EP1733470A1 - Dispositif de commutation servant a faire fonctionner un moteur, et procede correspondant - Google Patents

Dispositif de commutation servant a faire fonctionner un moteur, et procede correspondant

Info

Publication number
EP1733470A1
EP1733470A1 EP05717083A EP05717083A EP1733470A1 EP 1733470 A1 EP1733470 A1 EP 1733470A1 EP 05717083 A EP05717083 A EP 05717083A EP 05717083 A EP05717083 A EP 05717083A EP 1733470 A1 EP1733470 A1 EP 1733470A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
voltage
switching
semiconductor device
switched
bypass
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05717083A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1733470B1 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Fritsch
Markus Meier
Norbert Reichenbach
Fritz Royer
Johann Seitz
Bernhard Streich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP1733470A1 publication Critical patent/EP1733470A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1733470B1 publication Critical patent/EP1733470B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
    • H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
    • H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means
    • H01H2009/546—Contacts shunted by static switch means the static switching means being triggered by the voltage over the mechanical switch contacts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a switching device for operating a motor with a mechanical contact device which is arranged between two connections and which can be switched on in a continuous operating phase of the motor to bridge the connections, and a semiconductor device which is connected in parallel with the contact device and which is between the two Connections in a start phase of the engine for conductive connection of the connections can be switched on.
  • the present invention relates to a corresponding method for operating a motor with such a switching device.
  • bypass contacts In today's known electronic motor starters, the parallel connection of semiconductor elements and mechanical contacts is common. In continuous operation, the semiconductor elements are bridged by the mechanical contacts. As a result, instead of the comparatively high power losses of the semiconductor elements, only the low power losses of the mechanical contact system occur in continuous operation.
  • the mechanical contact system hereinafter referred to as bypass contacts or bypass contact system
  • bypass contacts bypass contact system
  • Operational current transition is understood to mean the transitions from the semiconductor element to the bypass contact system and vice versa, which occur when changing between operational control states.
  • the transition from the ramp ramp end to continuous operation (also referred to as the bypass phase) may be mentioned as an example.
  • a further possibility is hardware-controlled positive ignition of the semiconductor elements, as mentioned in DE 20014351 U1.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to avoid the disadvantages mentioned above, in particular to reliably detect a faulty opening of the bypass contacts when the semiconductor elements are switched off.
  • this object is achieved by a switching device for starting a motor with a mechanical contact device which is arranged between two connections and which can be switched on in a continuous operating phase of the motor to bridge the connections, and a semiconductor device which is connected in parallel with the contact device and which between the two connections can be switched on in a start phase of the engine for the conductive connection of the connections, and a voltage monitoring device for monitoring the voltage at the connections and for Turning on the semiconductor device if the voltage exceeds a predetermined value.
  • a method for operating a motor with such a switching device is provided, the voltage at the connections being monitored and the semiconductor circuit being switched on if the voltage exceeds a predetermined value.
  • An arc can thus be reliably detected in a parallel circuit arrangement of semiconductor elements and bypass contacts without a mechanical arc extinguishing device when the semiconductor elements are switched off.
  • a targeted and defined current supply can be achieved via the semiconductor elements and damage to the device by the arc can be avoided.
  • reliable monitoring and evaluation e.g. error reporting
  • the semiconductor device preferably has two thyristors connected in anti-parallel. These can be ignited electronically at defined times and enable very quick switching on and off. This means that the effective voltage can be continuously increased, for example when starting an engine.
  • the voltage monitoring device can have an analog converter, a threshold value comparison element and a control unit, so that an analog voltage signal can be compared with a threshold value and a resultant, binary comparison result can be used as an input signal for the control unit for switching the semiconductor device.
  • This analog evaluation enables simple and inexpensive voltage monitoring to be achieved.
  • the voltage monitoring device can comprise a control unit, in which an analog / digital converter and a threshold value comparison element are integrated, so that a digitized voltage signal can be compared with a threshold value and a resultant comparison result can be used for switching the semiconductor device by the control unit. This means that all components for digital voltage monitoring are integrated in the control unit, which may lead to assembly advantages.
  • the voltage range of the monitored voltage should include the arc voltage occurring at the contact device.
  • the occurrence of an arc can thus be determined in a targeted manner.
  • the switching device according to the invention has a switch-off device for switching off the semiconductor device after a defined period of time or number of periods of a voltage curve following the switching on of the semiconductor device by the voltage monitoring device.
  • the mechanical contact device switches back to low-loss continuous operation after the semiconductor device has been switched on.
  • the switch-off device outputs a fault signal if the semiconductor device is switched on several times in a predetermined time period by the voltage monitoring device. This repeated switching on of the semiconductor device indicates an irreversible error, so that for safety reasons it can be appropriate to use the fault signal to actuate an external switching device connected upstream and in series with the switching device in order to interrupt the current flow and the like Initiate repair measures.
  • Another preferred embodiment is the integration of a switching element in the switching device. This switching element is in series with the parallel connection of mechanical contact device and semiconductor device and is actuated by the control unit in the event of an irreversible error in order to interrupt the current flow.
  • FIG. 1 shows a basic circuit diagram of a switching device according to the invention.
  • FIG 2 shows waveform diagrams of the switching device according to the invention.
  • the aim of the invention is to recognize the non-operational state of the bypass contact opening (for example due to an error or mechanical stress) within the bypass phase and to react in such a way that irreversible damage to the contacts does not result in irreparable damage to the contacts Arcing is coming.
  • the device should not be thermally destroyed by a standing arc and the effects of such a fault should be limited to the device itself.
  • reversible errors are, for example, a brief interruption or a failure of the control voltage of the coil drive of the bypass contact system, which leads to the contacts being opened unintentionally. Reversible errors are also mechanical shocks that also lead to the unwanted opening of the contacts.
  • An irreversible fault can be a break in the coil wire of the coil drive, a break in the main contact spring of the bypass contact system or a component defect in the control of the coil drive.
  • the voltage across the parallel circuit arrangement is detected according to the invention.
  • the bypass contacts are closed, almost no voltage drops across the parallel circuit. If the bypass contacts open, the resulting voltage corresponds to the arc voltage between the bypass contacts.
  • the arc voltage can be detected according to FIG. 1 with a voltage detection circuit.
  • the voltage at the parallel circuit arrangement consisting of the mechanical contacts or the bypass contact system 1 and the semiconductor device 2 connected in parallel thereto is monitored.
  • the semiconductor device 2 here consists of an parallel connection of two thyristors 3 and 4.
  • the voltage Up present at the parallel circuit arrangement is recorded in a voltage monitoring device 5 and used to control the semiconductor device 2 or the thyristors 3 and 4 and the bypass contact system 1.
  • the voltage monitoring device consists of an analog converter 6, a threshold value comparison element 7 and a control unit 8 connected to it.
  • the analog converter 6 converts the analog voltage signal Up into an analog voltage Uap of a suitable level for the purpose of level adjustment.
  • the downstream threshold value comparison element 7 effects a comparison of the analog voltage signal Uap with one predetermined threshold.
  • the digital output signal Udp of this threshold value comparison element 7 changes its level as soon as the digital voltage signal exceeds or falls below the threshold or limit value.
  • the output signal Udp of the threshold value comparison element 7 is used by the control unit 8 to control the thyristors 3 and 4 and the bypass system 1.
  • the control lines are only indicated by an arrow from the control unit 8 in FIG.
  • a storm contact 9 can be provided on the control unit 8 for outputting a storm signal.
  • a switching element 10 can be connected in series in front of the parallel connection of semiconductor device 2 and mechanical contact device 1, with which the current flow can be interrupted or switched off in the event of a defect in the semiconductor device 2 or the contact device 1.
  • the analog / digital converter and the threshold value comparison element can be integrated in the control unit.
  • the analog voltage signal Up is applied directly to an A / D input of the control device and the voltage limit value monitoring is carried out within the control device.
  • the behavior of the digital signal Udp described above with regard to level and edge changes is completely monitored and utilized in the control device.
  • the control device causes the semiconductor elements 3, 4 to be switched on immediately.
  • the current flow is thus taken over by the semiconductor elements as quickly as possible and the voltage across the parallel circuit is reduced to the low forward voltage of the semiconductor elements.
  • the arc is thus extinguished.
  • the use of an electronic arc detection (or contact monitoring system) and extinguishing system results in a number of advantages: • The use of bypass contacts without mechanical arc extinguishing device and thus a simple, compact and inexpensive construction of the contacts is made possible;
  • IThy r is t or the current through the anti-parallel connected thyristors 3, 4, Ißypass corresponds to the current through the bypass system and iGesam the sum of I ⁇ hyrstor
  • the control device 8 Starting from the flank caused by the change in level of the digital voltage signal Udp, the control device 8 initiates an instantaneous switch-on of the semiconductor elements 3, 4 at time ti.
  • the current flow is thus stopped as quickly as possible by the semiconductor elements 3, 4 (cf. I ⁇ h y r i stor ) and the voltage Up at the parallel connection is due to the low forward voltage of the semiconductor elements. The arc is thus extinguished.
  • the control unit 8 switches the thyristors off again or ends their ignition. Thereupon the next zero crossing of the thyristor current Imyistor must be waited for at time t 3 so that the thyristors 3, 4 can go out, so that the switching device is switched off. Accordingly, the voltage Up at the parallel connection rises to the current voltage value of the switching device. This voltage increase in terms of amount is detected by the threshold value comparison element 7, whereby the digital signal Udp changes the level. Even afterwards if the ana- If voltage signal Up makes a zero crossing, corresponding level changes of the digital signal Udp take place before and after the zero crossing depending on the selected threshold value.
  • the switching device just described is typically not switched off after detection of a first arc, since this arc could have been triggered by a reversible fault. Rather, the bypass system is switched on again after a predetermined time and the thyristors 3 and 4 are switched off, so that the switching device continues to operate in normal operation and there was no interruption of the current iGes amt . If one or more arcs are detected again within a certain period of time, this fact can be used to bring the switching device into a safe state. The cause of the multiple arcs will be one of the irreversible faults described above.
  • a safe state is achieved in that the thyristors 3 and 4 are switched on permanently when an irreversible error is detected, in order to prevent thermal destruction of the switching device as a result of arcing.
  • the thyristors must also remain switched on when an OFF signal is given to the switching device, since it is no longer possible to open the mechanical contact device because of the irreversible error.
  • the switching device can also be brought into the safe state by a control unit 8 Fault signal is emitted, which, for example, switches off an external, upstream switching element located in series with the switching device and thus interrupts the flow of current.
  • a control unit 8 Fault signal is emitted, which, for example, switches off an external, upstream switching element located in series with the switching device and thus interrupts the flow of current.
  • the transition to the safe state can also take place in that the control unit 8 interrupts a switching element present in the switching device, which in series for Parallel connection of semiconductor device and mechanical contact device.

Landscapes

  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Power Conversion In General (AREA)

Abstract

L'objectif de cette invention est de créer un système électronique d'extinction d'arc électrique, peu onéreux, servant à détecter et traiter avec fiabilité un état d'ouverture non fonctionnel des contacts de dérivation (1) d'un dispositif de commutation pour faire démarrer un moteur, résultant par exemple d'une défaillance ou d'une sollicitation mécanique. A cet effet, il convient de détecter la tension au niveau d'un ensemble circuit en parallèle constitué d'un système de dérivation (1) et d'un dispositif à semi-conducteur (2), et, en fonction de cela, de commander les éléments de circuit (1, 3, 4). Si le système de dérivation (1) est ouvert involontairement, une tension d'arc électrique est appliquée aux contacts de dérivation. Si cette tension est détectée, une unité de commande (8) active le dispositif à semi-conducteur (2), de manière que le courant traverse ce dispositif à semi-conducteur (2) et éteigne l'arc électrique.
EP05717083A 2004-04-05 2005-03-16 Dispositif de commutation servant a faire fonctionner un moteur, et procede correspondant Expired - Lifetime EP1733470B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004016739 2004-04-05
PCT/EP2005/051222 WO2005099080A1 (fr) 2004-04-05 2005-03-16 Dispositif de commutation servant a faire fonctionner un moteur, et procede correspondant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1733470A1 true EP1733470A1 (fr) 2006-12-20
EP1733470B1 EP1733470B1 (fr) 2012-08-15

Family

ID=34961817

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05717083A Expired - Lifetime EP1733470B1 (fr) 2004-04-05 2005-03-16 Dispositif de commutation servant a faire fonctionner un moteur, et procede correspondant

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1733470B1 (fr)
DK (1) DK1733470T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005099080A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104603899B (zh) 2012-08-30 2017-06-13 西门子公司 用于控制连接在下游的电机的能量供给的开关设备
CN104781898B (zh) * 2012-11-19 2017-05-10 西门子公司 用于控制连接在下游的电机的能量供给的开关设备
EP2801994B1 (fr) * 2013-05-07 2019-02-20 ABB S.p.A. Appareil de commutation de courant CC, dispositif électronique et procédé de commutation d'un circuit CC associé
CN111988177B (zh) * 2020-08-20 2023-05-12 深信服科技股份有限公司 一种bypass控制方法、系统、设备及计算机介质

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4618906A (en) 1984-07-16 1986-10-21 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Hybrid solid state/mechanical switch with failure protection
FR2696062B1 (fr) * 1992-09-23 1994-12-09 Sgs Thomson Microelectronics Commutateur électrique de puissance commandé et procédé de commutation d'un circuit électrique de puissance.
FR2748612B1 (fr) 1996-05-10 1998-06-19 Schneider Electric Sa Circuit pour l'alimentation protegee d'une charge electrique
FR2773016A1 (fr) 1997-12-24 1999-06-25 Schneider Electric Sa Appareil de commande d'un moteur electrique
GB2344936A (en) 1998-12-18 2000-06-21 Zia Shlaimoun Starter switch
DE20008036U1 (de) 2000-05-04 2000-08-03 Sero Schröder Elektronik Rohrbach GmbH, 76865 Rohrbach Schaltungsanordnung zur Unterdrückung eines Lichtbogens bei einem Schaltkontakt
US6420848B1 (en) * 2000-05-19 2002-07-16 Eaton Corporation Method and controlling the starting of an AC induction motor with closed loop current control
KR100397565B1 (ko) 2001-01-16 2003-09-13 엘지산전 주식회사 다기능 하이브리드 개폐기

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO2005099080A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1733470B1 (fr) 2012-08-15
WO2005099080A1 (fr) 2005-10-20
DK1733470T3 (da) 2012-12-03

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