EP1711036A1 - Miroir chauffable pour un espace d'habitation - Google Patents

Miroir chauffable pour un espace d'habitation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1711036A1
EP1711036A1 EP06007349A EP06007349A EP1711036A1 EP 1711036 A1 EP1711036 A1 EP 1711036A1 EP 06007349 A EP06007349 A EP 06007349A EP 06007349 A EP06007349 A EP 06007349A EP 1711036 A1 EP1711036 A1 EP 1711036A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mirror
cage
heated
heated mirror
resistance heater
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06007349A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Klaus Marxs
Dieter Lambert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAMBERT, DIETER
MARX, KLAUS
Original Assignee
Point-Europe Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Point-Europe Ltd filed Critical Point-Europe Ltd
Publication of EP1711036A1 publication Critical patent/EP1711036A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
    • H05B3/845—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields specially adapted for reflecting surfaces, e.g. bathroom - or rearview mirrors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heatable mirror, in particular for attachment to a wall, for a living room, with a mirrored front and a back comprising a planar resistance heating for heating the mirrored front.
  • EP 0 866 639 discloses a further multi-layered layer structure for a resistive heating device for flat objects.
  • the heatable mirror according to the invention in particular for attachment to a wall in a living room, with a mirrored front and a back comprises a surface resistance heating to heat the mirrored front, the heating power of the resistance heater based on the entire mirrored surface at least 0.07 watts / cm 2 .
  • the heating power is at least 0.09 watts / cm 2 , more preferably at least 0.15 watts / cm 2 , particularly particularly preferably at least 0.19 watts / cm 2 .
  • a typical embodiment may therefore have, for example, a 60 x 80 cm mirror surface and a heating power of 500 watts.
  • the heat output of the mirror is also suitable to increase the temperature in living rooms, so act as a heater. The most uniform possible heating of the entire mirror surface is desirable in order to combine optimal heating power with low voltages in the mirror glass and to ensure the combustion safety for people.
  • the mirror is preferably attached to the wall, but it can also be used on z. B. a vanity be placed or portable.
  • the mirror can also be decorated or painted, so that its property as a mirror in the background occurs, but it can be used as a space-saving and decorative heating.
  • the total heat output of the heatable mirror is at least 800 watts, in particular at least 1100 watts, preferably at least 1300 watts, particularly preferably at least 1500 watts.
  • Such a high heat output is a significant heat transfer to the living room, so that the heatable mirror can be used as complementary heating for the living room.
  • the heated mirror replaced another living space heating. In particular, in tight living spaces thereby space is saved and achieved a space advantage.
  • the mirrored surface of the mirror advantageously has a width in a range of 35 cm to 130 cm, in particular in a range of 40 cm to 60 cm, and has a height in a range of 40 cm to 180 cm, preferably in one area from 50 cm to 80 cm. Due to the high total heat output and the high heating power density, ie heating power based on the mirrored surface, the heatable mirror can be used as space heating, so that it is possible to dispense with a corresponding space heater. This is particularly advantageous for small or narrow bathrooms or showers, where the space is scarce. If a radiator can be saved, the bathroom or shower has more space or more floor space. The mirror then takes over the function of a radiator in addition to its actual mirror function. The same benefits can of course be achieved in other living spaces.
  • the rear side can be spaced by means of spacing means by at least 2 cm, in particular by at least 3 cm, preferably by at least 4 cm, from a wall.
  • the gap between the back of the mirror and the wall creates space for air circulation.
  • the air circulation ensures that the temperature at the back of the mirror and thus at the surface of the wall remains low, eg less than 45 ° C, in particular less than 40 ° C.
  • the distance between the back of the mirror and the wall effectively avoids fire hazards.
  • the gap promotes a heat convection and thus enables an improved heat dissipation of the heatable mirror to the ambient air, which is thus cooled both on its mirrored front and on the back of the passing ambient air.
  • the back of the resistance heating is not only electrically, but preferably also thermally insulated. The dimensioning of the thermal insulation and the distance from the wall in conjunction with the passing ambient air allows the setting of a desired maximum temperature of the back in continuous operation, whereby reliable fire safety is achieved.
  • a heat-resistant, in particular metallic, convection-air-permeable cage is arranged around the resistance heater around from behind.
  • the cage provides protection against electric shock as it includes all electrical components commonly used in Europe with a mains voltage of 230 volts (110V in the USA).
  • the cage may have holes and / or slot-like openings.
  • the holes and / or slot-like openings are so small that z. B. no human finger or larger tool passes through, in particular with a dimension of less than 8 mm, preferably less than 6 mm, more preferably less than 4 mm. Through this dimensioning of the openings, contact with the electrical components enclosed in the cage is prevented, as a result of which the greatest possible degree of contact protection safety is achieved.
  • At least one edge of the mirror projects beyond the cage by at least 2 cm, in particular by at least 3 cm, preferably by at least 4 cm, particularly preferably by at least 5 cm ,
  • the protruding mirror covers the cage behind it, so that on the one hand there is a certain splash protection for the electrical components in the cage, on the other hand the cage is not visible for a large viewing angle.
  • the cage is advantageously designed to be electrically conductive and, if possible, connected to the protective earth. Earthing the cage helps further reduce the risk of electric shock.
  • the cage may advantageously be designed as a supporting element for the mirror.
  • the mirror is then held by means of the cage, the cage being fixed to the wall, e.g. B. by means of keyhole-shaped openings.
  • the mirror has at least one of the following thermal sensors (a1) to (a3): (a1) a first thermostat for regulating the temperature of the mirror surface, in particular at a temperature point in a range of 40 ° C to 80 ° C, preferably at a temperature point in a range of 50 ° C to 70 ° C; (a2) a second thermostat for controlling the room temperature, which is arranged in particular at a lower end of the mirror; (a3) a thermal switch to protect against overheating, in particular a reversible thermal switch, which at excessive temperatures, especially at temperatures of z. B. above 85 ° C, the power supply for the resistance heater interrupts and is preferably arranged at an upper end of the mirror.
  • the location of the thermal switch at an upper end of the mirror ensures that the thermal switch detects the highest temperature generated by the heatable mirror.
  • the first thermostat prevents fogging of the mirrored surface. At higher temperatures, the regulation of the temperature ensures a pleasant heat in front of the mirror.
  • the room temperature can be regulated with the aid of the second thermostat.
  • the second thermostat is advantageously arranged at a lower end of the mirror in order to determine the temperature of the cold ambient air freshly added by convection.
  • the thermal sensors are z. B. configured as a bimetallic switch. It has been shown that the combination of features (a1), ie first thermostat, and (a3), ie safety thermo switch, for a heated mirror is particularly advantageous to counteract the residual risk of fire.
  • the mirror has a reflectivity which is more than 60%, in particular more than 70%, preferably more than 80%, for light waves in a range from 400 nm to 700 nm.
  • the reflectivity is less than 50%, in particular less than 40%, preferably less than 30%.
  • the maximum of the thermal radiation is at room temperature and the low degree of reflectivity of the mirroring effects a good heat transmission of the mirror.
  • a mirroring can be done by vapor deposition with metals, especially aluminum.
  • metals especially aluminum.
  • mirrors with semiconductor fuses e.g. Steaming with silicon, advantageous.
  • Reduced infrared thermal radiation reflectivity reduces the heat flow barrier provided by the mirror and thus allows better heat dissipation across the front.
  • the resistance heater is advantageously separated from other components and the environment by at least two electrically insulating layers.
  • the two, advantageously three, layers provide a high level of protection against electric shock.
  • the environment can be tempered by convection and / or radiation heat.
  • the heatable mirror has a sensor for determining the relative humidity and / or for detecting condensation formed on the front side of the mirror.
  • the required surface temperature of the mirror can be controlled to avoid fogging of the mirror.
  • the mirror has an optical sensor which checks from the back of the mirror whether the front of the mirror is fogged.
  • the reflective coating is interrupted in the region of the sensor, so that the mirror is in this area for light (semi-) permeable and the sensor can detect from the back of the front of the mirror formed condensation.
  • the plug of the electrical supply line of the mirror can be equipped with an integrated residual current circuit breaker (RCD).
  • RCD residual current circuit breaker
  • This switch is used at the same time switching on and off the heater, which preserves the reliability of the mechanism of the residual current circuit breaker, since it is operated regularly.
  • the residual current circuit breaker should preferably have a threshold of 30 mA (current of the fault current).
  • the electrical supply of the mirror may have additional electrical wires except for the necessary for the heating and possibly safety wires to connect, for example, an independent lighting or a power outlet.
  • the figure shows schematically a heatable mirror according to the invention in front of a wall from the side in cross section.
  • the mirror 1 has a front side 3, which consists of a glass plate, and a back 4, wherein the back 4 has a mirror coating 22.
  • the mirror 1 is fixed by means of holding means 23 to a wall 2.
  • the mirror 1 is held at a distance of about 4 cm from the wall 2 by means of a cage 7.
  • the cage 7 is fixed by means of the holding means 23 to the wall.
  • the cage 7 has holes which are smaller than 4 mm, or slot-shaped openings 9 in such a way that a contact protection is ensured.
  • the mirror 1 is heated by means of a resistance heater 5.
  • the power supply for the resistance heater 5 is controlled by a control unit 11, which is electrically connected to the resistance heater 5, as a function of the ambient temperature and the temperature of the mirror surface. For this purpose, the temperature of the environment with the aid of a second thermostat 15 at the lower edge 10 of the mirror 1 is measured.
  • a thermal switch 16 turns off the power to the resistance heater 5, when the temperature at an upper edge 12 of the mirror z. B. exceeds 85 ° C.
  • the mirror 1 is attached to the cage 7 by means of a cantilever 13.
  • the edges 10, 17 of the mirror 1, in particular the upper edge 17 and the lower edge 10 extend beyond the cage 7. This additionally protects the electrical components and further reduces the risk of electric shock.
  • the cage 7 is preferably connected at some distance from the edges 10, 17 of the mirror 1 with the latter, wherein the connection must be designed so that relative elongations of the order of 4 mm between mirror 1 and cage 7 are made possible. As a result, stresses and damage in the mirror 1 are prevented at different thermal expansions of the components.
  • the resistance heater 5 is arranged in the cage 7, the resistance heater 5 is surrounded by two layers 18, 19, namely a first electrically insulating layer 18 and a second electrically insulating layer 19.
  • the two layers 18, 19 serve to provide a reliable and stable insulation.
  • Control of the power supply as a function of the respective temperatures can also be a temperature control of the temperature of the mirror surface or the front side 3 via a sensor 20 for determining the humidity.
  • the mirror 1 is heated.
  • a relative humidity of more than 95%, preferably more than 98% is reached.
  • the temperature of the surface of the mirror 1 is regulated as a function of the relative humidity.
  • the respective sensors 14, 16, 15, 20 are connected via electrical connection lines 21 to the control unit 11.
  • the inventive heated mirror 1, in particular for attachment to a wall 2 in a living room, with a mirrored front 3 and a back 4 comprises a planar resistance heater 5 for heating the mirrored front 3, wherein the heating power of the resistance heater 5 based on the mirrored surface at least 0.07 watts / cm 2 .
  • the invention is characterized in that a misting of the mirror 1 can be reliably avoided reliably by steam and at the same time a temperature of the living space is made possible, which may be possible to dispense with additional radiator in the living room. This saves space.

Landscapes

  • Mirrors, Picture Frames, Photograph Stands, And Related Fastening Devices (AREA)
EP06007349A 2005-04-08 2006-04-07 Miroir chauffable pour un espace d'habitation Withdrawn EP1711036A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200510016536 DE102005016536A1 (de) 2005-04-08 2005-04-08 Beheizbarer Spiegel für einen Wohnraum

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1711036A1 true EP1711036A1 (fr) 2006-10-11

Family

ID=36608607

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06007349A Withdrawn EP1711036A1 (fr) 2005-04-08 2006-04-07 Miroir chauffable pour un espace d'habitation

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1711036A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102005016536A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008059132A1 (de) * 2008-11-26 2010-05-27 Joachim Beyl Luftleitsystem

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3790748A (en) * 1971-06-09 1974-02-05 Glaverbel Mirror having electrical heating means
DE2923020A1 (de) * 1979-06-07 1980-12-18 Hans Weber Spiegel
FR2764050A1 (fr) * 1997-05-30 1998-12-04 Acome Soc Coop Travailleurs Dispositif a fonctions de decoration, notamment de miroir, et d'appareil de chauffage electrique
FR2770737A1 (fr) * 1997-10-31 1999-05-07 Muller Et Cie Miroir chauffant

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE831121C (de) * 1946-09-03 1952-02-11 Saint Gobain Elektrischer Heizkoerper
DE1615130B2 (de) * 1967-01-27 1975-08-07 Walther 7800 Freiburg Bethge Verfahren zum Herstellen einer schlierenfreien Heizscheibe
FR2109272A5 (en) * 1970-10-09 1972-05-26 Saint Gobain Pont A Mousson Heated mirror - with two layers of glass to sandwich reflector and one layer carrying heaters
DE2332915C2 (de) * 1973-06-28 1975-01-02 Glas- Und Spiegelmanufaktur N. Kinon Gmbh, 5100 Aachen Elektrisch beheizbare Verbundglasscheibe
DE3344898C2 (de) * 1983-12-12 1985-11-21 Hofmann, Gerhard, 8014 Neubiberg Raumheizgerät
DE9010468U1 (de) * 1990-07-11 1990-09-13 Grund, Otto, 5920 Bad Berleburg Beheizbarer Spiegel
US5380981A (en) * 1993-05-04 1995-01-10 Feldman; Bernard Economical bathroom mirror heater
US5408069A (en) * 1993-09-28 1995-04-18 Mischel, Jr.; James V. Self-defogging mirror
DE19711522C2 (de) * 1997-03-19 1999-11-18 Josef Winter Elektrisches Flächenheizelement, insbesondere für Spiegel
US6664513B1 (en) * 2002-05-25 2003-12-16 Parkson Industries, Inc. Wall-mounted mirror heated by convection and radiation

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3790748A (en) * 1971-06-09 1974-02-05 Glaverbel Mirror having electrical heating means
DE2923020A1 (de) * 1979-06-07 1980-12-18 Hans Weber Spiegel
FR2764050A1 (fr) * 1997-05-30 1998-12-04 Acome Soc Coop Travailleurs Dispositif a fonctions de decoration, notamment de miroir, et d'appareil de chauffage electrique
FR2770737A1 (fr) * 1997-10-31 1999-05-07 Muller Et Cie Miroir chauffant

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102005016536A1 (de) 2006-10-12

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