front of the inlet opening, so that only a brake shoe and to support the rear-end rudder a maneuvering thrust can be generated.
  • the resulting turbulence and suction effects greatly increase the inlet losses and thus drastically reduce the thrust development in this control zone.
  • the propeller water which has also been sucked in at the same time, also contributes to the reduction in thrust, because it is less accelerated at higher entry speeds and thus produces less thrust.
  • Water jet drives with vertically oriented axis of rotation need for the over a bottom inlet horizontally arranged propeller (or pump impeller) Although a relatively small draft for air-free work, but have the disadvantage, inter alia, that such drives at low water depth (ie at less than, for example, about 50 cm Water under the keel) by their suction directed directly to the bottom create a strong suction, which increases the ship's resistance and affects the thrust development or completely collapse, when increasingly sucked foreign bodies enforce the usually existing protective grid.
  • a water jet drive for bow control for ships in which a propeller is provided, whose axis relative to a horizontal base has an inclination angle ⁇ 45 °.
  • the outlet opening for the water jet is in the direction of travel in front of the inlet opening.
  • the self-closing louvers arranged behind the propeller and the rudder effect which is efficient only in one beam direction, preclude the use of this drive for the generation of driving slip.
  • the invention is based on the object, as simple and inexpensive to produce water jet propulsion with a propeller pump for watercraft, especially for positive displacement vehicles indicate that generates an optimized thrust with optimized flow during maneuvering and increasing speed and better shallow water properties on-through the propeller, which is inclined towards the primary direction of flow, and the conical pump inlet nozzle, which avoids harmful accumulations of air in the upper intake area (in contrast to round intake nozzles), the intake behavior is partially influenced by partially dipping propeller blades. Compared with water jet drives with horizontal propeller axis of the required draft is well below.
  • the water jet drive consists of an insertable into the ship's bottom housing unit, which is formed from at least four interconnected housing sections: a preferably designed for displacement vehicles flush floor inlet - housing section, concentrically connected to a tubular pump housing section with an axis inclined to the horizontal. At the other end of this pump housing section an arcuate housing section is attached at the same inclination, which serves as a housing base with an integrated propeller shaft bearing and which is preferably formed by a commercially available 90 ° round arch, but can also be designed in any other way. At the other obliquely downward-pointing end of the arc a floor-mounted outlet housing section is added, in which there is a storage of a controllable Bodenumlenkgitters.
  • the inlet housing section is designed according to special shape and cross-sectional features, the different flow conditions (as in the suction - and supply operation in stationary pumps in a similar manner) best meet.
  • the inlet - housing contour above the inlet opening assumes a trapezoidal cross-section with rounded corners until the corner radii form a curved cross-section with a circular radius, to which a conical pump inlet nozzle attaches.
  • this inlet - housing section By aligning the contours of this inlet - housing section in the main direction of travel (ie straight ahead) and at the same time also lateral or oblique inflows be detected funnel-like, the water is optimally supplied to the propeller inclined to the flow.
  • the tubular pump housing section which is arranged between the inlet housing section and the pipe bend and which consists of a particularly corrosion - resistant. wear-resistant material is provided forms a centric pump housing with at least one propeller and behind fixed stator blades, which convert the spin energy into flow energy and at the same time serve as webs to support the central bearing hub, a propeller pump.
  • An alternative support of the bearing hub e.g. with spokes of round cross section, etc. is also conceivable and included.
  • the waterjet propulsion system is to be driven by an internal combustion engine
  • the engine and transmission can be aligned with each other on a common base frame and fixed, which in turn is then based as an elastically mounted unit mounted on the water jet propulsion consoles.
  • the turning stage of this marine gearbox can be used for flushing the inlet protection grille.
  • the inlet housing section can be designed in special installation-specific variants. For example, by making the entry level of the leading or a lateral leading edge a little higher u./od. By varying the inclination of the front or side casing surface, flat open areas can be created in the bow area or on the side of a watercraft so that additional (air-free) water can flow directly to the propeller from the front or from the side. (For example, in pontoon or double end ferries with lateral or diagonal jet installation.)
  • the waterjet propulsion system according to the invention can be used for different types of vessels and for different purposes, e.g. as a maneuvering u.
  • vehicle types are mainly inland vessels, such as cargo, passenger and work ships and ferries, landing craft, government vehicles and those with increased requirements for holding positions such. Fire-fighting boats, diver ships, measuring u. Laboratory vessels etc. into consideration.
  • the water jet drive according to the invention can also with appropriate design as a maneuvering in coastal u. Oceangoing ships are used.
  • an inventive water jet drive is referred to, driven either via a coaxially mounted electric motor 2 (in flange) or an axially parallel mounted electric motor 2 '(foot version) by means of belt drive 38 and corresponding reduction with the desired propeller speed or peripheral speed can be.
  • the water jet propulsion system 1 consists of a housing unit 3 which can be inserted into the ship bottom (not shown) and consists of four housing sections 4 - 7 connected to one another: a floor - mounted inlet housing section 4 preferably designed for positive displacement vehicles, to which a tubular pump housing section 5 concentrically surrounds Recording a propeller 10 connects.
  • the propeller rotation axis 9 and thus also the propeller shaft 11 are arranged at an angle of inclination ⁇ of preferably 28 ° with respect to a horizontal base formed by the base plate 20 of the housing unit 3.
  • a pipe bend 6 is added to the pump - housing section 5, which serves to support the propeller shaft 11 as a housing base and which may be a commercially available 90 ° - round arch.
  • a floor-mounted outlet housing section 7 with an outlet opening 15 is added, in which a pivotable Bodenumlenkgitter 16 is arranged to control the water jet.
  • control shaft 17 and the propeller shaft 11 concentric bearing stub 18, 19 are arranged on the round arch 6 to the respective shaft axes.
  • the water-conducting housing sections 4 - 7 and a bottom plate 20 connecting the inlet and outlet openings 13 and 15 are interconnected to form a pre-producible housing unit 3, which is provided with corresponding motor consoles 37 or foundation brackets 45, 46 for installation of the desired drive motor 2, 2 'and 40 can be completed.
  • housing unit 3 with an inspection cover on the idle water line (not shown) executable that allows inspection from the engine room and cleaning the inlet area.
  • the water is optimally supplied to the propeller 10, which is inclined towards the flow.
  • the FIG. 3 u. 4 obliquely outwardly issued side surfaces of the inlet housing section 4 are also detected with funnel-like effect oblique or lateral flows.
  • the contours of the inlet housing section 4 are selected such that the profiles of the tunnel cross sections 21, 22 in Fig. 3 u. 4 with respect to their height and their upper corner radii steadily increase until they form a tunnel with a circular curvature, to which a conical pump inlet nozzle 23 attaches. Below the propeller axis of rotation 9, the contour of the pump inlet nozzle 23 decreases until it merges into the bottom plate 20 downwards.
  • Alternative versions are conceivable and included.
  • a protective grid 24 against foreign bodies of detrimental size which either fixed - or shaking evt.
  • Foreign body - is pivotally mounted and disassembly easy accessibility of the inlet region and the propeller 10 for inspection , Maintenance and repair possible.
  • the tubular pump housing section 5 arranged between the inlet housing section 4 and the pipe bend 6 forms, with a narrow radial gap around at least one propeller 10, the pump housing and, together with the guide vanes 26 arranged behind it, which convert the swirl energy into flow energy and at the same time support the bearing hub 27 Serve, the propeller pump 8.
  • an alternative hub support for example, with unprofiled spokes (instead of 26) conceivable and included.
  • the propeller side Bearing hub 27 preferably includes a conventional water lubricated propeller shaft sleeve bearing 39.
  • the upper double-sealed propeller shaft bearing 28 is provided as a grease-lubricated roller bearing for receiving axial and radial loads and arranged in the attached to the pipe bend 6 bearing stub 19.
  • a bearing hub 30 which is supported via webs 29 is likewise arranged for receiving and supporting the floor deflection grille, wherein at least two webs 29 are arranged above the front floor half in such a way that they favor the flow guidance on or through the floor deflection grille 16.
  • the vertical control shaft 17 below preferably in a water-lubricated plain bearing 31 and above in a sealed on both sides and greased roller bearing 32, which can accommodate axial and radial loads stored in the bearing stub 18 of the housing unit 3.
  • a drive hub 33 for the (not shown) control drive and a small output hub 34 for the (not shown) optical u. elec. Thrust direction indicator arranged.
  • the electric motor 2 (in flange design) is connected via an elastic shaft coupling 35 with the propeller shaft 11 and mounted via a coaxial bell housing 36 on the bearing neck 19 of the housing unit 3.
  • the use of an electric motor 2 '(in complicataus Entry) and a corresponding high-performance belt drive 38 for driving the propeller shaft 11 allow the adaptation of frequency-dependent engine speeds to a single propeller speed or to a certain peripheral speed.
  • the electric motors 2, 2 ' can be installed either in front of the propeller shaft 11 or by means of an axially parallel motor bracket 37 above or laterally on the housing unit 3 of the water jet drive 1 ready for use drive unit.
  • an internal combustion engine 40 for driving the water jet drive 1 is provided.
  • the internal combustion engine 40 with the torsionally flexible engine clutch 41 attached thereto is together with a commercial marine gearbox 42, preferably in a V version (ie, the horizontal drive and the inclined output axles form one "Lying V") mounted on a common base frame 43 and positioned so that the connecting propeller shaft 44 results in a W - arrangement with two equal diffraction angles in a permissible size.
  • the base frame 43 is aligned on foundation brackets 45, 46, which are arranged on the housing unit 3, at least four points via rubber - metal - damping elements 47 to the propeller shaft 11 and elastically mounted. Load-dependent displacements or deflections are compensated by the elastic shaft coupling 48 in double cardan design.
  • the rubber-metal damping elements 47 and the two elastic elements of the coupling 48 simultaneously serve to effectively dampen the transmission of vibrations and structure-borne noise to the water-jet drive 1 and thus to the hull.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiment described above.
  • the water-jet drive can in principle also be designed with a two-stage propeller pump (pump with a propeller shaft 11 and two propellers 10 with guide vanes 26 therebetween).
  • the water jet drive 1 can in principle also be realized with a variable pitch propeller pump, in which case the propeller shaft 11 is hollow drilled in order, for example, to guide an actuating rod or lines for adjusting the propeller blades (or the propeller pitch).
  • the device for pitch adjustment in front of the bearing neck 19 on the water jet drive 1 can be mounted.
  • an extended actuating rod through the shaft coupling 48 and the hollow-drilled output shaft of the marine gear 42 can be passed, so that the adjustment - as usual - outside the marine gearbox 42 is attachable.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Propulsion par jet d'eau pour bateaux, ayant les caractéristiques suivantes :
    a) la propulsion par jet d'eau (1) comprend une unité de carter (3) pouvant être montée dans le fond du bateau en question, qui contient au moins une hélice (10) pouvant tourner autour d'un axe d'hélice (9), qui refoule l'eau entrant dans celle-ci par une ouverture d'entrée (13) du côté du fond et par une section d'entrée du carter (4) de l'unité de carter (3), à travers un arc (6) et à travers une grille de déviation d'arc (16) pouvant tourner au moyen d'un arbre de commande (17) dans une ouverture de sortie (15) de l'unité de carter (3), raccordée au fond, et qui la projette ainsi en dessous de l'unité de carter (3) ;
    b) la propulsion par jet d'eau (1) est réalisée de telle sorte que la section d'entrée du carter (4), lors de l'utilisation conforme de la propulsion par jet d'eau (1), soit orientée dans la direction de conduite principale et que l'ouverture d'entrée (13), du côté du fond, de l'unité de carter soit disposée avant l'ouverture de sortie (15) ;
    caractérisée en ce que
    c) l'hélice (10) forme au moins, avec l'arbre d'hélice (11) disposé du côté refoulement dans l'arc (6) et avec une section de carter à pompe (5) de l'unité de carter (3), une pompe d'hélice (8) qui est en liaison fonctionnelle avec un entraînement (2, 2', 40) et
    d) l'axe de rotation de l'hélice (9), s'étendant obliquement vers le bas vers l'ouverture d'entrée (13) de l'unité de carter (3), de l'hélice (10) inclinée dans la direction d'afflux primaire, présente, par rapport à la plaque de fond (20) en tant que base horizontale (12), un angle d'inclinaison (α) compris entre 20° et 50°.
  2. Propulsion par jet d'eau selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'axe de rotation de l'hélice (9) présente, par rapport à la plaque de fond (20) en tant que base horizontale, un angle d'inclinaison (α) compris entre 25° et 40°.
  3. Propulsion par jet d'eau selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que l'unité de carter (3) de la propulsion par jet d'eau (1) se compose d'au moins quatre sections de carter (4-7) connectées les unes aux autres : une section d'entrée du carter (4), à travers laquelle l'eau parvient à la pompe (8), une section de carter à pompe (5) de forme tubulaire entourant l'hélice (10), une section de carter en forme d'arc (6) pour dévier le flux d'eau et une section de sortie de carter (7) pourvue d'une grille de déviation de fond (16) pivotante.
  4. Propulsion par jet d'eau selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que le contour de la section d'entrée du carter (4) au-dessus de l'ouverture d'entrée (13) forme une section transversale en forme de tunnel trapézoïdale (21), qui forme une section transversale en forme de tunnel (22) de forme courbe circulaire dans son étendue ascendante suivante, puis se prolonge par le biais d'une buse d'entrée de pompe (23) conique en une section transversale circulaire, qui débouche de manière concentrique dans la section de carter à pompe (5) de l'unité de carter (3).
  5. Propulsion par jet d'eau selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisée en ce que la section de carter en forme d'arc (6) est un arc tubulaire à 90°.
  6. Propulsion par jet d'eau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que l'entraînement (2, 2') de la pompe (8) est un moteur électrique qui est fixé soit du côté frontal soit parallèlement à l'axe de l'arbre d'hélice (11) à l'unité de carter (3).
  7. Propulsion par jet d'eau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que l'entraînement (40) de la pompe (8) est un moteur à combustion interne qui est fixé sur l'unité de carter (3), l'entraînement (40) et l'arbre d'hélice (11) étant connectés par au moins une transmission (42) dont l'entrée de force et la sortie de force sont prévues du même côté.
  8. Propulsion par jet d'eau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce qu'une grille de protection (24) est disposée dans la section d'entrée du carter (4) de l'unité de carter (3).
  9. Propulsion par jet d'eau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisée en ce que la pompe (8) dans l'unité de carter (3) est une pompe axiale à deux étages qui présente sur l'arbre d'hélice (11) deux hélices (10) et au moins une aube directrice (26) située entre elles, pour redresser l'écoulement.
  10. Propulsion par jet d'eau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisée en ce que l'hélice (10) de la pompe (8) est une hélice à pales orientables.
EP02785156A 2002-10-04 2002-10-04 Propulsion par jet d'eau pour navires Expired - Lifetime EP1545970B9 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2002/011114 WO2004033289A1 (fr) 2002-10-04 2002-10-04 Propulsion par jet d'eau pour navires

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1545970A1 EP1545970A1 (fr) 2005-06-29
EP1545970B1 true EP1545970B1 (fr) 2007-03-14
EP1545970B9 EP1545970B9 (fr) 2007-08-15

Family

ID=32087929

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02785156A Expired - Lifetime EP1545970B9 (fr) 2002-10-04 2002-10-04 Propulsion par jet d'eau pour navires

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US7143707B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1545970B9 (fr)
AT (1) ATE356746T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2002350486A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE50209743D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2283615T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT1545970E (fr)
WO (1) WO2004033289A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102001416A (zh) * 2010-11-17 2011-04-06 哈尔滨工程大学 船艏消波装置
RU2486100C2 (ru) * 2011-09-22 2013-06-27 Роман Геннадьевич Строителев Водометный движитель
US10597129B1 (en) 2013-03-15 2020-03-24 Stefan Broinowski Marine ducted propeller mass flux propulsion system
US20160031540A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2016-02-04 Stefan Broinowski Marine ducted propeller jet propulsion system
CN104108461A (zh) * 2014-07-02 2014-10-22 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 一种喷水推进装置转舵喷嘴控制系统及其控制方法
CN108001609A (zh) * 2017-11-16 2018-05-08 张善沐 一种减小轮船航行阻力的装置
RU2751366C1 (ru) * 2020-12-03 2021-07-13 федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Уфимский государственный авиационный технический университет" Водометная движительная установка
US11643168B1 (en) * 2022-04-05 2023-05-09 Victor Rafael Cataluna Through-hull passive inboard hydro-generator for a marine vessel

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB866033A (en) * 1958-12-22 1961-04-26 Gill Pump And Propulsion Co Lt Hydraulic jet propulsion apparatus for water-borne vessels
GB1043352A (en) * 1963-10-28 1966-09-21 Hovercraft Dev Ltd Improvements relating to vehicles operative over water
US3237585A (en) * 1965-06-01 1966-03-01 Duncan K Winter Vessel control means
NL7209714A (fr) * 1971-07-27 1973-01-30
EP0024443A1 (fr) * 1979-08-23 1981-03-11 Machinefabriek en Reparatiebedrijf Lips-Keller B.V. Dispositif de gouverne de proue d'un navire formant une unité de construction
US5123867A (en) 1990-05-10 1992-06-23 Stefan Broinowski Marine jet propulsion unit
CH688105A5 (fr) * 1993-02-03 1997-05-15 Jose Murga Ensemble pompe ou turbine à flux axial et machine électrique.
JPH0789489A (ja) 1993-09-22 1995-04-04 Sanshin Ind Co Ltd 水噴射推進装置
US5520558A (en) * 1994-12-01 1996-05-28 Yamaha Hatsadoki Kabushiki Kaisha Jet propulsion unit for a watercraft

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PT1545970E (pt) 2007-06-04
EP1545970A1 (fr) 2005-06-29
ES2283615T3 (es) 2007-11-01
US20060003643A1 (en) 2006-01-05
WO2004033289A1 (fr) 2004-04-22
DE50209743D1 (de) 2007-04-26
ATE356746T1 (de) 2007-04-15
EP1545970B9 (fr) 2007-08-15
AU2002350486A1 (en) 2004-05-04
US7143707B2 (en) 2006-12-05

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