EP1651065B1 - Procede d'obtention de feuilles de tabac ayant une teneur standardisee en nicotine et/ou une combustibilite amelioree - Google Patents

Procede d'obtention de feuilles de tabac ayant une teneur standardisee en nicotine et/ou une combustibilite amelioree Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1651065B1
EP1651065B1 EP04743885A EP04743885A EP1651065B1 EP 1651065 B1 EP1651065 B1 EP 1651065B1 EP 04743885 A EP04743885 A EP 04743885A EP 04743885 A EP04743885 A EP 04743885A EP 1651065 B1 EP1651065 B1 EP 1651065B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
leaves
tobacco
extraction
content
nicotine
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP04743885A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1651065A1 (fr
Inventor
Valentino Mercati
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MEDICAMENTA Srl
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MEDICAMENTA Srl
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/24—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by extraction; Tobacco extracts
    • A24B15/241—Extraction of specific substances
    • A24B15/243—Nicotine
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/24—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by extraction; Tobacco extracts
    • A24B15/26—Use of organic solvents for extraction

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a process for the treatment of tobacco leaves, in particular a process for obtaining tobacco leaves with a desired, standardized nicotine content and improved combustibility.
  • Obtaining tobacco with a constant nicotine content is important in order to guarantee the manufacture of standardized cigarettes with a fixed, constant nicotine content batch by batch, regardless of the biological variability of that content.
  • the leaves of the Virginia variety of tobacco have a nicotine content ranging from a minimum of 0.7 to a maximum of 2.5%.
  • Cigarettes with a pre-determined nicotine content are currently manufactured by various methods, which are usually complex and expensive, and involve the various techniques listed below, possibly in combination, which always start with the cured tobacco leaves:
  • JP 51-16518 claims a method for the treatment of tobacco leaves which comprises the extraction of raw tobacco leaves with an organic solvent or a mixture of organic solvent and water, recovery and drying of the extracted leaves, and finally heat treatment, so that the leaves take on the required colour.
  • Said treatment eliminates the traditional curing stage, thus accelerating the overall process, but without achieving the aim of standardizing the nicotine content of the tobacco leaves, still less their combustibility.
  • the extraction is performed on the raw leaves, not previously subjected to drying and curing, these operations being eliminated by the present method.
  • the chlorine content is particularly important, as it significantly influences the combustibility, flavour and texture of the leaves.
  • Combustibility ie. the ability of tobacco to remain lit once combustion has begun, is the fundamental requirement of smoking tobacco, on which all its other characteristics depend.
  • Tobacco leaves with a low chlorine content are therefore preferred.
  • the use of fertilizer with a low chloride content produces tobacco with a low chloride content; however, the chloride content in the leaves is influenced by other factors which it is difficult to modify, such as the characteristics of the soil, irrigation water, etc.; moreover, the chloride level varies according to the position of the leaves on the plant (difference between basal, median and apical leaves), which means that some types of leaves have to be rejected.
  • the present process reduces the chloride content, and therefore transforms tobacco leaves with very low or nil combustibility into leaves with ideal combustibility.
  • This process consequently produces tobacco leaves with a pre-determined, standardized nicotine content from a raw material (tobacco leaves) with a variable nicotine content (0.7-2.5%).
  • the process also reduces the chloride content, which adversely affects the combustibility, texture and flavour of the leaves.
  • This invention relates to a process for reducing the content of nicotine and chloride of tobacco leaves ( Nicotiana tabacum ) comprising the following steps:
  • the extraction solvent can be selected from methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, acetone, ethylene glycol and water; they can be used individually and/or in appropriate mixtures, and also with the pH suitably adjusted with buffer solutions.
  • a water/alcohol mixture with a strength of between 20° and 80° is preferably used, and even more preferably an ethanol/water mixture with a strength of 50°.
  • the weight ratio between the tobacco leaves and the solvent mixture is between 1:5 and 1:30, and preferably between 1:10 and 1:20; even more preferably, the ratio is 1:16 to reduce the nicotine content by 80%, starting from tobacco leaves with a 1% nicotine content.
  • the extraction time ranges between 3 and 16 hours, preferably 8 hours, whereas the extraction temperature is between 20 and 80°C, preferably 60°C, to reduce the nicotine content by 80% starting from tobacco leaves with a 1% nicotine content.
  • the number of extractions performed ranges between 1 and 5, in order to obtain, preferably, an 80% reduction in the nicotine content, starting from tobacco leaves with a 1% nicotine content.
  • the drying time of the extracted tobacco leaves is between 36 and 48 hours, and the drying temperature is 35°C.
  • tobacco leaves thus obtained can then be stored pending the subsequent stages of processing to make cigarettes, cigars or shags.
  • tobacco leaves In their manufacture, tobacco leaves must be beaten to eliminate the ribs and shredded to a size suitable for making cigarettes. Excipients can be added to give the product a characteristic flavour and ensure that it remains stable over time.
  • a further subject of this invention is therefore the use of the tobacco leaves obtained with the process according to the invention to make cigarettes, and the cigarettes containing said leaves.
  • the process according to the invention is particularly advantageous because it allows the desired nicotine content to be obtained regardless of the initial content, with no need to blend different types of tobacco or use expensive rib processing techniques.
  • the final nicotine content can also reach particularly low values, lower than those obtainable by the traditional techniques used to manufacture cigarettes with a low nicotine content.
  • the process according to the invention also reduces the chloride content, allowing the use of all the leaves of the tobacco plant and of tobaccos which would otherwise be unusable because they are not combustible.
  • Example 1 Obtaining tobacco leaves with a pre-determined nicotine content of 0.2% ⁇ 0.04% starting with 3 different batches of tobacco with variable nicotine contents.
  • 10 Kg of Virginia Bright tobacco leaves, batch A (0.96% nicotine) is placed in a perforated rack in a stainless steel extractor and extracted with 160 kg of 50° proof ethanol, maintained in continuous recirculation for 4 hours.
  • the extraction temperature maintained constant by the external jacket of the extractor in which hot water circulates, is 60°C.
  • the solvent is removed and drying is performed by placing the leaves in drying ovens for a time sufficient to bring the product to a moisture content of 13%, usually 36-48 hours.
  • the nicotine in the tobacco was determined according to the ISO 2881 method.
  • the nicotine in the cigarette was determined according to the ISO 4387 method.
  • Example 3 Sample formulas of cigarettes made by the process according to the invention
  • Cigarette Tobacco Result of % chloride analytical content smoke A Virginia Bright Batch 2B012 Negative 1.2 B Virginia Bright Batch 2B012 Subjected to the process described below Positive 0.6
  • 100 Kg of Virginia Bright tobacco leaves, batch 2B012, is placed in a perforated rack in a stainless steel extractor and extracted with 1000 kg of water, maintained in continuous recirculation for 3 hours.
  • the extraction temperature, maintained constant by the external jacket of the extractor in which hot water circulates, is 40°C.
  • the water is removed and drying is performed by gentle heating (35°C) and application of vacuum for a sufficient time to bring the product to a moisture content of 13%, usually 36-48 hours.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)

Claims (17)

  1. Procédé de réduction de la teneur en nicotine et en chlorure des feuilles de tabac (Nicotiana tabacum) comprenant les étapes suivantes consistant à :
    a) sécher et faner les feuilles ;
    b) extraire les feuilles séchées avec un solvant ou un mélange de solvants ;
    c) re-sécher les feuilles extraites ;
    d) éliminer les nervures.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le solvant est choisi parmi le méthanol, l'éthanol, le propanol, l'isopropanol, l'acétone, l'éthylèneglycol, l'eau ou les mélanges de ceux-ci ; consistant éventuellement aussi à ajuster le pH avec des solutions tampons.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, dans lequel le solvant est l'éthanol.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, dans lequel le mélange de solvants est un mélange éthanol/eau avec une force comprise entre 20 ° et 80 °.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, dans lequel le mélange a une force de 50°.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel le rapport en poids entre le tabac et le mélange de solvants est compris entre 1:5 et 1:30.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, dans lequel le rapport en poids entre le tabac et le mélange de solvants est de 1:16.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, dans lequel l'extraction est réalisée pendant une durée comprise entre 3 et 16 heures.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, dans lequel l'extraction est réalisée pendant 8 heures.
  10. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, dans lequel la température d'extraction est comprise entre 20 et 80 °C.
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 10, dans lequel la température d'extraction est de 60 °C.
  12. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, dans lequel l'extraction est réalisée de 1 à 5 fois.
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 12, dans lequel l'extraction est réalisée 1 fois.
  14. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, dans lequel les feuilles sont re-séchées sous vide.
  15. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, dans lequel les feuilles sont re-séchées pendant 36 à 48 heures.
  16. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 15, dans lequel les feuilles sont re-séchées à la température de 35 °C.
  17. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 16, dans lequel on utilise des feuilles de tabac Virginia Bright.
EP04743885A 2003-07-15 2004-07-07 Procede d'obtention de feuilles de tabac ayant une teneur standardisee en nicotine et/ou une combustibilite amelioree Expired - Lifetime EP1651065B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT001442A ITMI20031442A1 (it) 2003-07-15 2003-07-15 Procedimento per ottenere foglie di tabacco a contenuto standardizzato di nicotina e/o a migliorata combustibilita'
PCT/IB2004/002222 WO2005004646A1 (fr) 2003-07-15 2004-07-07 Procede d'obtention de feuilles de tabac ayant une teneur standardisee en nicotine et/ou une combustibilite amelioree

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1651065A1 EP1651065A1 (fr) 2006-05-03
EP1651065B1 true EP1651065B1 (fr) 2008-11-12

Family

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EP04743885A Expired - Lifetime EP1651065B1 (fr) 2003-07-15 2004-07-07 Procede d'obtention de feuilles de tabac ayant une teneur standardisee en nicotine et/ou une combustibilite amelioree

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20060144411A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1651065B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE413821T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE602004017742D1 (fr)
IT (1) ITMI20031442A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005004646A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102524921A (zh) * 2012-01-19 2012-07-04 云南省烟草公司大理州公司 一种密集式烤房烤后烟叶的加湿回潮方法
CN103271428A (zh) * 2013-05-06 2013-09-04 广东省烟草南雄科学研究所 一种烤烟高温逼熟烟叶的精准密集烘烤工艺
CN106307604A (zh) * 2016-11-22 2017-01-11 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 烟草提取物、提取方法和应用

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060162733A1 (en) * 2004-12-01 2006-07-27 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Process of reducing generation of benzo[a]pyrene during smoking
EP1980163A1 (fr) * 2007-04-10 2008-10-15 Litesso-Anstalt Procédé de traitement de feuilles de tabac et feuilles de tabac tout comme leur utilisation
CN102894470B (zh) * 2011-07-29 2015-10-21 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 一种晒红烟的处理方法及含有该晒红烟的卷烟
CN102972862B (zh) 2012-12-20 2016-01-27 上海聚华科技股份有限公司 一种烟草原料改良的工艺及其设备
WO2015029977A1 (fr) * 2013-08-27 2015-03-05 日本たばこ産業株式会社 Matière première de tabac, son procédé de fabrication et produit à base de tabac
JP7292035B2 (ja) 2015-06-26 2023-06-16 アルトリア クライアント サーヴィシーズ リミテッド ライアビリティ カンパニー アルカロイドレベル改変タバコ植物体及び製品を作出する組成物及び方法
CN106263013B (zh) * 2016-11-22 2018-07-06 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 一种高香气烟草提取物、制备方法及其应用
US12342851B2 (en) * 2017-12-08 2025-07-01 Altria Client Services Llc Smoking article with reduced tobacco
WO2019229704A1 (fr) * 2018-05-31 2019-12-05 Radient Technologies Inc. Procédé permettant de réduire la nicotine dans une biomasse de tabac et composition de tabac
CN109090683A (zh) * 2018-07-19 2018-12-28 中烟施伟策（云南）再造烟叶有限公司 一种高烟碱型再造烟叶的制备方法
CN109588758A (zh) * 2018-12-27 2019-04-09 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 一种基于烟叶力学特性的烟片复烤温度设定方法
CN113457209A (zh) * 2021-08-20 2021-10-01 上海烟草集团有限责任公司 一种陈皮香料制备方法及其应用
CN113881501B (zh) * 2021-11-08 2024-04-26 鹰潭华宝香精有限公司 一种降低云烟浸膏精制物中烟碱含量的制备方法
CN114868949A (zh) * 2022-06-16 2022-08-09 浙江中烟工业有限责任公司 一种提高加热卷烟中雪茄烟叶碱性香气成分释放量的方法

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GB290204A (en) * 1928-05-02 1929-06-06 Gen Direktion Der Oesterr Taba Process and device for the reduction of the nicotine content of raw tobaccos, semi-manufactured and finished tobacco products
GB315715A (en) * 1929-07-16 1931-01-16 Gen Direktion Der Oesterr Taba Improvements in the treatment of smoking tobaccos
GB959190A (en) * 1960-06-20 1964-05-27 Imp Tobacco Co Ltd Process of treating and improving tobacco
US5040550A (en) * 1988-05-31 1991-08-20 John Argyropoulos Tobacco treatment apparatus and process
US4941484A (en) * 1989-05-30 1990-07-17 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Tobacco processing
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US6298859B1 (en) * 1998-07-08 2001-10-09 Novozymes A/S Use of a phenol oxidizing enzyme in the treatment of tobacco

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102524921A (zh) * 2012-01-19 2012-07-04 云南省烟草公司大理州公司 一种密集式烤房烤后烟叶的加湿回潮方法
CN103271428A (zh) * 2013-05-06 2013-09-04 广东省烟草南雄科学研究所 一种烤烟高温逼熟烟叶的精准密集烘烤工艺
CN106307604A (zh) * 2016-11-22 2017-01-11 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 烟草提取物、提取方法和应用
CN106307604B (zh) * 2016-11-22 2018-01-02 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 烟草提取物、提取方法和应用

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE602004017742D1 (de) 2008-12-24
ITMI20031442A1 (it) 2005-01-16
ATE413821T1 (de) 2008-11-15
WO2005004646A1 (fr) 2005-01-20
US20060144411A1 (en) 2006-07-06
EP1651065A1 (fr) 2006-05-03

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