Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
  • C12G—WINE; PREPARATION THEREOF; ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; PREPARATION OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES C12C OR C12H
  • C12G1/00—Preparation of wine or sparkling wine
  • C12G1/02—Preparation of must from grapes; Must treatment and fermentation
  • C12G1/0213—Preparation of must from grapes; Must treatment and fermentation with thermal treatment of the vintage
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
  • A23B2/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general
  • A23B2/40—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general by heating loose unpacked materials
  • A23B2/42—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general by heating loose unpacked materials while they are progressively transported through the apparatus
  • A23B2/425—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general by heating loose unpacked materials while they are progressively transported through the apparatus in solid state
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
  • A23B2/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general
  • A23B2/40—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general by heating loose unpacked materials
  • A23B2/42—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general by heating loose unpacked materials while they are progressively transported through the apparatus
  • A23B2/46—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general by heating loose unpacked materials while they are progressively transported through the apparatus with transport through tubes
  • A23B2/465—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general by heating loose unpacked materials while they are progressively transported through the apparatus with transport through tubes in solid state
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
  • A23B7/00—Preservation of fruit or vegetables; Chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
  • A23B7/005—Preserving by heating
  • A23B7/0053—Preserving by heating by direct or indirect contact with heating gases or liquids
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
  • A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
  • A23L19/03—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof consisting of whole pieces or fragments without mashing the original pieces

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a device for heat treatment of fragile objects such as fruit or vegetables, and a method of heat treatment associated therewith.
• the technical field of the invention is that of the design of thermal treatment installations for fragile objects such as fruits or vegetables, in particular for the treatment of grapes for the production of juice or wine.
• the invention relates to an installation and a process for continuous heat treatment of grapes in order to facilitate and improve the extraction of the substances of interest contained in the skins of grape berries, and in particular aromas, aromatic precursors and polyphenolic compounds such as tannins and anthocyanins contained in the skins of these grape berries.
• So-called immersion thermovinification processes have been known for a long time, in particular for the production of red wine or juice, according to which the grapes are heated by soaking them for a short time in hot must, which is recycled through a heat exchanger to maintain it at a determined temperature, after which the harvest is sent to a maceration tank.
• thermovinification processes have been developed in particular to extract the coloring agents contained in grape berries, and in particular anthocyanins, molecules responsible for the color of wines, and which are located mainly in the skin of the grapes.
• Immersion thermovinification processes have many advantages, among which the following may be mentioned:
• this process is implemented in devices which essentially comprise a first drip tank in which the harvest is placed, either raw, destemmed, or crushed, then a soaking hopper in the form of a trough or cylindrical , comprising an internal perforated wall and an endless screw which displaces the harvest on said perforated wall, which partly dips in hot must which is recycled against the current with respect to the harvest. Finally, a second maceration tank receives the harvest from the soaking hopper.
• This type of device if it has the advantage of allowing processing of the harvest in a single installation of reduced bulk, has the disadvantage of injuring the harvest and, moreover, of requiring a time of draining and drainage of the harvest piled up through which the juice must be drained.
• an object of the present invention is to provide an installation for treating fragile objects such as fruits or plants, and in particular grapes, allowing flexible treatment of said objects and improving the extraction of elements of interest contained in the external film of these objects, in particular in the treatment of grapes, the extraction of substances contained in the cells of the films of the grape berries.
• Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of heat treatment of fragile objects of the aforementioned type, and in particular of grapes, said method being simple and economical to implement and allowing rapid warming up and flexible treatment. said objects as well as an improved extraction of the aforementioned substances of interest contained in these said objects.
• a continuous heat treatment installation of fragile objects such as fruits or vegetables, comprising at least one treatment module comprising: a compartment capable of containing said objects immersed in a circulating heat transfer fluid in said compartment, and means for separating said objects and said fluid comprising a draining means comprising recesses capable of allowing said fluid to pass and retaining said objects, and a first receiving member capable of recovering said fluid downstream of said compartment, and means for transferring said objects separated from said fluid into a second receiving member, and a circulation loop of the fluid separated from said objects outside said compartment from said first receiving member to said compartment, and means for warming up of said fluid in said circulation loop of said fluid, and means for circulating n of said heat transfer fluid and said objects in said compartment, said installation being characterized in that: said circulation loop connects said first receiving member and said compartment at the level of said entrance to said compartment, and - said circulation means are capable of generating a flow of heat transfer fluid for circulating said objects and said fluid in said compartment by co-current entrainment of said
• said compartment is longer than wide, so that the heat transfer fluid naturally flows in the longitudinal direction of the compartment between its said inlet and its said outlet.
• the volume and the length of this compartment are determined according to the flow rate of product to be treated and the desired duration of treatment.
• the installation according to the invention is particularly advantageous inter alia by the absence of mechanical means of relative displacement of said objects with respect to said heat transfer fluid in said compartment on the one hand, and on the other hand the absence of mechanical means of displacement of said objects with respect to said draining means at the outlet of the compartment by the fact that said draining means are mobile and ensure the transfer of said objects to said first receiving member, and by the fact that said fluid and said objects circulate co-current in said compartment.
• the installation is characterized in that said draining means is movable in rotation in the direction of movement of said objects and of said fluid at the outlet of said compartment, and comprises a rotary drum around 'an axis of rotation oriented transversely to said direction of movement, a wall, preferably cylindrical, comprising said recesses, said drum being arranged downstream of said compartment so that it is capable of driving said objects substantially in a single layer on an external upper part of its said wall and to transfer by rotation said objects towards said second receiving member, and in that said first receiving member consists of a receiving tank situated under said drum, so that said fluid passes through said wall of said drum for a first time in rotation in its said upper part then a second time in a lower part before being collected in said second organ.
• upper part of the rotating wall is understood here to mean an area of the wall of said drum situated at or above the level of said fluid at said outlet from said compartment and by bottom portion an area of the rotating wall located below said outlet of the compartment.
• upper part of the rotating wall is understood here to mean an area of the wall of said drum situated at the level of said fluid at the outlet from said compartment and above the level of said axis of rotation of the drum, which axis of rotation is preferably located at a height slightly less than that of said outlet from the compartment so that said objects do not pile up against said external wall of the drum at said outlet of the compartment but are driven by the rotational movement thereof and that a portion of said external wall of the drum is always above the level of the fluid leaving said compartment in order to extract and properly drain said treated objects from the fluid.
• the lower part of the wall of the drum means an area of this wall located below the level of said axis of rotation of the drum and of said outlet from the compartment.
• the fluid thus advantageously allows, by its double crossing of the wall of the drum, on the one hand to clean the said recesses of the wall, and on the other hand to maintain a flow of the fluid leaving the compartment which is substantially constant.
• the term “draining and transfer in a single layer” is understood to mean that the objects are entrained, distributed and drained in a single layer continuously and without crushing by piling up on the external surface of the wall of said drum.
• This particular arrangement allows said heat transfer fluid to be separated from said objects, said objects being taken tangentially to said wall and said fluid first passing through said wall of said drum from outside to inside then from inside to outside. thus ensuring the cleaning of said recesses in said wall of the drum.
• said temperature setting means consist of a heat exchanger or an energy transfer system.
• This heat exchanger or energy transfer system can be advantageously chosen as a function of the type of heat treatment that it is desired to carry out, independently of the other elements of the installation.
• the heat exchanger could be a boiler associated with an exchanger containing heated water or steam against the walls of which the heat transfer fluid circulates in the circulation loop, or alternatively a microwave energy transfer system.
• said compartment preferably consists of a box (or a chute) open or closed and at atmospheric pressure, preferably comprising partitions. internal forming an elongated circulation path of said objects immersed in said heat transfer fluid in said compartment.
• the compartment in which the treated objects are circulated by immersion in the heat transfer fluid and of a particularly simple constitution and requiring no specific construction for reasons of confinement of the treated product or of pressurization necessary for treatment.
• the internal compartmentalization of the compartment is accessory but particularly advantageous in that it makes it possible to lengthen the path of the objects and of the heat transfer fluid in said compartment.
• the term “elongated path” is understood here to mean a path of the fluid and objects which is on the one hand non-rectilinear, and on the other hand longer than the compartment in its longitudinal dimension. Such a course makes it possible to maintain, if necessary, said objects immersed in the heat transfer fluid for a longer period of time as a function of the desired treatment intensity.
• the heat treatment installation comprises at least two said treatment modules arranged in series so that said means for separating and transferring a first module are interposed between the outlet of the compartment of said first module and said inlet of the compartment of a second module and are capable of transferring said objects from the outlet of the compartment of said first module to said inlet of the compartment of said second module.
• said first member for receiving the first module is constituted by the compartment of said second module and that said means for separating and transferring said first module then constitute means for introducing the treated objects. and extracts from the compartment of said first module in the compartment of said second module.
• Such a configuration of the installation is particularly advantageous for carrying out the heating of fragile objects such as grapes at a high flow rate of product to be treated or else when the difference between the temperature Tl of the harvest before heat treatment and the temperature T2 to which said harvest must be brought is very important.
• an installation comprising two treatment modules makes it possible to achieve a “staged” temperature setting of the harvest or of the fragile objects to be treated in general. It is thus possible by a first immersion of the harvest in the compartment of a first module to bring the harvest from temperature Tl to an intermediate temperature T'1 at the outlet of the first compartment, T'1 being between Tl and T2, then by a second immersion in the processing compartment of the second module carry said harvest from T'1 to T2 at the outlet of said second module, all without reducing the harvest rate or increasing the duration of immersion in one of the compartments of said first and second modules.
• the installation according to the invention comprises at least two said processing modules in series and in that said means for separating and transferring said first and second modules are produced by the same rotating drum comprising on its external cylindrical wall, separation means delimiting at least two separate drum sections.
• the compartment of at least one of said processing modules describes a loop around said drum, each end of the loop formed by this compartment being in contact with two consecutive sections of said drum.
• the installation also comprises means for introducing said objects into the compartment of a single or a first said module, said means introductions comprising means for draining said objects upstream of the entrance to said compartment, preferably mobile introduction means.
• These mobile introduction and draining means arranged upstream of the compartment with a first or a single module making up the treatment installation at the entrance to said compartment are particularly advantageous in that they allow all 'first of all being able to introduce the installation into a pre-existing production and processing chain in which they allow an automatic transfer of the objects to be treated from a previous production stage to the processing compartment of the installation without handling operations by an operator which is particularly important in the case of treatment of fragile objects such as fruits or vegetables for example.
• these mobile introduction means allow the introduction of objects at a constant speed into said processing compartment, and therefore a regulation of the flow of objects, for example harvested, at the entrance of said compartment.
• said introduction means comprising draining means, the latter make it possible to drain the objects before they have warmed up in said compartment, which can be very advantageous for example in the case of temperature of a harvest previously washed and / or crushed.
• a said treatment module comprises a fixed scraper inclined, preferably substantially tangentially, against said upper part of said wall of the rotating drum, downstream of it. ci and downhill towards a said first receiving member.
• Such a scraper advantageously makes it possible to separate the objects once drained from said external surface of the drum after setting temperature in the compartment of a said treatment module and direct them to a said first member for receiving said objects, said reception member possibly being the compartment for a second module when the heat treatment installation is constituted of two so-called modules.
• the present invention also relates to a method of heat treatment of fragile objects such as fruits or plants, and more particularly a method of heat treatment of grapes. According to the heat treatment process of the invention, the following steps are carried out successively:
• said objects are brought to temperature from a temperature T1 to a temperature T2 by immersion of said objects in a heat transfer fluid inside a compartment, and circulation of said objects and of said heat transfer fluid in said compartment,
• step 3 said fluid separated from said objects is recovered in step 2 in a first receiving member
• step 1 said fluid is reintroduced from said first receiving member to said compartment, said fluid being brought to a temperature whose absolute value is greater than T2 prior to its reintroduction into said compartment, this process being characterized in that: 6) in step 1, said objects and said fluid are circulated in co-current in said compartment between an inlet of said compartment to a same outlet of said compartment, and
• step 5 said fluid is reintroduced at said inlet to said compartment from said first receiving member, and
• steps 2 and 3 in steps 2 and 3, said objects and said fluid are separated and transferred downstream from said outlet of said compartment using a said mobile draining means whose movement allows drainage and transfer of a single layer of said objects in said second receiving member.
• the heat treatment process described above is particularly advantageous in that it proposes not only to use the heat energy of a heat transfer fluid to heat up the objects treated, but also to use the movement of movement of the fluid for moving said objects immersed therein inside a treatment compartment for a sufficient time for these objects to pass from temperature T1 to temperature T2 between said inlet and an outlet of the compartment.
• This advantageously eliminates the need for mechanical means of moving said objects relative to the heat transfer fluid during the heat treatment, and thereby the problems of bruising of the treated objects, which can sometimes be detrimental to the treatment and subsequent conditioning of the treated objects.
• this process is particularly advantageous in that it can be used to treat a raw harvest, not crushed or destemmed, without the problem of crushing the berries and therefore diluting the juice. and substances of interest in the heat transfer fluid before maceration and fermentation, with a selective treatment of the parts in contact with the fluid and therefore the skin of the berries and without crushing of the seeds or stalks which usually causes the diffusion of "hard” tannins which they contain and which are detrimental to the quality of the wines.
• the method according to the invention is also advantageous in that the harvest is drained in a single layer after treatment, therefore by eliminating the phenomena of drainage of the juice through a bed of harvest as in the devices of the prior art.
• a thermal treatment installation according to the invention and as described above is used.
• said objects abut at the outlet of a said compartment against said wall of a said rotating drum and are driven and drained substantially in a single layer covering said upper part of said wall, and said heat transfer fluid passes through said drum a first time in said upper part of the wall, and a second time in a lower part of said wall before being recovered in said first receiving member under said drum.
• said treated objects for example grapes
• said treated objects are drained in a single layer, therefore very quickly after they have warmed up in the heat-transfer fluid, which fluid makes it possible, by its passage through the wall of the drip drum, to clean any grape slurries or objects in general which are trapped in the recesses of said wall when the objects and the fluid leaving said compartment are separated.
• the method can be implemented using a thermal treatment installation comprising two said modules, said objects being brought to an intermediate temperature T'1 between Tl and T2 by a said first module and said fluid heat transfer fluid recovered from said second module is at a temperature higher than that of the heat transfer fluid recovered from said first module.
• a single means for warming up the fluid is then used, which makes it possible to reduce the cost of implementing the method according to the invention, without however reducing its efficiency.
• the process and the installation according to the invention are very particularly suitable for warming up grapes, in particular for thermovinification treatments of the harvest.
• the harvest is heated by immersion and circulation of the grapes in a heat transfer fluid which is grape juice or must at a temperature preferably between 70 ° C and 90 ° C.
• the grapes are preferably heated from an ambient temperature T1 to a temperature T2 between 70 ° C and 90 ° C. This will give a good heating, suitable for any type of post-vinification treatment, with good extraction of polyphenolic and coloring compounds contained in the skins of grape berries, in particular tannins and anthocyanins.
• FIG. 1 schematically represents a thermal treatment installation according to the invention comprising a single treatment module
• FIG. 2 schematically represents a thermal treatment installation according to the invention comprising two treatment modules in series according to a first variant embodiment
• FIG. 3 schematically represents a thermal treatment installation according to the invention comprising two treatment modules in series in accordance with a second variant of the invention
• FIG. 4 schematically represents a thermal treatment installation according to the invention comprising two treatment modules in series for the implementation of a variant of the treatment method according to the invention
• FIG. 5 represents a thermal treatment installation according to the invention comprising two treatment modules in series in top view.
• the heat treatment installation 1 according to the invention consists of a single treatment module 2, said module 2 comprising a compartment 3, for example a trough or a container, preferably made of stainless steel or a food plastic material such as High Density Polyethylene (HDPE), Polypropylene (PP) or any other organic or metallic food material.
• HDPE High Density Polyethylene
• PP Polypropylene
• the exact dimensions of said compartment 3 can be chosen according to the tonnage of products to be treated and the desired duration of treatment.
• This compartment 3 has an inlet E for admitting the harvest 5 as a mixture into hot grape juice, the grape juice constituting a heat transfer fluid 4 in which the harvest is immersed at said inlet E.
• the heat transfer fluid 4 is introduced, for example using nozzles or bungs or a spray boom (not shown), at the inlet E of compartment 3 at a treatment temperature ⁇ t of the order of 90 ° C at 100 ° C to which the heat transfer fluid is carried by a heat exchanger 9 located outside said compartment 3.
• the exchanger 9 may for example be a heat exchanger conventionally used in the food industry and connected to a boiler to heat the fluid at temperature ⁇ t .
• the processing module 2 comprises means for separating and transferring the must 5 and the harvest 4 into two receiving members 7 l 5 7 2 , distinct from one of the other.
• these separation and transfer means take the form of a drum 6, preferably cylindrical, and comprising a wall 6 j obviously pierced 6 2 for allow the heat transfer must 4 to pass at the outlet S of said compartment 3, and retain the harvest 5.
• the drum 6 is movable in rotation about an axis XX 'arranged transversely to the longitudinal axis of the compartment 3 and at a height slightly lower than that of the outlet S of said compartment. Said drum is rotated by a motor, for example coupled on the longitudinal axis XX 'by meshing or by means of a transmission belt or any other means.
• Said drum 6 is arranged so that its wall X is flush with said outlet S of said compartment 3 which, by the rotary movement of the drum allows the harvest 5 to be carried on the external surface of said wall 6 in a single layer.
• the harvest is thus transferred to the surface of the drum by the rotation of the latter, but is also in the course of transfer drained by the flow of the heat transfer fluid 4 through the recesses 6 2 of the wall 6 j of the drum 6 during the rotation.
• the coolant 4 flows through the recesses 6 2 of the wall 6 t of the drum and crosses said wall for the first time in an upper part of the latter from the outside to the inside of the drum 6 to rid the heat-transfer fluid of the particles in suspension of size larger than that of the perforations 6 2 . like grape bourbes.
• the heat transfer fluid flows by gravity inside the drum 6 and passes a second time through said wall 6 1 thereof through the recesses 6 2 in a lower part thereof to be collected.
• This second passage of the heat transfer must 4 through the wall 6 X of the drum 6 allows cleaning of the recesses 6 2 of the wall of the drum 6.
• the harvest 5 separated from said fluid 4 is carried in a single layer on the external surface of said wall 6 t and separated from the latter after draining by means of a scraper 14 inclined tangentially against said wall 6 j of the drum 6.
• the harvest 5 then slides on the scraper 14 to be recovered in a said second receiving member 7 2 located downstream of the drum 6 and of the scraper 14.
• the harvest 5 thus recovered after setting to temperature can then be either stored or transferred to a subsequent processing step such as pressing, maceration or fermentation.
• the installation 1 described above allows the temperature setting by continuous thermovinification of grapes by heat exchange between the heat transfer fluid 4, in this case the must at the temperature ⁇ t , and the grapes.
• This warming up is carried out as follows. Firstly, the harvest 5 is introduced at a temperature T ls for example substantially equal to the temperature of the ambient air, immersed in the heat transfer fluid 4 at its said treatment temperature ⁇ t at the level of said inlet E of the compartment 3.
• the flow of heat transfer fluid 4 is chosen so that the harvest 5 introduced continuously into the compartment 3 is driven by said heat transfer fluid 4 and thus circulates co-current in immersion in this fluid inside said compartment 3.
• the grapes and the fluid exchange energy, which makes it possible to carry the harvest 5 at a temperature T 2 preferably between 70 ° c and 90 ° C at the outlet S of compartment 4.
• the wort 4 is recovered in a recovery tank 1 ⁇ located under the drum 6 and is pumped by means of a pump 10 which circulates it inside a circulation loop 8 outside said compartment 3 and connecting said receiving tank l to said inlet E of said compartment 3. Inside this loop 8, the must 4 is brought to its treatment temperature ⁇ t by passage through the heat exchanger 9, then is reintroduced at said inlet E of the compartment.
• the installation 1 can be composed of two treatment modules 3, 3 'arranged in series.
• the two treatment modules 2, 2 ' have a strictly identical constitution and the second module 2' is placed such that the inlet E 'of its compartment 3' is disposed against said drum 6 for separating and transferring said first module 2, so that said drum 6 transfers the harvest 5 from compartment 3 of said first module 2 into compartment 3 'of said second module 2', by a rotational movement.
• Said compartment 3 'of said second module 2' thus constitutes said second receiving member 7 2 of the objects treated in the first module 2.
• the objects of said temperature j are brought to the inlet E of compartment 3 of the first module 2 to said temperature T 2 at the outlet of the second module 2 ', by a double immersion of the harvest 5 in the fluid coolant 4 at its processing temperature ⁇ t , a first time inside compartment 3 of the first module 2 to bring the harvest from temperature Tl to a temperature T'I between Tl and T2, then a second time in the compartment 3 'of the second module 2' to bring said harvest from temperature T'I to final temperature T2.
• the heat transfer must 4 and the harvest 5 are separated by means of the drum 6, the grapes at temperature T'I being drained and transferred to the external wall 6 j of said drum towards the inlet E 'of compartment 4' of the second module to be immersed a second time and conveyed co-current in the heat-carrying fluid 4 inside compartment 3 'of the second module 2' then be recovered and drained by means of a second drip drum 6 'at the outlet S' of the compartment 3 'of said second module 2'.
• the heat transfer must 4 is recovered which is recycled at the inlet E of said compartment 3 in said circulation loop 8 of the first module 2, and at the outlet S 'of compartment 3' from the second module 2 ′, the harvest is separated at temperature T2 and the heat transfer must 4 by the drum 6 ′, said harvest 5 being recovered in a recovery unit 7 ′ 2 and the must 4 in a recovery tank 1 to be recycled into the circulation loop 8 'of said second module 2', and reintroduced at the inlet E 'of compartment 4' of said module 2 '.
• Such a thermal treatment installation 1 comprising two modules 2, 2 ′ makes it possible to reach temperatures T 2 very far from the temperature T at which the harvest 5 is introduced into the compartment 3, without limiting the flow of heat-transfer fluid 4 or that of introducing the harvest 5 to the inlet E of compartment 3 of the first module 2 and without increasing the amount of must 4 or the duration of immersion of the grapes 5 in each of the compartments of the two so-called modules 2 and 2 '.
• the heat treatment installation 1 according to the invention comprises two treatment modules 2 and 2 'arranged in series, the separation means 6 and 6' of which are formed by a single drum 6.
• FIG. 5 there can be upstream of the inlet E of compartment 3 a first module 2 (or a single module 2) an introduction and draining means 13 of the harvest 5 inside said compartment 3, said harvest 5 having been washed beforehand before introduction.
• such a means of introduction and draining consists of a drum 13 identical to the separation drum 6 placed at the outlet S of a compartment 3 of a said processing module 2 or 2 '.
• the thermal treatment installation 1 is composed of two modules 2, 2 'arranged in series as described above, the two said modules no longer having each with its own circulation loop, but these two so-called modules 2, 2 'being connected by the same fluid circulation loop 8, in particular a loop comprising a single heat exchanger 9.
• the heat transfer fluid 4 is recovered at the outlet S of compartment 3 of the first module 2, then it is pumped via a first pump 10 and it is brought to said treatment temperature ⁇ t before being introduced at the input E 'of compartment 3' of the second module 2 '.
• the heat transfer fluid 4 is then recovered at a temperature substantially lower than ⁇ t at the outlet S 'of said compartment 3' of the second module 2 'and it is transferred via a second pump 10' without reheating in the heat exchanger 9 directly at the inlet E of compartment 3 of the first module 2.
• the thermal treatment installation 1 described above thus allows the harvesting, and more generally fragile objects such as fruits or vegetables, to be brought to temperature, without mechanical means of transport in the heat-transfer fluid.
• the installation and the method according to the invention make it possible to thermovinify grapes to extract the coloring and aromatic substances such as anthocyanins and tannins contained in the berries films, without injuring the bunches by mechanical transport or excessive extraction by drainage of the juice through the grapes in static support on draining means.
• This avoids any injury to the fruit before maceration and fermentation, but also any excessive distribution of "hard” tannins contained in the stalks and seeds, tannins which are detrimental to the quality of the wines.

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  • 2003-11-06 FR FR0313058A patent/FR2862065B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
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