EP1712301A2 - Dispositif et procédé pour le traitement des déchets électroniques - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé pour le traitement des déchets électroniques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1712301A2
EP1712301A2 EP06405130A EP06405130A EP1712301A2 EP 1712301 A2 EP1712301 A2 EP 1712301A2 EP 06405130 A EP06405130 A EP 06405130A EP 06405130 A EP06405130 A EP 06405130A EP 1712301 A2 EP1712301 A2 EP 1712301A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drum
transport surface
wire
pieces
wires
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06405130A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1712301A3 (fr
Inventor
Bunge Rainer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hochschule Rapperswil Institut fur Angewandte Um
Original Assignee
HOCHSCHULE RAPPERSWIL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by HOCHSCHULE RAPPERSWIL filed Critical HOCHSCHULE RAPPERSWIL
Publication of EP1712301A2 publication Critical patent/EP1712301A2/fr
Publication of EP1712301A3 publication Critical patent/EP1712301A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
    • B07B13/003—Separation of articles by differences in their geometrical form or by difference in their physical properties, e.g. elasticity, compressibility, hardness

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an apparatus and a method for the separation and extraction of small pieces of wire from shredded electronic waste.
  • the RESH still contains significant amounts of valuable metals, in particular copper in the form of very fine wires.
  • This copper comes mainly from electronic coils, which were mainly used in electric motors.
  • the wires are typically less than 0.5mm thick, about 5-30mm long, and most are still coated with the isolation paint. Dry mechanical recovery of such wires is difficult with conventional technology.
  • the wires get caught in sieves, the electrostatic separation is prevented by the external insulation and also the density sorting is technically impracticable. Process-related problems are caused in particular by the fact that the wires in the sorting machines become matted with foam rags and textile fibers.
  • a known approach is that the RESH is processed in a "Verkugelungs sensible" (eg DE10336802A1 ). It is in this device is a kind of impact mill. The wires are compacted by the special type of stress in the Verkugelungs worn to small beads, which then by means of density sorting from the RESH. Disadvantages of this method are the expenditure on equipment (balling device plus density sorters), the high energy consumption and the high degree of wear. Since the RESH contains only about 2% copper, it is generally not worthwhile to use such a complex process, in which 98% of the material is supposed to remain unchanged.
  • WO95 / 03896 proposed a device with which the wires are separated on a "bristle band".
  • This is a conveyor belt occupied by textile bristles, which is guided over a plurality of deflection rollers.
  • the raw material is abandoned.
  • the material flow is guided over a deflection roller, wherein the bristles are spread open in a V-shape.
  • the wires slip here in the opening acute angle between the bristles, while the coarser plastic parts lie flat on the bristle lining.
  • the bristle covering closes again and clamps the wires between the bristles.
  • This band section is provided with a slope over which the plastic parts resting on the bristle coating slip off and are grasped separately.
  • a further deflection roller of the bristle coating is spread again and so releases the Kupferdrähtchen.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an apparatus and a method that allow copper wires to recover from RESH, wherein the disadvantages described above are avoided.
  • the comminuted electronic waste is loaded onto a driven, endlessly circulating transport surface in a basically known manner.
  • the transport surface is designed such that the wire pieces can be held with this.
  • the loaded transport surface is then guided over an inclined and then over an overhanging place.
  • the wire pieces are held at the inclined points of the transport surface and delivered only at the overhanging points.
  • the transport surface which forms a circular cylindrical drum shell, is rotated about its axis. This circular cylindrical transport surface passes through no deformation during rotation. It is thus avoided mechanical stress on the transport surface by repeated bending and stretching.
  • the fiber layer may be a felt-like, textile layer, the majority of whose fibers are parallel to the layer.
  • the electronic waste can be loaded either on the outside of the rotating drum shell or on the inside of the rotating drum shell.
  • the transport surface is advantageously vibrated.
  • the transport surface is the convex inner surface of the tubular drum.
  • the axis of the drum is inclined, so that the electronic scrap in the axial direction moves through the drum.
  • the feeder is therefore located at the upper end of the drum and introduces the electronic waste into the top of the drum.
  • the first catcher is located at the lower end of the drum.
  • the second catcher is disposed inside the drum and directs the metal scrap falling inside the drum into the second catcher on an inclined one Surface or with a conveyor belt from the drum and into a container.
  • the device is advantageously equipped with a vibration device for vibrating the drum. This serves to vibrate the transport surface. It can vibrate the drum relative to the axis or bearings of the drum, or the drum together with the axis or the bearings of the drum.
  • the vibration device is expediently adjustable to a frequency between 1 Hz and 1000 Hz.
  • a preferred frequency is between 20 Hz and 200 Hz.
  • the vibration device may be designed to perform linear vibration movements, it is preferred if it can perform an elliptical vibration movement.
  • the axis of the linear or elliptical motion is preferably perpendicular. It should expediently not deviate more than -60 ° to + 60 ° from the vertical.
  • the drum is conveniently connected to a drive belt with the drive member.
  • a drive belt allows vibration of the driven axle and does not transmit it to the drive member.
  • This drive belt should advantageously extend substantially horizontally. As a result, the vertical vibrations have no influence on the tension of the drive belt.
  • the fiber layer may conveniently consist of plastic fibers. Since the fiber layer need not be repeatedly bent and stretched again, hard, very resistant plastics, but also metal fibers and ceramic fibers can be used to form the fiber layer.
  • the device for obtaining pieces of wire from shredded electronic waste essentially consists of a rotating drum, which is covered on the surface with a fiber covering.
  • This fiber coating is set up so that the friction between the pieces of wire and the fiber coating significantly larger by hooking in the fiber coating is, as the friction between the contained in the shredded electronic scrap "smooth" platy or massive particles and the fiber coating.
  • the drum is advantageously equipped with a vibration device.
  • This vibration device expediently vibrates the axis of the drum. This is advantageously done linearly or elliptically along an axis between -60 ° and + 60 ° from the vertical.
  • a method carried out with this device for obtaining pieces of wire from shredded electronic waste is characterized in that the crushed electronic waste is applied to the outer shell of a rotating drum, wherein the outer shell of the drum consists of a fiber covering, in which the pieces of wire get caught, from which, however, the "smooth" platey or bulky components slip off.
  • the invention can be represented as follows:
  • the residue from the processing of crushed electronic waste still contains 1 to 3% copper in the form of very fine pieces of wire.
  • a large part of this copper is recovered.
  • a rotating drum covered with a fiber layer is used for separation.
  • the hooking of the wires is favored, while in the overhanging part of the dropping of the wires is favored.
  • the separation takes place in that the plate-like and massive components on the flank of the drum, following gravity, slip off above the horizontal axis of the drum, but the wires are entrained by the entanglement in the fiber material into the horizontal area of the drum.
  • FIG. 1 A first exemplary embodiment of the device is outlined in FIG.
  • This device consists essentially of a covered with a textile covering 13 rotating drum 11, the axis 12 vibrates.
  • a motor 10 is present for the drive.
  • the axis 12 of the drum 11 is connected via a drive belt to the engine.
  • a chute 14 for supplying the electronic scrap 1 is adjacent to the top of the drum to this.
  • the design of the chute 14 with a finger sieve open in the direction of the drum is advantageous. Through this, the elongated, unhooked wires 15 trickle first on the pad 13 and the plate-like plastic parts 16 and the entangled with foams and other fibrous materials wires only then slide onto the pad.
  • Beneath the drum are two containers 17 and 18 for receiving two different fractions 21,23 falling from the drum.
  • the two containers are separated from each other. The separation is approximately in a vertical tangential plane to the drum.
  • the container 18 located below the drum receives the copper-enriched concentrate 21.
  • the container 17 located next to the drum receives the slipping off of the drum parts forming a depleted copper 23 residue.
  • the textile covering 13 is set up so that the finest wires 15 get caught in it under the action of gravity and are released by gravity only at overhanging points of the textile covering. This effect is amplified by the vibration.
  • the textile covering may be a V-shaped spread bristle covering.
  • a synthetic felt has proven to be particularly effective. Although the finest wires at the lower end are initially only insufficiently discharged from this, however, the wires become matted with the covering and with other wires in such a way that they entangle further wires support. Over time, a balance is established between the interlocking and the falling wires. In this way, a part of the lining surface is formed by very fine wires, which have the same effect on the separation success as the original textile felt. This is even protected by the building up and constantly renewing wire felt from wear.
  • the fiber coating can be made in the form of prefabricated circular cylinder segments and mounted in sections. In this way, worn or damaged segments can be easily replaced.
  • the textile fiber coating it is also possible to use a coating of metallic fibers.
  • a covering made of ceramic fibers can be used.
  • FIGURE 2 another exemplary variant of the same embodiment of the invention is outlined.
  • the RESH is separated into three fractions, namely a copper-enriched concentrate 21, a middle 22, and a copper depleted residue 23.
  • the middle which consists of wires that are still connected to plastic parts, is returned to the crushing plant 24.
  • the RESH of this knowledge is given up in the vicinity of the vertex of the drum 11 via a chute 14.
  • the wires 15 get caught in the textile covering 13 while the plate-like plastic parts 16 lie flat on the covering.
  • the plastic parts 16 begin to slip, fall off the drum from and enter the container 17 with the metal-depleted residue.
  • the wires are easily hooked to the fiber coating and are therefore dropped only in the lower, overhanging part of the drum 11. So they get into the container 18 with the copper concentrate.
  • the device can be procedurally optimized and readjusted this optimum in the ongoing process with changing material composition.
  • the operating parameters of the device are changed over time.
  • the drum can be operated for a certain period of time completely without vibration and be cleaned only periodically by means of the vibration.
  • the pair of columns A shows the percentage mass fractions of the sorting products copper concentrate 21 and residue 23 on the RESH mass 1.
  • the pair of columns B shows the percentage mass fraction of the copper based on the mass of the sorting products (copper concentrations).
  • Column pair C shows the percentage by mass of copper in the sorting products, based on the mass of copper in the RESH (copper freights).
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show a second embodiment of the device according to the invention. This likewise has a drum 41 provided with a fiber covering 13.
  • the drum is open at both ends so that it is tubular.
  • the axis of the drum 41 is inclined.
  • the fiber covering is mounted on the inside of the drum shell, and the electronic scrap 1 to be fractionated is guided into the interior of the drum 41 via the feed device 42 which extends into the top of the drum 41.
  • This feeder can also end in an open in the withdrawal direction of the drum finger sieve.
  • the drum 41 can be driven by a motor 10 via a drive belt 19. It is expediently also provided with a (not shown) vibrator.
  • These collecting means are led out of the bottom of the drum and inclined towards containers for receiving these two fractions 21, 22. These containers are ready under the end of these collection devices.
  • a container 17 for receiving the residue 23 ready which consists mainly of the massier parts 16. Die Be communioner 17 Sind in der devisen Electric des Trommeles 23 anrobe.
  • the material to be separated is placed on the feeder 42. It slips on this into the interior of the drum 42 and optionally passes through a finger screen on the fiber layer 13 in the interior of the drum 42nd
  • the fragments are taken so far with them until they slip on the fiber covering 13 or tumble back to the lower vertex line of the drum 42. In this case, the fragments 16 get closer and closer to the lower end of the drum 42 and finally fall out of the drum in the container 17.
  • the wire pieces 15, however, get caught in this intensive contact with the moving drum 42 in the fiber layer 13 and from this on the collecting devices Carried up 44.45. In the overhanging region of the fiber covering 13, the wire pieces 15 are released and fall into the collecting device 44, which directs them out of the drum into the container 18.
  • a secondary felt of wire pieces forms on the fiber layer. This secondary felt protects the fiber coating.
  • a nozzle bar 32 may be provided, as shown in FIG.
  • the nozzle bar 32 can be operated as a spray bar with a liquid. Alternatively, it can also be operated with compressed air. It can further be provided that the drum and the fiber coating are permeable and the compressed air is pressed in the direction of the collecting device through the fiber coating 13 therethrough.
  • Fiberboards may also be made from other loop fabrics such as Velcro®, terry, 3D knitted fabrics, knitted, woven, embroidered or "non-woven” textiles. Essential to these felt coverings is that they have fibers on their surface which form loops in which the wires can get caught.
  • the fiber coating is advantageously matched to the specific properties of a particular RESH.
  • the finger sieve of the feed chute of the experimental plant had fingers of 55 mm length. These fingers were 4mm wide and spaced 8mm apart. The dimensioning of the finger sieve is advantageously matched to the properties of the RESH.

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  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
EP06405130A 2005-04-14 2006-03-27 Dispositif et procédé pour le traitement des déchets électroniques Withdrawn EP1712301A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH6782005 2005-04-14

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1712301A2 true EP1712301A2 (fr) 2006-10-18
EP1712301A3 EP1712301A3 (fr) 2008-05-14

Family

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Family Applications (1)

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EP06405130A Withdrawn EP1712301A3 (fr) 2005-04-14 2006-03-27 Dispositif et procédé pour le traitement des déchets électroniques

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010055489A1 (fr) 2008-11-14 2010-05-20 Terra Nova Procede de recuperation des metaux contenus dans les dechets electroniques a matieres plastiques
JP2013000707A (ja) * 2011-06-21 2013-01-07 Mitsubishi Electric Corp プラスチック選別装置およびプラスチック選別方法
WO2013178738A1 (fr) 2012-05-30 2013-12-05 Comet Traitements Sa Procede de separation granulometrique de matieres riches en particules filiformes
FR3132857A1 (fr) 2022-02-22 2023-08-25 Igneo Ip, Llc Procédé de traitement autothermique de matériaux contenant un mélange de matières plastiques et de matières métalliques
WO2025261609A1 (fr) * 2024-06-21 2025-12-26 Twincon Dispositif et procédé de triage en fonction de la longueur de câble pour un faisceau de câbles

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS53103864A (en) * 1977-02-21 1978-09-09 Satake Eng Co Ltd Rotating type grain separator
DE4041385A1 (de) * 1990-12-21 1992-07-02 Hamos Elektronik Gmbh Vorrichtung zur trennung von metallischen faserstuecken, insbesondere kupferdraehtchen, aus kunststoff-abfaellen
DE4325835A1 (de) * 1993-07-31 1995-02-02 Lindemann Maschfab Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufbereiten von Materialien aus einem Feststoffgemisch
NL1014536C2 (nl) * 2000-03-01 2001-09-04 Univ Delft Tech Scheidingsinrichting.
AU2003902499A0 (en) * 2003-05-22 2003-06-05 Scott Messenger A conveyor belt

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010055489A1 (fr) 2008-11-14 2010-05-20 Terra Nova Procede de recuperation des metaux contenus dans les dechets electroniques a matieres plastiques
JP2013000707A (ja) * 2011-06-21 2013-01-07 Mitsubishi Electric Corp プラスチック選別装置およびプラスチック選別方法
WO2013178738A1 (fr) 2012-05-30 2013-12-05 Comet Traitements Sa Procede de separation granulometrique de matieres riches en particules filiformes
FR3132857A1 (fr) 2022-02-22 2023-08-25 Igneo Ip, Llc Procédé de traitement autothermique de matériaux contenant un mélange de matières plastiques et de matières métalliques
WO2023164504A1 (fr) 2022-02-22 2023-08-31 Igneo Ip, Llc Procédé de traitement autothermique de matières contenant un mélange de matières plastiques et de matières métalliques
WO2025261609A1 (fr) * 2024-06-21 2025-12-26 Twincon Dispositif et procédé de triage en fonction de la longueur de câble pour un faisceau de câbles

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