Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
  • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
  • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
  • E05F15/70—Power-operated mechanisms for wings with automatic actuation
  • E05F15/73—Power-operated mechanisms for wings with automatic actuation responsive to movement or presence of persons or objects
  • E05F15/74—Power-operated mechanisms for wings with automatic actuation responsive to movement or presence of persons or objects using photoelectric cells
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
  • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
  • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
  • E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
  • E05Y2900/13—Type of wing
  • E05Y2900/132—Doors
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G08—SIGNALLING
  • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
  • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
  • G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
  • G08B13/181—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using active radiation detection systems
  • G08B13/183—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using active radiation detection systems by interruption of a radiation beam or barrier

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a passage detection method associated with an access door, for example an immigration airlock, a boarding gate or the entry into a secure building in particular to guarantee the single passage of a person.
• the invention also relates to a passage detection installation suitable for implementing the method according to the invention.
• a security door is known in particular comprising detectors capable of detecting the simultaneous presence of two people in the passage compartment of the door.
• the detection system described in this document is not completely reliable.
• a reliable detection system must be able to guarantee more than 99% the uniqueness of a person's passage. To this end, this system must be able to detect the passage of: - two people at the front or closely following each other, - a single person accompanied by a child, - a single person pulling or pushing a trolley or other baggage (coat, briefcase, ...) - of a single person carrying a child, a bag. - a single person hesitating or hopping, etc.
• the aim of the present invention is to improve the known passage detection methods in order to guarantee in an almost absolute manner the uniqueness of the passage.
• the passage detection method associated with an access door for example an immigration airlock, a boarding gate or the entry into a secure building in particular to guarantee the single passage of a person is characterized in that the profile of the person is determined by means of a vertical row of infrared emitting cells D1 arranged at the entrance of the door opposite receiving cells connected to a control unit UC which manages the sampling and the signal transmission rate and depending on this profile, the access door is opened or kept closed.
• the profile obtained according to the invention not only facilitates the comparison between the profiles obtained, but allows a clear distinction to be made between a single person, two people following each other very closely, a single person carrying or pulling a bag, etc.
• certain zones of the profile are filtered to mask them or to eliminate parasitic zones.
• the profile is cut into zones which are treated separately.
• each zone is characterized according to its size to determine whether the zone corresponds to a man, a child or an object.
• each zone which touches the ground is characterized in order to discriminate by the shape of the zone, a child from a trolley and a child from a schoolbag or a backpack and each is characterized area that does not touch the ground to discriminate against a child carried, from luggage.
• an additional filtering is carried out to eliminate the backward movements of the person and the profiles are reduced to their true size.
• the profiles obtained according to the method of the invention make it possible to detect, in particular: a person accompanied by a child, two people following each other very close to each other, - a person moving forward then backward and advancing again, a person jumping, a child following a large trolley, a person carrying a backpack, a person carrying a child on their back.
• the size and the volume of each zone are determined, after identification of an area touching the ground, a trolley or bag, after identifying an area not touching the ground, we identify according to the volume of the area, a child or a bag, after filtering and before cutting into zones, we detect the passage of several people at the front.
• the passage detection installation associated with an access door for example boarding or entry into a secure building in particular to guarantee the uniqueness of a person's passage
• a first level of detection formed by a vertical row of active infrared emitting cells (D1) arranged opposite a vertical row of receiving cells to determine the profile of an incoming person , these cells being connected to a central unit (CPU) which manages the sampling and the transmission rate of the signals and means for controlling the opening or maintaining in the closed state of the access door.
• D1 active infrared emitting cells
• CPU central unit
• the installation comprises: a speed detector D3, for determining the speed of passage of the person, means for modifying the profile determined by the first level of detection to obtain a profile independent of the speed of passage, means for comparing the profile obtained with an architecture of profiles contained in a memory.
• the means for determining the speed of passage comprise a doppler radar, 5 - it comprises a second level of detection formed by a passive or thermopile infrared cell, for detecting the presence of a cold body, the second level of detection precedes the third level of detection which is constituted by the speed detector, 10 - the radar of the third level of detection is arranged at a certain distance from the entrance to the access door and is oriented to send its beam to this entrance, the passive or thermopile infrared cells of the second detection level comprise at least one cell arranged at the entrance to the door and oriented to send their beam transversely to the passage, it comprises a 5 th detection level for detecting the simultaneous passage of two people, comprising ultrasonic detectors arranged transversely to the passage, 20 the detectors of the fourth detection level comprise at least two ultrasonic detectors arranged at the upper part of the entrance to the access door and oriented to diffuse their beam downwards.
• the fourth level of detection can be carried out by: a) detection of the feet by means of distance sensors, situated horizontally at the bottom of the equipment b) analysis of a camera image taken from the front (edge detection)
• FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of a passage detection installation according to the invention
• FIG. 2 is a diagram of the control system associated with the installation
• Figures 3 to 7 show different examples of profiles obtained by the first detection level
• Figure 8 shows a profile obtained by combining the first and second detection levels
• - Figure 9 shows a profile obtained by combining three detection levels
• FIG. 10 illustrates the frontal detection of a person and two persons
• FIG. 11 is a schematic plan view of a two-door installation, one-way
• FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of a passage detection installation according to the invention
• FIG. 2 is a diagram of the control system associated with the installation
• Figures 3 to 7 show different examples of profiles obtained by the first detection level
• Figure 8 shows a profile obtained by combining the first and second detection levels
• - Figure 9 shows a profile obtained by combining three detection levels
• FIG. 10 illustrates the frontal detection of a person and two persons
• FIG. 11 is a schematic plan view of a two-door installation
• FIG. 12 is a schematic plan view of 'a two-door installation, bidirectional
• Figures 13 to 17 are diagrams showing the progress of the programs during the successive implementation of the different detection levels
• Figure 18 illu stre the step of cutting into zones of the profile obtained
• FIG. 19 illustrates the step of detecting the maxima and minima of profile obtained
• FIGS. 20 and 21 illustrate four examples of detections.
• the installation comprises an access door comprising an entrance 1 and an exit 2 giving access to a boarding area or to the entrance to a building.
• This access door includes a certain number of detectors D1, D2, D3, D4 whose positions and functions will be detailed later.
• the installation further comprises (see FIG. 2) a central unit UC which communicates with a memory M which contains a profile architecture and with the different detectors D1, D2, D3, D4.
• the central processing unit UC is also suitable for opening the door P or keeping it closed and triggering an alarm A.
• the access door has several detection levels. The first level of detection is achieved by a profile recognition of the person and the objects.
• level 1 of detection that is to say that can be detected but with lower detection reliability: 1. discrimination between: a. a person partially crossing the gantry and then taking a step back then crossing the gantry (see the profile shown in Figure 3), b. a person making a U-turn (see profile in figure 4), c. tailgating (see profile in figure 5), i.e. two people closely following each other,
• passive infrared sensors are used to constitute a second level of detection.
• the passive infrared sensors used are so-called “intelligent” sensors, that is to say capable of adapting to their environment, thus overcoming the main defect of traditional active infrared sensors (ie say the strong influence of the environment).
• These sensors can also be thermopile sensors or include an ambient temperature compensation.
• the profiling carried out by level 1 indicates in cases "3" and "4", whether it is a suitcase or a bag probably a suitcase or a bag probably of a child - of a child
• FIG. 7 shows at the bottom of the figure the profile obtained by the detectors D1 and at the top the profile obtained by the detector D2.
• two passive infrared sensors D2 are used, as shown in FIG. 1. It is still possible to improve reliability by using four sensors D2 by placing two sensors opposite two other sensors. If we want to be able to discriminate between a person partially crossing the gantry and then taking a step back then crossing the gantry, a person making a U-turn, and two people following each other closely, it is necessary to acquire the notion of meaning of displacement. This information is made possible: - by a D3 Doppler radar opposite the entrance to the door, as shown in Figure 1, or by crossing two or three successive active infrared barriers. by a distance measurement taken in front of the passage (measurement at regular intervals)
• Figure 8 shows the result of this detection. Knowing the speed of passage of a person and possibly of an object, it is possible to modify the profiles to discriminate them with regard to speed to facilitate their comparison with the architecture of profiles stored in the memory M. This fourth level of recognition of detected profiles makes it possible to considerably improve system performance.
• a fifth detection level is provided for detecting people crossing entrance 1 of the door head-on. This detection is particularly useful in the case of wide passages.
• profile detection does not make it possible to detect people passing simultaneously in front of the detectors. If the passage is not perfectly simultaneous, it is likely that this fraud is also detected by level 1 profiling.
• This detection can be done by: horizontal profiling carried out by D4 ultrasonic detection cells placed in the upper part of entrance 1 of the door. In the example shown in Figure 1, the three detectors D4 send their beam downwards. These ultrasonic detectors can be replaced by laser or infrared sensors. Two profile detections can thus be used. These detectors give the distance information continuously which allows for lateral profiling. The profiiage, produced by the three D4 detectors, allows for a three-dimensional grid of the person / object crossing the door entrance.
• Figure 10 shows a top normal passage of a person and below two people crossing head-on, fraudulently, the entrance.
• o - A variant consists in using, instead of ultrasonic detectors, a laser measurement system which, by means of a rotating mirror, can perform profiling in a vertical plane perpendicular to the plane of the profile.
• o - A variant consists in using, the shape recognition on an image made facing the passage.
• Another technique consists in using distance sensors c (see figure 1) to detect the feet.
• distance sensors c see figure 1 to detect the feet.
• the feet are identified and if the distance between them and the lateral uprights of the device is too small, then this means that: 1. a person spends his leg wide apart ( unlikely) 2. a person passes with a trolley next to him (unlikely since the trolleys are behind) 3. two people pass head on.
• thermal sensors Indeed, the heat released at ground level by the leg is greater than that given off by the trolley.
• the distance sensors are placed low enough not to detect the suitcases of the passengers.
• Another solution consists in using two detection levels 1 in which the detectors are crossed in X, which makes it impossible for two people to pass simultaneously for the two detection levels 1.
• DMI capacitive measurement system
• this level detection level 5
• these sections are arranged vertically (for example, a first section from 10 mm to 310 mm high, another from 600 to 900, from 1200 to 1500).
• FIG. 1 also shows, by horizontal lines T, the locations of the speed and direction detection cells.
• Figures 11 and 12 show in plan the access portal and the locations of the various detectors.
• Figure 11 illustrates the case of a unidirectional gantry which is crossed in direction A.
• FIG. 12 illustrates the case of a bidirectional gantry which can be crossed in both directions A and B.
• S1, S2, S3, S4 designate sensors which are not the subject of the present invention but which are necessary for the operation of the installation.
• the detectors D1, D2, D3, D4 have already been defined above and provide the different detection levels of the invention.
• - S1 is a Doppler effect radar placed at the entrance of the first door in direction A
• 52 is an active infrared cell arranged at the exit of the first door in direction A
• 53 is an active infrared cell arranged at the entrance of the second door in direction A
• 54 is an active infrared cell arranged at the exit of the second door in meaning
• D1 is a curtain of active IR cells associated with passive IR cells to determine the profiles and distinguish between a man and an object
• D3 and D4 are Doppler radars to detect the presence of a person between the two doors and the intrusion in opposite direction
• - D5 is a curtain of active IR cells which does not is used only in the case of wide doors.
• the arrangement of the sensors S1, S2 (D2), D1, D5 is symmetrical for the two doors.
• the table below summarizes the various detections carried out by the installation according to the invention: two people closely following each other or person crowded with luggage, jumping over, sliding under, two people in front
• the program that controls the various detection and recognition functions is written, for example, in Visual C ++. Other programming languages such as programmed PLC or others can be used without departing from the scope of the invention.
• the program can be executed on a PC connected to the central processing unit UC.
• the diagrams represented in FIGS. 13 to 17 describe the successive phases of the program implemented in the different detection levels.
• the diagram in FIG. 13 presents the different program phases implemented in detection levels 1 and 2.
• the diagram in FIG. 14 adds to the phases presented in FIG. 13, the detection of a large area carried out at using the IR detection cells placed at the exit of the first door.
• the diagram of FIG. 15 adds to the phases presented on the diagram of FIG. 13, those implemented at detection level 3.
• the diagram of FIG. 16 adds to the phases presented on the diagram of FIG. 13 those implemented at detection level 4.
• the diagram in FIG. 17 adds to the phases presented on the diagram in FIG. 13 those implemented at detection level 5.
• Level 1 The active infrared detectors D1 form a curtain of infrared beams which is crossed by one or more people and possibly an object.
• the UC control unit establishes profiles by means of control logic.
• Filtering phase To highlight certain zones which can be masked by non useful information, a first filtering is necessary. It is also necessary to filter certain parasitic information, that is to say the too small zones corresponding to hands, straps, ... This filtering corresponds on the one hand to a rectification of the data and on the other hand to a cleaning of parasitic information.
• Zone division phase The profile is divided into zones which will be treated separately. To do this, we detect the transitions (increase / decrease). This phase is illustrated in Figure 18. The maximums and minimums of the profiles are also determined (see figure
• Phase "Touching the ground” This function has the simple aim of dividing two cases to be treated separately since they have different characteristics. Indeed, it is here to discriminate on the one hand a child of a trolley (touching the ground) on the other hand a child of a satchel or a backpack (not touching the ground)
• Troley shape phase This part of the algorithm makes it possible to check whether it is a child or a trolley, because a trolley is inclined and has a straight side, which a child does not have. .
• “Possible child position” phase Depending on the height of the object, it is possible to eliminate the possibility that it is a child. For example, it is unlikely that a child will be hung on the mother's legs; it is more likely to be baggage.
• “Delta between zones” phase This function is used to determine the spacing between two zones. As the object does not touch the ground, it can only be a bag held at arm's length, or a satchel placed on a trolley, ...
• Figures 20 and 21 illustrate several examples successively showing a person (example 1 figure 20) normally passing through the access door, a person carrying hand luggage (example 2 figure 20), a person carrying a trolley and carrying a satchel (examples 3 and 4 - figure 21).
• Figures 20 and 21 show for each example, the profile obtained, the detection levels, the result (success rate) and the occurrence rate.
• the detection level 1 a is sufficient to identify a single person and a person carrying luggage.
• the detection levels 1 and 2 were used to obtain a 99% sure result.

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• Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
• Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
• Elevator Door Apparatuses (AREA)
• Automobile Manufacture Line, Endless Track Vehicle, Trailer (AREA)
• Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)

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• 2004
  • 2004-03-17 FR FR0402729A patent/FR2867864B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2004-07-08 ES ES04767618T patent/ES2334235T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2004-07-08 DK DK04767618T patent/DK1730554T3/da active
  • 2004-07-08 AT AT04767618T patent/ATE443274T1/de active
  • 2004-07-08 WO PCT/FR2004/001786 patent/WO2005101062A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2004-07-08 DE DE602004023235T patent/DE602004023235D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2004-07-08 CA CA002559730A patent/CA2559730A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 2004-07-08 EP EP04767618A patent/EP1730554B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2004-07-08 US US10/592,933 patent/US20070194917A1/en not_active Abandoned

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