EP1682306A1 - Procede pour realiser a l'aide d'un laser une ligne de rupture dans une partie de revetement interieur de vehicule pourvue d'une couche decorative en cuir - Google Patents

Procede pour realiser a l'aide d'un laser une ligne de rupture dans une partie de revetement interieur de vehicule pourvue d'une couche decorative en cuir

Info

Publication number
EP1682306A1
EP1682306A1 EP04802696A EP04802696A EP1682306A1 EP 1682306 A1 EP1682306 A1 EP 1682306A1 EP 04802696 A EP04802696 A EP 04802696A EP 04802696 A EP04802696 A EP 04802696A EP 1682306 A1 EP1682306 A1 EP 1682306A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
leather
line
weakness
laser
trim part
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04802696A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Frank Steinhäuser
Walter Lutze
Martin Griebel
Norbert Preuss
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Jenoptik Automatisierungstechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Jenoptik Automatisierungstechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jenoptik Automatisierungstechnik GmbH filed Critical Jenoptik Automatisierungstechnik GmbH
Publication of EP1682306A1 publication Critical patent/EP1682306A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. by ultrasonic waves, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
    • D06M10/005—Laser beam treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/18—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using absorbing layers on the workpiece, e.g. for marking or protecting purposes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/36—Removing material
    • B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
    • B23K26/382—Removing material by boring or cutting by boring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/60—Preliminary treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C59/007—Forming single grooves or ribs, e.g. tear lines, weak spots
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
    • C14B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OR PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES OR LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES
    • C14B5/00—Clicking, perforating, or cutting leather
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/30—Organic materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/30—Organic materials
    • B23K2103/42—Plastics other than composite materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/50—Inorganic materials other than metals or composite materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2791/00—Shaping characteristics in general
    • B29C2791/004—Shaping under special conditions
    • B29C2791/009—Using laser
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
    • B29L2031/3005—Body finishings
    • B29L2031/3008—Instrument panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/20—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components
    • B60R21/215—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components characterised by the covers for the inflatable member
    • B60R21/2165—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components characterised by the covers for the inflatable member characterised by a tear line for defining a deployment opening
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
    • Y10T156/1052—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with cutting, punching, tearing or severing
    • Y10T156/1056—Perforating lamina
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
    • Y10T156/1052—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with cutting, punching, tearing or severing
    • Y10T156/1056—Perforating lamina
    • Y10T156/1057—Subsequent to assembly of laminae

Definitions

  • the leather is weakened by cutting or 20 peeling with a knife from the bottom.
  • leather is a general term for tanned hides, the original fiber structure of which is largely preserved. Unless there are crevices or parts of the skin that were cut off before tanning and are generally not used as automotive leather, it consists of an epidermis and a leather skin.
  • the epidermis although it only makes up a fraction of the total thickness of the leather, is essentially decisive for the tensile strength. Due to the fluctuations in the thickness of the leather and the relatively small thickness of the epidermis, a depth of cut is selected when cutting with a knife, at which the epidermis remains uninjured. This has the disadvantage that the tear resistance of the leather is only reduced by about half, even if the leather skin is completely severed.
  • the object of the known methods is basically to control or regulate the removal of material in such a way that the surface of the vehicle interior trim part visible from the passenger compartment does not allow the line of weakness to be seen with the naked eye and the tensile strength along the line of weakness is defined and as low as possible.
  • EP 0 711 627 A2 discusses the difficulties in creating such lines of weakness using different technologies. It is mentioned that the groove depth of the line of weakness must be carefully controlled in order to reliably break the outer cover layer (decorative layer) at exactly the right time. On the one hand, the groove depth should not be too small, so the resistance to be overcome when opening is not too great; on the other hand, enough material should remain so that the line of weakness is not externally visible. It is also mentioned that in the case of cover layers which have an irregular inner surface, the groove depth must be controlled so that the remaining wall thickness is constant.
  • EP 0 71 1 627 A2 proposes notching a continuous groove by means of a laser beam, the laser beam being controlled in order to achieve a constant thickness of the material remaining below the groove or a constant groove depth.
  • the groove with different depth should be created in a part consisting of a carrier layer, a foam layer and a decorative layer.
  • the carrier layer is completely severed and at least part of the foam layer is penetrated, up to the point where the foam layer is completely penetrated into the decorative layer.
  • the remaining wall thickness below the groove cannot be minimized indefinitely, otherwise the groove will become visible when the residual material sinks into the groove. If the foam layer is to be at least partially retained as a support layer for the decorative layer, the decorative layer cannot be weakened.
  • the residual material in the form of a groove must be so strong that it does not sink into the groove and is therefore visible. This sinking in will The concatenation of blind holes, even with smaller residual wall thicknesses, is prevented by the webs remaining between the blind holes, which act as a support. A constant tensile strength over the entire perforation line can also be achieved if the blind holes have different residual wall thicknesses that are repeated periodically.
  • blind holes of different residual wall thickness is based on the idea that small residual wall thicknesses and narrow webs can lead to strong thermal stress, which, like material slackening as a result of aging, cause the residual material to sink into the blind holes and the line of weakness to become visible.
  • the material is removed periodically at different depths into the decorative layer. At shallower depths, significantly larger web widths are retained in the foam layer and the decorative layer is subjected to less thermal stress. If the tear strength is only slightly increased, the risk of the resulting visibility is better avoided.
  • the distance between the blind holes penetrating the decorative layer must be chosen to be very large so that a web made of foam is actually retained.
  • the radiation energy necessary for the removal of the carrier layer and decorative layer is so high that the foam layer burns extensively around the blind hole.
  • the large distance between the blind holes leads, in particular in the case of firmer materials in the decorative layer, to the fact that the opening force required is too high.
  • the solutions shown are compromise solutions between the smallest possible residual wall thickness or a small web width, on the one hand, in order to make the opening resistance of the line of weakness low and a sufficiently large residual wall thickness and large web width, on the other hand, so that the line of weakness is not visible to the occupant.
  • DE 195 40 563 A1 shows an instrument panel for motor vehicles covered with a film and having an integrated airbag flap.
  • the film decorative layer
  • the idea of the invention in this solution is that the visual perceptibility of the line of weakness is reduced by the line of weakness being covered by a laser-treated track.
  • DE 196 36 428 A1 proposes to produce a line of weakness alternating around the actual predetermined breaking line, which line is similar to the surface structure of the decorative layer.
  • the solutions shown are all not suitable for producing a predetermined breaking line not visible to the naked eye in a decorative layer consisting of natural leather, in particular automotive leather or a vehicle interior trim part with such a decorative layer.
  • the tests have shown that the leather forms a visible appearance under the influence of the laser radiation along the predetermined breaking line. This phenomenon can essentially be explained by burning with laser radiation and the associated contraction of the collagen fibers as a result of the thermal stress. This can be raised by a subsequent smoothing process, e.g. B. almost eliminate by rubbing, rolling or brushing, but this is particularly difficult and not permanent if the leather is already bonded with the other layers of material of the vehicle interior trim part.
  • airbag covers usually have a vinyl layer as a decorative layer, which is notched along the tear line and is therefore weakened.
  • leather would be desirable as a more luxurious alternative to vinyl as a decorative layer for an airbag cover, it cannot be used for this purpose because it is not sensitive to notches. Its soft and flexible nature is not suitable for deliberately tearing, even if the leather is notched appropriately.
  • embrittle the leather along the intended tear line by partially impregnating it with a hardener.
  • An example of the hardener is lacquer, which becomes brittle when hardened. According to the invention, the hardened strip is notched and is therefore weakened by a reduced thickness and the notch sensitivity of the hardened leather strip.
  • Notch sensitivity is a technical term known to the applicant, which is used for the tendency of a material to develop cracks at notched areas, sharp edges or abrupt changes in wall thickness, that is to say at locations with stress concentration.
  • the notched impact strength can be measured on a notched sample.
  • Impact strength is a measure of the material's ability to absorb impact energy and impact energy without breaking.
  • notch sensitivity was used in the sense described in US Pat. No. 5,651,564, which was filed in 1993. From the description it can be seen that the notch is understood to mean cutting, the cut penetrating, for example, into the middle of the leather thickness. A peeling could also be inferred from the drawing, in which the material is not only separated but also removed, creating a groove. The notching process should probably be a mechanical process. As explained in US Pat. No. 5,61,564, the notch is not sufficient to tear the leather along this notch.
  • laser perforation is from the aspect of an aesthetic result, i. H. that the line of weakness remains invisible from the visible side of the leather, can be applied to leather, as visible poses arise during laser perforation.
  • the invention is based on the object of introducing a weakening line by means of a laser into a decorative layer made of leather, in particular automotive leather or a vehicle interior trim part with such a decorative layer, which has a low defined tear strength and is not visible to the naked eye for the vehicle occupant.
  • This object is achieved for a method for producing a vehicle interior trim part with a decorative layer made of leather according to claim 1.
  • the fiber structure of the leather (in particular consisting of collagen fibers) is fixed at least along the desired line of weakness before treatment with a laser. This can be done by strong hypothermia or by applying a fixative. Since the method according to the invention can also be used advantageously for split leather or polished leather, which only consists of the leather skin, the bottom 3 and the decor side 4 of the leather should be mentioned for the following explanations.
  • the free surface of the dermis 2 is the underside 3 and the free visible side of the Epidermis 1 the decorative side 4.
  • the fibers are fixed in the leather, so that the leather remains unchanged outside the immediate effective zone of the laser and consequently avoiding any accruing along the line of weakness become.
  • fixing agents which do not cause any chemical changes in the leather.
  • the fixatives should either essentially not change the flexibility of the leather, such as breathable coatings, or as they are already used when dressing the leather, or their effect should be reversible if they stiffen the leather.
  • Fig. 1 shows a cross section through the processed leather
  • a line of weakness is to be introduced separately into a single leather layer.
  • This can e.g. B. then be advantageous if a prefabricated dashboard, in which an outlet opening is provided for an airbag or a vehicle interior trim part with body edges protruding into the passenger compartment, is to be covered with leather.
  • the finished leather is treated with a fixing agent before the actual processing with laser radiation, as is known in principle from the prior art.
  • the fixative is preferably applied over the entire surface to the underside 3 of the leather by suitable methods, such as. B. applied by brushing or spraying, so that any noticeable changes in the leather have no effect on the homogeneous overall impression. To save fixative, it can only be applied along the desired line of weakness.
  • Fixing agents are advantageous, the effect of which is limited in time and thus does not influence the long-term properties of the leather.
  • the desired effects were already achieved by applying a commercially available hair lacquer or spray.
  • the application of a fixative before laser processing has not only a positive effect when processing leather but also of other fibrous materials, such as. B. Flow.
  • the fixing agent penetrates the leather along the desired line of weakness and fixes the fibers in the leather after it has set, which counteracts a change in the fiber structure in the vicinity of the immediate area of action of the laser radiation as a result of the heat input.
  • a drying phase as recommended by the manufacturer for the fixative used, the actual laser treatment can begin.
  • a drying phase of 2-15 minutes has proven to be sufficient.
  • Fig. 1 shows a cross section through a leather, consisting of the skin 1, with a decorative side 4 and the leather skin 2, with an underside 3.
  • the fixing agent 5 applied to the underside 3 has partially penetrated the leather (in the drawing as darkened Area shown).
  • the line of weakness introduced by means of laser radiation consists of a large number of perforation holes 6.
  • the laser parameters such as pulse duration and power are selected in coordination with the feed rate so that the perforation holes 6 are so small in diameter on the visible surface of the leather that they are of the same size as the pores in the leather and are therefore not perceptible to the naked eye are.
  • the material removal in the skin 1 of the leather leads to a significant reduction in the tensile strength.
  • material removal in the dermis results in only a slight reduction in the tensile strength along the line of weakness.
  • the least possible material removal in the dermis and thus a low thermal load on the dermis is advantageous for permanent invisibility of the line of weakness.
  • the tensile strength along the predetermined breaking line and thus the necessary tear force is essentially determined by the distance between the perforation holes 6 and the tensile strength of the leather as such.
  • the fluctuation range of the breaking strength along the predetermined breaking line is also significantly smaller. It corresponds to the requirement for a defined tear force.
  • the method according to the invention is not only suitable for producing predetermined breaking lines in leather, but also for producing buckling lines. It is not the low defined tear force that is important here, but rather the material removal in the dermis.
  • the person skilled in the art knows how to choose the process parameters in order, for. B. to generate a continuous depth removal (groove).
  • the method according to the invention is also suitable for producing visible hole patterns in the leather for informative or decorative purposes.
  • the process parameters are selected so that clearly visible holes are created in a predetermined pattern.
  • the leather can also only together with other layers forming a vehicle interior trim part, such as. B. described in EP 711 627, connected and exposed to the laser treatment in combination.
  • the first layers can be processed quickly with a continuously controlled laser, while the leather is applied with ultra-short pulses as described. It is clear to the person skilled in the art that the other layer structure and in particular the material of the layer connected to the leather is not essential to the invention. So the leather z. B. directly on a plastic carrier, the z. B. forms a steering wheel cap, a synthetic spacer fabric, a foam layer, a textile layer or a film can be applied.
  • the fixing agent can also penetrate into the leather during the gluing onto the layer underneath.
  • a fixing agent is added to the adhesive and applied either to the leather or to the layer to which the leather is applied. It is also possible to establish the adhesive bond between the leather and the layer underneath by means of a two-component adhesive, one component each being applied to the leather and one component to the layer underneath, and when the components are connected a fixing agent is released which is incorporated into the leather penetrates.
  • the fiber structure can also be fixed by subcooling the leather immediately before laser processing or by shrinking the leather.
  • the supercooling, pre-shrinking or application of a fixing agent 5 before the laser treatment prevents the leather from being thrown up during the laser treatment.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de production d'une partie de revêtement intérieur de véhicule pourvue d'une couche décorative. Selon ledit procédé, avant la réalisation par laser d'une ligne de rupture au moins en suivant la trajectoire désirée et pendant la durée de l'usinage par laser, la structure fibreuse du cuir est fixée par surrefroidissement ou à l'aide d'un agent de fixage (5). Le cuivre est constitué d'un derme (2) présentant une face inférieure (3) et d'un épiderme (1) pourvu d'une face décorée. La ligne de rupture est, de préférence, formée par une série de trous (6).
EP04802696A 2003-11-07 2004-11-05 Procede pour realiser a l'aide d'un laser une ligne de rupture dans une partie de revetement interieur de vehicule pourvue d'une couche decorative en cuir Withdrawn EP1682306A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10352524A DE10352524A1 (de) 2003-11-07 2003-11-07 Verfahren zum Einbringen einer Schwächelinie in ein Fahrzeuginnenverkleidungsteil mit einer Dekorschicht aus Leder
PCT/DE2004/002479 WO2005049261A1 (fr) 2003-11-07 2004-11-05 Procede pour realiser a l'aide d'un laser une ligne de rupture dans une partie de revetement interieur de vehicule pourvue d'une couche decorative en cuir

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1682306A1 true EP1682306A1 (fr) 2006-07-26

Family

ID=34530194

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04802696A Withdrawn EP1682306A1 (fr) 2003-11-07 2004-11-05 Procede pour realiser a l'aide d'un laser une ligne de rupture dans une partie de revetement interieur de vehicule pourvue d'une couche decorative en cuir

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US7323131B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1682306A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2007515504A (fr)
DE (2) DE10352524A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005049261A1 (fr)

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JP2007515504A (ja) 2007-06-14
US7323131B2 (en) 2008-01-29
DE10352524A1 (de) 2005-06-02
DE112004002200D2 (de) 2006-10-05
US20070113968A1 (en) 2007-05-24

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