Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
  • H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
  • H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
  • H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
  • H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
  • H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
  • H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
  • H02M3/158—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
  • H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
  • H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
  • H02M3/06—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider
  • H02M3/07—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode, e.g. charge pumps

Definitions

• the invention relates to a boost converter, or “boost converter” in English, making it possible to obtain from a DC input voltage a DC output voltage of a value higher than the supply voltage. It is sometimes necessary, to power certain electronic devices, in particular those intended for aeronautics, to generate electrical voltages of high level, from a common generator of low voltage supply.
• the boost boosters used for this purpose are non-isolated switching converters to maintain high yields and reduced dimensions.
• Figure 1a shows a block diagram of a step-up voltage converter of the state of the art. The circuit of FIG. 1 a is supplied, by two input terminals A and B, by a generator E of continuous input voltage Vin and supplied a continuous output voltage Vout on a load Rout in parallel on a capacity Cost.
• the positive pole of generator E is connected, through an inductance Lin and a diode Dd, to a terminal C of the resistor Rout in parallel with the Cost capacitance, the other terminal D of the resistor Rout being connected to the negative pole of the generator E.
• An Int switch connected, on the one hand, to the connection point of the Lin inductance and the diode Dd and, on the other hand, to the negative pole of the generator E, periodically ensures the paralleling of the Lin inductance with generator E.
• the switch Int is controlled in the on state during the time Ton and open during the time Toff.
• Figure 1b shows the control signal of the Int switch of the boost converter.
• the inductance Lin sees at its terminals the voltage Vin of the generator E.
• the invention proposes a boost converter voltage comprising - a pair of input terminals A and B to connect a DC input voltage Vin between these two terminals, - a pair Po of switches SB, SH in series connected by the switch SB to terminal d input B, the input terminal A being connected through an input choke Lin at the connection point between the two SB and SH switches in series, each SB, SH switch comprising control means for being put simultaneously, one in a state passing the other in an isolated state; - a pair of output terminals C and D, for supplying, by an output voltage Vout, a load Rout, the output terminal D being connected to the input terminal B, characterized
• K and Mi (K + 1) - i, the electrode of the capacitances of one of the two ends of the output groups being connected to the output terminal C, at least the capacitance electrode of each of the other ends of the output groups being connected respectively to the connection point between two pairs of switches consecutive P, . ⁇ and P,; in that the switches of these other K additional pairs are controlled to form, when the switch SB of the pair Po connected to terminal B is controlled in the on state for a time Ton, a first network of capacitors connected to firstly through the switch SB at terminal B and, secondly, at terminal C, comprising the groups of input capacitors in series with the groups of output capacitors such as a group of capacitors Gin input, is in series with its respective group of Taste output capacities, and in that when the switch SB of the pair P 0 connected to the input terminal B is controlled in the isolated state for a time Toff, these other K pairs of switches form a second network of capacitors connected to the terminal A through the input choke Lin comprising the GinK input group in parallel with the Gout- output
• the switches have a control input (control means) to be put simultaneously, one in a state passing through the application to its control input of a first control signal, l other in an isolated state by the application to its control input of a second control signal complementary to the first.
• the switches can advantageously be produced by semiconductors. There may be mentioned, without limitation, MOS and bipolar transistors, IGBTs or MCTs.
• the converter also has a capacity for the cost of filtering the output in parallel on the load Rout between the output terminals C and D.
• a step-up converter providing a positive output voltage Vout, the potential of terminal A is greater than the potential of terminal B, the potential of output terminal C is greater than the potential of output terminal D.
• supplying a negative voltage the potential of terminal A is less than the potential of terminal B, the potential of output terminal C is then less than the potential of output terminal D.
• FIG. 1a shows a block diagram of a step-up voltage converter of the state of the art
• - Figure 1b shows the control signal of the switch Int of the "boost converter” of Figure 1a
• - Figure 1 c shows the current in the "boost converter” of Figure 1a
• - Figure 2 shows the general structure of the converter according to the invention comprising K pairs of additional switches
• - Figure 3a shows an embodiment of a two-stage step-up converter according to the invention, without the recovery inductor
• - Figure 3b shows the structure of a negative version of the converter of Figure 3a
• - Figure 4a shows a simplified structure of the step-up converter of Figure 3a
• - Figure 4b shows the structure of a negative version of the converter of Figure 4a
• - Figure 5a shows the step-up converter of Figure 3a comprising an energy recovery inductor
• - Figure 5b shows a first version
• FIG. 5d SB of the converter of FIG. 5d;
• - Figure 8 shows the variation of the current in the energy recovery inductor of the converter of Figure 5a;
• - Figure 8a shows the variation of the current in the energy recovery inductor of the converter of Figure 5d;
• - Figure 9 shows the energy space of the recovery inductor L ⁇ and the capacity Ceq of Figure 6;
• - Figure 10a shows a first practical structure of the converter according to the invention having no interconnection between the capacities of the same potential level;
• - Figure 10b shows the negative version of the converter of Figure 10a,
• - Figure 1 1 shows another practical structure with interconnections between the capacities of the same level of potential;
• - Figure 12 shows the negative version of the converter of Figure 11
• Figure 2 shows the general structure of the step-up converter according to the invention comprising K pairs of additional switches.
• the converter of FIG. 2 also comprises a capacity for the cost of filtering the output in parallel on the load Rout between the output terminals C and D
• voltages Vc at the terminals of the capacities of the input groups Gin, or of the output groups Taste have the same continuous value, thus, the capacities located at the same potential level can be linked together.
• FIG. 3a shows an embodiment of a two-step step-up voltage converter (only one additional pair), according to the invention, without the recovery inductor, comprising two pairs of switches Po and Pi, each having two switches connected in series
• Each switch of a pair has a control input to be set simultaneously, one in a state passing through the application to its control input of a first control signal C1, the other in an isolated state by applying to its control input a second control signal C2 complementary to the first.
• FIG. 3b represents the negative voltage version of the step-up two-stage voltage converter of FIG.
• FIG. 3a Le converter of figure 3b, of the same structure as that of figure 3a, is supplied by a generator E providing a negative potential Vin between the input terminals A and B The polarity of the output capacity Cost is then reversed
• Figure 4a shows a simplified structure of the step-up converter of FIG.
• FIG. 6 shows an equivalent diagram of the converter of FIG. 5a according to the invention comprising the recovery inductance Lri, during the period Ton corresponding to the conduction period of the switches of the two pairs SB and SB ⁇
• Ton the switches SB and SBT are closed, the switches SH and SHi are open, the output capacity Cost is in parallel with the two capacities Ce and Cs in series with the recovery inductance L ⁇
• FIG. 6a shows an equivalent diagram of the converter of FIG. 5d according to the invention during the time Ton In in the case of FIG. 6a, the diode DB1 automatically opens the resonance circuit upon cancellation of the current in the inductance Lr 1
• FIG. 7 shows the control signals of the switches SB and SB1 of the converter of FIG. 5a The other switches are controlled in a complementary manner
• FIG. 8 shows the variation of the current IL ⁇ in the energy recovery inductance Lr-i as well as the sum of the voltages (Vce + Vcs) at the terminals of the respective input and output capacitances Cs (converter of FIG.
• the converter shown in FIG. 5d comprises in parallel with the recovery inductor Lr-i in series with the switch SHT of the pair Pi an impedance Zi
• the Tone does not perfectly represent the half-resonance period of the equivalent circuit of FIG. 6, the impedance Zi makes it possible to dissipate the residual current and protect the switches which are generally MOS transistors.
• This improvement of the converter of FIG. 5a is applicable in the general case, thus each additional pair P, of the converter according to the invention comprises in parallel with the recovery inductance Lr, in series with the switch SH, of the pair P , an impedance Z ,.
• the impedance Z comprises a diode Ddz in series with a resistance r, the anode of the diode Ddz being connected, in the circuit of the converter, to the recovery inductor and in a second version, shown in FIG.
• FIG. 5c shows a simplified version of the step-up converter of FIG. 5a comprising two pairs of switches Po and Pi and a recovery inductor Lr-
• the switches SB-i and SHi of the pair Pi are replaced by diodes DBi and DHi.
• the switch SH of the pair P 0 connected to the pair Pi is also replaced by a diode DH, only the switch SB of the pair Po must be kept, the cathode of a diode of a pair being connected to the anode of the diode of the next pair.
• the two diodes of the pair Pj are connected in series through a recovery inductor L ⁇ .
• the switches SB, and SH, pairs P, additional are replaced respectively by diodes DB, and DH ,.
• the switch SH of the pair Po connected to the pair Pi is a diode DH, only the switch SB of the pair Po must be kept.
• the cathode of a diode of a pair P, _ ⁇ being connected to the anode of the diode of the next pair P ,.
• the two diodes of the pair Pj are connected in series through a recovery inductor Lr-
• the capacities of the same level of potential Nini are, for example, all those of the input groups Gin-i, Gin2, ... Ginj, ... Gin ⁇ - ⁇ , Gin "having an electrode connected to the common point entered the two switches of the pair Po, of a potential level Nin2, all those connected by an electrode to the free electrodes of the capacities of the level Nin-
• FIG. 10a represents a first practical structure of the converter according to the invention not comprising interconnections between the capacities of the same potential level, each of the input groups Gin, or of output Taste, comprises respectively a single capacity Ceai ,
• Cea2 .... Cea, Cea ⁇ É for the input groups Gin, and Csa-i, Csa ... Csa, ...
• FIG. 10b represents the first practical structure of the converter of FIG. 10a in a negative version not comprising interconnections between the capacities of the same level of potential.
• FIG. 11 represents another practical structure of the converter according to the invention, in a positive version, comprising interconnections between the capacities of the same level Nv of potential (capacities in parallel), the structure comprises a single input group Gin and a single taste group.
• the input capacitance Ceb for each of the potential levels Nin, connected between the connection points of two consecutive pairs of switches P ,, P, .-
• FIG. 12 represents the voltage step-up converter of FIG. 11, in a simplified version of negative voltage, comprising interconnections between the capacities of the same level Nv of potential.
• the switches SBj and SHj of the additional pairs Pj are replaced respectively by diodes DBj and DHj.
• the SH switch of the Po pair connected to the P pair ! is a DH diode, only the switch SB of the pair Po must be kept.
• the anode of a diode of a pair Pj.i being connected to the cathode of the diode of the next pair Pj.
• the converter of Figure 12, of the same structure as that of Figure 1 1, is powered by a generator E providing a negative potential Vin between the input terminals A and B.
• the polarity of the Cost output capacity is then reversed.
• Conversion structures can also be produced by combining several converters in parallel, whether positive and / or negative.
• the control signals of the converters of the conversion structure can then advantageously be out of phase so as to reduce the input and / or output current ripples of step-up converters.
• the step-up converter according to the invention makes it possible to obtain higher yields than the step-up voltage converters of the state of the art with Vout / Vin voltage ratios well above five.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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• 2003
  • 2003-10-03 FR FR0311622A patent/FR2860660B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2004
  • 2004-07-19 WO PCT/EP2004/051543 patent/WO2005034320A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2004-07-19 EP EP04766262A patent/EP1685643A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2004-07-19 US US10/574,503 patent/US7199564B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2004-07-19 CA CA002541325A patent/CA2541325A1/fr not_active Abandoned

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