Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
  • F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
  • F24S60/30—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors storing heat in liquids
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
  • F24S90/00—Solar heat systems not otherwise provided for
  • F24S90/10—Solar heat systems not otherwise provided for using thermosiphonic circulation
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
  • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
  • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers

Definitions

• the invention relates to a solar water heater device, comprising a water storage tank, to which is connected a solar energy collector exchanger in the form of an approximately planar panel.
• the present invention relates to the field of the use of renewable energies, and in particular that of solar water heaters. It is known to use solar energy to heat heat transfer fluids, in particular water, in order to cover domestic or collective needs. The instantaneous production of hot water does not cover the usual needs, it is necessary to store a sufficient volume of hot water to meet the needs of the community concerned. Such storage is commonly carried out in an insulated balloon type container, in common use. In a dynamic of global energy saving in such installations, it is avoided any recourse to additional means such as pumps, for transporting and distributing the hot water thus produced.
• thermosyphon effect under the effect of the difference in density between cold water and hot water (and in particular between that contained in the sensor, and that contained in the tank), the latter is raised above cold water, within a circuit intended to transform cold water into hot water.
• This system is completely autonomous, without circulation device or regulator, and is static.
• US Patent 4706650A thus describes a solar water heater installation with insulation panel, solar collector, heat exchanger, connections to a tank, and water circulation by thermosyphon effect.
• This system common in tropical regions, where it does not require any additional energy, requires adaptation in temperate or cold regions (mountains) by adding anti-freeze or / and pumping or even reheating functionalities.
• hot water is generally produced by collectors, of generally flat appearance, most of the times arranged on the roof.
• the storage tanks, arranged above the collectors (so as to allow the thermosyphon effect) are thus located in the vicinity of the top of the constructions, either inside or outside them.
• part of the water storage tank is located under the sensor.
• the localized installation of storage tanks on the roof requires the reinforcement of the fasteners by means adapted to the weight and volume of these tanks.
• Such installations are often unsuitable for constructions which are inherently lighter than those found in temperate or cold regions.
• the invention relates to a solar water heater device, comprising at least one water storage tank, to which is connected at least one solar energy collector exchanger in the form of an approximately planar panel, characterized device in that said exchanger comprises at the upper and lower end edges respectively a hot water collector and a cold water collector, to which are connected collectors of hot water and cold water respectively, delimiting at the edges of 'upper and lower end said tank defined in the form of a panel extending under that of one exchanger.
• the tank in the form of a panel is defined by a bundle of transverse pipes, which connect, at the upper and lower end edges of this panel, respectively upper and lower longitudinal pipes.
• said longitudinal pipes are connected to the hot water and cold water collectors; in a second variant, they define these collectors.
• the tank in the form of a panel is defined by an envelope comprising an upper envelope wall extending under the panel of the exchanger, spaced relative to a lower wall extending below the previous. This envelope is still closed on its periphery.
• this envelope is connected, at the upper and lower end edges, to the hot and cold water collectors; in a second variant, they define these collectors.
• the reservoir is located in an insulating protective envelope. Due to the form of panel given to the storage tank, panel extending under the exchanger, the wind resistance is less than in existing systems.
• the outfit can also be opti ized, and, in a preferred form, said envelope has the shape of an airplane wing.
• the aircraft wing profile is arranged in an inverted manner: the lower surface profile is on the side of the exchanger, and the upper surface profile is on the side opposite to the exchanger, and receives the fixing support (s) to the building.
• FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic representation and in section of a solar water heater device according to the invention
• FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic representation of the storage tank part of the previous assembly, according to an alternative embodiment in top view FIG.
• FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic and perspective representation, seen from below, of a solar water heater, according to another alternative embodiment in profile aircraft wing, according to the invention
• Figure 4 is a schematic representation in section along IV-IV of Figure 3.
• the present invention relates to the field of energy use renewable, and more particularly 'solar energy.
• the invention relates to a solar water heater device 1.
• This comprises: a water storage tank 2; an exchanger 3 intended to collect solar energy.
• This exchanger 3 is in the form of an approximately planar panel. It can borrow all known embodiments, for example a network of component tubes the exchanger element proper, oriented facing solar radiation, extending over an insulating layer (on the side opposite to solar radiation), and protected from heat loss by glazing 4 on the side of solar radiation.
• This exchanger 3 is oriented according to the geography of the location so as to collect the maximum sunshine. Its main plane, assimilated to that of its glazing 4, is oriented obliquely to the ground; this service inclination thus defines for this exchanger 3 an upper end border 5 and a lower end border 6.
• the exchanger 3 has at its upper end 5 and lower 6 edges, respectively, a water collector hot 7 and a cold water collector 8.
• the exchanger 3 is intended to contain a heat transfer fluid. This description describes the case where the fluid used is water, for the purpose of simpli ication. Obviously, the device according to the invention is designed capable of containing any usual heat transfer fluid.
• the water storage tank 2 is defined in the form of a panel extending under that of the exchanger 3.
• the storage tank 2 in the form of a panel comprises : a longitudinal pipe 9 at the top end edge 5A; - Another longitudinal pipe 10 at the bottom end edge 6A; a bundle of transverse pipes 11, 11A, 11B, which connect the upper longitudinal 9 and inward pipes 10.
• these upper 9 and lower 10 longitudinal pipes either define hot and cold water collectors 7A, 8A, or are connected to it.
• the upper 9 and lower 10 longitudinal pipes, designing the hot and cold water collectors 7A, 8A are in the form of cylinders with the ends closed in shells or connected through angled junction profiles, or tee, or the like, to transverse pipes 11A, 12A end, giving the assembly, of grid-like configuration, perfect load resistance for a lower manufacturing cost.
• the section of these cylinders designing the upper 9 and lower 10 longitudinal pipes is chosen to be greater than that of the transverse pipes 11, which allows them to frame the panel corresponding to the exchanger longitudinally.
• transverse end pipes 11A, 11B can also be designed with a larger section, even equal to that corresponding to these cylinders, so as to define a frame surrounding the panel of this exchanger 3 at the periphery.
• section of these upper longitudinal 9 and lower 10 cylindrical pipes optionally increased by the thickness of an insulation layer 25, determines the total thickness of the water heater 1. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to upper longitudinal 9 and lower longitudinal pipes 10 of round section. The search for the smallest possible thickness for this solar water heater leads in return to develop its longitudinal and transverse dimensions.
• an installation according to the invention with a length of 2380 mm, a width of 1190 mm, and a total thickness of 170 mm, including the envelope and the insulation, can reach a capacity of € 00 liters.
• the proportions of length / thickness and width / thickness can reach a capacity of € 00 liters.
• the water heater 1 comprises means for selectively closing all or part of the transverse pipes 11, 11A, 11B, making it possible to short-circuit them on demand, in particular to reduce the load represented by the installation.
• the storage tank 2 in the form of a panel, is defined by an envelope 13 comprising: an upper envelope wall 14 which extends under the panel of the exchanger 3 and which is rise spaced from: - a lower envelope wall 15, which extends below the previous one.
• This envelope 13 is closed on its periphery, and in particular at its upper end 5A and lower 6A edges. According to alternative embodiments, these upper 5A and lower 6A end edges, either define the hot and cold water collectors 7A, 8A, or are connected thereto.
• the storage tank 2, designed in the manner of a grid in accordance with the first embodiment can be contained in a protective envelope, preferably insulating.
• the solar water heater 1, according to the invention thus has the general appearance of an approximately planar panel, integrating the storage tank 2,
• This particular form also has the advantage of improving the resistance to pressure of the fluid contained in this storage tank 2. It will be noted that in both of these embodiments, the casing 13 of the storage tank storage 2 or that ensuring its protection, is likely to have at the level of its lower surface skin, a recess with the dimensions adapted to accommodate the panel of the exchanger 3.
• spacers 20, in the form of ribs, tie rods or the like may be interposed between the lower surface skin 18 and the upper surface skin 19, for example made of stainless steel, aluminum, or even of wood or composite materials, polyester type, or other, when the envelope is given an essentially protective function.
• Such a structure can be stiffened by beams, in particular upper and lower longitudinal pipes 9, 10, such as those described above and constituting in particular the hot water collectors 7A and cold water 8A; or by transverse pipes 11, 11A, 11B, as described above.
• the spacers 20 are preferably perforated, as the case may be, to allow the circulation of water through the storage tank 2 thus defined by the casing 13 or the passage of the transverse pipes 11, 11A, 11B, if the tank is designed in the manner of a grid, according to the first embodiment and contained in a protective envelope.
• Such inner skin 18 and outer skin 19 are easy to thermally insulate, by using for mounting the fixing, spacing or centering tabs allowing compliance with the desired thicknesses of insulating material, for example polyurethane foam, glass wool, or the like.
• the solar water heater 1 is fixed to a construction 16 or to any other support by suitable fixing supports 17. It is designed to be connected to the home network of a home.
• the domestic network includes: a supply of pressurized cold water from the public network, or even a lift pump; distribution of this cold water to the various points of use; at least one means for producing hot water, including the water heater 1; distribution of this hot water to the various points of use; additional means (purge, expansion tank, etc.).
• the solar water heater 1 comprises: a cold water supply 21 located at the lower end edge 6A of the tank 2 so as to be connected: "either on the return for example from a central heating installation in closed circuit;" or to the network of distribution of domestic cold water.
• a domestic hot water outlet 22 preferably located at a high point of the tank 2, and designed to be connected to the various points of use; possibly additional means, such as a trap in the case of a closed circuit installation such as a central heating circuit. In the case of closed circuit operation, it may be necessary to provide additional water to compensate for losses (especially at the level of the drain). Also, even in this case, the tank 2 is preferably connected to the domestic cold water network. The advantage of arranging the outlet of hot water 22 at a high point of the tank 2 allows, when the water heater 1 operates in open circuit, therefore if it is connected to the various points of domestic use of this water hot, to ensure its degassing simultaneously, making it unnecessary to install a trap.
• a solar water heater 1 according to the invention can be connected to other installations for collecting solar energy or / and to other hot water storage tanks.
• connection nozzles can be provided, one 23 at the lower end edge 6A, the other 24 at the upper end border 5A of the tank 2.
• Such connection nozzles can be substantially formed by the cold water supply 21 and hot water outlet 22.
• solar water heater 1, according to the invention easily lends itself to a modular embodiment. All the considerations regarding the structure and the shape of the tank part 2 of a solar water heater 1, according to the invention, are directly applicable to a single tank, capable of being incorporated in a heating installation.
• solar water for example an additional tank for the water heater according to the invention, or the like.
• the solar water heater 1 is suitable for using any type of heat transfer fluid.
• the storage tank 2 can be designed capable of accommodating a primary circuit (in particular an antifreeze heat transfer fluid) and a secondary circuit (domestic water) distinct.
• the heat transfer fluid circulates in a closed circuit in the exchanger 3 and the primary circuit of the tank 2, under the thermosyphon effect; while the water is circulating in the open secondary circuit of the tank 2, which secondary circuit then incorporates the arrival of the cold water supply 21 at the edge of the lower end 6A and the hot water outlet 22 at the edge of the upper end 5A of the tank 2.
• a solar water heater 1 according to the invention is equally suitable for applications in the following fields: - sanitary heating air conditioning (in heat pump mode ).
• the design of the solar water heater device 1, like the storage tank 2 according to the invention, allows the production of flat assemblies, and having a low wind resistance.
• the smallest dimension of such assemblies, namely the thickness, is less than 300 mm.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Sustainable Energy (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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Family Cites Families (13)

• 2004
  • 2004-06-23 FR FR0406806A patent/FR2865530A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
• 2005
  • 2005-01-20 EP EP05717676A patent/EP1714093A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2005-01-20 WO PCT/FR2005/050031 patent/WO2005075899A2/fr not_active Ceased

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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