Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
  • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
  • F28F9/0219—Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
  • F28F9/0221—Header boxes or end plates formed by stacked elements
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
  • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
  • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
  • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
  • F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
  • F28D1/05358—Assemblies of conduits connected side by side or with individual headers, e.g. section type radiators
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
  • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
  • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
  • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
  • F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
  • F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
  • F28D1/05383—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators with multiple rows of conduits or with multi-channel conduits
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
  • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
  • F28D2001/0253—Particular components
  • F28D2001/026—Cores
  • F28D2001/0266—Particular core assemblies, e.g. having different orientations or having different geometric features
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
  • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
  • F28D2021/0049—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for lubricants, e.g. oil coolers

Definitions

• the invention relates to a circuit element for a heat exchanger, in particular a heat exchanger for the equipment of a motor vehicle. More specifically, it relates to a circuit element for exchanging heat between a first fluid and a second fluid, defining a path for the first fluid.
• It also relates to heat exchangers obtained from these circuit elements, and more particularly to heat exchangers capable of withstanding high pressures.
• exchangers commonly consist of a bundle of parallel tubes mounted between two manifolds, the tubes alternating with interleaves for example corrugated type.
• Exchangers consisting of a single tube folded in the form of a coil are also known. These exchangers have many applications and can especially be used as condensers in motor vehicle air conditioning systems or as oil coolers.
• the exchanger must be of rectangular shape because of the presence of the manifolds.
• it is necessary to add and integrate additional parts, the partitions, in the collector boxes.
• the manufacture of these exchangers is also difficult because it is necessary to punch and pop the collector plates. It is difficult to thread small tubes into a large collector with low tolerances.
• the manufacture of these exchangers is more expensive because the components are made by machining material.
• the coil exchangers do not allow passes to be made. Their manufacture is long because it is difficult to industrialize. It takes a long time to make a coil with a machine. As a result, heat exchangers made with this technology have a higher cost price than tube and collector heat exchangers.
• US 6196304 A proposes a heat exchanger comprising a stack of circuit elements.
• Each circuit element has a tube and two spacers that overlap the ends of the tubes. The ends of each tube are previously crushed and welded so that the fluid that passes through each tube can enter or exit only through transverse openings made in end regions of the tube, and not by the closed ends of the tube.
• Each spacer element is obtained from a folded sheet metal strip to form two branches.
• the branches of each spacer may comprise a transverse passage shaped to face the opening of the tube in the corresponding end zone, which forms a communication passage.
• the first fluid can flow from a given tube to an adjacent tube through this communication passage.
• the spacer members that overlap the ends of a given tube are in contact with the spacer members that overlap the ends of the adjacent tubes, and thereby provide a gap between two adjacent tubes to form a passage for the second fluid. This spacing allows in addition to placing a spacer in the passage duct to improve heat exchange.
• FR 2834336 A proposes an exchanger also comprising a stack of circuit elements. Each circuit element
• the tip 15 comprises at least one tube and at least one endpiece at one end of the tube.
• the tip comprises at least one communication passage that defines the path of a first fluid. This tip does not have the drawbacks of the spacer element proposed by US 6196304 A, insofar as it comprises
• each endpiece according to FR 2834336 A comprises at least one generally frustoconical boss.
• the bosses facing two adjacent circuit elements are in abutment and thus define the spacing between two adjacent tubes.
• the pitch between two adjacent tubes of the exchanger 0 is increased by the presence of the bosses, and the performance of the exchanger is not optimal.
• such an exchanger is not very resistant to high pressures because the bosses can be deformed.
• the present invention relates to a hydraulic circuit element for a heat exchanger which overcomes these disadvantages known from the prior art.
• the invention proposes a hydraulic circuit element 0, for heat exchange between a first fluid and a second fluid, defining a path for the first fluid.
• the circuit element comprises at least one tube having at least one open end and a tip, the tip comprising a bottom sealing said end and a side wall surrounding the tube adjacent said end.
• the side wall has at least one opening in communication with a lateral opening of the tube to help define the path of the first fluid.
• the side wall of the nozzle applies tightly to the tube over its entire surface.
• circuit element according to the invention complementary or substitution, are set out below:
• each endpiece consists of a sheet metal strip pressed to form the bottom and folded to form two branches, the side wall comprising the branches. - The two branches of each tip are of equal length.
• the two branches of each end are of unequal length. -
• the branches have a generally flat surface.
• the said tube or tubes are generally flat.
• each tube has multiple channels.
• the circuit element comprises a single tube having a terminal end at each end thereof.
• the circuit element consists of several tubes, an intermediate nozzle being present between two successive tubes.
• circuit element characterized in that it has a rectilinear shape.
• the circuit element has a broken general shape.
• the invention further proposes a heat exchanger, in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising a stack of circuit elements according to one of the preceding characteristics communicating with each other via the openings of the end pieces to allow a passage of the first fluid. between the circuit elements.
• a heat exchanger in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising a stack of circuit elements according to one of the preceding characteristics communicating with each other via the openings of the end pieces to allow a passage of the first fluid. between the circuit elements.
• circuit elements come into contact with the branches of their respective ends when they are stacked, so that the branches of a circuit element rest on the branches of the adjacent circuit elements.
• the heat exchanger contains a refrigerant fluid as the first fluid and the cooling liquid as a second fluid.
• the heat exchanger contains a refrigerant fluid as a first fluid and as a second fluid.
• the heat exchanger contains the oil as the first fluid and the coolant as the second fluid.
• the pitch p tUb ⁇ ⁇ 3 u i separates the respective tubes of two adjacent circuit elements is equal to 2 * e branch + e tube , where e branch refers to the thickness of a branch of a tip and e tube refers to tube thickness.
• the heat exchanger has two brazed side plates on the stack of circuit elements.
• the exchanger comprises an outer casing in which is arranged the stack of circuit elements.
• the outer casing consists of casing elements brazed together.
• the housing elements comprise half-shells, and two covers welded to the ends formed by the half-shells.
• the outer housing is a plastic molded part in which is placed the stack of soldered circuit elements.
• the heat exchanger comprises a turbulator arranged in the space delimited by two adjacent circuit elements.
• FIG. 1 is a view of a tube exchanger and collector boxes according to the prior art
• FIG. 2 is a view of a coil heat exchanger according to the prior art
• FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an exchanger according to the present invention.
• FIG. 4a is a partial perspective view of the right portion of the exchanger shown in Figure 3;
• FIG. 4b is a perspective view of a circuit element of the exchanger shown in FIG. 3;
• FIG. 8a is a perspective view of the end of an exemplary tube comprising a communication opening
• Figure 8b is a longitudinal sectional view of the end of a circuit element according to the invention
• FIGS. 9 and 10 are various views which show folding steps of a sheet metal strip to form a tip having branches of unequal lengths
• FIG. 11 to 13 are partial perspective views of an exchanger according to the present invention.
• FIGS. 14 to 16 are perspective views of an exchanger according to a first embodiment of the invention.
• FIGS. 17 to 19 are perspective views of an exchanger according to a second embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 1 shows a heat exchanger of the conventional type comprising a bundle of flat tubes interposed between two collecting boxes.
• the beam 2 is formed of a multiplicity of flat tubes 4 arranged parallel to each other and alternating with corrugated inserts 6. These spacers are formed from a metal strip which is deformed to form corrugations.
• An interlayer 6 is disposed between two adjacent tubes 4 and comes into respective contact with these two tubes 4 by end regions of the corrugations.
• the tubes 4 of the bundle are inserted, at each of their ends, in openings made in collector plates 8, also called collectors.
• the collector plates 8 are closed by a cover 9 to form collector boxes 10, for example coolant or air boxes.
• FIG 2 Another known type of exchanger, namely a coil exchanger.
• the exchanger consists of a single tube 14 folded in the form of a coil. Corrugated spacers 6 may be arranged between the back and forth of the coil.
• An exchanger of this type is simpler than the tube and manifold beam exchanger shown in Figure 1. It has fewer parts. However, the industrialization of its manufacture is delicate and in total, a coil exchanger is more expensive to manufacture than a tube and collector heat exchanger. In addition, an exchanger of this type can not be arranged to include passes.
• the heat exchanger consists of stacked circuit elements 20.
• FIG. 4b shows a circuit element according to the invention.
• Each circuit element 20 consists of a tube 22 having two "open" ends, that is to say that allow the entry of fluid into the tube or the outlet of the fluid from the tube.
• a circuit element may comprise several tubes.
• a tip 24 is attached to each open end of the tube 22.
• Each tip 24 includes a side wall which surrounds the tube on an end portion which is located adjacent the associated open end.
• the side wall is closely supported on the tube 22 over its entire surface, in particular to prevent swelling of the tube when the first fluid reaches high pressures.
• each endpiece consists of a sheet metal strip stamped and folded to form a bottom 42 and two branches 31 of generally flat surface and without boss, shown in Figure 4b.
• the lateral part of the tip 24 is constituted by the two branches 31.
• FIG. 3 does not show the delimitation between the upper branch and the lower branch, and the bottom of the tip for clarity and to simplify the representation of the general structure of the invention.
• the circuit elements are shaped such that, when stacked, the lower (respectively upper) branch of a tip of a circuit element 20 bears with the upper (respectively lower) branch of the element. adjacent circuit.
• the surface of the branches comprises an outwardly frustoconical boss and the bosses facing two adjacent circuit elements are supported.
• the contact area between two adjacent circuit elements according to the present invention is greater than in FR 2834336 A.
• each nozzle has at least one opening which communicates with a lateral opening of the associated tube 22.
• a branch 31 of a nozzle 24 may be full, that is to say have no opening. In this case, it does not allow the passage of the first fluid.
• a branch 31 of a tip 24 may include an opening that allows the passage of the first fluid.
• the closed branches are shown schematically by a small hatched circle 28a, and the perforated branches, allowing the passage of the first fluid, by a small circle 28b without hatching.
• These small circles 28a and 28b are connected to the corresponding branch by a dotted line for clarity.
• the opening 28b of the branch of a tip 24 is represented by a small unhatched rectangle while the absence of opening of the branch of a tip is designated by a small hatched rectangle.
• the lateral openings of the tube are designated 220.
• each tube 22 has been assembled with its respective ends 24, beforehand.
• the ends of each tube allow the passage of the first fluid through the openings 28b of the branches and corresponding openings 220 of the tubes. They also make it possible to retain the fluid that can escape from the tube, thanks to the bottom 42 shown in FIGS. 4a and 4b.
• the surface of the branches 31 is tightly applied to the tube, which allows in particular to keep it tight.
• the first fluid enters the exchanger in the upper right portion of the exchanger, as shown schematically by the arrow 30.
• the first fluid moves from right to left (arrow 32) and runs through the upper tube 22 of the exchanger.
• the fluid reaches the nozzle 24 located in the left part (according to Figure 3) of the upper tube 22 of the exchanger.
• the upper branch is closed (28a), while the lower branch of the nozzle 24 has an opening (28b).
• the fluid can thus pass from the upper circuit element 20 to the immediately lower circuit element, as shown schematically by the arrow 34.
• the first fluid then flows through the second circuit element 20 from left to right according to FIGS. At the right end of the second circuit element 20, it passes into the lower circuit element (arrow 36) through the openings 28b provided in the branches of the adjacent tips, as previously described.
• the fluid thus makes a series of trips back and forth in the tubes of the circuit elements from right to left and from left to right, exactly as in a coil exchanger of the type shown in FIG. 2.
• the first fluid leaves the exchanger in the left part of the latter, as schematized by the arrow 38.
• the first fluid is in heat exchange relation with a second fluid which circulates between the tubes in the axial direction of the tubes 22.
• the absence of boss on the surface of the tips 24 decreases the risk of deformation at the contacts between the tubes, when the first fluid reaches high pressures.
• the circuit elements according to the invention also make it possible to reduce the pitch between the adjacent tubes in the exchanger, with respect to the circuit elements provided with bosses of FR 2834336 A.
• a heat exchanger has been made in a simple manner, allowing a heat exchange between a first fluid to high pressure, and a second fluid at low pressure, in particular the engine coolant or a heat exchange between a first fluid at high pressure, and a second fluid at high pressure, for example an exchange between a first fluid C0 2 and a second fluid C0 2 .
• Such an exchanger is able to withstand high pressures without requiring additional reinforcement or machining of the exchanger components.
• an exchanger which defines a path for the first fluid similar to that of a coil exchanger.
• the production of the exchanger from the circuit elements according to the invention makes the exchanger modular and makes it possible to obtain different types of paths.
• the number and the length of the circuit elements can be chosen as a function of the size of the installation in which the exchanger (for example an automobile air-conditioning system) is used, the performances required for the heat exchange etc.
• FIGS. 5 to 7 show different views of a nozzle 24 intended for a circuit element 20 of a heat exchanger according to the invention, in particular a heat exchanger represented in FIGS. 3 to 4b.
• the tips are made by stamping and bending a metal sheet strip, preferably aluminum, to form two branches 31 generally flat surface and without boss. The stamping allows for possible openings of the branches. As a simplification, the openings 28b are not shown in FIGS. 5 to 7.
• a stamp 42 is formed in the aluminum strip between the branches 31.
• the stamp 42 forms the bottom of the nozzle 24.
• the sheet metal strip is then folded so as to bring the two branches together, as can be seen on Figure 6.
• the stamping is shaped to accommodate an end of the corresponding tube so as to retain the liquid exiting this end. It thus prevents the liquid from escaping in the axial direction of the tube after assembly of the circuit element.
• the section of the stamping 42 is adapted to the section of the corresponding tube and the bottom of the stamping may be substantially rounded so that the corresponding end does not rest entirely against the bottom wall of the stamped 42.
• the stamp 42 allows to provide an interior volume to retain the fluid from the end of the tube while providing satisfactory resistance to high pressures.
• the tips allow not only the passage of the first fluid of a given tube to the adjacent tube but also the closure of the open end of the tubes.
• the manufacture of the exchanger will therefore include a production station for producing the tubes, a press for producing the end pieces and an automatic machine for inserting the end pieces on the tubes. Then passes directly to the assembly of the exchanger by superposition circuit elements thus manufactured. The assembly is then assembled by soldering.
• FIG. 8a shows a perspective view of an open end of a tube 22 for constituting a circuit element according to the invention.
• This tube is preferably a multi-channel extruded tube to withstand high pressures. It comprises for example seven channels 46 separated by six partition walls 48.
• Such a tube is intended, in particular, to contain a fluid under high pressure.
• the partition walls 48 reinforce the tube and prevent it from bulging under the pressure of the fluid.
• the tube has a lateral circular opening 220 on one of its end portions or on both of its end portions (only one end shown) as it is connected to one or two end pieces.
• This opening 220 of the tube is adapted to the possible openings 28b of the corresponding nozzle.
• the tip 24 is fitted on the end of the tube so that the opening 220 is located substantially opposite the opening or openings 28b of the branches 31, which forms the passage of the first fluid.
• Figure 8b is a longitudinal sectional view of the end of a circuit element 24 according to the invention.
• the tip 24 of the circuit element shown has two branches 31 of thickness e branch , the upper branch having an opening 28b while the lower branch has no opening.
• the tip is fitted into a tube 22 of thickness e tube , which has an opening 220 of diameter greater than or equal to the diameter of the opening 28b of the upper tube.
• the tube 22 has several channels 46 which open into the opening 220 of the tube.
• the tip comprises a stamping having a U-shaped bottom and auxiliary openings 45 to facilitate brazing.
• the outer diameter of the tube is substantially equal to the internal diameter of the nozzle.
• FIG. 9 shows a perspective view of another embodiment of a nozzle according to the present invention. It differs from previous tips in that the two branches 31 are of different lengths.
• the tips shown in Figures 3 to 8b all have branches of the same length which are superimposed and bear against each other when fully folded as can be seen for example in Figure 7
• the tip shown in Figure 9 has branches 31 of different lengths. Each branch has a generally flat surface and no boss. Endpieces having branches 31 of unequal lengths make it possible, for example, to adapt the geometrical shape of the exchanger to the space available in the vehicle. This facilitates its implementation and is an advantage over the exchangers that use manifolds 10 ( Figure 1) and must necessarily be rectangular.
• the exchanger consists of circuit elements comprising a single tube 22.
• the circuit elements which constitute the exchanger of the invention may also comprise two tubes as shown in FIG. 11 or more than two tubes as shown in Figure 12, for example three or more tubes.
• each circuit element 20 comprises two different types of ferrules: on the one hand the end ferrules or end ferrules 24 described previously,
• the intermediate tips differ from terminal ends by the fact that they are connected to two separate tubes, instead of being attached to the end of a single tube.
• the circuit elements of the exchanger shown in FIG. 11 comprise a single intermediate nozzle 124.
• the circuit elements of the exchanger shown in FIG. 12 comprise two intermediate tips 124.
• FIG. 13 shows a perspective view which illustrates the production of an intermediate nozzle 124.
• Intermediate tips such as end caps, are obtained from a sheet, preferably an aluminum sheet. At first, this sheet is cut to obtain a Y shape (not shown). The Y shape is folded in two and the edges are folded so as to obtain a closed form of upper and lower faces generally flat and without boss, as shown in Figure 13. A tube 22 is then fitted to each of the ends of this closed form.
• the intermediate tips may have an angle as shown in Figures 11, 12 and 13. However, the intermediate tips could also be straight.
• the invention is also not limited to tube 22 described above with reference to FIG. 8. In fact, other types of tubes may be used.
• the tube 22 shown in Figure 20 is similar to the tube 22 of Figure 8a, except that it is made by shaping a folded sheet 70 and not by extrusion.
• This sheet 70 has two longitudinal edges 72 which are joined together.
• this sheet has internal folds 74 adapted to define partitions defining seven interior channels 46.
• the tube further comprises a lateral circular opening 220 similar to that of the tube of Figure 8a.
• Such a tube is particularly suitable for use in an oil cooler.
• FIG. 21 Another example of tube 22 is shown in FIG. 21.
• This tube internally houses a corrugated insert 76, which makes it possible to define a multiplicity of circulation channels 46 inside the tube. It further comprises a lateral circular opening 220 similar to that of the tube of Figure 8a.
• Such a tube is also suitable for use in an oil cooler.
• the circuit element of the invention can be used to realize different types of heat exchanger and in particular condensers for motor vehicle air conditioning plants and oil coolers.
• Figures 14 to 16 illustrate an exchanger according to a first embodiment of the invention.
• the exchanger shown is able to withstand high pressures typically greater than 100 bar. It is particularly suitable for use with: a first fluid at high pressure (especially greater than 100 bar), for example the refrigerant C0 2 (R744) or the fluid R134a, and a second fluid at low pressure (especially less than 10 bar), for example the liquid engine cooling.
• a first fluid at high pressure especially greater than 100 bar
• a second fluid at low pressure especially less than 10 bar
• This exchanger can be used as cooler or oil heater and in this case heat exchange occurs between the oil (first fluid) and the engine coolant (second fluid).
• It can also be used as a heat exchanger for automotive air conditioning systems operating with refrigerant C0 2 or R744.
• the coolant can be used as an evaporator between the fluid C0 2 and the coolant to be cooled.
• the coolant then circulates in a "cold" radiator in the ventilation and air conditioning unit of the passenger compartment of the vehicle.
• FIG. 14 shows a partial perspective view of a heat exchanger 2 'according to the first embodiment of the invention. This view shows a beam of circuit elements 20 obtained by assembling the prior to each tube 22 with its respective tips and stacking the circuit elements on each other.
• FIG. 14 shows, in particular, the inlet and outlet pipes 58 and 60 of the first fluid.
• the path of the first fluid is illustrated by arrows in broken lines and the path of the second fluid by arrows in solid lines.
• the first high pressure fluid circulates alternately in the tubes 22 as previously described, thanks to the structure of the circuit elements.
• the outlet tubing 52 of the second fluid is shown in FIG.
• the bundle of stacked tubes 35 is arranged in an outer casing 64 consisting of several casing elements brazed together after placement of the bundle. Side plates are previously brazed to the beam to force the flow of the second fluid between the tubes.
• Fig. 16 which shows an enlarged detail of Fig. 14, the tubes 22 of a circuit element are shown with their respective end-pieces 24.
• small-channel tubes made by extrusion for good resistance to high pressures, especially greater than 130 bar.
• FIG 15 is an external view of the housing 64 of the exchanger 2 'after assembly.
• the inlet and outlet pipes 58 and 60 of the first fluid are generally oriented in the normal direction to the faces of the tubes (z axis) and the inlet and outlet pipes 50 and 52 of the second fluid are generally oriented in the perpendicular direction. to the axis of the tubes and to the faces of the tubes (x-axis).
• a housing 64 allows the circulation of the second fluid to low pressure, in the exchanger. This housing consists of two half-housings 640 and 641 brazed together.
• the housing 64 tightly channels the fluid flowing between the tubes, which improves the heat exchange.
• the heat exchanger described above also has a satisfactory resistance to high pressures unlike the exchangers of the prior art which use the coolant as a second fluid.
• FIGS 17 to 19 illustrate an exchanger according to a second embodiment of the invention.
• the exchanger shown is able to withstand high pressures typically greater than 100 bar. It is suitable for use with: a first fluid at high pressure (especially greater than 100 bar), for example the refrigerant C0 2 (R744), and a second fluid at high pressure, also the refrigerant C0 2 for example.
• a first fluid at high pressure especially greater than 100 bar
• the refrigerant C0 2 R744
• a second fluid at high pressure also the refrigerant C0 2 for example.
• It can be used as a heat exchanger for automotive air-conditioning circuits operating with the refrigerant C0 2 , such as the internal heat exchanger (IHX internai Heat Exchanger).
• the internal heat exchanger IHX internai Heat Exchanger
• FIG 17 is an overall perspective view showing a heat exchanger 2 "according to the second embodiment of the invention, the exchanger comprises a bundle of tubes 35". This beam consists of a stack of circuit elements according to the invention.
• the circuit elements of the tube bundle 35 "define a passage for the circulation of the first fluid, as previously described.
• FIG. 17 shows the outlet pipe 60 "of the first fluid, the circulation of the first fluid is illustrated by arrows in broken lines.
• Figure 17 also shows the inlet pipe 50 "of the second fluid, the pipe 50" is prefixed on the beam 35 ", the circulation of the second fluid is illustrated by the arrows in solid lines, and the second fluid at high pressure circulates between the tubes outside in the axial direction of the tubes and in the opposite direction to the flow direction of the first fluid.
• the beam 35 is arranged in a housing 64" consisting of several housing elements brazed together after introduction of the beam.
• this housing consists of two half-shells 640 "and 641" brazed together to form substantially a cylinder and two side covers, in particular in the form of a half-sphere, which close the ends of the cylinder. Only a cover 642 "is shown in FIG. 17 to reveal the inner elements of the exchanger 2".
• FIG. 19 which is a partial view on a larger scale of the exchanger, the tubes 22 are shown with their respective end-pieces 24.
• the tubes are also small-channel tubes that can be obtained by extrusion for holding at high pressures. , especially above 130 bar ..
• the outer casing is obtained by brazing the casing elements and the circuit elements in a single operation.
• the outer casing may be a molded plastic part, in which is placed the stack of pre-brazed circuit elements.
• a turbulator can be added in the space between the tubes in the exchangers of the first and second modes of embodiment of the invention to improve heat exchange and mechanical strength. It can be realized with the wheel o stamped. When assembling the components of the exchanger, it is brazed on the tubes.
• the heat exchangers described above according to the first and second embodiment of the invention are not limited to use for a functioning air conditioning system with refrigerant C0 2, • and can use any kind of fluid to achieve the heat exchange (gas, multi-phase liquid, etc.). Furthermore, the invention is not limited to the exchangers described above according to the first and second embodiments. Other types of heat exchangers made from the circuit element of the invention can be envisaged.
• such exchangers may comprise: a bundle consisting of stacked circuit elements according to the invention; - side plates brazed with the beam; and - housing elements, welded together to form an outer casing after introduction of the beam, this outer casing channeling the second fluid, or a molded plastic casing in which is placed the stack of brazed circuit elements beforehand .
• the use of circuit elements in the exchangers makes it possible to simplify their manufacture.
• the manufacturing process of the exchangers in accordance with the invention can thus comprise: the pre-assembly of the tubes with their respective tips, the stacking of the circuit elements, to form the beam,
• circuit elements in the exchangers according to the invention thus makes it possible to obtain both a simplified and less expensive structure than the embodiments of the prior art, a resistance to high pressures, a reduced pitch between tubes. beam tubes, a reduced footprint, and a satisfactory heat exchange.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
• Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)

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• 2003
  • 2003-09-26 FR FR0311305A patent/FR2860288B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2004
  • 2004-09-27 PL PL04787454T patent/PL1676088T3/pl unknown
  • 2004-09-27 WO PCT/FR2004/002431 patent/WO2005031237A2/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2004-09-27 EP EP04787454.0A patent/EP1676088B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime

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