EP1564332A2 - Milling machine and method for working the soil - Google Patents

Abstract

In a milling machine (1) for processing ground surfaces, comprising a machine frame (2), a milling drum (8) mounted on the machine frame (2), at least one transport device (14, 18) arranged on the machine frame (2), which mills the milled surface Material (3) from the milling drum (8) takes over, and with a suction device (20) for the polluted with dusts and vapors air, wherein the milled material (3) on the at least one transport device (14, 18) of a channel (16 ), the suction device (20) is connected to a material transport direction rear channel section (16a) of the channel (16) and sucks the contaminated air during milling on the milling drum (8) and in the front channel section (16) substantially in the material transport direction , it is provided that the suction device (20) consists of a suction fan (28), a separator for solids and a suction channel (24) which at the rear Kana Is connected to the suction section (16a) that the suction fan (28) is arranged downstream of the separator, and that the suction disposed of the separated solids on the transport device (18) in a material transport direction front channel section (16b) or in a collecting device and the suction fan ( 28) blows the cleaned air into the environment. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a milling machine for processing ground surfaces, in particular roadways, according to the preamble of claim 1, and a method to dispose of dust generated during milling and steaming on a milling machine according to the preamble of claim 9.

Such milling machines are self-propelled and are also called street milling machines designated.

A front loading router according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from DE 102 23 819 A1. The well-known road milling machines have a self-propelled Chassis with a chassis consisting of several wheel drives or several crawler drives. The chassis carries a machine frame, in which a milling drum transverse to Direction is stored. In order to remove as much as possible from the milled To reach material, the milling drum is usually of a housing surrounded, in which the pointing in the direction of travel wall as a cover is formed with a passage opening for the milled material. That from the milling drum processed material is taken from a first conveyor belt, that the processed material at the front end of the milling machine transferred to a discharge conveyor for transport to a loading area of a truck in the inclination and is laterally pivotable.

It is already known from DE 102 23 189 A1 and EP 0 971 075 A1, which To provide conveyor belts of a road milling machine with a hood to the resulting Vacuum dust on the milling drum and under the bonnet of the conveyor belts and to dispose of it via a blower and possibly a cyclone.

In EP 0 971 075 A1, it is proposed that the dust be directed against the material transport direction suck off and a blower and a cyclone at the rear Dispose of the end of the road milling machine. The disadvantage here is that a suction takes place at the conveyor belts against the transport direction. This will the dusty air in the direction of travel to the rear and against the actual Material transport direction aspirated, creating a significant overhead for the equipment of the machine and a much higher air flow capacity required is. The separated with the help of the fan and a downstream cyclone Particles are thrown to the ground surface, causing the just milled soil surface is again contaminated. The one at the back End cyclone separator can only segregate the coarser particles not the respirable particulate matter, so the arrangement of the air outlet arranged at the rear end of the road milling machine too close to the control station is. This causes the dusts and fumes at the rear end of the milling machine blown off near the helm. Furthermore, the fan transports the dust-laden air, allowing high wear to a short life of the blower leads.

From DE 102 23 189 A1 it is therefore known that the hoods on the Subdivide transport channel formed, and the milling to remove polluted air in the material transport direction. This will be the advantage Achieved that the dusts and vapors at a considerably further from the control station disposed of dust and dust on disposal the truck can arise, where dust is inevitable anyway, and not in addition to the road milling machine near the helm.

According to the prior art, the suction device has a suction channel arranged axial fan, due to the high load with Dusts and sharp-edged particles are subject to severe wear and tear ultimately results in reduced air output and bearing damage. The fan blades of the axial fan are due to the impact and the deflection of the high-speed particles supplied strong worn and damaged. When aspirating larger particles and small stones are also other parts of the blower mechanically damaged, with at Damage to the fan blades often also imbalances occur in the further operation may lead to bearing damage. In a repair is disadvantageous that the fan is located in a hard to reach place and therefore a Repair leads to a major business interruption. Finally, due transport of dusts and sharp particles the fan be designed so that the game between the fan blades and the walls the blower is larger, so that the air performance and efficiency of such a fan for dust and particle laden air is lower.

Another disadvantage is that the dusts in relation to the Control station at a remote location but still blown off into the environment so that, albeit a lesser burden on the job with dusts and vapors in the vicinity of the control station.

Based on this prior art, the invention has the object underlying, a milling machine of the type mentioned, and a method to dispose of dusts and vapors, with little mechanical Effort and with higher efficiency in the milling process and the Transport process resulting dusts and vapors, especially the respirable Dust, can be sucked off and disposed of while doing the Service life of the suction device can be considerably extended.

To solve this problem serve the features of claim 1 and 9, respectively.

The invention advantageously provides that the suction device a suction fan, a separator for solids and a suction channel which is at the rear in the material transport direction channel section connected to the suction fan downstream of the separator is arranged and that the deposition device, the deposited Solids on the transport device in a front in material transport direction Channel section, or disposed of in a collection and the purified Air blows off to the outside.

The invention enables a simple construction, in which the construction of a Road milling machine does not basically need to be changed, so also a retrofit existing road milling is possible. Because of the suction fan the suction device is arranged behind the separator, the Suction fan operated on the clean air side, so that the suction fan a higher Life has. The invention not only allows a significantly increased Service life of the suction fan, but also a significant improvement the air quality in the environment of the control station. The clean air is blown off directly into the open air. By separating the solids with the aid of the separator the proportion of respirable dusts is reduced to a considerable extent, so that the workplace conditions are significantly improved. The secluded Solids can either be on the transport device in the front channel section or disposed of in a collection facility.

Such a collector may e.g. from an air-permeable dust bag exist, which decreased in business interruptions of the road milling machine can be used to dispose of the separated solids.

It is preferably provided that the separating device consists of a filter device and that of the forming in the filter device filter cake on the transport device in the front channel section or in the collecting device is disposable. The use of a filter device has the Advantage that these high efficiency in terms of breathable dusts and that the separated solids compacted into a filter cake which is easier to dispose of without disposal Once again, dusts can be generated to a considerable extent. Basically it is also possible to filter cake with binders, e.g. a hydrous one Spray mist to compress even more, so when disposed of at all dusts can no longer arise.

The filter cake may be removed from the filter device at predetermined time intervals or automatically removed at a predetermined pressure loss. there it is also possible, the filter device only during breaks, e.g. at To clean a tool change, if the filter capacity designed accordingly is. Another way to add the filter cake from the filter device remove, every time you change the front of the road milling machine truck and the associated short-term work break.

The filter device is then for cleaning, for example, with a vibration or acted upon by a pulse-like counterpressure.

In a preferred embodiment it is provided that the front channel section from the rear channel section with release means for the most part Locking an air flow is separated without the transport of the milled off Material is obstructed. With the help of the separation of the channel into one Front and a rear channel section ensures that the over the Suction duct in the material transport direction extracted dust-laden air only off the rear, dust-laden channel section is sucked, and that no Air flow in the front channel section against the Materialtransportrichtung can arise. The division is made by release agents, on the one hand not hinder the transport of the milled material and on the other hand a Prevent air flow against the material transport direction.

It is preferably provided that the transport device at least one Has conveyor belt with a conveyor belt, and that sealing means for the Channel out against the conveyor belt and against the housing of the conveyor belt consist of sealing hoods. The hoods thus form together with the Conveyor belt or together with the housing of the conveyor belt a closed Channel, so that the milled material, the transport device circumferentially passes completely enclosed. That way you can go along of the duct do not emit dusts or vapors to the outside. Minor gaps in the Channel course are irrelevant, since the channel is under negative pressure, so that contaminated air can not escape at any points of leakage, but at most air is sucked.

A second front transport means may be the milled material at the end take over the first rear transport device at a transfer point. In this case, the transfer point between the first and the second transport device circumferentially sealed with flexible sealing means, the at least one of the transport devices are attached. It becomes a consistent one Channel formed, which contains both transport facilities.

The separating means may consist of a flexible flap, which is the rear channel section the transport device against air inlet against the material transport device closes. The negative pressure in the rear channel section reinforces the seal by sucking the flap on the conveyor belt.

Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings, embodiments the invention explained in more detail:

Fig. 1

Ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung bei einer Frontlader-Straßenfräse,

Fig. 2

eine Draufsicht auf die auf der vorderen Transporteinrichtung aufliegenden Filtereinrichtung,

Fig. 3

eine Ansicht der Filtereinrichtung auf das hintere stirnseitige Ende,

Fig. 4

eine Ansicht auf das vordere stirnseitige Ende des hinteren Transportbandes,

Fig. 5

eine vergrößerte Darstellung eines ersten Ausführungsbeispieles der Absaugeinrichtung,

Fig. 6

eine vergrößerte Darstellung eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispieles der Absaugeinrichtung, und

Fig. 7

einen Querschnitt durch die Transporteinrichtung.

Show it:

Fig. 1

A first embodiment of the invention in a front-loading road milling machine,

Fig. 2

a top view of the resting on the front transport means filter device,

Fig. 3

a view of the filter device on the rear end face,

Fig. 4

a view of the front end face of the rear conveyor belt,

Fig. 5

an enlarged view of a first embodiment of the suction device,

Fig. 6

an enlarged view of a second embodiment of the suction, and

Fig. 7

a cross section through the transport device.

A road milling machine 1 for working roadways in the embodiment a front-end loader is shown in FIG. It is understood that the Invention is applicable to other types of milling machines, with at least a transport device 14, 18 are provided.

The road milling machine 1 is used for milling off ground surfaces, in particular Roads made of asphalt, concrete o. The like. The road milling machine 1 has a Chassis with, for example, four crawlers 4 on which the machine frame 2 carries. It is understood that the crawler tracks through wheel drives can be substituted in whole or in part. In the machine frame 2 is a milling drum 8 mounted, which extends transversely to the direction of travel. The attitude The milling depth is preferably carried out by means of the height adjustment of the chain drives 4. The road milling machine 1 shown in Fig. 1 is also called Front loader road milling machine called, as they the milled material in the direction of travel transported forward to a transport vehicle 10. In the direction of travel in front of the Milling roller 8 is a first, consisting of a conveyor belt transport device 14 with a conveyor belt 15 in a shaft 9 of the machine frame 2, which extends at an inclination angle in the machine frame 2. The first transporting device 14 conveys the milled material 3 the conveyor belt 15 to a second, preferably also a conveyor belt 19th having transporting device 18. The second transporting device 18 is adjustable in height via an adjustable inclination angle and can additionally be pivoted laterally by, for example ± 30 °, so that in addition to the Lane of the road milling machine stationary transport vehicles 10 loaded can be. As an alternative to the conveyor belts 15, 19 is also the use of in a conveyor arranged screw conveyor possible.

In order to achieve as complete a transport as possible of the milled material, the milling drum 8 is usually surrounded by a roller box 58 at the facing in the direction of travel wall as a shield 52 with a passage opening 56 is formed for the milled material.

The milling drum 8 is provided with helically arranged chisel tools, which are arranged so that the milled material 3 to the passage opening 56th is transported in the shield 52. At the rear in the direction of travel Roller box 58 is a close to the milled ground surface final Wall 60 of the roller box 58 provided the milled soil surface peels off so that no fragments of the milled material 3 on the milled soil surface remain. The wall 60 is with its lower edge hydraulically pressed against the ground surface to ensure the best possible sealing to achieve.

On machine frame 2 is designated as a band shoe 50 band protection and Support device mounted height adjustable in a guide. The belt shoe 50 takes up the rear end of the first transport device 14. The passage opening 56 of the roller box 58 forms a first transfer point 5, at which the milled material from the milling drum 8 on the first conveyor 14th is handed over.

The control station is located in the embodiment of FIG. 1 above the Milling roller 8, but can as usual in road milling machines in the rear or front portion of the machine frame 2 may be arranged.

The Fign. FIGS. 5 and 6 show in detail the first transport device 14.

The transport device 14 is arranged in a preferably centrally Shaft 9 of the machine frame 2 is fixed and can easily from the belt shoe 50 are dismantled for maintenance purposes and through the shaft 9 therethrough get extended.

The transport device 14 with the conveyor belt 15 has a hood 22 which together with the upper run 15a of the conveyor belt 15 a channel section 16 a of a channel 16 extending from the roller box 58 to the end of second transport means 18 extends. As in detail in the cross section of Fig. 7 is removed, the hood 22 of the first conveyor 14 with Helping of Haubenträgern 44 on the frame of the first transport device 14th attached. Elastic lips 46 can on the hood brackets 44 on both sides of the Be fastened conveyor belt and the upper run 15 a of the conveyor belt 15 in Touch edge area over the entire length of the upper run 15a.

In the same way, the second transport device 18 with a hood 26 be provided. In this way, the entire channel 16 dustproof and gas-tight be sealed against the environment, even if the sealing of the Front channel section 16b is only really necessary if one more Noteworthy dust formation in the front channel section 16b even detectable is.

In the upper part of the hood 22 near the discharge but still with Distance before the discharge end, the hood 22 of the first transport device 14 at least one nozzle 23, 23 a, 23 b, to the at least one suction channel 24 is connectable. In the embodiment of Fig. 1, the suction channel 24 of two suction hoses 24a, 24b formed by the nozzle 23a, 23b lead to the inlet side of a filter housing of a filter device 25, preferably in the region of the front channel portion 16b on the hood 26 of the front transport device 18 is placed. The filter device 25 is preferably composed of several, e.g. ten filter cartridges 31, preferably are connected in parallel to form a large filter surface. The Suction fan 28 is arranged on the output side of the clean air side and is characterized only charged with clean air. The fact that the suction fan 28 behind the Filter device 25 is operated, are bearing damage in an advantageous manner and avoid damage to the fan blades and other fan elements and a much longer life compared to the prior art the suction device 20 is reached. The fact that a filter cake in the Filter device 25 may form, it is also possible in the milling not only to remove resulting vapors from the area of the control station, but also within the forming filter cake in the filter device 25 to bind. The result is therefore not only the dust load, but also the load of breathable air by vapors through the suction device 20 significantly reduced, so that the workplace conditions in considerable extent can be improved. An exhaust pipe 29 allows to blow off the cleaned exhaust air directly into the open air. Alternatively, the clean air on the front end of the filter device 25 or at the front end of the front Transport device 18 are blown off. The suction fan 28 allows a high air flow and thus generates a corresponding high negative pressure in the rear channel section 16a and in the milling drum 8 surrounding roller box 58. The dusts arising during the milling process and vapors are therefore reliable and with high efficiency over the Suction duct 24, 24a, 24b sucked.

In the area of the first transfer point 5, i. at the lower end of the hood 22 and at the passage opening 56 of the roller box 58 and the belt shoe 50th flexible rubber mats can circumferentially seal the transfer point 5. Smaller leaks of the roller box 58 and between the channel 16 and the roller box 58 are irrelevant because no contaminated by the negative pressure Air can escape, but at best sucked air from the environment becomes. At the upper end of the hood 22, as best seen in FIG. 4, as separating means between the first and the second channel section 16a, 16b flexible flaps 36 are provided, on the one hand the milled material 3 on the Pass conveyor belt 15 and on the other hand, an air flow against the Prevent transport direction of the first conveyor 14. If only one single conveyor belt is provided, the release means are e.g. in the Center of the only transport facility.

In order to seal the rear channel section 16a as well as possible at its upper end, the flaps 36 are provided with slots. Preferably, several Flaps 36 arranged one behind the other to provide an improved air seal between to reach the channel sections 16a, 16b (Figure 5).

It is understood that the preferably consisting of flaps 36 release agent within the channel 16 also elsewhere, e.g. in material transport direction behind the second transfer point 7 in the region of the second transport device 18 may be arranged. In this case, the suction channels 24a, 24b of the Suction device 20 on the hood 26 of the second transport device 18 in Material transport device upstream of the release agent, preferably in the Connected near the release agent. The rear channel section 16a thus ends at the release means in the material transport device downstream of the transfer point 7 are arranged.

The conveyor belt 15 is, as best seen in Fig. 7, via support rollers 62,64 out, wherein the upper run 15a has a substantially U-shaped groove forms by the support rollers 64 are inclined accordingly. The lower support roller 62 supports the lower run 15b of the conveyor belt 15. As shown in FIGS. 3 and Figure 4 shows, there are 15 webs on the surface of the conveyor belt 17, which improve the entrainment of the milled material 3 on the conveyor belt 15.

At the upper end of the conveyor 14, the milled material 3 at the second transfer point 7 into a receiving hopper 35 of the second Passing conveyor 18, whereby the milled material 3 on the Conveyor belt 19 is conveyed to the discharge end and the transport vehicle 10 is disposed of. In this receiving hopper 35, for example, the Filter cake the filter device 25 via a flap 37 in the filter housing 33rd be disposed of (Fig. 5). Alternatively, the filter cake in one of a Dust collection bag existing collecting device 39 are filled (Fig. 6), which is attached to an opening of the filter housing 33. Also in this embodiment If necessary, a flap 37 in the bottom of the filter housing 33rd be provided.

The transition point at the transfer point 7 is made of flexible mats 30 existing Sealing means enclosed, so that the first transport device 14 and the second transport device 18 in a material transport direction form continuous circumferentially sealed channel 16.

The in Figs. 2 and 3 shown consisting of several filter cartridges 31 Filter device 25 is set at intervals selectable by the operator, e.g. during business interruptions, such as Change of the preceding driver Truck 10 or tool change to manual command, e.g. by vibration or by applying a pressure pulse in the counterflow direction cleaned. Here, the seated on the filter cartridges 31 filter cake away. Of course, the filter cake also depending on with increasing operating time of the filter device 25 forming pressure loss, or be automatically cleaned after predetermined time intervals. Of the Filter cake removed from the filter cartridges 31 may be due to inclination the bottom of the filter housing 33 to the rear end of the filter housing 33 slip, where, for example, a flap 37 and the receiving hopper 35 can be disposed of on the front transport device 18. That's it also possible to compress the filter cake additionally by a spray and cohesion of the deposited particles through the spray increase. Advantageously, the filter cake behind the release agents the front transport device 18 abandoned.

The suction hoses 24a, 24b of the suction channel 24 occur, as shown in FIG. 2, from two opposite sides in the filter housing 33, wherein the Filter cartridges 31 from the outside charged with the dust and vapor laden air become.

Claims (11)

Milling machine (1) for processing ground surfaces, comprising a machine frame (2), a milling drum (8) mounted on the machine frame (2), at least one transport device (14, 18) arranged on the machine frame (2), which holds the milled material ( 3) from the milling drum (8), and with a suction device (20) for the air contaminated with dusts and vapors, wherein the milled material (3) on the at least one transport device (14, 18) enclosed by a channel (16) the suction device (20) is connected to a rear channel section (16a) of the channel (16) in the material transport direction and sucks the air contaminated during milling at the milling drum (8) and in the rear channel section (16a) substantially in the material transport direction,
characterized in that the suction device (20) consists of a suction fan (28), a solids separator and a suction channel (24) connected to the rear channel section (16a),
that the suction fan (28) is arranged downstream of the separator, and
in that the separation device discharges the separated solids onto the transport device (18) in the forward channel section (16b) in the material transport direction or into a collecting device (39) and the suction fan (28) blows the cleaned air into the environment. Milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the separating device consists of a filter device (25) and that in the filter device (25) forming filter cake on the transport device (18) in the front channel section (16b) or in the collecting device (39) is disposable. Milling machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the filter device (25) for the purpose of cleaning with a vibration or a pulse-like counter pressure is acted upon. Milling machine according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the front channel section (16b) is separated from the rear channel section (16a) with separating means for largely blocking an air flow, without the transport of the milled material (3) is hindered. Milling machine according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the at least one transport device (14, 18) consists of a conveyor belt with a conveyor belt (15, 19) and that the channel (16) against the conveyor belt (15, 19) or against the housing of the at least one transport device (14, 18) sealing hoods (22, 26) is formed. Milling machine according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a second transport device (18) takes over the milled material at the end of the first transport device (14) at a transfer point (7), and that the transfer point (7) between the first and the second transport means (14, 18) is circumferentially sealed with flexible sealing means (30) which are connected to the transport means (14, 18) so that a continuous channel is formed over both transport means (14, 18). Milling machine according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the separating means between the rear channel portion (16a) and the front channel portion (16b) of the at least one transport means (14, 18) consist of at least one flexible flap (36) extending extends over the entire open channel cross section of the channel section (16a). Milling machine according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that on the sides of a conveyor belt hood carrier (44) for the hoods (22, 26) are fastened, which are sealed with an elastic lip against the conveyor belt (15, 19) of the conveyor belt , Method for disposing of dusts and vapors generated during the milling process on a milling machine for processing ground surfaces, in which the material (3) milled by a milling drum (8) is disposed of via at least one transport device (14, 18),
by forming a channel (16) surrounding the milled material (3) on the conveyor (14, 18), and
by sucking the air contaminated with dusts and vapors in a rear channel section (16a) of the channel (16) in the transport direction of the milled material (3),
marked by
supplying the dust and vapor laden air sucked in the rear channel section (16a) to a separation device,
disposing the solids separated from the separator into a collection device (39) or to the transport device (14; 18) in a front channel section (16b) of the channel (16), and
the blowing off of the cleaned air to the outside through a suction fan arranged downstream of the separating device. A method according to claim 10, characterized in that the separated from the air flow solids are compacted into a filter cake, in which also the extracted vapors can be integrated. A method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the channel sections (16a, 16b) are divided by separating means, which are permeable to the milled material (3), however, prevent air flow between the channel sections (16a, 16b).

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