Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
  • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
  • H01R4/58—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation characterised by the form or material of the contacting members
  • H01R4/66—Connections with the terrestrial mass, e.g. earth plate, earth pin

Definitions

• the subject of the invention is the earth rod and a way to drive the earth rod into the ground.
• the earth rod is a component part of electrical power and telecommunication devices and a part of lightning, surge and electric shock protection systems.
• the rod is introduced into the ground to a preset depth and then is connected by a conductor with the named equipment or installations.
• the rod must feature a low resistance, continued throughout a whole operation period and an ability to transfer high surge currents.
• the rod shall also have a high tensile strength permitting to drive it to the depth of several to a dozen or so meters into a soil of differentiated hardness, as well as a good corrosion resistance, ensuring at least 30 years of rod life.
• Known earth rods consist of one, severed or a higher number of interconnected elements, what depends upon the depth they should be driven to.
• a first rod element is tapered at the end or fitted with a sharp tip, and the last element is connected with a clamp.
• the tip shall make rod driving easier, especially in hard soils, whereas the clamp is for connecting the rod with the conductor.
• the earth rod consisting of segments in form of common structural steel bars, hot dip galvanized.
• the segments are joined mechanically using sleeve- and -taper joints.
• the first segment ends in a taper in the lower part, and features a cylindrical tapered pin in the upper part for joining with the other segment. Every other segment has a cylindrical tapered seat in the lower part and a cylindrical tapered pin in the upper part, like in the first segment.
• the cylindrical tapered seat has an expanding sleeve pressed in.
• earth rod consisting of segments in form of steel bars with electroplated copper coating.
• the copper coat is at least 0.25 mm thick. Bar ends are threaded permitting rod joining using connectors made from bronze or a so-called
• Steel bar serves the same purpose as in the previous solution. While the purpose of the copper coating is to prevent corrosion and ensure a low earthing resistance. However during rod driving into the ground there can occur deep copper coat scratches, exposing steel underneath. Such places become chemical corrosion centres, penetrating under copper and causing its falling off.
• the earth rod including interconnected bar members, each consisting of a copper tube in the opening of which there is a steel core - in form of a steel bar. Bar members in the place of joining feature an external union piece. One end of the earth rod bar member is equipped with a sharp tip while the other end of the earth rod is fitted with a threaded end.
• the earth rod as per invention consists of strictlyn" interconnected elements, the first of which is fitted with a sharp tip, consisting of a head and a rod, and the last element is fitted with a clamp, serving to connect the earth rod with a conductor, whereas each of
• n elements is a tube made from highly electrically conducting and a corrosion resistant material, and the first element tube is connected with the sharp tip rod and fitted with a plug, placed over a rod and the last element tube ends in a stopper. It is advantageous if the tube and the sleeve are made from electrolytic copper. It is also advantageous if the sleeve is of expanding kind.
• the tube constituting earth rod elements can be perforated on its cylindrical surface.
• the earth rod as per invention consists of hopefullyn" interconnected elements, of which the first is fitted with a sharp tip, consisting of a head and a rod, and the last element is fitted with a clamp, serving to connect the earth rod with a conductor
• each of "n" elements consists of two tubes: external one made from highly electrically conducting and a corrosion resistant material, and internal one made from a highly tensile material, where the external tube is seated partly on internal tube and these elements are joined together by connectors, of which each connector is shaped like a sleeve and is made from highly electrically conducting and a corrosion resistant material.
• External tubes of "n" earth rod elements contact each other and in contact places feature internal necks of a size enabling seating connector sleeves, whereas the first element internal tube is connected with the sharp tip rod and fitted with a plug, placed over a rod and the last element external tube ends in a stopper. It is advantageous if the external tube and the sleeve are made from electrolytic copper. It is also advantageous if the sleeve is of expanding kind.
• the external tube and internal tube, constituting earth rod elements can be perforated on its cylindrical surface.
• the earth rod as per invention consists of hopefullyn" interconnected elements, of which the first is fitted with a sharp tip, consisting of a head and a rod, and the last element is fitted with a clamp, serving to connect the earth rod with a conductor
• each of "n" elements consists of a tube made from highly electrically conducting and a corrosion resistant material, and a sheet of a highly tensile material, coiled and without joined edges, where the tube is seated partly on a coiled sheet and these elements are joined together by connectors, of which each connector is shaped like a sleeve and is made from highly electrically conducting and a corrosion resistant material.
• Tubes of "n" earth rod elements contact each other and in contact places feature internal necks of a size enabling seating connector sleeves, whereas the first element roll is connected with the sharp tip rod and fitted with a plug, placed over a rod and the last element tube ends in a stopper.
• the external tube and the roll are made from electrolytic copper.
• the tube and the roll, constituting earth rod elements can be perforated on its cylindrical surface.
• the way of sinking the earth rod in the ground consists as per invention in that a loose or fluid material is introduced inside the earth rod and acts by force on this material, via a ram.
• a dry sand or a mixture of dry sand with a water-soluble substance, which after dissolving becomes electrolyte can be used as a loose material.
• connection sleeves in the earth rod as per invention from the same material the external rod elements are made of ensures optimum electric conduction by the rod (current flows in the same material alongside the whole rod length).
• the earth rod has the same thickness along its whole length what facilitates its sinking in the ground.
• Employing additional materials for making the earth rod, in form of the internal tube or a roll with edges not connected together makes sinking the rod into hard ground possible.
• perforated earth rod elements allows for chemical substances, introduced earlier inside the earth rod, seeping into the ground around the earth rod. Thanks to this, applying the substances acting as electrolytes, it is possible to reach a required earthing resistance in very high resistivity soils ( over 1000 ⁇ m ).
• This solution enables a precise electrolyte introduction into soil, namely below tree roots. Thanks to this it is possible to obtain a required earthing resistance without a negative impact on the environment. Not the least advantage of the earth rod is a possibility of a correct clamp fitting in case the earth rod cannot be sunk to a required depth and therefore the last element has to be shortened.
• Fig.1 shows in a longitudinal cross-section the earth rod, wherein each of "n" elements is a tube made from highly electrically conducting and a corrosion resistant material
• Fig.2 shows the side view of a sleeve executed as the expanding sleeve
• Fig.3 the top view of this sleeve
• Fig.4 shows the earth rod tube fitted with perforation
• Fig.5 shows in a longitudinal view the earth rod
• Fig.6 shows a side view of the element composed of two tubes fitted with a perforation
• Fig.7 shows in a longitudinal view the earth rod, where each of "n” elements is composed of a tube and a coiled sheet
• Fig.8 shows a side view of the element composed of a tube and a roll, both fitted with a perforation.
• the earth rod shown in Fig.l consists of "n" interconnected Ej...Eg elements, of which the first Ej element is fitted with a sharp tip 1, consisting of a head 2 and a pin 3 , and the last element Eg is fitted with a clamp 4 .
• Each of counseln" elements Ei ...Eg is a tube 5 made of electrolytic copper.
• E ⁇ ...Eg elements are joined together using Z 1 ...Z a - 1 connectors, of which each Zj...Zg-i connnector is shaped like a sleeve 6 and is made of electrolytic copper.
• Tube 5 of the first element E_ ⁇ is joined to the pin 3 of the sharp tip 1 and is fitted with a stopper 7 , placed over the pin 3 .
• Tube 5 of the last element En ends in a plug 8.
• the sleeve 6 is the expanding sleeve 9 .
• the earth rod shown in Fig.5, consists of "n" interconnected E ⁇ ...Eg elements, of which the first Ej element is fitted with a sharp tip L, consisting of a head 2 and a pin 3 , and the last element E n is fitted with a clamp 4 .
• Each of counseln" elements E I ...E JJ is composed of two tubes: external 12 made of electrolytic copper and internal . 13 from a highly tensile material, of which external tube 12 seats partly on internal tube 13.
• Ej...En elements are joined together using Zi...Zg-i connectors, of which each Zj...Z g -i connnector is shaped like a sleeve 14 and is made of electrolytic copper.
• Eg rod elements contact each other and have internal necks 16 in contact places, of the size enabling seating sleeves 14 of Z ⁇ '...Z n - ⁇ ' connectors.
• Internal tube 13 of the first element Ei is joined to the pin 3 of the sharp tip 1 and is fitted with a stopper 7, placed over the pin 3 and the internal tube 12 of the last element Eg ends in a plug 8.
• the earth rod shown in Fig.7 consists of "n" interconnected E ⁇ ...Eg elements, of which the first Ej element is fitted with a sharp tip 1, consisting of a head 2 and a pin 3 , and the last element Eg is fitted with a clamp 4 .
• Each of counseln" elements Ej...E g is a tube 21 made of electrolytic copper and a sheet of a highly tensile material, coiled into a roll
• each connector is shaped like a sleeve, of which each Z ⁇ ...Zg- ⁇ connnector is shaped like a sleeve 24 and is made of electrolytic copper.
• Tubes 21 of E 1 ...E-, rod elements contact each other and have internal necks 26 in contact places 25 of the size enabling seating sleeves 24 of Z ⁇ '...Zg_ ⁇ ' connectors.
• the roll 22 of the first element Ei is joined to the pin 3 of the sharp tip 1 and is fitted with a stopper 7, placed over the pin 3 and the tube 21 of the last element Eg ends in a plug 8.

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• 2002
  • 2002-10-16 PL PL02356674A patent/PL356674A1/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
• 2003
  • 2003-10-14 WO PCT/IB2003/004503 patent/WO2004036694A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2003-10-14 EP EP03751106A patent/EP1554782A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2003-10-14 AU AU2003271048A patent/AU2003271048A1/en not_active Abandoned

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