Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
  • E01D15/00—Movable or portable bridges; Floating bridges
  • E01D15/02—Vertical lift bridges
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
  • E01D18/00—Bridges specially adapted for particular applications or functions not provided for elsewhere, e.g. aqueducts, bridges for supporting pipe-lines

Definitions

• the invention relates to a bridge intended in particular to cross a pass of a navigation lane and comprising a portion in the form of a span, movable in translation in height between a low position for crossing the pass, in which the span rests on parts fixed support for the "bridge and a height clearance position for the pass, and a support structure for the span during its movement as well as means for lifting the span.
• Bridges of this type which are known, have the major drawback of having a complex and bulky structure, insofar as they comprise, on each side of the pass a support structure which requires significant installation works, especially when it is in the water and which must be equipped with lifting means which must be powered and perfectly coordinated, which requires a sophisticated design.
• a bridge according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises only a single support structure, provided with lifting means, which is arranged on one side of the pass to be crossed.
• the bridge is characterized in that the lifting means comprise traction cables, one end of which is fixed to the span and the other end of which is connected to a traction device, passing over pulleys that are part of the support structure.
• the two lifting cables are fixed to each side of the span and pass over a pulley mounted on the support structure in a vertical plane passing through the middle of the span.
• the support structure comprises two beam support pylons each provided at its free end with a pulley over which the cables for lifting the span pass.
• the pylons and the beams are provided with reinforcing elements such as beams or shrouds.
• the means for lifting the span comprise a beam mounted to pivot on a support structure at one end of which the span is suspended, while pivoting actuation means are connected to the other end.
• the span is produced in the form of a self-supporting structure suspended from the end of the beam by suspension cables.
• the span has a lightened structure, carried by a multitude of shrouds, both in its low position for crossing the pass and in its high position for clearing the pass, the shrouds being suspended. at the aforementioned end of the beam.
• a beam is formed by two levers with two arms which are each pivotally mounted on a pylon while being, where appropriate, connected by a cross-member.
• the weight of the span is at least partially offset by counterweights.
• FIGS. 1 and 2 are perspective views of a first embodiment of a bridge according to the invention, the bridge occupying its low position for crossing the pass of a navigation lane;
• FIGs 3 and 4 are perspective views of the embodiment according to Figures 1 and 2, but show this bridge in its elevated position for clearing the pass;
• - Figures 5 and 6 are perspective views of two different embodiments of the bridge according to Figures 1 to 4;
• - Figures 7 and 8 are perspective views which illustrate a second embodiment of a bridge according to the invention in its pass crossing position;
• - Figure 9 is a perspective view of the bridge according to Figures 7 and 8, but shows it in its elevated position of clearance from the pass;
• - Figure 10 is a perspective view of a bridge with two spans according to Figures 7 to 9;
• - Figures 11 and 12 are perspective views of another version of the second embodiment of a bridge according to the invention, illustrating the latter in its position for crossing the pass;
• - Figure 13 is a perspective view of the bridge according to Figures
• a lifting bridge 1 intended to allow the crossing of a pass 2 of a seaway essentially comprises a substantially horizontal, mobile part, in the form of a span 3, which is displaceable in translation, substantially vertically, between a low position for crossing pass 2 and a high position for release of the pass, and of the fixed parts 4, 5, on either side of the span 3 and on which the latter is supported at 7 and 8, by these two ends 9 and 10, in its position 'crossing.
• the bridge also comprises a structure 12 for supporting the span 3 during the movement of the latter between its two positions for crossing the span and clearing the latter, and means 14 which control the movement of the span, called below means of lifting.
• the lifting bridge 1 has only one support structure 12 and only one lifting control device 14, which are mounted on one side of the pass to be crossed 2, namely in the example shown the fixed part 5.
• This fixed support part is, in the examples shown, on one of the banks of the navigation lane, but could also be provided therein.
• the support structure 12 is fixed and essentially comprises on each lateral side of the span 3 a vertical pylon 16 anchored at its lower end in the fixed part of the bank 5 and which carries at its upper end a beam 17 which extends from the pylon while being inclined upwards to approximately the middle of the span 2 and a beam 18 which extends upwards, at a substantially right angle by relative to the beam 17.
• the span 3 is suspended mainly during the lifting at the free end of each beam 17, by means of two lifting cables 20, 21 fixed by one end to the span 3 and caused to pass over a pulley 23 mounted on the end of the beam 17, along this beam, on another pulley 24 located at the top of the pylon and, then inside the pylon 16 to a traction device 25 disposed at the foot thereof.
• This device could be a winch for winding or unwinding the lifting cables 20, 21, or any other suitable traction device, such as a jack.
• each lifting cable 20, 21 is fixed to the bay 3, at one end of the latter.
• each beam Since the span is thus suspended from the free ends of the beams 17, the end of each beam is retained by a stay 27 which extends between this end and the free end of the retaining beam 18, of a part, and between these ends and the fixed part 5 of the bridge on which it is fixed at 28 at an appropriate distance from the foot of the pylon 16 in the plane formed by this pylon and the suspension 17 and retaining beams 18.
• the upper end of each pylon 16 is held in position by a reinforcement leg 30 which extends between the upper end of the pylon and the fixed part in the above-mentioned plane, as seen on Figures 1 to 4 or by two shrouds 32 according to Figure 5.
• Figure 6 shows yet another version of the device for reinforcing the support structure, which comprises an extension of the suspension beam 17, beyond the pylon 16 , a e beam part 36, the end of which is retained at the fixed part 5 by guy lines 37 and which also serves as an anchoring point for the guy line 27 for retaining the free end of the suspension beam 17.
• the support structure 12 can consist of frames located on the sides of the span 2, which are independent or connected by any type of connection. In general, any geometry can be applied to this structure.
• the weight of the span 3 suspended from the support structure 12 can be more or less balanced by counterweights, acting permanently or only during the lifting.
• This second embodiment is characterized by the fact that the lifting of the span 3 is ensured by the tilting of a flail 42 pivotally mounted at the top of the pylons 16.
• the pivoting of the flail is done on rotational bearings, pivots, hard grains or any other tilting mechanism.
• This beam is formed by two levers with two arms 43 connected to each other for example by a cross member 45 at the ends of the front arm 44, to which the span 3 is suspended by suspension cables 46, while at each free end of the rear arm 44 ′, the length of which can be different from that of the front arm, are connected traction cables 48 actuated by a traction device of any suitable nature such as winches or jacks 50.
• This traction device can be associated with a device for anchoring the beam in the fixed part 5, such as cables or bars or gantries, which blocks the tilting of the beam when the span is in the crossing position of the pass and which does not prevent the action of the traction device during lifting.
• a counterweight 52 can be interposed between the end of the edge of the lever 44 'and each cable 48.
• Each two-arm lever 43 has at the point of the support pylon 16 a transverse beam 54, which projects upwards and makes it possible to avoid bending of the lever thanks to the stays 56 and 57 fixed between the end of the beam 54 and the ends of the suspension 44 and traction 44 'arms of the levers 43.
• each pylon 16 comprises a guide path 59 arcuate accordingly on which the l 'adjacent end of bay 3.
• a device for horizontal displacement of the flail pivoting mechanism during lifting could avoid the curvature of this guide path.
• FIG. 10 shows a bridge structure which comprises two separate spans 3, 3 ′ and with independent lifting. Each span is suspended from a beam 42 as described above. The two flails could be mounted on two pairs of pylons 16 or on a device of three pylons, the central pylon indicated at 16 'in Figure 10 would then be common to the two flails.
• the span 3 is a guyed structure, that is to say carried by a multitude of guy lines 62, both in the service position, that is to say in its crossing position represented in FIGS. 11 and 12 only in lifting according to FIG. 13, which allows a simplification of the structure of the span, in particular a reduction, as is apparent from the figures, since the span no longer needs to be self-supporting . This results in a reduction in the weight of the span.
• this version of implementation of the span in the form of a guyed span can also be applied to a bridge with two spans, in accordance with FIG. 9.
• FIG. 16 Another embodiment, very advantageous, is shown in Figure 16.
• the span is not suspended from the beam 42 by means of the suspension device indicated at 64, at its center of gravity - symbolized by the arrow 65, but at a location offset from the center 65 in the direction of the pylons 16 so that the span, when raised, tends to tilt in the direction of the arrow 66.
• the magnitude of this offset identified in the figure by the letter "a” is determined depending on the maximum wind effects that can act on the system.
• the rotation thus caused by the span, when raised, in the direction of the arrow 66 is prevented by pulling the span down on its end on the pylon side 68 by means of a pair of cables 69 which are capable of being each wound on a winch 70 or unwound therefrom.
• Each winch 70 placed at the foot of the pylon 16 unwinds its cable as the span is lifted to ensure tracking in position and its stability, whatever the wind conditions.
• the span is thus stabilized in any direction both by its suspension to the beam and by the follower cable device which controls the rotation of the suspension / span assembly under the beam by preventing it from any untimely pendular movement.
• the movements of unwinding or winding the winches 50 are controlled by the tilting of the beam. It should be noted that the tilting in the direction of arrow 66 could also be caused by a mass which will be added at the level of the far end of the pylons, of the span, as is schematically indicated in 71.
• This version has the advantage that the suspension of the span can be made in its center of gravity.
• multiple modifications can be made to the bridge as shown in the figures.
• the support structures can be designed differently, taking care however that the constituent elements of these structures are preferably stressed in tension or compression.
• the counterweights could be placed differently, integrated or not into the support structures, for example integrated into the beams.
• all types of arrangements for the cable stays, and in particular their number can be envisaged. It should be noted that the invention allows the construction of bridges comprising spans of a considerable length, which can reach 100 m or more.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)

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Publications (2)

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• 2003
  • 2003-09-22 FR FR0311099A patent/FR2860013B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2004
  • 2004-09-01 KR KR1020067005693A patent/KR101144856B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2004-09-01 CN CN2004800272142A patent/CN1856625B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2004-09-01 US US10/571,931 patent/US7557510B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2004-09-01 CA CA2539347A patent/CA2539347C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2004-09-01 EP EP04787279.1A patent/EP1668186B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2004-09-01 WO PCT/FR2004/002223 patent/WO2005033411A1/fr not_active Ceased

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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