EP1618700A2 - Cryptographie basee sur un serveur - Google Patents

Cryptographie basee sur un serveur

Info

Publication number
EP1618700A2
EP1618700A2 EP04750211A EP04750211A EP1618700A2 EP 1618700 A2 EP1618700 A2 EP 1618700A2 EP 04750211 A EP04750211 A EP 04750211A EP 04750211 A EP04750211 A EP 04750211A EP 1618700 A2 EP1618700 A2 EP 1618700A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
descriptors
descriptor
server
node
token
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04750211A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1618700A4 (fr
Inventor
Edward M. Scheidt
C. Jay Wack
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tecsec Inc
Original Assignee
Tecsec Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US10/418,312 external-priority patent/US7539855B1/en
Application filed by Tecsec Inc filed Critical Tecsec Inc
Publication of EP1618700A2 publication Critical patent/EP1618700A2/fr
Publication of EP1618700A4 publication Critical patent/EP1618700A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/60—Protecting data
    • G06F21/62—Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules
    • G06F21/6209—Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules to a single file or object, e.g. in a secure envelope, encrypted and accessed using a key, or with access control rules appended to the object itself
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
    • H04L9/0816—Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
    • H04L9/0819—Key transport or distribution, i.e. key establishment techniques where one party creates or otherwise obtains a secret value, and securely transfers it to the other(s)
    • H04L9/083—Key transport or distribution, i.e. key establishment techniques where one party creates or otherwise obtains a secret value, and securely transfers it to the other(s) involving central third party, e.g. key distribution center [KDC] or trusted third party [TTP]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
    • H04L9/0861—Generation of secret information including derivation or calculation of cryptographic keys or passwords
    • H04L9/0877—Generation of secret information including derivation or calculation of cryptographic keys or passwords using additional device, e.g. trusted platform module [TPM], smartcard, USB or hardware security module [HSM]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to data security, key management, and server-based cryptography.
  • the traditional cryptographic usage has been limited to point to point, box-to-box, and/or user-to-user implementations.
  • the basic elements of cryptography are the algorithm (the mathematical transposition or substitution of numbers in a defined manner); and the key management scheme, that is, the system by which keys are created, transported, used, tracked, and destroyed.
  • implementing cryptographic security over such information can require that each of a myriad of nodes or end-users possesses the cryptographic means to independently access encrypted information.
  • numerous end-users can possess the same cryptographic means to independently access (or decrypt) encrypted data.
  • this type of scheme suffers from at least one significant problem. As the number of end-users increases, the likelihood of unauthorized access to a single implementation of such cryptographic means also increases. And where such means includes all, or even most, of the pieces required to access encrypted data, wholesale compromise of the cryptographic scheme becomes easier. Therefore, it would be desirable to provide server-based cryptography so as to minimize such risk.
  • the present invention includes a cryptographic system and method, in which advantageous key management and/or server-based cryptographic schemes are advanced. Additionally, or alternatively, the present invention effectuates a virtual domain scheme. According to one exemplary embodiment, the present invention can be embodied in a method of securing data in a system comprising a server communicatively connected to a node.
  • the method can include acts of providing a set of descriptors associated with the data, where the set of descriptors comprises a first plurality of descriptors and a second plurality of descriptors, and each descriptor of the set of descriptors has a respective value associated therewith; providing a first key component by binding together, at the node, the respective values of each of the first plurality of descriptors; sending said first key component from the node to the server; providing a working key by binding together, at the server, the first key component and the respective values of each of the second plurality of descriptors; and encrypting the data with the working key.
  • At least one descriptor of the set of descriptors can be provided by the user via a token having the at least one descriptor stored thereon.
  • the node can include the token (where the token in communicatively connected to the node), and providing the first key component can be performed, at least in part, on the token.
  • the at least one descriptor of the set of descriptors can be provided by the server.
  • the present invention can be embodied in a method of securing data in a system comprising a server communicatively connected to a node.
  • the method can include acts of providing a set of descriptors associated with the data, where the set of descriptors comprises a first plurality of descriptors and at least one additional descriptor, and each descriptor of the set of descriptors has a respective value associated therewith; providing a first key component by binding together, at the node, the respective values of each of the first plurality of descriptors; sending the first key component from the node to the server; providing a working key by binding together, at the server, the first key component and the respective values of each of the at least one additional descriptor; and encrypting the data with the working key.
  • At least one descriptor of the set of descriptors can be provided by the user via a token having the at least one descriptor stored thereon.
  • the node can include the token (where the token in communicatively connected to the node), and providing the first key component can be performed, at least in part, on the token.
  • the at least one descriptor of the set of descriptors can be provided by the server.
  • the present invention can be embodied in a system for securing data, and includes a set of descriptors associated with the data, a node, and a server communicatively connected to the node.
  • the set of descriptors includes a first plurality of descriptors and a second plurality of descriptors, and each descriptor of the set of descriptors has a respective value associated therewith.
  • the node is adapted to provide a first key component by binding together the respective values of each of the first plurality of descriptors, while the server is adapted to receive the first key component from the node; to provide a working key by binding together the first key component and the respective values of each of the second plurality of descriptors; and to encrypt the data with the working key.
  • At least one descriptor of the set of descriptors can be provided by the user via a token having the at least one descriptor stored thereon.
  • the node can include the token (where the token in communicatively connected to the node), and providing the first key component can be performed, at least in part, on the token.
  • the at least one descriptor of the set of descriptors can be provided by the server.
  • the present invention can be embodied in a system for securing data, and includes a set of descriptors associated with the data, a node, and a first server communicatively connected to the node.
  • the set of descriptors includes a first plurality of descriptors and at least one additional descriptor, and each descriptor of the set of descriptors has a respective value associated therewith.
  • the node is adapted to provide a first key component by binding together the respective values of each of the first plurality of descriptors, while the first server is adapted to receive the first key component from the node, to provide a working key by binding together the first key component and the respective values of each of the at least one additional descriptor, and to encrypt the data with the working key.
  • at least one descriptor of the set of descriptors can be provided by the user via a token having the at least one descriptor stored thereon.
  • the node can include the token (where the token in communicatively connected to the node), and providing the first key component can be performed, at least in part, on the token.
  • at least one descriptor of the set of descriptors can be provided by the first server.
  • the system can further include a policy agent, and a plurality of servers comprising the first server and at least one additional server.
  • the at least one descriptor of the set of descriptors is provided by at least two servers of the plurality of servers, and the policy agent is adapted to control at least one of access to and use of the at least one descriptor according to a security policy.
  • Figure la shows an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in which a system includes a set of descriptors, and a server communicatively connected to a node.
  • Figure lb shows an exemplary instance of descriptors according to the present invention.
  • Figure lc shows another exemplary instance of descriptors according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2a shows an exemplary method according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2b shows another exemplary method according to the present invention.
  • Figure 3 shows another exemplary aspect according to the present invention, in which secured communications between enterprises is effectuated via a virtual domain.
  • the present invention provides a means for controlling the access to and/or use of information by a user.
  • the present invention provides a key management solution that is partially located on a client side (or node) and partially located on a server side.
  • the present invention additionally provides the leveraging of cryptography in a virtual domain trust model. Accordingly, the information flow between members of a virtual domain can be enforced through virtual domain cryptography.
  • a virtual domain trust model can be established, for example, by two or more servers sharing parameters and keys.
  • Servers within this trust model can serve one or more roles, such as for example, providing key management (for example, key administration, key or key-data retention), centralizing security control over the virtual domain itself and/or members of the virtual domain, effectuating immediate revocation of a member or the domain itself, in whole or in part, effectuating inter- and intra-domain data scalability, managing databases, and managing security policies associated with identity, accountability, authorization, authentication, and/or access control.
  • a server can provide other servers and or other domain members with a communication channel for maintaining a key management cycle in concert with an information process cycle.
  • a client-based model uses a server to establish a key management state for further processing, whether off-line or on-line. Accordingly, a virtual domain trust domain provides an efficient risk-to-cost ratio in effectuating a communications scheme bridging two or more servers.
  • a system 1 for securing data 14 can include a server 10; a node 12 communicatively connected to the server; and a set of descriptors 16 associated with data 14.
  • the node and server are communicatively connected via one or more wireless and/or hard-wired connections.
  • the set of descriptors 16 is associated with data 14.
  • the particular association technique employed is not necessarily limited to any particular technique(s), and therefore, any manner of association (logical and/or physical) within the scope of the invention can be employed, such as for example, indices, pointers, mapping, physical and/or logical organization, etc.
  • the set of descriptors 16 includes a first plurality of descriptors 17 and a second plurality of descriptors 18.
  • the set of descriptors 16 includes a first plurality of descriptors 17 and at least one additional descriptor 19.
  • each descriptor has a respective value (not shown) associated therewith.
  • a value is defined as one or more bits of information, and may or may not be unique to the particular descriptor associated therewith.
  • Node 12 is adapted to provide a first cryptographic key component by binding together the respective values of each of the first plurality of descriptors. Binding is defined as any method of creating a value from two or more data instances, such that the method will create the same value each time given the same two or more data instances.
  • the first key component is created from the first plurality of descriptors.
  • node 12 can employ the first key, in whole or in part, in a cryptographic action, such as for example, cryptographically securing information exchanges with server 10.
  • node 12 is adapted to send the first key to server 10, which can take place either in a direct transfer or an indirect transfer (for example, by physical transportation of a storage device to the server.)
  • at least one of the descriptors can be provided to node 12 by a user via a token having the at least one descriptor stored thereon.
  • a token is a portable memory storage device, such as a floppy disk, a smartcard, a Universal Serial Bus (“USB”) fob, a PCMCIA card, for example.
  • a token can include a plurality of descriptors and/or a credential set (at least one credential) assigned to a particular user.
  • a credential includes any combination of roles, rules, and permissions assigned to a user. Accordingly, a user's credential set can be used to define at least one of a readership level, an authorship level, and an access level of a particular user.
  • a credential, or portion thereof can be applied as a descriptor to particular data.
  • a user can optionally be given the opportunity to select one or more descriptors and/or credentials available to him/her, in which case specific constraints on the readership and/or use of the data can be defined by the user, with such constraints being defined, in whole or in part, by the selected descriptors.
  • data 14 can be a document written by a user, and can have a set of descriptors associated therewith.
  • a descriptor is one or more bits of information that describes data.
  • a descriptor can be associated with data 14 automatically or manually.
  • a descriptor can be based on or limited by one or more credentials.
  • Logic determines which descriptor(s) to associate with data, and can be provided by one or more users, default schemes, and artificial intelligence or data evaluation methodologies, including but not limited to, context-based language evaluation, statistical evaluation or content evaluation.
  • node 12 can include the token (where the token is communicatively connected to the node), and the respective values of each of the first plurality of descriptors are bound together, at least in part, on the token.
  • a token can be a smart card, a Personal Digital Assistant ("PDA"), or any other portable device that is capable of storing and providing information.
  • Server 10 is adapted to receive the first key component from node 12.
  • server 10 provides a working key by binding together the first key component and the respective values of each of the second plurality of descriptors.
  • server 10 provides the working key by binding together the first key component and the at least one additional descriptor 19. In either case, binding is defined the same as above.
  • server 10 encrypts data 14 using the working key, such that data 14 is now secured.
  • one or more servers exchange at least one domain cryptographic parameter and/or keys (not shown) to allow the creation of a virtual domain, which provides an established trust based on one or more policies corresponding to the parameters and/or keys.
  • server 10 provides one or more descriptors of the set of descriptors 16.
  • FIG. 2a illustrates an exemplary method, according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, of securing data in a system comprising a server communicatively connected to a node.
  • such a method can include acts of providing a set of descriptors in association with the data (210); providing a first key component by binding together, at the node, the respective values of each of the first plurality of descriptors (220); sending the first key component from the node to the server (230); providing a working key by binding together, at the server, the first key component and the respective values of each of the second plurality of descriptors (240); and encrypting the data with the working key (250).
  • Figure 2b illustrates an alternative exemplary method, according to yet another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, of securing data in a system comprising a server communicatively connected to a node.
  • such a method can include acts of providing a set of descriptors in association with the data (210); providing a first key component by binding together, at the node, the respective values of each of the first plurality of descriptors (220); sending the first key component from the node to the server (230); providing a working key by binding together, at the server, the first key component and the respective values of each of the at least one additional descriptor (240'); and encrypting the data with the working key (250).
  • At least one descriptor of the set of descriptors can be provided by a user via a token having the at least one descriptor stored thereon.
  • the node includes the token, and the act of providing the first key component (220) is performed, at least in part, on the token.
  • the node includes a token, and the act of providing the first key component (220) is performed, at least in part, on the token.
  • At least one descriptor of the set of descriptors is provided by the server.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Bioethics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Storage Device Security (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de protection des données comportant un ensemble de descripteurs associés aux données, un noeud et un serveur. L'ensemble de descripteurs comprend un premier groupe de descripteurs et au moins un descripteur additionnel. Chaque descripteur a une valeur associée respective. Le noeud fournit une première composante par la liaison des valeurs respectives de chaque premier groupe des descripteurs. Le serveur reçoit cette première composante émanant du noeud, fournit une clé par la liaison de cette première composante et des valeurs respectives de chaque descripteur additionnel et code les données à l'aide de cette clé. L'utilisateur (par un jeton) et/ou le serveur peut fournir au moins un descripteur. Au moins un serveur peut établir un domaine virtuel cryptographique fiable ayant une fiabilité établie basée sur les descripteurs qui sont mis en application par règlement.
EP04750211A 2003-04-17 2004-04-16 Cryptographie basee sur un serveur Withdrawn EP1618700A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/418,312 US7539855B1 (en) 2002-04-17 2003-04-17 Server-based cryptography
PCT/US2004/011756 WO2004095754A2 (fr) 2003-04-17 2004-04-16 Cryptographie basee sur un serveur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1618700A2 true EP1618700A2 (fr) 2006-01-25
EP1618700A4 EP1618700A4 (fr) 2010-04-28

Family

ID=33309527

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04750211A Withdrawn EP1618700A4 (fr) 2003-04-17 2004-04-16 Cryptographie basee sur un serveur

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1618700A4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004095754A2 (fr)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0566811A1 (fr) * 1992-04-23 1993-10-27 International Business Machines Corporation Méthode et système d'authentification à l'aide d'une carte à puce
US5590199A (en) * 1993-10-12 1996-12-31 The Mitre Corporation Electronic information network user authentication and authorization system
US5719938A (en) * 1994-08-01 1998-02-17 Lucent Technologies Inc. Methods for providing secure access to shared information
JPH08263438A (ja) * 1994-11-23 1996-10-11 Xerox Corp ディジタルワークの配給及び使用制御システム並びにディジタルワークへのアクセス制御方法
US5999629A (en) * 1995-10-31 1999-12-07 Lucent Technologies Inc. Data encryption security module

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2004095754A3 (fr) 2005-03-03
EP1618700A4 (fr) 2010-04-28
WO2004095754A2 (fr) 2004-11-04

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