EP1559767A2 - Verfahren und Anlage zum Recyclen und Verwerten von organischen Abfällen sowie alten Reifen und gummierten Abfällen - Google Patents

Verfahren und Anlage zum Recyclen und Verwerten von organischen Abfällen sowie alten Reifen und gummierten Abfällen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1559767A2
EP1559767A2 EP20040090259 EP04090259A EP1559767A2 EP 1559767 A2 EP1559767 A2 EP 1559767A2 EP 20040090259 EP20040090259 EP 20040090259 EP 04090259 A EP04090259 A EP 04090259A EP 1559767 A2 EP1559767 A2 EP 1559767A2
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EP
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Prior art keywords
waste
reactor
roasting
bell
point
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Application number
EP20040090259
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Ingo Schramm
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Individual
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Individual
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • C10G1/10—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste

Definitions

  • the main object of the present invention is the process and construction of a plant for the recycling of organic, including gummed waste.
  • the operation of such plants helps to reduce organic waste and to recycle the waste materials as starting materials for new production processes.
  • processes are known in the recycling of waste materials, which use the process of pyrolysis.
  • organic compounds having a larger molecular weight are decomposed under the influence of high temperatures and with the exclusion of oxygen into lower molecular weight organic chemical compounds. These can in turn be decomposed into simple, harmless substances for the environment.
  • Organic waste which usually has a solid consistency, turns into gaseous, liquid or solid end products after pyrolysis.
  • German patent DE 43 27 953A1 One of the known technical solutions, which considers the recycling of organic waste, is described in a German patent DE 43 27 953A1.
  • the waste enters the interior of a rotary reactor, which has the form of a cylindrical drum whose axis is placed horizontally.
  • the thermal decomposition takes place in the reactor at a temperature of about 500 ° C and undersupply of oxygen. This makes complete incineration of waste impossible.
  • the end product is obtained solids of solid consistency, which are burned after crushing again in a high temperature reactor and brought out in the form of a liquid slag.
  • a similarly constructed plant for the recycling of organic waste is from the US US Pat. No. 5,082,534. She is for a thermal decomposition of plastics, used tires, old clothes, food waste, etc.
  • the attachment consists of a cylindrical kiln, whose rotary drum is located inside the Housing is located. The common axis of both parts of the oven is oblique to the plane inclined.
  • the waste is sent to the oven through an opening at the bottom of the oven fed. Through another opening are those arising from combustion gaseous products, discharged. Through even deeper openings, on opposite carrier of the furnace further end products of the pyrolysis are removed.
  • the reactor described therein consists of a vertical cylindrical container whose lower base fixed to the cylindrical jacket is connected. The upper cover of the reactor can be mounted. Of the Reactor casing is equipped with a thermal insulation and heating elements that maintaining a constant temperature inside the reactor during combustion enable. By piping gaseous end products of pyrolysis are removed and added a coolant.
  • a rationalization possibility of heating the pyrolysis furnace describes a Polish Patent PL 176 676. From the technical description of the furnace it can be seen that this from a cylindrical rotary drum in a stationary housing with built-in Burners exists. The axes of the burners are tangential to the outer surface of the Rotary drum attached. The waste is transported by pipeline into the drum. The pipeline ends at the base of the horizontally positioned rotary drum. The opposite side of the rotary drum base is equipped with a collecting chamber for solid, liquid and gaseous end products of the decomposition process connected.
  • thermal burning of the organic and rubberized wastes and their reuse as raw materials for the industry is considered to be the main objective. Furthermore, the aim is to achieve the lowest possible level of harmless final waste for the environment.
  • the novelty of this invention with respect to the recovery of organic substances is that in an isolated main boiler (reactor) organic waste are heated under oxygen deficiency up to 400 ° C to 650 ° C and thermally decomposed in a period of 4 to 10 hours. The resulting vapors and gases are intensively cooled and condensed in a pressure range of 5 kPa to 25 kPa.
  • the solid components of the thermal combustion are roasted at a temperature of 800 ° C to 1000 ° C for 4 to 5 hours in the isolated room of a roaster (reactor) under oxygen deficiency.
  • the resulting vapors are cooled and condensed under the pressure of 5 kPa to 35 kPa.
  • Another special feature of this new development is the pretreatment of the organic waste quantities before the thermal decomposition.
  • the organic waste is impregnated with potassium iodine in water (in the concentration of 2 to 6 mass parts of potassium iodine of 100 mass parts of water solution).
  • New to this method is also the cooling of the final products after roasting to below 80 ° C and the sorting and separation of solid end constituents.
  • the separation takes place first by mechanical separation (vibrating sieves). Furthermore, the sorting is carried out by sedimentation of individual products in a liquid. Characteristic of this method is further that the gaseous, liquid and solid end products have the temperatures of below 80 ° C, are kept under conditions of oxygen deficiency.
  • the new, described here plant for the recycling of organic waste is that it consists of two groups.
  • the first group represents an installation for the thermal decomposition of waste.
  • the essence of the main boiler (reactor) is that it is located directly above the heat sources (gas burners and electric heating coils) at the heating base.
  • the main boiler (reactor) is surrounded by a thermal insulation and a bell.
  • the space above the main boiler and the bell is hermetically sealed from above by a conical lid.
  • the edge of the lid simultaneously closes off the condensation channel.
  • Another special feature is the presence of two tanks located in the main boiler and removable upwards, which collect organic waste.
  • a special feature of the invention is also the heating base with two heat sources, a gas burner and electric heating coils.
  • the peculiarity of the annular condensation channel is that it is located between the outer wall of the thermally insulated bell and the inner wall of the radiator.
  • the special feature of the conical cover (conical with a flat inclination) is that it is firmly connected to an axial, thermally insulated pipe socket.
  • the edge of the lid rests freely on the upper edge of the housing. Between the lid and the upper edge of the housing is a high temperature resistant seal.
  • the walls of the housing and the lid are made of a material with a high thermal conductivity.
  • the new, here described plant for recycling organic waste is the presence of a second group of plant for roasting solid waste products of thermal decomposition.
  • the essence of the roaster (reactor) in the second group is that it is located directly above the heat sources (electric heating coils) on the heating base.
  • the roasting kettle is surrounded by a thermal insulation and a bell.
  • the space above the roaster kettle and bell is hermetically sealed from above by a conical lid.
  • the edge of the lid simultaneously closes off the condensation channel.
  • the special feature is that in the roasting kettle, a removable container for collecting solid end products of thermal decomposition is located. It is essential that there is a heating source in the form of several electric heating coils at the heating base.
  • annular condensation channel is located between the outer wall of the thermally insulated bell and the inner wall of the radiator.
  • a special feature of the conical lid of the second group of the plant is based on the fact that this is double-walled. Both walls are parallel to each other. Between the walls there are openings for a free circulation of the cooling air streams.
  • One major advantage is the possibility of transporting the plant close to landfills, which significantly reduces the costs of waste transport and thus reduces the overall cost of recycling waste. Furthermore, the recycling process is carried out under low pressure conditions in the reactors (boilers) of the two groups of the plant, which increases the safety of the plant and at the same time allows condensation of the vapors of the liquid waste products at lower temperatures. As a result, the necessary energy consumption in the recycling of waste is significantly reduced.
  • Fig. 1 shows the axisymmetric section of the first group of the invention - the plant for the thermal decomposition of organic waste.
  • Fig. 2 shows the cross section of the same group of the system at the cutting plane, which was designated on Figure 1 with AA.
  • the construction of the roaster as a second essential part of the system Fig. 3 shows (axisymmetric section).
  • Fig. 4 shows the cross section of the roaster at the point which has been marked on Fig. 3 with the line BB.
  • the plant for recycling and recycling organic wastes as well as old tires and gummed waste shows on Fig. 1 and 2, the group for thermal decomposition.
  • 1 In two containers 2, which are housed in the main boiler (reactor) 3 , waste is stored. Both containers can be removed after the removal of the lid 4 upwards.
  • the conical lid lies on the upper edge of the housing 6 . In between there is a high temperature resistant seal. 5
  • the interior of the main boiler (reactor) 3 is surrounded by a thermally insulated double-walled bell 7 .
  • the space between the walls fills a thick layer of thermal insulation 8 . Close to the wall of the bell is the annular condensation channel .
  • 9 Adjacent to the inner wall of this channel is a cooler 10 filled with coolant.
  • the heating base 11 On the heating base 11 , two heat sources, a gas burner 12 and a plurality of electric heating coils 13 are mounted. In the middle of the conical lid 4, along its axis, there is a pipe socket 14, equipped with a thermal protection hood 15th All gaseous products of thermal decomposition are discharged through the valve 16 to the outside and all liquid products resulting from condensation of the vapors are discharged from the condensation channel 9 through the valve 17 . The cooling liquid is introduced into the radiator through the valve 18 and discharged through the valve 19 from the radiator.
  • the described invention a plant for recycling and recycling organic waste (old tires and gummed waste), also consists of a roaster, which is shown in Figs. 3 and 4. Inside the roaster (reactor) 22 is a container 23 which can be removed after removal of the lid 24 upwards. The conical cover is located on the upper edge of the housing 25. In between there is a high temperature resistant seal 26th The inside of the roaster kettle is surrounded by a thermo-insulated, double-walled bell 27 . The space between the walls fills a layer of thermal insulation 28 . Between the outer wall of the bell and the radiator 29 is the annular condensation channel 30th This catches liquid end products after the condensation of the vapors during the roasting of the waste.
  • a heating source in the form of electric spirals 32 is mounted on the heating base 31 .
  • All gaseous products are discharged to the outside through the valve 33 after the waste has been roasted.
  • All liquid products are discharged from the condensation channel 30 through the valve 34 .
  • the coolant is supplied into the radiator through the valve 35 and discharged through the valve 36 .
  • the conical lid 24 of the roaster is double-walled. Both walls are conical with a flat slope and run parallel to each other. Between the walls, the cooling air can circulate freely. The circulation is made possible by air openings 37 at the bottom of the lid.
  • the process of operating the new plant is as follows: First, the gummed waste is washed and dried, the organic ones are not. Thereafter, the surface is impregnated. For impregnation, a potassium iodine solution is used. The solution is prepared by dissolving 3 parts by weight of potassium iodine in 97 parts by weight of water. In the next step, the wastes provided undergo thermal decomposition. A technical representation of this part (the group) of the thermal decomposition plant is shown schematically in FIGS. 1 and 2. During this stage, the waste enters the container 2 . In an insulated room of the main boiler (reactor) 1 , they are heated up to 550 ° C and remain there for 8 hours.
  • the solid end products of the thermal decomposition are subjected to the process of roasting in the second part of the plant.
  • a technical representation of this part of the roasting plant is shown schematically in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the solids after thermal decomposition are conveyed to the roaster.
  • carbon dioxide is blown into the roasting boiler (reactor), in which there is an oxygen deficiency.
  • the roaster (reactor) 21 Inside the roaster (reactor) 21 , the solid end components are heated up to 900 ° C and roasted for 5 hours at this temperature. This leads to the separation of the remaining liquid and gaseous end products.
  • intensive cooling of the upper walls of the roasting boiler on the one hand condensation of vapors from liquid end products and on the other hand, a cooling of the gases is achieved.
  • the roaster kettle has a maximum pressure of 15 kPa. These low pressure conditions allow complete condensation of the vapors of the liquid end products at relatively low temperatures.
  • the cooled to 80 ° C gases and liquid end products are discharged from the roasting boiler to the outside.
  • the gaseous products are stored in a gas boiler for further use.
  • the remaining solid residues are mechanically sorted (vibrating sieves and magnetic separation).
  • sorting the useful end products (activated carbon and steel scrap) are separated from the non-recyclable ones.
  • Another sorting method is based on the sedimentation of the metal dust in a liquid, for example in alcohol. Sorting by sedimentation is based on different specific weights (or density) of the individual dust constituents.
  • the non-recyclable waste which represents less than 5% of the original organic waste, is harmless to the environment.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
EP20040090259 2004-01-27 2004-06-24 Verfahren und Anlage zum Recyclen und Verwerten von organischen Abfällen sowie alten Reifen und gummierten Abfällen Withdrawn EP1559767A2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL04364607A PL364607A1 (pl) 2004-01-27 2004-01-27 Sposób i instalacja do utylizacji odpadów organicznych, zwłaszcza odpadów zawierających gumę
PL36460704 2004-01-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1559767A2 true EP1559767A2 (de) 2005-08-03

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EP20040090259 Withdrawn EP1559767A2 (de) 2004-01-27 2004-06-24 Verfahren und Anlage zum Recyclen und Verwerten von organischen Abfällen sowie alten Reifen und gummierten Abfällen

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EP (1) EP1559767A2 (pl)
PL (1) PL364607A1 (pl)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015180704A1 (de) * 2014-05-26 2015-12-03 Hilmar Hubbes Verfahren der aufbereitung von polymeren abfällen

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015180704A1 (de) * 2014-05-26 2015-12-03 Hilmar Hubbes Verfahren der aufbereitung von polymeren abfällen
EA032653B1 (ru) * 2014-05-26 2019-06-28 Хильмар Хуббес Способ переработки полимерных отходов
US10465122B2 (en) 2014-05-26 2019-11-05 Hilmar Hubbes Method for processing polymeric waste

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Publication number Publication date
PL364607A1 (pl) 2005-08-08

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