EP1702390B1 - Balai de charbon ainsi que procédé et matériau pour la fabrication dudit balai - Google Patents

Balai de charbon ainsi que procédé et matériau pour la fabrication dudit balai Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1702390B1
EP1702390B1 EP04803858A EP04803858A EP1702390B1 EP 1702390 B1 EP1702390 B1 EP 1702390B1 EP 04803858 A EP04803858 A EP 04803858A EP 04803858 A EP04803858 A EP 04803858A EP 1702390 B1 EP1702390 B1 EP 1702390B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metal
carbon brush
sintering
base
pulverulent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04803858A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1702390A1 (fr
Inventor
Gerhard Bachauer
Christian Böttger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hoffmann and Co Elektrokohle AG
Original Assignee
Hoffmann and Co Elektrokohle AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hoffmann and Co Elektrokohle AG filed Critical Hoffmann and Co Elektrokohle AG
Publication of EP1702390A1 publication Critical patent/EP1702390A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1702390B1 publication Critical patent/EP1702390B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/38—Brush holders
    • H01R39/39—Brush holders wherein the brush is fixedly mounted in the holder
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/18—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
    • H01R39/20—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush characterised by the material thereof

Definitions

  • Carbon brushes for electric motors or generators must be attached to a holder that provides the necessary system pressure on the commutator or the like. And allows the wear of the carbon brush corresponding Nachvantterrorism.
  • a particularly suitable for the carbon brush because of its simplicity, cost-effectiveness and low weight carrier is a leaf spring, which can take over the function of power transmission in addition to the function of the holder and guide. However, it raises the problem of attachment of the carbon brush to the leaf spring such that on the one hand, the required mechanical strength in continuous operation and on the other hand, the transmission of high currents is ensured.
  • a carbon brush according to the preamble of claim 1 is known, which is attached to a serving as a support leaf spring by welding or soldering and tinned for this purpose on the surface to be connected to the carrier, nickel-plated or metallized in any other way.
  • Out DE 40 40 002 A1 is a carbon brush for a gasoline pump motor is known, which is soldered to a serving as a leaf spring and for this purpose has a solderable layer consisting of a copper layer and a deposited thereon tin layer.
  • a solderable layer consisting of a copper layer and a deposited thereon tin layer.
  • US 5270504 A is a sliding contact element, such.
  • carbon brush known which has a layer structure of alternating copper-free and copper-containing graphite layers, wherein in the copper-free graphite layers, a filler material is included, which consists of a metal or a metal alloy having a lower melting temperature than copper.
  • a metal layer for a soldered or welded connection with a metallic carrier is not provided.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a carbon brush and a method and a material for their production, which allows a simple, mechanically and electrically highly resilient connection with a leaf spring.
  • a carbon brush which in addition to the usual, single or multilayer main body of pressed and sintered carbon material has at least one outer layer of metallic material, which ensures the weldability or solderability of the carbon brush, said metal layer also produced by pressing and sintering and connected to the main body.
  • a suitable welding method eg ultrasonic welding, laser welding or the like
  • soldering must be applied and also for the production of carbon brushes with a weldable metal layer, a material must be available, on the one hand in the powder metallurgy processing well with the carbon material of the main body of the carbon brush connects and on the other hand with the selected method well to weld or solder.
  • pure copper and its alloys as well as iron or steel are not suitable because their coefficient of thermal expansion and modulus of elasticity is not compatible with that of the carbon material of the main body of the carbon brush in the sintering process. Materials that are similar to the carbon material of the main body of the carbon brush, are also eliminated because they can not be welded due to the contained graphite part.
  • a metallic material in the form of a powder mixture of a component A, a ductile and low-melting component B and possibly further additives C both needs, namely the good connection by pressing and sintering with the functional carbon material of the body of the carbon brush on the one hand and the good weldability or solderability on the other hand at the same time.
  • the constituent A constitutes the predominant part, preferably more than 80%, of the material and preferably consists of copper or a copper alloy with, for example, Sn, Zn, Ni or Ag. It is preferably in powder form with a mean diameter D 50 of 15 to 25 microns before.
  • Component B is an additional metal which has a higher ductility and lower melting point than component A.
  • the melting point is 400 ° C or below and the elongation at break is 5% or above.
  • Component B is preferably Sn or an alloy of Sn with, for example, Cu, Ag, Sb, Zn, Ga, In, Bi or Pb.
  • the metal component B may also consist of In and / or Bi or an alloy with In or Bi. Its proportion of the total powder mixture of the material is preferably 1.5 to 15 percent by weight.
  • the additional metal B is preferably present in an average particle size D 50 of 15 to 35 microns.
  • the material may preferably contain one or more non-metallic, organic and / or inorganic additives C in powder form.
  • non-metallic, organic and / or inorganic additives C examples include stearates, graphite, talc, SiC or Al 2 O 3 .
  • Their average grain size D 50 is preferably not more than 20 microns.
  • the specified material can be powder metallurgically properly processed by pressing and sintering and combines perfectly with the functional layer (body) of the carbon brush to form a metal layer with excellent weldability and solderability. It has been found that during pressing and sintering, the low-melting and ductile metal B wets the base metal A, but does not or little diffuses into it.
  • the base metal A and at least the major part of the further metal B form two separate metal phases intimately bonded together by pressing and sintering, but substantially unalloyed with each other.
  • the heat treatment i. H. sintering the metal layer at a temperature lower than the melting point of the base metal A but higher than the melting point of the further metal B. It is thus preferably a liquid sintering in which the further metal B is in the liquid phase, while the base metal A is in a solid, powdery phase.
  • the sintering temperature is advantageously in the range of 300 to 700 ° C, preferably in the range of 400 to 500 ° C.
  • the non-metallic, organic or inorganic additive C is not wetted by the metal B in the sintering process, thereby preventing an undesirably large diffusion of the metal B into the parent metal A.
  • the carbon brush has a main body 1, which is produced in a conventional manner single-layer or multi-layer of a conventional carbon material for carbon brushes, in particular a graphite mixture with additives, by pressing and heat treatment (sintering).
  • a conventional carbon material for carbon brushes in particular a graphite mixture with additives
  • the well weldable or solderable metal layer (2) which is also made of the abovementioned powdery material according to the invention by pressing and optionally sintering and is permanently connected to the base body 1.
  • Base body 1 and weldable metal layer 2 can be produced simultaneously by pressing and sintering and connected to each other, or it can be the base body 1 prefabricated and subsequently formed the weldable metal layer 2 by pressing and sintering.
  • the weldable metal layer 2 makes it possible to attach the entire carbon brush by welding to a leaf spring 3, for example by welding points 4 or z. B. by a continuous weld.
  • the thickness of the sintered metal layer 2 depends on the requirements of the welding or soldering method selected for the connection to the leaf spring 3.
  • the thickness of the metal layer 2 is in the range of 0.2 to 5 mm.
  • a thickness of the metal layer 2 of less than 1 mm, in particular in the range of 0.2 to 0.5 mm, should generally suffice.
  • a thickness of at least 1 mm, z. B. in the range of 2 to 4 mm be advantageous.

Landscapes

  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Balai de charbon comprenant un corps de base (1) fabriqué en matériau de charbon et une couche de métal (2) appliquée sur une surface extérieure du corps de base, qui peut être reliée par soudage ou brasage à un support métallique, la couche métallique (2) étant une couche fabriquée à partir de poudre de métal par pressage et éventuellement frittage et reliée de façon indétachable au corps de base (1) par pressage et éventuellement frittage, caractérisé en ce que la couche de métal (2) contient un métal de base (A) et au moins un autre métal (B) avec une ductilité supérieure et un point de fusion plus faible que le métal de base (A), l'autre métal (B) étant présent au moins principalement sous forme d'une phase métallique séparée du métal de base (A), qui est liée de façon intime avec le métal de base (A) par pressage et éventuellement frittage, mais principalement ne forme pas d'alliage avec lui.
  2. Balai de charbon selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que l'autre métal (B) est choisi de telle sorte qu'il mouille le métal de base (A) à la température de frittage en phase liquide, mais ne diffuse pas ou peu dans ce métal.
  3. Balai de charbon selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que l'autre métal (B) est composé d'étain, d'indium ou de bismuth ou d'un alliage de ces métaux.
  4. Balai de charbon selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que l'autre métal (B) présente un point de fusion de pas plus que 400°C et un allongement à la rupture de pas moins que 5 %.
  5. Balai de charbon selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisé en ce que l'autre métal (B) est présent dans une fraction comprise entre 1,5 et 15 % en poids de la couche de métal (2).
  6. Balai de charbon selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisé en ce que la couche de métal (2) contient en outre un additif (C) à base de matériau non métallique, organique et/ou inorganique.
  7. Balai de charbon selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'additif (C) non métallique contient des stéarates, du graphite, du talc, du SiC ou du Al2O3.
  8. Balai de charbon selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7,
    caractérisé en ce que sa couche de métal (2) est liée à un support (3) en métal par soudage ou brasage.
  9. Balai de charbon selon la revendication 8,
    caractérisé en ce que le support est un ressort à lame (3).
  10. Matériau pour la fabrication d'une couche de métal soudable et/ou brasable d'un balai de charbon selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, se composant d'un mélange de poudres, qui contient un métal principal (A) pulvérulent et un métal supplémentaire (B) pulvérulent avec une ductilité supérieure et un point de fusion inférieur au métal principal (A), le métal principal (A) étant du cuivre ou un alliage de cuivre et le métal supplémentaire (B) étant de l'étain, de l'indium ou du bismuth ou un alliage de ces métaux, et le matériau ne contenant pas plus de 0,5 % en poids de graphite.
  11. Matériau selon la revendication 10,
    caractérisé en ce qu'il contient un additif (C) pulvérulent en matériau non métallique, organique et/ou inorganique.
  12. Matériau selon la revendication 10 ou 11,
    caractérisé en ce que le métal supplémentaire (B) est présent dans une fraction de 1,5 à 15 % en volume de mélange de poudres.
  13. Procédé pour la fabrication d'un balai de charbon, qui présente un corps de base en matériau de charbon et une couche métallique reliée de façon indétachable à ce matériau, présentant les étapes suivantes :
    a) fabrication du corps de base par pressage et frittage d'un matériau pulvérulent contenant du charbon ;
    b) en même temps que l'étape a) ou à la suite de cette étape : fabrication de la couche métallique par pressage et frittage d'un matériau métallique pulvérulent, la couche métallique étant liée par pressage et frittage de façon indétachable au corps de base ;
    c) le matériau métallique pulvérulent contenant un mélange d'un métal de base A pulvérulent et d'au moins un autre métal B pulvérulent avec une ductilité supérieure et un point de fusion inférieur au métal de base A, et
    d) l'autre métal B et la température de frittage étant choisis de telle sorte que l'autre métal mouille le métal de base A lors du frittage en phase liquide, mais ne diffuse pas ou peu dans ce métal, de telle sorte que, dans la couche métallique, l'autre métal B est présent au moins principalement sous forme d'une phase métallique séparée du métal de base A et principalement non alliée à lui.
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 13,
    caractérisé en ce que le métal principal A est composé de cuivre ou d'alliage de cuivre et l'autre métal B est composé d'étain, d'indium ou de bismuth ou d'un alliage de ces métaux.
EP04803858A 2003-12-19 2004-12-14 Balai de charbon ainsi que procédé et matériau pour la fabrication dudit balai Expired - Lifetime EP1702390B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10359896A DE10359896A1 (de) 2003-12-19 2003-12-19 Kohlebürste sowie Verfahren und Werkstoff zu ihrer Herstellung
PCT/EP2004/014235 WO2005064756A1 (fr) 2003-12-19 2004-12-14 Balai de charbon ainsi que procede et materiau pour la fabrication dudit balai

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1702390A1 EP1702390A1 (fr) 2006-09-20
EP1702390B1 true EP1702390B1 (fr) 2007-12-05

Family

ID=34683604

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04803858A Expired - Lifetime EP1702390B1 (fr) 2003-12-19 2004-12-14 Balai de charbon ainsi que procédé et matériau pour la fabrication dudit balai

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20060260436A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1702390B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2007515146A (fr)
CN (1) CN1902792A (fr)
AT (1) ATE380408T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10359896A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2297520T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005064756A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006051678A1 (de) * 2006-10-30 2008-05-15 Schunk Modultechnik Gmbh Schleifkontakt
JP2008118831A (ja) 2006-11-08 2008-05-22 Mabuchi Motor Co Ltd 金属黒鉛質ブラシ
DE102007026265B4 (de) 2007-06-05 2014-04-10 Gerhard Präzisionspresstechnik GmbH Kohlebürste
DE102008059478B4 (de) 2008-11-28 2015-07-30 Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik Gmbh Kohlebürste zur Übertragung hoher Ströme
CN102439183A (zh) * 2009-04-28 2012-05-02 大丰工业株式会社 无铅铜系烧结滑动材料及滑动部件
FR2972082B1 (fr) 2011-02-28 2013-03-29 Mersen France Amiens Sas Balai de contact
DE102011015579B4 (de) * 2011-03-30 2017-03-23 Heraeus Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG Elastischer Schleifkontakt und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
CN106329286B (zh) * 2015-07-01 2019-06-11 苏州东南佳新材料股份有限公司 一种动车组接地回流装置用电刷的制备方法
DE102017209340B4 (de) * 2017-06-01 2022-12-15 Schunk Carbon Technology Gmbh Ableitvorrichtung zur Ableitung elektrischer Ströme
CN109244686B (zh) * 2018-07-26 2021-06-18 合德华厦安防科技有限公司 一种用于接地系统的芯棒及其制备方法
WO2023086436A1 (fr) * 2021-11-10 2023-05-19 National Electrical Carbon Products, Inc. Balai de charbon

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1259454A (fr) * 1968-05-23 1972-01-05
DE2444957C2 (de) * 1974-09-20 1982-08-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Verbundwerkstoffs aus kohlenstoffhaltigem Pulver und Metallpulver
JPS57185685A (en) * 1981-05-09 1982-11-15 Toho Beslon Co Brush for electric machine and method of producing same
DE59105627D1 (de) * 1991-07-22 1995-07-06 Carbone Ag Gleitkontaktstück für hohe Stromdichten.
DE19900023A1 (de) * 1999-01-02 2000-07-06 Carbone Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Bürste aus einem pulverförmigen Werkstoff sowie eine Bürste, die nach einem solchen Verfahren hergestellt ist
DE10207406A1 (de) * 2002-02-21 2003-09-11 K Tec Gmbh Halterung für eine Kohlebürste

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1902792A (zh) 2007-01-24
DE502004005669D1 (de) 2008-01-17
EP1702390A1 (fr) 2006-09-20
ATE380408T1 (de) 2007-12-15
US20060260436A1 (en) 2006-11-23
ES2297520T3 (es) 2008-05-01
WO2005064756A1 (fr) 2005-07-14
DE10359896A1 (de) 2005-07-21
JP2007515146A (ja) 2007-06-07

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