EP1715928A2 - Procede et dispositif pour afficher des parametres de la trajectoire d'au moins un objet en mouvement - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour afficher des parametres de la trajectoire d'au moins un objet en mouvement

Info

Publication number
EP1715928A2
EP1715928A2 EP05706507A EP05706507A EP1715928A2 EP 1715928 A2 EP1715928 A2 EP 1715928A2 EP 05706507 A EP05706507 A EP 05706507A EP 05706507 A EP05706507 A EP 05706507A EP 1715928 A2 EP1715928 A2 EP 1715928A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
speed
radar
signals
measured
objects
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05706507A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Markus Bickert
Hermann Beer
Marcel Jerg
Mauro Kern
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sensitec AG
Original Assignee
Sensitec AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sensitec AG filed Critical Sensitec AG
Publication of EP1715928A2 publication Critical patent/EP1715928A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B24/00—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
    • A63B24/0021—Tracking a path or terminating locations
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B69/00—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports
    • A63B69/0024—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports for hockey
    • A63B69/0026—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports for hockey for ice-hockey
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B71/00—Games or sports accessories not covered in groups A63B1/00 - A63B69/00
    • A63B71/06—Indicating or scoring devices for games or players, or for other sports activities
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/50—Systems of measurement based on relative movement of target
    • G01S13/52—Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds
    • G01S13/536—Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds using transmission of continuous unmodulated waves, amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/50—Systems of measurement based on relative movement of target
    • G01S13/58—Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
    • G01S13/583—Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems using transmission of continuous unmodulated waves, amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated waves and based upon the Doppler effect resulting from movement of targets
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/50—Systems of measurement based on relative movement of target
    • G01S13/58—Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
    • G01S13/585—Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems processing the video signal in order to evaluate or display the velocity value
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/87—Combinations of radar systems, e.g. primary radar and secondary radar
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B24/00—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
    • A63B24/0021—Tracking a path or terminating locations
    • A63B2024/0028—Tracking the path of an object, e.g. a ball inside a soccer pitch
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B24/00—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
    • A63B24/0021—Tracking a path or terminating locations
    • A63B2024/0028—Tracking the path of an object, e.g. a ball inside a soccer pitch
    • A63B2024/0031—Tracking the path of an object, e.g. a ball inside a soccer pitch at the starting point
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B24/00—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
    • A63B24/0021—Tracking a path or terminating locations
    • A63B2024/0028—Tracking the path of an object, e.g. a ball inside a soccer pitch
    • A63B2024/0034—Tracking the path of an object, e.g. a ball inside a soccer pitch during flight
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B24/00—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
    • A63B24/0021—Tracking a path or terminating locations
    • A63B2024/0037—Tracking a path or terminating locations on a target surface or at impact on the ground
    • A63B2024/004—Multiple detectors or sensors each defining a different zone
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2102/00—Application of clubs, bats, rackets or the like to the sporting activity ; particular sports involving the use of balls and clubs, bats, rackets, or the like
    • A63B2102/24—Ice hockey
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
    • A63B2220/30—Speed
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
    • A63B2220/80—Special sensors, transducers or devices therefor
    • A63B2220/89—Field sensors, e.g. radar systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2243/00—Specific ball sports not provided for in A63B2102/00 - A63B2102/38
    • A63B2243/0025—Football
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2243/00—Specific ball sports not provided for in A63B2102/00 - A63B2102/38
    • A63B2243/0033—Handball
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B63/00—Targets or goals for ball games
    • A63B63/004—Goals of the type used for football, handball, hockey or the like

Definitions

  • the present device relates to a method for displaying parameters of the path of at least one moving object and a device for carrying out this method.
  • WO 01/38898 discloses a method and a device of this type.
  • This prior art document is primarily concerned with the fact that the speed of a golf ball is displayed at the moment it is hit.
  • radar sensors are used, which are arranged in the area where the golf ball's teeing point is. Since the direction of movement of the golf ball is at least essentially known after it has been struck, it is possible to bring the main axes of the radar sensors into line with the direction of flight of the golf ball.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a method by means of which the speed of an object inside a target space can be measured and displayed, although the beginning of the movement or trajectory of the moving object is unknown or not determined in advance can.
  • FIG. 1 shows the essential components of a device for carrying out the present method, which contains, among other things, radar sensors
  • FIG. 2 shows a block circuit diagram of a section of the present device, this section of the present device being one of the radar sensors and the circuits connected to them 3 includes a block diagram which illustrates the design of the radar sensor
  • FIG. 6 shows a plan view of one of the goals of a playing field, including its apron and the radar sensors assigned to this goal, including their main radiation directions,
  • FIG. 7 shows a top view of the radiation lobes of the radar sensors from FIG. 6,
  • FIG. 8 shows a front view of the gate with its apron and the radar sensors assigned to this gate including their main radiation directions,
  • FIG. 9 shows a front view of the radiation lobes of the sensors from FIG. 8 10 shows a series of speed profiles which can be used to determine the speed of a flying sport object,
  • 11 and 12 show a further possibility for determining the actual speed of a flying sport object using a single sensor
  • 13 is a curve which illustrates the evaluation of the speed measurements with club suppression.
  • the present method can be used with special advantages in connection with sports events. If it is a matter of sporting events in which a ball moves, such as handball, football or the like, then the speed of the ball can be measured and displayed in a target area, for example in front of one of the goals. In ice hockey, the speed of the puck can be measured using the present method and device, etc.
  • the relevant measuring system comprises two sets 6 and 7 of radar sensors 5, each of which one of these sensor sets 6 and 7 is arranged in the area of one of the gates 2 and 3.
  • the sensors 5 are arranged behind the gates 2 and 3.
  • the sensors 5 it is also possible for the sensors 5 to be arranged in front of the gates 2 and 3, ie inside the playing field 1.
  • the sensors 5 of the respective set 6 or 7 are connected to a data concentrator 8.
  • the respective data concentrator 8 combines the signals received by individual sensors 5 into one or more signals before these signals are forwarded to their destination, which is normally a higher-level computer or a display.
  • These data concentrators can also be designed in such a way that they preprocess the measured values obtained from the sensors 5 and can only then forward them.
  • the measured values are passed from the concentrators 8 to a higher-level computer 9.
  • This computer 9 processes the received in such a way that it, for example are available as a video signal for a video mixer or directly for a large display 10, as is often installed in the sports stadiums.
  • the radar sensors 5 mentioned are not directed to a specific launch point of the object to be tracked, such as e.g. of a ball, because such a shooting point is not known in advance during the game.
  • the individual radar sensors 5 are aligned in such a way that the antenna characteristics of the radar sensors 5 cover the space from the relevant gate 2 or 3 as efficiently as possible.
  • Such an arrangement of the radar sensors 5 makes it possible to measure shots fired in the direction of the goal, even during the regular course of play in sports in which the players move freely in the field of play.
  • Such use of one or more radar sensors 5 also allows a speed measurement if players, in particular the goalkeeper, the line of sight between one or more of the radar sensors 5 and the ball is temporarily interrupted.
  • the present measuring device is designed in accordance with the circumstances of the relevant sport (football, ice hockey, etc.) with regard to the number of radar probes used behind the goal 2 or 3 in such a way that at least one sensor 5 always has direct visual contact with the sport object 4 at a suitable point , The speed of the sport object 4 can thus be measured, although it is shot at an unknown time and from an undefined point or position in the direction of goal 2 or 3.
  • FIG. 2 shows a block circuit diagram of a section of the present device, this section of the present device comprising one of the radar sensors 5 and the circuits connected to them for evaluating the signals emitted by the radar sensor 5.
  • Fig. 3 shows a block Circuit diagram which illustrates the design of the radar sensor 5.
  • the radar sensor 5 comprises an oscillator 11 which generates vibrations whose frequency can be between 2 GHz and 100 GHz. These vibrations are fed to an SE coupler 12, in which the vibrations supplied are divided into a transmission path 13 and a reception path 14. Via the transmission path 13, the vibrations reach the transmission antenna 15, which emits these vibrations as a progressing wave 16 to the object 4 (FIG. 2). A part 17 of these waves is reflected by objects 4 and a part of the reflected signal 17 reaches the receiving antenna 18 of the sensor 5. After amplification of the weak reception signal in a preamplifier 19, this signal is fed to a power divider 20, in which the latter Received signal is divided so that it can be fed to two mixers 21 and 22.
  • phase of the signals at the outputs of the mixers 21 and 22 is then +/- 90 degrees to one another, depending on whether the object 4 is moving towards the sensor 5 or away from it.
  • FIG. 2 also schematically shows one of the players 25. These are located in front of a cutout 26 from the net of the gate 2. Assume that the ball 4 moves against the net 26 of the gate 2 at a speed v1 of approximately 30 m / sec. A player 25 normally moves at a speed v2, which is generally well below 10 m / sec. The waves 17 returning to the sensor 5 contain information about these two speeds v1 and v2. The course of one of the signals which appears at the relevant terminal K1 or K2 is shown schematically in FIG. 4.
  • the lower speed v2 of the movement of the player 25 corresponds to a signal with a frequency f2 which is lower than that frequency f1 which carries the signal with the information about the speed v1 of the ball 4.
  • the signal with the higher frequency f1 is superimposed on the signal with the lower frequency f2, as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the .Circuits of the evaluation part of the present device are then connected to the terminals K1 and K2 of the radar sensor 5.
  • An evaluation circuit 31 or 32 is connected to the respective terminal K1 or K2.
  • the respective evaluation circuit 31 or 32 contains bandpasses 33 and 34, with the aid of which the radar signal is divided into adjacent frequency ranges.
  • the first of the bandpasses 33 is a bandpass for high speeds, which passes signals H1 and H2 at a higher frequency.
  • the second of the bandpasses 33 is a bandpass for low speeds, which passes signals L1 and L2 with a lower frequency L1 and L2.
  • the subdivision mentioned can be carried out with the aid of analog filter circuits or as a digital filter in a DSP (digital signal processor).
  • the speed range to be evaluated is divided into two ranges in the case shown, namely, in the higher range H1, H2 etc., ie radar stereo signal for the “high speed” range, and in L1, L2 etc., ie radar stereo signal for the "Low speed” range.
  • This subdivision results in a gain in the signal-to-noise ratio, especially when there are many moving objects of different speeds in the detection field 1.
  • a division into more than two sub-speed ranges brings a further improvement in the measurement results.
  • the radar signals are evaluated in parallel for all speed ranges. The highest of the parallel
  • the speeds determined are processed further in the evaluation of the speed measurements.
  • each frequency band there is a comparator with a trigger threshold, which converts a dominant signal into a square-wave signal.
  • the sports object 4 to be detected is characterized by a frequency-constant square-wave signal that occurs over a relatively long time interval. The occurrence of such a signal is recognized by the digital signal processing and as a flying sport object 4, i.e. Ball, puck, etc. recognized.
  • each radar sensor 5 generates speed values of the sport object 4 and of any player 2 present, which are expanded / developed by the concentrator 8.
  • the simplest type of this further processing is that the maximum value of the received measured values is passed on to the higher-level computer 9 or to the display, provided that the radar sensors can no longer determine speed measured values from the sport object 4 over a certain period of time.
  • the plausibility of the measured speed values can be checked. This test concerns in particular the test with regard to a sufficiently long flight phase with only a small acceleration dv / dt.
  • this check can relate to checking whether the measured maximum value is within plausible limits. Because the range of possible speeds of a ball 4 or the like is known. As long as the speed value is within these limits, it can be considered plausible.
  • a ball 4 or the like flying towards goal 2 or 3 has a relatively constant speed or only slight deviations dv / dt from a speed initially communicated to it. The speed is only output if the speed values are within the plausible limits.
  • Fig. 5 shows a vectorial representation of the situation in front of a goal 2 or 3, against which the ball 4 is shot. 5 shows a system of axes x, y and z which are at right angles to one another.
  • a first level Tau1 in which the axes x and y lie, lies in the plane of the playing field 1.
  • a second plane Tau2 in which the axes y and z lie, is perpendicular to the first plane Tau1 and this second plane Tau2 coincides with the mouth one of the gates 2 or 3 together.
  • the ball 4 initially lying on the floor 1 is shot from the middle of the width of the goal 2 or 3 laterally to the left and upwards against the goal at a speed v1.
  • the individual radar sensors 5 do not measure the actual speed of the sport object 4, but only those vector components of the speed of the sport object 4 which point in the direction of the main axis A of each of the radar sensors 5 in the second plane Tau2 (FIG. 5).
  • FIG. 6 shows a plan view of one of the gates 2 together with its apron and the radar sensors 5 assigned to this gate 2 and their main radiation directions.
  • FIG. 7 shows a top view of the radiation lobes of the radar sensors 5 from FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 8 shows a front view of the gate 2 together with its apron and the radar sensors 5 assigned to this gate 2 and their main radiation directions.
  • FIG. 9 shows a front view of the radiation lobes of the radar sensors 5 from FIG. 8.
  • FIGS. 6 to 9 there are several radar sensors 5 behind the gate 2. These radar sensors 5 are corresponding to the front surface over the surface Tau 2 of gate 2 distributed.
  • the radar sensors 51, 52, 53 and 54 are closer to the upper edge 27 of the gate 2.
  • the radar sensors 55, 56, 57 and 58 are closer to the floor 1.
  • FIGS. 7 and 9 show the positions and the directions of the lobes K51 to K58 of the radar sensors 51 to 58.
  • the radar sensors 51 to 58 oriented as shown are synchronized by the data concentrator 8 with a reference time signal.
  • the time at which the speed measurement value occurs is determined and passed on to the data concentrator 8.
  • the data concentrator 8 either takes over the calculation of the speed correction itself or it forwards the data to the higher-level computer 9. In such a case, the following processing steps take place there:
  • the speed measurements of the individual radar sensors 51 to 58 are each interpolated with a polynomial such that there is a speed-time curve for each sensor 51 to 58. These curves are generally not available for every sensor or for the entire flight time of the sport object 4, since the sport object can be covered by players 25. The sport object 4 can, however, also move away from the measuring range of the corresponding radar sensor. Time points are determined at which speed data (measured or interpolated) are available from as many sensors 51 to 58 as possible. At these times, the speed distribution, which was measured on the radar sensor level behind gate 2, is standardized and compared with stored speed profiles.
  • FIG. 10 shows a number of such speed profiles.
  • the respective speed profile comprises three mutually perpendicular planes E1, E2 and E3.
  • the first of these planes E1 represents the basic plane, it runs horizontally and comprises the coordinates y and z from the illustration in FIG. 5.
  • the second plane E2 is perpendicular to the basic plane E1 and the speed values of the sport object 4 are entered in this vertical direction , Within this spatial structure there is a curved plane Eg, which represents the speed profile mentioned.
  • the base plane E1 corresponds to the front mouth Tau 2 of the gate 2, which, however, runs vertically in FIG. 5.
  • the speed signals which originate from the radar sensors 51 to 58 arranged behind the gate 2, lie on the curved plane Eg when the ball 4 is at a specific position opposite the gate and when the ball has a specific direction of flight.
  • the speed profiles have different courses. A large number of such speed profiles is stored in computer 9, for example. stores. Together with each of the speed profiles, a number relating to the corresponding speed is stored in the computer 9.
  • the computer When assaulted information about the ball 4 comes from the sensors 51 to € 8 into the computer 9, the computer begins to compare this information with the information in the stored speed profiles. When the computer finds a corresponding stored speed profile, it displays the speed corresponding to this speed profile on the display panel 10. Each of the stored speed distributions is linked to a correction factor lambda, with which the measured speeds can be corrected. The position of the sport object 4 is thus not calculated, but rather the actual speed of the sport object 4 is only inferred from the comparison with stored speed distributions. The determined speed is output on the display 10, the superordinate computer 9 or in another suitable form. If no suitable (stored) speed distributions can be found, no speed value is output. As a result, cross passes in the area in front of the gate do not lead to a speed display, since no correction pattern is stored for speed vectors v1 (FIG. 5) which point past the gate at too great a distance.
  • speed vectors v1 FIG. 5
  • a further correction possibility is that the distance from moving or static objects can be determined by FMCW or frequency shift keying in the case of frequency-modulated radar modules.
  • the detuning of the transmission frequency results in a phase shift of the received Doppier signal that is proportional to the frequency deviation and distance. This phase shift can also be measured in the NF output signal of the radar module 5.
  • the speed in the direction of the radar module 5 and also the direct distance between the radar module 5 and the sport object 4 can thus be determined. will be closed.
  • the position of the sport object 4 can be determined if there are at least three radar sensors. If there are distance measurements from more than three radar sensors, groups of three can be formed and positions can be calculated. The target position is then calculated as a communication of these individual results. If the position of the sports object at the time of the speed measurement is known, the orientation and the amount of the speed vector can be calculated from the additionally available speed measurements.
  • 11 and 12 show a third possibility for determining the actual speed of a flying sport object.
  • a single radar sensor 5 may also be sufficient to determine the actual speed of a flying sport object:
  • the loss of speed of the sports object in the atmosphere is primarily determined by the air resistance.
  • the radar sensor 5 records the speed profile of the sport object 4 over a longer measuring distance.
  • the angular deviation of the trajectory of the sport object 4 can be concluded if the distance between the sport object 4 and the sensor 5 is known. With the division by the cosine The actual flight speed can be determined from this angular deviation.
  • this curve is checked against defined criteria in order to recognize the point in time at which the recorded curve is the free flight phase of the sport object 4, without the action of the racket. These criteria are as follows: - Monotonous decrease in speed values. - Small and defined negative speed change depending on the flight time of the sport object 4.
  • the movement sequence of the racket does not meet these criteria and in this way the present method can distinguish between the movement parameters of the sport object 4 and the movement parameters of the racket accelerating it.
  • the negative speed change as a function of time (deceleration) assumed by the evaluation depends on the sports object 4 used, its speed, the air resistance, the shape, the surface and the weight of the sports object 4.
  • the evaluation generally only outputs the maximum value of the speed of the free flight phase of the sports object. The automatic output takes place only if no new speed values are measured during a certain interval.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

La figure (1) est la représentation simplifiée d'un terrain de football (1) comprenant deux buts (2 et 3) qui se trouvent à des extrémités opposées du terrain (1). Le dispositif pour mettre en oeuvre le procédé de l'invention, comprend deux ensembles (6, 7) de capteurs radar (5) qui sont respectivement disposés au niveau de l'un des buts (2, 3) du terrain (1). Les capteurs (5) de l'ensemble correspondant (6, 7), sont raccordés à un concentrateur de données (8) qui combine les signaux reçus par les capteurs individuels (5), en un ou plusieurs signaux qui alimentent un ordinateur (9). Cet ordinateur (9) retransmet les signaux traités, sous la forme de signaux vidéo, à une console de mixage vidéo ou directement à un affichage géant (10) tel que ceux qui sont fréquemment installés dans les stades.
EP05706507A 2004-02-11 2005-02-11 Procede et dispositif pour afficher des parametres de la trajectoire d'au moins un objet en mouvement Withdrawn EP1715928A2 (fr)

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CH2022004 2004-02-11
PCT/CH2005/000080 WO2005077466A2 (fr) 2004-02-11 2005-02-11 Procede et dispositif pour afficher des parametres de la trajectoire d'au moins un objet en mouvement

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US20110063224A1 (en) 2009-07-22 2011-03-17 Frederic Vexo System and method for remote, virtual on screen input
US9092129B2 (en) 2010-03-17 2015-07-28 Logitech Europe S.A. System and method for capturing hand annotations
GB201114579D0 (en) * 2011-08-23 2011-10-05 Footwall Ltd Sports training apparatus

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WO2005077466A2 (fr) 2005-08-25

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